非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术中紧急转流的应用

目的探讨非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术紧急转为体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术的体外循环技术和管理。方法自2005年1月至2010年7月间,518例冠心病患者行非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术,术中27例紧急转为体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术,分析这些患者的临床资料及体外循环方法。结果全组27例中22例顺利脱机,2例延长辅助时间后顺利脱机,3例停机困难置入主动脉内气囊反搏后顺利停机,术后死亡2例。结论迅速建立体外循环,改良体外循环技术,主动脉内气囊反搏的应用等综合措施可以减少非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术并发症,降低病死率,保证体外循环质量。     

280例冠状动脉旁路移植术临床分析

目的总结非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术(OPCAB)的治疗效果和临床经验。方法选自1998-03~2004-10间280例冠心病(CAD)患者接受冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)。OPCAB实施率(即OPCAB占单纯冠状动脉旁路移植术的百分比)为94.7%。平均年龄63.1岁。合并瓣膜病变11例,合并室壁瘤9例。左室射血分数(LVEF)平均47%±14%。5例急诊手术,其中2例术前放置主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)。32例在常规体外循环下手术;248例采用非体外循环心脏不停跳技术,术中改施体外循环6例。其中5例全动脉化、2例全静脉化旁路移植术。结果平均每例远端吻合口2.95个。4例左前胸部小切口单支病变旁路移植术,其余均为正中切口,多支病变的CABG手术。死亡3例(1.07%)。结论OPCAB手术安全可行,早期效果满意,远期效果有待进一步观察。OPCAB具备独特的技术特点和方法。     

冠状动脉搭桥术病人围手术期褪黑激素昼夜节律性分泌的研究

目的　观察冠状动脉搭桥术病人围手术期褪黑激素昼夜节律性分泌。方法　将 4 0例在低温体外循环或非体外循环下行冠脉搭桥术的男性病人 ,分为体外循环组和非体外循环组 ,每组2 0例。所有病人均在麻醉诱导前 (基础值 )、气管插管后 10min、肝素化后 10min、转机后 30min(或切皮后 2h)、中和肝素前和术终各时点及术后每 3h抽血 1次 ,持续到术后 2 4h。采用酶联免疫方法检测血浆褪黑激素含量。结果　体外循环组病人在转中和转后褪黑激素浓度高于术前 ,非体外循环组病人术中血浆褪黑激素浓度没有变化。诱导后、转中和转后时点体外循环组病人和相应时点非体外循环组病人褪黑激素浓度分别为 7.2± 3.4、10 .5± 5 .2、9.5± 4 .0和 5 .5± 2 .5、6 .3± 2 .0、5 .7± 2 .1ng/ml(均P <0 .0 5 )。在术后 2 4h体外循环组和非体外循环组中各有 2例和 6例病人褪黑激素表现为昼夜节律性分泌 ,其余病人则无褪黑激素昼夜节律性分泌。结论　体外循环与非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥术后多数病人褪黑激素昼夜节律性分泌紊乱 ,但非体外循环组病人术后早期有褪黑激素昼夜分泌节律性的病例数多于体外循环组。体外循环可能是褪黑激素分泌节律紊乱的原因之一。     

急性重症冠心病应用急诊冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗的临床体会

目的：针对南昌大学第三附属医院2003年7月～2013年12月的16例急性重症冠心病患者进行急诊冠状动脉旁路移植术（ECABG）治疗的临床体会。方法16例急性重症冠心病患者中16例患者均在术前常规放置IABP,均在体外循环下进行急诊冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗。结果急性心梗10例,其中伴心源性休克5例,PCI失败5例;顽固性心绞痛3例;陈旧性心梗合并室壁瘤2例;陈旧性心梗合并二尖瓣关闭不全1例。16例患者在急诊冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗早期死亡2例,术后低心排4例,肺部感染3例,切口愈合不良1例,14例患者均痊愈出院。结论在对急性重症冠心病患者采取急诊冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗时,要提高急诊冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗成功率,应充分重视急诊冠状动脉旁路移植术术前患者合并症处理、术中要强化患者心肌保护,并选择适合患者的血管移植材料及术后心功能维护,这样才能提高急诊冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗的临床效果。     

冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗冠心病24例报告

目的:总结冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)治疗冠心病的临床经验.方法:收集24例行CABG的冠心病患者临床资料,对手术病例选择、手术方法、桥血管的选择及围手术期管理进行分析.结果:24例患者中14例为多支冠状动脉病变.所有患者采用胸部正中切口开胸,浅低温全身麻醉.其中13例行体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术,11例非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术;共移植血管61支,人均2.5支;同期行心脏瓣膜置换5例,室壁瘤切除术1例.所有患者均恢复良好,无一例手术死亡.术后随访2个月～3年,患者心绞痛症状完全消失.结论:CABG是冠心病患者较为安全和有效的治疗方法.在基层医院开展此项技术,慎重选择病例、根据患者的病情特点及医疗条件决定手术方式、恰当选择移植血管及做好围手术期管理工作是保证手术成功的关键.     

Graft patency in off-pump and conventional coronary artery bypass grafting for treatment of triple vessel coronary disease

Inanattempttoavoidthedeleteriouseffectsofcardiopulmonarybypass (CPB) ,off pumpcoronarybypasssurgeryhasrecentlybeenrediscoveredandrefined Overthepastdecade ,theuseofoff pumporbeating heartcoronaryarterybypass (OPCAB)surgeryhassincebecomemorepopularandwidelyused Intriplevesseldisease ,accesstothelateralandposteriorwallvesselstofacilitatecompleterevascularizationevolved ,accompaniedbytechnicaladvancesintheinstrumentationforstabilizationoftheheart Multiplepreviousauthorshavereportedaseriesofoff…     

血栓弹力图分析非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术围术期的凝血功能

目的：采用了能反映凝血过程全貌的血栓弹力图(TEG)作为主要方法,结合血小板计数,分析非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术围术期的凝血功能。方法选取在心外科行非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术的连续135例患者,无手术死亡和中转体外循环下手术。于入手术室后、入ICU时和术后24 h 3个时间点分别采全血,做TEG和血小板计数,分析比较3个点的数值的变化。结果入ICU时和术后24 h的R时间、最大幅度和血小板计数较术前减少,LY30较术前增加,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）,入ICU时和术后24 h的这4项指标差异无统计学意义。有3例患者入ICU时和术后24 h均为LY30＞8%,提示存在高纤溶状态。K时间和α角度各组的差异无统计学意义。结论非体外循环下状动脉旁路移植术后部分患者处于高凝状态,少数出现高纤溶状态;术后24 h凝血功能和血小板计数较术后无明显变化。     

体外与非体外循环下冠状动脉搭桥治疗冠状动脉三支病变的对比研究

目的:对比研究体外与非体外循环下冠状动脉搭桥治疗冠状动脉三支病变的临床效果。方法:300例单纯冠状动脉多支搭桥患者分别进入常规体外循环下冠状动脉搭桥组(CCABG组,n=150例)和非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥组(OPCAB组,n=150例)。两组患者在心绞痛程度、合并慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)、心肌梗死史和糖尿病、急诊手术和左主干(LM)病变等方面无显著性差异,但OPCAB组手术前有脑梗死史和肾功能异常患者的比例明显多于CCABG组(P均<0.05)。所有患者均采用胸骨正中切口。CCABG组在常规CPB心脏停跳下进行,OPCAB组用单根心包深吊线,引入一纱条,帮助暴露各冠状动脉分支,采用心脏局部固定器,辅以腔内分流栓,完成远端吻合。所有患者术终行桥血流定量测定。结果:OPCAB组无1例需转成CCABG。所有患者均在心脏侧壁和后壁区域搭桥。两组人均冠状动脉远端吻合数(OPCAB组:3.84±1.06,CCABG组:3.75±0.94)和再血管化指数相似;手术后呼吸支持时间、胸腔引流量和输血量OPCAB组明显少于CCABG组(P<0.05,P<0.01);OPCAB组呼吸功能不全和肾功能异常发生率低于CCABG(P均<0.05);两组围手术期心肌梗死、脑卒中、房颤发生率和手术病死率无统计学差异。结论:对比研究结果显示,OPCAB可用于冠状动脉三支血管病变,能达到与常规CCABG相似的完全性再血     

冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗重症冠心病25例临床分析

目的总结本科1999年6月~2006年12月行重症冠心病患者施行CABG 25例临床经验。方法25例患者中合并陈旧性心肌梗死6例,急性心肌梗死5例,合并二尖瓣和/或主动脉瓣病变5例,心肌梗死后巨大室壁瘤2例,左室功能重度减退(EF<30%)6例。20例在中低温体外循环(CPB)下进行CABG手术,同时行瓣膜置换术5例。5例在非CPB下进行搭桥。结果本组术后早期死亡3例,其中围手术期心肌梗死2例,胸骨哆开后呼吸功能衰竭1例。另并发肺部感染4例,经积极抗感染,加强营养支持后好转。术后静脉桥分支出血心包填塞1例,二次手术止血后好转。结论要提高重症患者的CABG手术的成功率,必须重视术前合并症的处理,术中加强心肌的保护,无合并其他心内手术者,尽可能行OPCABG,要选择适宜的血管移植材料,重视吻合技巧的训练。     

非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥术后新发房颤的影响因素分析

目的:分析非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥(OPCABG)术后新发房颤的影响因素。方法:选取2019年1月—2019年8月择期行OPCABG术患者209例,术后住院期间确诊新发房颤患者36例（新发房颤组）,未新发房颤患者173例（非房颤组）。比较两组患者的临床资料,进一步采用Logistic回归分析OPCABG术后新发房颤的影响因素。结果:新发房颤组右冠状动脉近段狭窄≥75%的比例、主动脉内球囊反搏（IABP）辅助率明显高于非房颤组（均P<0.05）;两组间其他临床资料差异均没有统计学意义（均P>0.05）;采用Logistic回归分析:右冠状动脉近段狭窄≥75%（OR=3.999,95%CI:2.072～19.753,P<0.00１）,IABP辅助率（OR=6.397,95%CI:2.072～19.753,P<0.001）是OPCABG术后新发房颤的影响因素。结论:右冠状动脉近段狭窄≥75%,围术期需要IABP辅助是OPCABG患者术后新发房颤的影响因素。     

冠脉搭桥术围术期心肌损伤相关指标和血小板活化研究

目的:探讨非体外循环冠脉搭桥术患者围术期心肌损伤相关指标和血小板活化的变化规律。方法:选取2011年5月～2012年6月进行体外循环冠脉搭桥术治疗的27例患者为对照组,同期进行非体外循环冠脉搭桥术治疗的27例患者为观察组,后将两组患者肝素化前、术后即刻、术后2h及12h的血清心肌损伤、心功能相关指标及血小板活化指标进行比较。结果:观察组肝素化前至术后即刻、术后2h及12h的血清心肌损伤、心功能相关指标及血小板活化指标波动幅度均小于对照组(P均<0.05),有显著性差异。结论:非体外循环冠脉搭桥术对患者围术期的心肌损伤和血小板活化指标不良影响更小。     

Preliminary results of combined carotid endarterectomy and off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with coexistent carotid and coronary artery diseases

Background Coexistent carotid and coronary artery diseases are common and patients with them remain at a high risk for perioperative stroke or myocardial infarction after coronary bypass surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of combined carotid endarterectomy （CEA） and off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting （CABG） in patients with coexistent carotid and coronary artery diseases. Methods Between January 2002 and December 2007, consecutive patients with coexistent carotid and coronary artery diseases underwent one-stage unilateral CEA and off-pump CABG in Heart Institute of Nanjing First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University. Perioperative complications were assessed and follow-up was carried out. Results A total of 51 cases of isolated off-pump CABG and unilateral CEA, including 34 right and 17 left, were performed. The mean blocked time of carotid artery in CEA was （25.5_±7.0） minutes. The mean number of distal grafts per patient was 3.30±0.45. The mean ventilation time, intensive care unit stay, and postoperative hospital stay was （11.3±5.4） hours, （2.1±0.9） days, and （12.5±6.1） days respectively. None of the patients had stroke or myocardial infarct. There was one perioperative death due to acute cardiac failure, resulting in an operative mortality of 1.96%. Follow-up was completed for 47 patients （92.16%） with a mean follow-up of （39.5±12.5） months. None of the patients manifested stroke, new angina or newly developed cardiac infarct. No late death occurred. Conclusion Combined CEA and off-pump CABG is a safe and effective procedure in selected patients with coexistent carotid and coronary artery diseases.     

冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗冠心病25例

目的 :回顾冠状动脉旁路移植术 ( CABG)治疗冠心病的早期效果和经验。方法 :2 5例冠心病病人92 %为多支冠状动脉病变。 1 0例左室射血分数 ( EF)≤ 45 % ,其中 4例 <30 %。所有患者均有心绞痛症状 ,CCS ～ 级。 1 0例在非体外循环、心脏不停跳下手术 ,余为低温体外循环 ( CPB)下手术。 1 4例采用左乳内动脉与左前降支搭桥 ,余均为大隐静脉桥 ,人均搭桥 3.0 8支。同期行激光心肌血管重建术 ( TMLR) 3例。结果 :2 5例 CABG临床效果良好 ,无手术死亡。术后 96%的患者心绞痛症状完全消失。结论 :CABG是一种治疗冠心病安全和有效的方法 ,近期临床效果满意。     

主动脉内球囊反搏在急诊冠脉搭桥术中的应用

目的：总结主动脉内球囊反搏(LABP)在急诊冠状动脉旁路移植术(eCABG)中应用的临床经验．探讨此类手术应用IABP的时机选择和适应证。方法：总结了2002年3月至2004年3月,12例冠心病患者在IABP支持下。实施急诊冠状动脉旁路移植术的情况。其中2例心肺复苏成功后置入IABP,1例在甲状腺手术后诱发心肌梗塞置入IABP,6例在行冠状动脉造影过程中出现急性冠状动脉综合症置入IABP,3例在手术中置入IABP辅助撤除体外循环。结果：1例术后5天撤除IABP,次日出现严重心律失常死亡;其余11例均在术后3～6d撤除IABP,恢复良好,痊愈出院。结论：急诊冠状动脉旁路移植术风险较大,特别是严重的低心排导致手术效果更加不确定,在术前、术中应用IABP可以有效地改善心功能,提高手术成功率。     

两种冠状动脉旁路移植术的临床效果及餐后血压和心率的比较

为了比较非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术(OCABG)和体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)术后患者的临床疗效及餐后血压和心率,回顾分析行冠状动脉旁路移植术患者181例的临床资料,其中,106例为非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术患者(OCABG组),75例为体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术患者(CABG组)。结果显示,与CABG组比较,OCABG组总有效率显著增高(82.67% vs 95.28%); 与餐前相比,两组收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)和心率(HR)在餐后均有不同程度变化。结果说明,采用非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗冠心病的临床效果更加显著,有利于维持患者餐后血压及心率的稳定。     

Myocardial revascularization by off pump coronary bypass surgery (OPCABG): a ten year review

BACKGROUND: The use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) may contribute to post-operative complications and organ dysfunction. Off pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) avoids the use of CPB and hence is proposed to reduce these complications. We present the results of OPCABG in Northern Ireland over ten years. METHODS: Data was collected retrospectively from 1995 to 2005. Follow-up was done by telephonic questionnaire and from medical records within a closing interval of two months. RESULTS: 324 patients (224 male) underwent OPCABG with a median age of 62 years (range 35 to 79 years). There were 149 patients with CCS class III/IV angina and 48 with NYHA class III/IV. 148 patients had suffered a myocardial infarction in the past. 36 patients had a pre-operative predictive mortality score (EuroSCORE) of >5 and 48 patients had a preoperative LVEF of <30%. 585 bypass grafts were constructed (LAD=260, Diagonal=27, LCX/OM=123, RCA/PDA=103, RCA/PLV=72). Four patients needed to be converted from OPCABG to CPB on table. Another four patients needed re-operation due to graft related problems in the post-operative period and 6 needed post-operative Intra-aortic Balloon Pump (IABP) support. Post-operative complications included 3 TIAs, 1 complete stroke, 9 patients with renal failure and 51 patients developed atrial fibrillation post operatively. There was one peri-operative death due to pulmonary edema. Ninety percent of patients were in CCS angina class I/II and NYHA class I/II post-operatively. Forty one patients developed significant recurrence of angina requiring medical management, with 7 patients needing PCI/stenting. At the time of follow-up (median 5 years, range 3 months to 10 years) 9 patients had died. CONCLUSIONS: Off pump coronary artery bypass (OPCABG) can be achieved with a low mortality and good medium to long term survival. OPCABG is associated with fewer post-op complications and comparable late coronary interventions.     

间断温血灌注心肌保护下冠状动脉搭桥术

目的 观察体外循环间断温血灌注心肌保护下冠状动脉搭桥手术治疗冠心病的结果及安全性。方法 对482例完成体外循环下冠状动脉搭桥术的手术方法、并发症、死亡原因以及围手术期的治疗情况进行分析。结果 医院内死亡10例(2％)。随访3～72个月，疗效满意。结论 间断温血灌注心肌保护下的冠状动脉搭桥手术是安全可靠的。     

Is the use of cardiopulmonary bypass for isolated coronary artery bypass an independent predictor of mortality and morbidity in patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction?

Background Patients presenting with severe left ventricular dysfunction （SLVD） undergoing conventional coronary artery bypass grafting （CCABG） are at an increased risk of perioperative mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to assess the risk factors responsible for mortality and morbidity among patients with SLVD by comparing CCABG and oft-pump coronary artery bypass surgery （OPCAB）.
Methods We retrospectively evaluated 186 consecutive patients with SLVD who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting （CABG）, including 102 by CCABG and 84 by OPCAB. Registry database, medical notes, and charts were studied for preoperative and postoperative data of the patients. Different variables and risk factors （preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative） were evaluated and compared. The morbidity and mortality outcomes were compared in the two groups. The follow-up results and quality of life were assessed after surgery.
Results The two groups had similar percentage of patients with preoperative high-risk profiles and no significant differences were found between groups in baseline variables such as age or comorbidities. There was a significant difference in the number of grafts used between the two groups. CCABG patients received （3.6±0.5） grafts per patient, while OPCAB patients had （2.7±0.6） grafts （P 〈0.05）. Completeness of revascularization was also significantly different between the two groups （CCABG 91.1% vs OPCAB 73.8%, P 〈0.05）. The hospital mortality was similar in the two groups （4.8% in OPCAB vs 5.9% in CCABG）. The risk-adjusted mortality, according to the calculated propensity score, did not reach statistical significance in the two groups. In this study, OPCAB seemed to have a beneficial effect on reducing reoperation for bleeding, blood transfusion requirement, and the length of stay at ICU. But the incidence of perioperative myocardial infarction was more common in the off-pump group （P 〈0.05）. The degree of improvement in angina and qual     

Off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass surgery for the treatment of left main with triple coronary artery disease

Objective:To obtain early results of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting(OPCAB) in patients with significant left main coro- nary artery(LMCA) and triple vessels stenosis by comparing with those of a similar group undergoing conventional coronary artery bypass surgery(CCAB). Methods:Data for patients with significant LMCA and triple vessels stenosis who underwent CCAB or OPCAB were collected retrospectively between January 1999 and May 2006. Non-randomized, retrospective data analysis included demo- graphic and preoperative risk factors, operative details, clinical outcome and early follow-up. Results: The number of distal anastomo- sis and grafts varied from 3 to 6. The average number per patient was similar in the two groups (OPCAB group:3.76± 0.98, CCAB group:3.81± 1.02). Thirty-day mortality occurred to one patient in the OPCAB group whereas two early deaths were observed in the CCAB group but did not reach statistical significance (P > 0.05). The frequency of atrial fibrillation (AF), IABP usage, mediastinitis, re-operation for bleeding (or tamponade) were similar in the two groups (P > 0.05). Postoperative inotropic requirements, peak CK- MB, ventilation time, blood loss, FFP, RBC transfusion need and the length of ICU-stay were all significantly lower in the OPCAB group compared with CCAB group(P < 0.05).Conclusion: Significant LMCA and triple-vessel stenosis can safely and effectively undergo myocardial revascularization using OPCAB surgery. LMCA should no longer be seen as a contraindication to perform OPCAB grafting.     

不阻断主动脉冠状动脉搭桥术疗效分析

目的报道 10例不阻断升主动脉的冠状动脉搭桥术的疗效。　方法体外循环低温室颤冠脉搭桥术2例 ;非体外循环冠脉搭桥术 8例。其中三支病变 8例 ;双支和单支病变各 1例。前降支 10例 ,回旋支 6例 ,后降支 2例 ,左主干开口 2例 ,右冠脉 7例。移植血管 :左乳内动脉 7支 ;大隐静脉 2 0支。　结果　术后 1例死于慢性左心衰 ,9例存活 ,心绞痛消失。结论不阻断升主动脉的冠脉搭桥术创伤轻 ,死亡率低 ,并发症少 ,费用低 ,尤其非体外循环冠脉搭桥术更具优越性