动力髋螺钉治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的临床疗效观察

目的：分析动力髋螺钉治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的临床疗效。方法选取76例股骨粗隆间骨折患者,随机分为对照组与观察组各38例,对照组给予支架外固定治疗,观察组给予动力髋螺钉内固定治疗,对两组患者治疗效果进行分析。结果观察组骨折愈合时间显著短于对照组,治疗总优良率显著高于对照组（P ＜0.05）。结论动力髋螺钉内固定治疗股骨粗隆间骨折效果显著,值得在临床中推广。     

动力髋螺钉治疗不同类型老年股骨转子间骨折

目的探讨动力髋螺钉(DHS)治疗不同类型老年股骨转子间骨折的临床疗效。方法对115例老年股骨转子间骨折患者采用DHS治疗,记录术中失血量、手术时间、术后引流量;对术后双侧髋关节功能进行Harris评分。结果患者均获随访,时间12~30(22.68±6.62)个月。不同骨折类型间在术中失血量、手术时间及术后引流量方面差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。末次随访时患侧髋关节功能Harris评分与健侧比较:Tronzo-EvansⅠ~Ⅲ型骨折差异无统计学意义(P0.05),而Tronzo-EvansⅣ型骨折差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 DHS操作简单,费用相对较低,应用于老年人Tronzo-EvansⅠ~Ⅲ型股骨转子间骨折治疗效果较好,适合广泛应用;但应用于Tronzo-EvansⅣ型骨折疗效不确切,应慎重选择。     

动力髋螺钉内固定治疗高龄股骨粗隆间骨折

目的: 观察AO动力髋螺钉 (DHS) 治疗高龄股骨粗隆间骨折的疗效。方法:对使用DHS内固定治疗的 65例股骨粗隆间骨折的分类、手术方法、术后结果进行疗效分析。结果: 所有病例术后随访骨折均愈合, 髋关节功能优良率达 97%。结论: 动力髋螺钉内固定治疗高龄股骨粗隆间骨折疗效优良。只要操作规范、功能锻炼正确、负重时间掌握适当, 就可以减少各种并发症, 降低病残率。     

动力髋螺钉治疗股骨转子间骨折

目的 评价动力髋螺钉(DHS)治疗股骨转子间骨折的临床效果。方法 1996年3月～2002年3月用DHS共治疗患者29例．骨折按Evans分型，本组Evans ⅠA2例，Evans ⅠB 10例，Evans ⅡA 3例，Evanslib12例，Evans Ⅲ2例．结果 29例患者均获随访，随访12～48个月，平均26个月，根据Harris髋关节评分：优16例，良9例，中3例，差1例。结论 如能及时手术良好复位，DHS是治疗股骨转子间骨折的较好选择。     

Treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in geriatric patients with a modified external fixator

Forty-two geriatric patients who had an intertrochanteric fracture were treated with a semicircular modification of the Ilizarov frame designed by Cattaneo and Catagni between January 1997 and September 2001. Twenty-five of the patients were female, 17 male. The average age of the patients was 77.5 years (range, 63-99). No intraoperative complication occurred. Deep pin-track infection was found in four patients and varus deformity was observed in two patients and shortening of less than 2 cm in 10 patients. Fixator removal was achieved in a mean time of 12 weeks (range, 10-18). No implant failure, refracture or stiffness of knee and hip joint movements was recorded. We concluded that the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures of the elderly patients with our modification provides significant advantages such as minimal operative and anaesthetic risks, no blood loss, early weight-bearing, short hospitalisation time and rapid union time.     

Outcomes of minimally invasive osteosynthesis of intertrochanteric fractures with dynamic hip screw: A prospective case series

BackgroundIntertrochanteric fractures are a public health concern, especially in geriatric patients. Early surgical management is crucial to allow early mobilization, which helps reduce the disability and increase patients' survival. In this article, we report the outcomes of minimally invasive osteosynthesis of intertrochanteric fractures with dynamic hip screw (DHS).MethodsThe present study was a prospective case series of patients who had intertrochanteric fractures treated with minimally invasive DHS technique. Postoperative patient satisfaction rate was evaluated using the visual analog scale (VAS) of pain. Functional outcomes were evaluated using the Harris hip score (HHS) and the Merle-d'Aubigne-Postel (MDP) scoring system at 12 months of follow-up. Satisfactory results were considered with HHS of ≥80 points and MDP scores of ≥15. Postoperative complications were noted.ResultsIn this study, 70 patients were included, 41 (58.6%) males and 29 (41.4%) females, with an average age of 69.3 ± 8.3 years. The mean length of hospital stay was 2.1 ± 0.9 days. The average follow-up period was 23.9 ± 7.1 months. The mean time to radiological union was 16.8 ± 1.9 weeks. The mean postoperative VAS score for pain was 2.5 ± 1.1. The mean HHS was 87.1 ± 4.7 points and the mean MDP score was 15.6 ± 2.3 at 12 months follow-up. An average of 10.6 ± 2.9 weeks was required for full weight bearing.ConclusionThe minimally invasive DHS technique effectively treats intertrochanteric fractures with minimal incision, less bleeding, shorter operative time, early discharge from hospital, faster rehabilitation, and favorable functional outcomes.     

动力髋螺钉治疗老年股骨转子间骨折

2004年2月-2007年2月，我院采用动力髋螺钉（DHS）内固定治疗股骨转子间骨折58例，取得良好效果。 1材料与方法1．1病例资料本组58例，男38例，女20例，年龄40～85岁。左侧40例，右侧18例。按Evans分类，Ⅰ型6例，Ⅱ型16例，Ⅲ型26例，Ⅳ型10例。合并糖尿病5例，高血压7例，冠心病2例，慢性支气管炎4例，合并2种以上疾病5例。     

动力髋螺钉内固定治疗股骨转子间骨折

目的探讨动力髋螺钉（DHS）治疗股骨转子间骨折的方法及疗效。方法采用DHS治疗105例股骨转子间骨折患者。结果患者均获得随访,时间15～36个月,100例骨折愈合,时间15～20（16±2.3）周,关节功能恢复良好。参照黄公怡等方法进行评定：优84例,良11例,可5例,差5例。2例Ⅲ型、3例Ⅳ型骨折者发生钢板螺钉松动,改行骨水泥型人工股骨头置换治疗。结论严格掌握DHS手术适应证,规范化操作,提高手术技巧,DHS是治疗股骨转子间骨折的有效方法。     

导航下与传统方法应用动力髋螺钉治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的疗效比较

目的 比较导航下与传统方法应用动力髋螺钉(DHS)内固定治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的疗效.方法 回顾性分析2005年4月至2007年4月期间接受导航下与传统方法应用DHS治疗且具有完整资料的56例老年股骨转子问骨折患者资料.导航下DHS内固定组(导航组)25例,骨折按Evans分型:Ⅰ型14例,Ⅱ犁11例.传统DHS内固定组(传统组)31例,骨折按Evans分型:Ⅰ型16例,Ⅱ型15例.比较两纽患者的切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、术后卧床时间、X线暴露时间、内科并发症、3个月内骨折愈合率、内置物并发症及术后1年关节功能状况等.结果 与传统绀比较,导航组切口小、术中出血少,X线暴露时间少、术后卧床时间短及3个月内骨折愈合牢较高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).导航组23例患者术后获11～20个月(平均14个月)随访,2例火访.传统组30例患者术后获14～23个月(平均18个月)随访,1例因心血管意外而于1年内死亡.术后1年髋火节功能Harris评分:导航组(91.3%)优于传统组(73.3%),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).导航组术后3例发生内科并发症,1例发生内置物并发症;传统组术后9例发生内科并发症,5例发生内置物并发症,两组间的并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 与传统DHS内固定治疗老年股骨转子间骨折比较,导航下DHS内固定具有切口小、术中出血量少、术后卧床时间短、骨折愈合快及术后髋关节功能恢复好等优点,值得在临床推广.     

防旋股骨近端髓内钉与动力髋螺钉治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折疗效比较

目的比较防旋股骨近端髓内钉(proximal femoral nail antirotation,PFNA)与动力髋螺钉(dynamic hipscrew,DHS)固定治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折的疗效。方法 2007年5月-2010年5月,收治63例老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者。根据内固定方法不同将患者分为两组,其中31例采用PFNA内固定(PFNA组),32例采用DHS内固定(DHS组)。两组患者性别、年龄、致伤原因、病程及骨折类型等一般资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。结果术后两组切口均Ⅰ期愈合。PFNA组切口长度、手术时间及术中出血量均显著少于DHS组(P<0.05)。患者术后均获随访,PFNA组平均随访时间13.6个月,DHS组平均13.8个月。两组骨折均愈合,其中PFNA组骨折愈合时间为(11.80±1.32)周,早于DHS组的(12.21±1.26)周,但差异无统计学意义(t=1.23,P=0.29)。PFNA组并发症发生率为0,DHS组为12.5%(4/32),但差异无统计学意义(P=0.06)。术后1年PFNA组Harris髋关节评分为(86.55±10.32)分,优于DHS组的(80.36±11.18)分(t=2.28,P=0.03)。结论 PFNA及DHS治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折各有优势,对于不稳定型骨折宜选用PFNA治疗。     

动力加压髋螺钉内固定治疗股骨转子间骨折

目的探讨动力加压髋螺钉（DHS）内固定治疗股骨转子间骨折的效果。方法采用DHS内固定治疗40例股骨转子间骨折患者。结果40例均获随访,时间6-20个月,骨折愈合时间14-20周,平均15周,关节功能恢复良好。按黄公怡等方法进行评定,优23例,良17例。结论DHS系统治疗股骨转子间骨折,固定牢靠,可早期关节活动,缩短卧床和住院时间,疗效可靠。     

动力髋螺钉治疗老年人股骨粗隆间骨折的手术风险及疗效

[目的] 探讨动力髋螺钉治疗老年人股骨粗隆间骨折的手术并发症，并评价其疗效。[方法] 对采用AO动力髋螺钉治疗的65岁以上老年人股骨粗隆间骨折的手术并发症进行统计学分析，并评价其随访疗效。[结果] 围手术期并发症发生率为17．2％。经过术后8～42个月（平均26．5个月）的随访，并发症发生率为16．4％，优良率为87．9％。[结论] 动力髋螺钉治疗老年人股骨粗隆间骨折可获得满意疗效，积极的围手术期处理是手术安全实施的必要条件。     

动力髋螺钉治疗股骨转子间骨折

2001～2004年,我院应用动力髋螺钉治疗股骨转子间骨折75例,取得满意效果。     

动力髋螺钉治疗股骨粗隆间骨折并发症原因分析及防治

目的：分析动力髋螺钉（DHS）治疗股骨粗隆间骨折并发症的原因,并提出防治措施。方法：对65例采用DHS治疗股骨粗隆间骨折患者中发生并发症13例进行临床总结,分析其发生的主要原因,提出相应的防治措施。其中男8例,女5例;年龄56～82岁,平均70.2岁。结果：13例并发症中,术中股骨近端外侧皮质崩裂2例;术中髋螺钉穿破股骨头进入髋臼2例;髋内翻5例;股骨头坏死1例;切口感染3例,其中1例出现骨折不愈合。结论：导致并发症发生的主要原因有手术操作不规范,无菌操作不严格,骨折复位不理想,术后过早负重。预防措施主要有严格无菌操作,积极治疗内科疾病,规范手术操作,骨折尽量达到解剖复位,重视小粗隆及后内侧骨块的固定,术后合理进行功能锻炼。     

Percutaneous dynamic hip screw

We present the results of a technique of dynamic hip screw insertion through a very small incision, typically 2-2.5 cm. The technique is performed using a standard dynamic hip screw set and requires no additional equipment. We compared the results to those of an age and sex-matched group who had undergone the operation through a traditional approach. We compared the time spent in theatre, the pre- and post-operative haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit and prevalence of wound infection. Thirteen consecutive cases were performed by one surgeon using the percutaneous technique. There were nine females and four males with a mean age of 84 years (range 62-96 years). Each had a 135 degrees four-hole plate. The mean post-operative drop in haemoglobin concentration in the percutaneous group was 2.2 g/dl (range 0-4.4 g/dl) compared to 3.5 g/dl (range 1.2-5.4 g/dl) in the control group (p = 0.014). The mean haematocrit drop was 0.07 (range 0-0.12) in the percutaneous group compared to 0.10 (range 0.03-0.17) in the control group (p = 0.017). The mean theatre time with the percutaneous technique was 57 min (range 40-75 min) and in the control group, 60 min (range 30-95 min). There were no wound problems. It is likely that this minimally invasive technique offers a better clinical outcome at no extra expense and warrants further evaluation in a larger study.     

应用动力髋部螺钉加拉力螺钉治疗股骨粗隆间骨折

目的根据股骨粗隆部骨折移位特点,探索动力髋部螺钉加拉力螺钉在股骨粗隆间骨折的应用价值。方法采用在动力髋部螺钉上方加1～2枚拉力螺钉的方法治疗股骨粗隆部骨折23例,对20例随访资料完整者分析并评定疗效。结果所有病例均骨性愈合,关节优良率90%。结论动力髋部螺钉加拉力螺钉治疗股骨粗隆部骨折操作简单,易达解剖复位,固定牢靠,抗旋转作用强。     

Dual lag screw cephalomedullary nail versus the classic sliding hip screw for the stabilization of intertrochanteric fractures. A prospective randomized study

This study is a randomized prospective study comparing two fracture fixation implants, the extramedullary sliding hip screw (SHS) and the dual lag screw cephalomedullary nail, in the treatment of intertrochanteric femoral fractures in the elderly. One hundred and sixty-five patients with low-energy intertrochanteric fractures, classified as AO/OTA 31A, were prospectively included during a 2-year period (2005–2006). Patients were randomized into two groups: group A included 79 hip fractures managed with sliding hip screws and group B included 86 fractures treated with cephalomedullary nails. Delay to surgery, duration of surgery, time of fluoroscopy, total hospital stay, implant-related complications, transfusion requirements, re-operation details, functional recovery, and mortality were recorded. The mean follow-up was 36 months (24–56 months). The mean surgical time was statistically significantly shorter and fluoroscopy time longer for the group B. No intraoperative femoral shaft fractures occurred. There was no statistically significant difference in the functional recovery score, reoperation, and mortality rates between the 2 groups. A new type of complication, the so-called Z-effect phenomenon, was noticed in the cephalomedullary nail group. There are no statistically significant differences between the two techniques in terms of type and rate of complications, functional outcome, reoperation and mortality rates when comparing the SHS and the cephalomedullary nail for low-energy AO/OTA 31A intertrochanteric fractures. Our data do not support recommendations for the use of one implant over the other.     

动力髋螺钉治疗老年股骨转子间骨折

2000年2月-2006年2月，我科应用动力髋螺钉（DHS）内固定治疗老年股骨转子间骨折82例，疗效满意。     

Intramedullary hip screw fixation of reverse oblique and transverse trochanteric femur fractures

Introduction  Reverse oblique and transverse trochanteric femur fractures (31A3) are relatively rare. They are associated with a high failure rate, particularly in cases where extramedullary implants are used. This study investigated a second-generation intramedullary nail in this specific fracture type. Methods  Flinders Medical Centre is a level 1 trauma centre and the largest user of the Intramedullary Hip Screw (IMHS, Smith and Nephew, Memphis, USA) in the Southern Hemisphere. Two hundred and forty-eight IMHS cases completed between September 2003 and August 2005 were retrospectively analysed. All fractures were classified using the AO/ASIF system (Muller et al., The comprehensive classification of fractures of the long bones, Springer, Berlin, 1990) and 31A3.1, 2, 3 fractures were selected. The case notes and radiology were reviewed over a 1-year follow-up. Results  Twenty-six cases were classified as 31A3 fractures. Thirty-eight percent of the cases received a long stem IMHS. Mean patient age was 81.9 years with a 1-year mortality of 11.5%. Two of the 26 cases (7.7%) had surgical complications, including one cut-out (associated with a tip-apex distance of 40.9 mm) and one loss of reduction. Both cases required re-operation. There were no femoral shaft fractures or non-unions in this series. Conclusions  This second-generation intramedullary implant, the IMHS, performed well in this often difficult to fix fracture. The complication rate is considerably less than the rate published for extramedullary implants and is comparable to previous studies using a range of intramedullary techniques.