新型B族链球菌胶体金免疫层析试纸条的临床应用评价

目的 探讨新型B族链球菌(GBS)胶体金免疫层析试纸条的临床检测效果。方法 选取202份女性的阴道或宫颈棉拭子标本,采用新型检测试剂与对照试剂作对比,进行临床应用评价。结果 新型试剂最低检出浓度为10⁵ CFU/ml,5～8 min内即可观察结果; 与对照试剂相比,考核试剂灵敏度更好,显色时间更短; 检测的202份临床标本中,与对照试剂相比,197例样本检测结果一致,其余5例样本检测结果不符,阳性符合率达97.5%,阴性符合率达97.54%,总符合率为97.52%,Kappa值0.948,一致性分析表明新型试剂与对照试剂具有很好的一致性。结论 该新型试剂能有效的辅助诊断B族链球菌感染,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

A 族链球菌胶体金免疫层析试纸条的制备及应用

目的建立一种以胶体金为基础的A族链球菌（Strep-A）免疫层析快速检测方法方法以双抗体夹心的原理研制胶体金免疫层析试纸条,并对其特异性、灵敏度以及临床应用进行评价。结果最低检出浓度为105 CFU/mL;10 min内即可观察结果;与B族链球菌、D族链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌均无交叉反应;检测229例临床样本,以传统的细菌培养鉴定结果为对照,敏感度为97.30%,特异度为98.06%,kappa值为0.950,一致性检测表明两者无显著性差异。结论该方法方便、快捷,能有效的辅助诊断A族链球菌感染,胶体金免疫层析试纸的研制为Strep-A进行现场快速诊断与筛查奠定了基础。     

B群链球菌的血清型及其试验方法

已知B 群链球菌能引起母子间垂直感染,新生儿败血症和脑膜炎或其他化脓性炎症,据统计新生儿脑膜炎31%由B 群链球菌所致,因此必须提高对B 群链球菌的认识与检测.B 群链球菌在分类学上代表菌种是无乳链球菌     

胶体金免疫层析法测定尿HCG的评价

目的对胶体金免疫层析测定试条检测随机尿HC-G的结果进行分析与评价。方法采用胶体金免疫层析测定法和放射免疫分析法对120份育龄妇女随机尿HCG进行测定。结果胶体金免疫层析试条对随机尿HCG的检测范围为120.0～427570mIU/ml,灵敏度为120.0mIU/ml,当尿HCG浓度大于427,570mIU/ml时,该试条出现带现象,与尿中LH无交叉反应。结论胶体金免疫层析试条具有操作简单、快速等优点,与放射免疫法相比,存在灵敏度低和带现象问题,在日常应用中应加以注意。     

B群链球菌显色平板的初步应用评价

B群链球菌(group B streptococcus,GBS)为围产期母婴感染的主要致病菌之一。GBS传统检测方法费时费力,且存在假阴性。本研究旨在对一种新型的B群链球菌显色平板进行应用评价,现将结果报道如下。1材料与方法1.1研究对象选取2014年1~10月沈阳市妇婴医院产科门诊就诊的35~37孕周进行GBS筛查的孕妇共计1 108例,分别采集阴道分泌物标本。     

胶体金免疫层析法测定尿HCG的评价

目的对胶体金免疫层析测定试条检测随机尿HC-G的结果进行分析与评价.方法采用胶体金免疫层析测定法和放射免疫分析法对120份育龄妇女随机尿HCG进行测定.结果胶体金免疫层析试条对随机尿HCG的检测范围为120.0～427,570mIU/ml,灵敏度为120.0mIU/ml,当尿HCG浓度大于427,570mIU/ml时,该试条出现带现象,与尿中LH无交叉反应.结论胶体金免疫层析试条具有操作简单、快速等优点,与放射免疫法相比,存在灵敏度低和带现象问题,在日常应用中应加以注意.     

154株B群链球菌的耐药性及其感染的临床特征

为了解我院检出的Ｂ群链球菌对产妇、新生儿及其他患者的感染和治疗情况,我们分析了我院1995～1998年4年中的154株Ｂ群链球菌对抗生素的敏感性和菌株的来源及分布情况。一、材料和方法1菌株来源:154株Ｂ群链球菌,其中104株来自门诊病人,其他50株来自住院病人。包括泌尿生殖道、呼吸道分泌物标本,脓液、引流液、血液标本。2抗生素:青霉素、氨苄西林、头孢噻肟、头孢曲松、红霉素、万古霉素。以上抗生素纸片均为Ｏｘｏｉｄ公司产品。3菌株鉴定:所有菌株均经ＣＡＭＰ试验阳性,必要时用法国梅里埃公司链球菌玻片法分群试剂盒做确证试验。4药敏试…     

胶体金标记免疫层析法检测大肠杆菌O157

目的 应用抗大肠杆菌O157(E.coli O157)单克隆抗体,制备一种简便快速的胶体金标记免疫层析(GICA)条用于检测标本中E.coli O157.方法 采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备胶体金颗粒,标记抗E.coli O157单克隆抗体,以硝酸纤维膜作为抗E.coli O157单克隆抗体的包被载体,制成GICA检测条.标本中E.coli O157与检测条上金标记抗体(Au-Ab)结合后,利用硝酸纤维膜的层析作用移动,与膜上的固相抗体结合形成可见的红色条带.结果 GICA检测条灵敏度可达105 cfu/ml.用GICA检测了1750份不同食品和人畜粪便标本中E.coli O157,GICA检测条阳性份数43份,后经分离培养检出29株大肠杆菌O157;另14份标本经鉴定,其中12份标本可疑为弗劳地枸橼酸杆菌.结论 GICA条检测标本的E.coli O157,特异性较高,不需任何仪器设备,较简便快速,易于判断结果,故可对标本进行快速筛查,适合各级疾控中心和临床检验部门使用.     

一种B群链球菌显色平板临床应用研究

目的：评估 B 群链球菌显色平板的临床应用价值。方法1510份孕妇阴道分泌物标本同时接种 B 群链球菌显色平板和血平板,以 VITEK ?2 COMPACT 鉴定结果为准。结果血平板培养检出152株 B 群链球菌阳性,B 群链球菌显色平板检出155株 B 群链球菌阳性,差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论 B 群链球菌显色平板能够满足临床检测需要,操作方便,准确可靠,具有较强的临床应用价值。     

胶体金免疫层析法检测大肠杆菌O157:H7的实验研究

目的:建立一种简单实用的胶体金免疫层析法用于食品样品中大肠杆菌O157:H7的快速筛查.方法:采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备胶体金颗粒.标记抗E.coli O157:H7单克隆抗体,制备免疫胶体金复合物,组装胶体金免疫层析快速检测试纸条,并对其特异性、灵敏度和稳定性进行了测试和评价.结果:该试纸条特异性较好,不与其他受试菌株发生交叉反应,检测灵敏度为105 CFU/mL.120份人工污染E.coli O157:H7模拟食品样本增菌后检测,该法检测阳性118份,灵敏度高达98.3%.结论:本实验成功研制了E.coliO157:H7胶体金免疫层析试纸条,该试纸条具有灵敏度高、特异性好、检测速度快、操作简便等优点,可用于现场大量样品的初筛.     

Evaluation of the Xpert® group B streptococcus real-time polymerase chain reaction assay compared to StrepB Carrot Broth™ for the rapid intrapartum detection of group B streptococcus colonization

Xpert group B streptococcus (GBS) was compared to StrepB Carrot Broth™ (SCB) for the detection of intrapartum GBS colonization by dually collecting vaginal/rectal swabs from 231 women. Xpert GBS detected all of the cases (45, 19.5%), but 4 were missed by SCB. A rapid Xpert GBS service for women in labor would increase costs by ∼$55?000 per annum in our region.     

Maternal carriage and neonatal colonisation of group B streptococcus in eastern Turkey: prevalence, risk factors and antimicrobial resistance

Our object is to determine the prevalence of group B streptococcus (GBS) carriage among pregnant women, the neonatal colonisation rate and the antimicrobial susceptibility to formulate a policy for treatment and prevention regarding perinatal GBS diseases in eastern Turkey. A total of 150 pregnant women were screened for GBS colonisation. Samples were collected from the vagina and the rectum of pregnant women, and the ear canal, throat and umbilicus of the neonates of colonised mothers. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was also investigated. GBS was isolated in at least one specimen from the 150 women in 48 cases; it was estimated that, overall, about 32% of the pregnant women and 17.3% of overall newborns were colonised with GBS. The overall rate of GBS vertical transmission was 54.2% in this study. Maternal colonisation rate was significantly higher in younger ages (p < 0.01) when maternal age of 20 years was taken as a cut-off point. All isolates were found to be sensitive to penicillin, ampicillin, cefazolin and vancomycin. Resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin were found to be 13.5 and 2.7%, respectively.     

围产期B族链球菌相关的研究进展

围产期孕妇B族链球菌感染会导致孕妇出现产后败血症、产褥感染以及泌尿系统感染情况,且与新生儿感染、胎儿生长受限、流产以及胎膜早破等不良妊娠结局有着很大关联,是一种围产期出现的重要致病菌类型.因为临床上普遍存在抗生素使用不合理的现象,导致耐药菌株的增长,对于四环素、克林霉素以及红霉素都有着较高的耐药性.孕晚期GBS筛查与产...     

孕妇生殖道B群链球菌快速检测方法的建立和初步应用

目的建立一种快速、灵敏、特异的PCR检测孕妇生殖道GBS感染的方法。方法根据GBS保守序列:cfb设计特异性扩增引物,优化PCR反应,通过电泳判断结果,同时使用UNG酶,dUTP避免PCR产物污染。结果本研究通过PCR条件的反复摸索,优化了PCR检测方法。同微生物培养方法相比,PCR方法灵敏度更高,检测更快速。直接煮沸法和试剂盒法的DNA提取效率具有差别,试剂盒法更适合临床诊断使用。结论本研究成功建立了快速、灵敏、特异的孕妇生殖道GBSPCR检测方法。     

Mediastinal,subcutaneous and multiple muscular abscesses caused by group B streptococcus serotype VIII in a type 2 diabetes mellitus patient

We report a case of mediastinal subcutaneous and multiple muscular abscesses caused by group B streptococcus serotype VIII in a type 2 diabetes mellitus patient. The patient arrived at the hospital with the chief complaint of immobility, and blood examination results suggested an acute infection and poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. Group B streptococcal bacteria were cultured from the patient's blood, and identified as serotype VIII upon further analysis. The patient recovered without any sequelae after percutaneous drainage, antibiotic therapy, and intensive glycemic control. Although the incidence of group B streptococcal infection in non-pregnant adults has recently increased in many developed countries, information on serotype VIII infection is quite limited. The reason is that serotype VIII group B streptococci are a Japan-specific serotype, and rarely cause invasive infections, even in Japan. Therefore, further surveillance and case reports should be documented in the future.     

新生儿B组溶血性链球菌败血症七例诊治分析

目的 分析新生儿B组溶血性链球菌败血症的临床特点及耐药性,为临床治疗提供依据.方法 对2001年1月至2011年8月在我科住院治疗经血培养确诊的7例新生儿B组溶血性链球菌败血症患儿的临床资料、药物敏感试验结果进行回顾性分析.结果 早发感染4例,晚发感染3例;白细胞减少6例,C反应蛋白升高6例,并发化脓性脑膜炎4例,感染性休克3例,弥散性血管内凝血2例.所有菌株对青霉素、万古霉素、利奈唑烷均敏感.结论 应重视新生儿B组溶血性链球菌败血症,青霉素及万古霉素对该菌敏感性较高.     

妊娠晚期B族链球菌带菌状况分析及其对妊娠结局的影响

目的：探讨妊娠晚期 B 族链球菌（GBS）带菌状况以及 GBS 带菌对妊娠结局及围生儿的影响。方法选择妊娠35～37周孕妇520例,取产前阴道下1/3分泌物及肛周分泌物,分娩后胎盘子面和新生儿咽、耳泌物进行 GBS 检测。对带菌状况以及 GBS 带菌对妊娠结局及围生儿的影响进行分析。结果（1）520例孕妇 GBS 阳性检出率为10.19％（53/520）。（2）新生儿 GBS 带菌率为8.85％（46/520）。GBS 阳性母亲的新生儿带菌率（22.64％,12/53）高于阴性母亲（7.28％,34/467）,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=13.928,P ＜0.05）。妊娠晚期 GBS 阳性者,其新生儿肺炎（20.75％,11/53）、上呼吸道感染（18.87％,10/53）发生率高于阴性者（8.57％,40/467;4.71％,22/467）。新生儿 GBS 阳性者的肺炎（21.73％,10/46）、上呼吸道感染（19.56％,9/46）发生率高于阴性者（8.65％,41/474;4.85％,23/474）,差异有统计学意义（χ^2值分别为8.121、15.717,P 均＜0.05）。（3）妊娠晚期 GBS 阳性者胎儿窘迫、宫内感染发生率分别为47.17％（25/53）、15.09％（8/53）,显著高于阴性者[分别为7.07％（33/467）、4.71％（22/467）],差异均有统计学意义（χ^2值分别为77.248、9.440,P 均＜0.05）;而胎膜早破、早产发生率 GBS 阳性者分别为28.30％（15/53）、3.77％（2/53）,与阴性者[分别为28.48％（133/467）、2.36％（11/467）]比较,差异无统计学意义（χ^2值分别为0.001、0.393,P 均＞0.05）。妊娠晚期 GBS 阳性者合并霉菌性阴道炎、前置胎盘比例[39.62％（21/53）、7.55％（4/53）]高于阴性者[20.56％（96/467）、1.93％（9/467）],差异均有统计学意义（χ^2值分别为9.922、6.168,P 均＜0.05）。结论妊娠晚期 GBS 带菌明显增加宫内感染、胎儿窘迫及新生儿感染的发生率,对妊娠结局造成不良影响,应对孕妇常规行 GBS 筛检。     

G1型轮状病毒分子生物学检测及临床应用价值

目的探讨G1型轮状病毒（rotavirus,RV）的分子生物学检测及其在RV感染性腹泻诊治中的应用价值。方法收集90例腹泻患儿第1、3天大便标本各90份,根据RV基因序列,结合文献设计针对RV G1型引物和探针,采用PCR法检测第1天标本中RV核酸,以免疫胶体金法检测第1、3天标本中RV抗体,比较2种方法检测阳性率。将PCR检测阳性病例随机分为2组,观察组立即行抗病毒及对症治疗,对照组在免疫胶体金法RV抗体阳性时再行上述治疗,比较2组住院时间。结果 PCR法共检出RV核酸51例,检测阳性率（56.7%）与第1天免疫胶体金法检测阳性率（6.7%）比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,与第3天阳性率（48.9%,）比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;观察组住院时间（（8.0±2.5）d）低于对照组（（15.0±1.5）d）（P〈0.05）。结论 PCR技术对RV G1型检测具有较高特异性和敏感性,有助于疾病的早期诊断与治疗。     

Vaginal bacterial flora of pregnant women colonized with group B streptococcus

 To elucidate the characteristics of group B streptococcus (GBS)-positive vaginal flora in pregnant women, vaginal cultures were conducted in 4025 women at 22 to 36 weeks of gestation. The results were analyzed by Fisher's exact test. Among 4025 women, 408 were found to be GBS positive and 3617 were GBS negative (GBS-negative group). A total of 1151 bacterial strains were recovered in the GBS-positive group and 6746 strains in the GBS-negative group. The percentages of Gram-positive cocci other than GBS, anaerobes, fungi, and Lactobacillus were 18.8%, 1.4%, 6.0%, and 34.4%, respectively, in the GBS-positive group, and 30.4%, 4.1%, 8.8%, and 53.5% in the GBS-negative group. The percentages were significantly lower in the GBS-positive group (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, P = 0.0012, P < 0.0001, respectively). Judging from the reduction in Lactobacillus, the GBS-positive vaginal flora is not considered a normal flora. However, it is not regarded as a pathogenic flora either, because the isolation rates of anaerobes (strongly associated with bacterial vaginosis) and fungi (occasionally causing vulvovaginal candidiasis) were lower than in the GBS-negative flora. These results suggest that the GBS-positive flora is associated with a lower risk of abnormality during pregnancy and abnormal pregnancy outcome compared with the GBS-negative flora, although this group is one of the most important pathogens in neonatal infections. Received: March 5, 2002 / Accepted: June 17, 2002