核转录因子-κB与肾间质纤维化

核转录因子-κB是一种具有多向性调节作用的核转录因子,参与了许多肾脏疾病发生发展过程。肾间质纤维化是各种慢性肾脏疾病进展到终末期肾衰竭的共同通路,NF-κB通过对小管上皮细胞、间质炎症、各种炎症细胞因子等方面参与肾纤维化过程。本文从上述各方面综述了近年来NF-κB在肾纤维化方面的研究进展。     

糖尿病与核转录因子NF-κB

核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)作为一种转录调节因子在体内各组织细胞中广泛存在，调控多种细胞因子和炎性介质的基因表达，调节免疫反应，与多种疾病的发生发展密切相关。了解其生物学特点，与肾脏病的关系。特别是近年来在糖尿病及糖尿病肾病发病中的作用，有助于该病的防治。     

糖尿病与核转录因子NF-κB

核转录因子 κB (NF κB)作为一种转录调节因子在体内各组织细胞中广泛存在 ,调控多种细胞因子和炎性介质的基因表达 ,调节免疫反应 ,与多种疾病的发生发展密切相关。了解其生物学特点 ,与肾脏病的关系 ,特别是近年来在糖尿病及糖尿病肾病发病中的作用 ,有助于该病的防治。     

胃癌组织中核转录因子-κB表达与意义

核转录因子-κB（NF-κB）是一种转录因子、调节许多基因的表达。我们通过免疫组织化学检测了53例胃癌及18例正常胃组织中NF-κB的表达及分析其与胃癌生物学行为的关系。     

核因子-κB与乳腺癌的研究进展（文献综述）

核因子-κB(NF-κB)在乳腺癌中异常激活，同时持续激活的NF-κB和乳腺癌的浸润与转移有关，NF-κB是雌激素受体阴性乳腺癌的一个潜在治疗靶点。     

核转录因子-κB与肾脏疾病

NF-κB是细胞内一个具有多向性调节作用的核转录因子 ,在细胞因子诱导的基因表达中起关键性的调控作用。多种不同的刺激信号可激活核转录因子参与细胞生长、分化、粘附、凋亡及炎症反应。本篇NF κB的性质及其与肾脏疾病的关系作一综述。     

核因子-κB受体活化因子配体与骨转移瘤

正核因子-κB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)是肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)受体超家族成员,它通过结合核因子-κB受体活化因子(RANK)介导破骨细胞的成熟和功能。因为骨骼的表面面积相对较大,其微观环境又有益于肿瘤生长,所以骨骼是实体肿瘤(如乳腺癌、前列腺癌和肺癌)转移最常见的部位。骨转移瘤患者中,破骨细胞活性过度增强,导致骨质破坏和流失,从而造成骨骼癌源性疼痛和一系列骨相关事件(SREs),如病理性骨折、高钙血症、脊髓     

BMS-345541通过抑制IκB激酶/核因子-κB信号通路诱导人脑胶质瘤细胞凋亡

目的 观察IκB激酶(IKK)高度选择性抑制剂BMS-345541对胶质瘤细胞凋亡的影响及其机制.方法 不同浓度BMS-345541作用于人脑胶质瘤细胞株U87MG后,采用Annexin V-FITC/PI双标记法检测细胞凋亡,荧光素酶核因子-κB(NF-κB)报告基因法检测NF-κB活性,免疫印迹法检测bcl-2、Caspase-3和NF-κB胞核定位.结果 终质量浓度1、10、20 μmol/L BMS-345541作用U87MG细胞24 h后,细胞凋亡率分别为(18.2±2.2)%、(49.3±3.6)%、(73.3±8.9)%,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).BMS-345541处理U87MG细胞后,bcl-2蛋白表达减少、Caspase-3被激活;NF-κB转录启动子的活性下降(66.2±5.1)%(P＜0.01),NF-κB p65亚单位核移位被抑制.结论 BMS-345541可通过抑制IKK/NF-κB信号通路诱导人胶质瘤细胞凋亡.     

核转录因子-кB与肾间质纤维化

核转录因子-κB是一种具有多向性调节作用的核转录因子,参与了许多肾脏疾病发生发展过程.肾间质纤维化是各种慢性肾脏疾病进展到终末期肾衰竭的共同通路,NF-кB通过对小管上皮细胞、间质炎症、各种炎症细胞因子等方面参与肾纤维化过程.本文从上述各方面综述了近年来NF-κB在肾纤维化方面的研究进展.     

核转录因子(NF-κB)在慢性前列腺炎中的作用

核因子kappaB(nuclear factor kappaB,NF-kB)具有多中心调控作用,在细胞凋亡、肿瘤、炎症反应中均起关键性调节作用.NF-kB参与调控多种细胞因子并参与细胞信号转导.NF-kB在炎症反应中的作用研究不断深入.慢性前列腺炎的发病和多种细胞因子的表达有关,本文就NF-kB参与调控细胞因子的表达、细胞信号转导过程、调控转录起始因子及基因表达等在慢性前列腺炎中的作用做一综述.     

Live-donor liver transplantation for acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure

BACKGROUND: The survival results of patients demonstrating acute-on-chronic liver failure and undergoing live-donor liver transplantation (LDLT) have been reported to be poor. This study evaluates the survival outcomes of patients who underwent LDLT using right-lobe liver grafts for acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure. METHODS: The study comprised 32 patients who demonstrated acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure with mean (+/- standard error of mean) Model for End-Stage Liver Disease scores of 36+/-1.8. The mean preoperative intensive care unit stay was 2.4 days. LDLT using a right-lobe liver graft including the middle hepatic vein was performed in all patients. Oral lamivudine 100 mg daily was used for hepatitis B prophylaxis. RESULTS: The patients received liver grafts that were 52%+/-2% of the estimated standard liver weight. Hospital mortality occurred in two patients, and two other patients died on follow-up. At a median follow-up of 23 months, both patient and graft survival rates were 88%. The survival results were not different from those of 49 patients who underwent right-lobe LDLT for elective conditions during the same study period (graft survival=82%, P=0.55; patient survival=84%, P=0.75). Two (6.3%) patients developed hepatitis B virus DNA breakthrough 47 and 53 months, respectively, after transplantation, but they remained well after treatment with adefovir. CONCLUSION: Right-lobe LDLT is an effective therapeutic option for patients with acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure. It results in satisfactory survival outcomes comparable to those in patients undergoing LDLT for elective conditions.     

Hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses in liver transplantation

Liver transplantation (LT) for end-stage liver disease (ESLD) secondary to hepatitis viruses has evolved rapidly during the last two decades. ESLD secondary to hepatitis C virus (HCV) accounts for approximately 50% of LT in the United States and Europe. Despite the decrease in the number of new HCV infections, the prevalence of advanced HCV-related liver disease is steadily increasing. In light of the near universal recurrence of posttransplantation HCV infection and our limited ability to treat recurrent disease, transplantation is in danger of being overrun by viral hepatitis, unless effective strategies can be used to treat disease, expand the donor pool of available organs, and prevent disease recurrence.In the early 1980s, results of LT for chronic hepatitis B virus infection were hampered by recurrent infection and subsequent allograft failure. However, with the introduction of passive immunoprophylaxis with hepatitis B immunoglobulin and treatment with potent nucleoside analogs, there has been a resurgence of LT for hepatitis B virus-related ESLD.Despite the wide acceptance of LT as a therapy for ESLD, there is little consensus on the appropriate immunosuppressive regimens, and prophylactic and therapeutic treatments vary widely from one center to another. This review summarizes available data and highlights appropriate strategies to improve outcomes.     

Nuclear factor-kappa B and apoptosis inducing factor activation by doxorubicin analog WP744 in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells

BACKGROUND: Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the most common extracranial tumors in children. The chemotherapeutic doxorubicin (Dox) remains a mainstay for treatment. However, the emergence of drug resistance seriously limits treatment efficacy. Numerous Dox analogues have been designed to more potently kill drug naive as well as drug-resistant NB. We have shown that the Dox analogue WP744 has enhanced the killing activity of NB compared to Dox, but the mechanism(s) of action is unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MTT assays were used to characterize the relative potencies of Dox and WP744 against SH-SY5Y NB cells. Western blotting was used to assess activation of caspases-3, -9, anti-poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, p53, p21, AIF, IkappaBalpha, Bcl-2, Bcl-X(L), and cyclin D1. Nuclear factor (NF-kappaB) activation was assessed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. RESULTS: After WP744 treatment, enhanced apoptosis and cell death were seen, associated with cleavage of caspases-3, -9, and anti-poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, an increase in p53 protein levels, and the induction of p21. WP744 also induced translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor from mitochondria to nuclei. Most remarkably, WP744 was 50-fold more potent than Dox in activating NF-kappaB. WP744 treatment also resulted in the down-regulation of expression of downstream targets of NF-kappaB. CONCLUSIONS: WP744 is a novel Dox analogue that triggers apoptosis and cell killing by activation of proapoptotic mediators in NB cells. Enhanced cytotoxicity of this novel drug compared with Dox may be related to more effective activation of NF-kappaB and apoptosis-inducing factor in tumor cells.     

Treatment of hepatitis B reinfection after liver transplantation

Patients with chronic replicative hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection who undergo orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in the absence of prophylactic antiviral therapy have a high risk of graft reinfection. Serial monitoring of serum HBV DNA and HBV sequence analysis, especially of the polymerase and the "a" epitope of the surface antigen, may be a requisite diagnostic tool in order to provide optimal therapeutic management for inhibition of viral replication before and after OLT. Combination therapy with hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) and lamivudine has been widely adopted as an effective prophylactic treatment regimen against recurrent HBV disease. The major issue of concern has been the development of lamivudine resistance due to the emergence of mutations in the YMDD motif of the HBV DNA polymerase gene. Among newer antivirals, adefovir dipivoxil and entecavir have been demonstrated to be effective against both wild-type and lamivudine resistant mutants. Due to the availability of antiviral drugs, outcome of patient and graft survival has dramatically improved and has become similar or even better as compared to patients with non-HBV-related liver diseases.     

肝移植后乙型肝炎病毒再感染的检测

目的 检测乙型肝炎所致的终末期肝病患者肝移植前、后血清乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）DNA的含量，探讨HBV再感染的检测方法。方法 采用荧光定量聚合酶链反应（FQPCR）技术检测275例乙型肝炎所致终末期肝病患者肝移植前以及肝移植后1周、1个月、3个月的血清HBVDNA含量，同时采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA法）检测HBV标志物。结果 275例血清标本中，术前乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）、乙型肝炎核心抗体（抗-HBc）均为阳性；HBsAg、乙型肝炎e抗原（HBeAg）及抗-HBc阳性者的血清HBVDNA均为阳性；HBsAg、乙型肝炎e抗体（抗-HBe）及抗-HBc阳性者73．8％的血清HBV DNA阳性；HBsAg及抗-HBc阳性者67．6％的血清HBVDNA阳性。术后1周患者的HBsAg及HBVDNA均为阴性。术后1个月，69例HBsAg转为阳性，其中48例（69．6％）HBVDNA为阳性。术后3个月，137例HBsAg为阳性，其中104例（75．9％）HBVDNA为阳性。结论 乙型肝炎所致的终末期肝病患者肝移植后HBV的再感染率较高，应用FQPCR检测HBVDNA含量能更准确地反映体内HBV的复制情况，可与HBV标志物检测互补。