室性心动过速射频消融治疗的临床疗效观察

目的:观察导管射频消融治疗室性心动过速的疗效及安全性.方法:33例室性心动过速患者进行了电生理检查和射频消融治疗,特发性室性心动过速30例,致心律失常右室性心肌病3例.特发性室性心动过速采用起搏标测和(或)激动标测,致心律失常右室性心肌病采用Carto系统标测.平均随访28±17月,观察射频消融治疗效果及安全性.结果:①射频消融治疗即刻成功率90.9%(30/33),失败3例为特发性室性心动过速;远期成功率87.9%(29/33),复发1例为致心律失常右室性心肌病;②所有成功病例在消融过程中均有心室反应;③无任何并发症发生.结论:射频消融治疗室性心动过速的疗效及安全性高;消融过程中出现心室反应可能是成功的指标.     

右室流出道频发室性早搏射频消融治疗的临床疗效观察

目的 :观察导管射频消融治疗右室流出道频发室性早搏 (简称室早 )的疗效及安全性。方法 :选择右室流出道频发室早患者 32例 ,随机分为常规标测组 (16例 )和冠状窦电极标测组 (16例 ) ,按常规方法进行射频消融 ,平均随访 2 2± 14月 ,观察射频消融的即刻和远期成功率及安全性和临床症状改善情况 ,并比较常规标测组与冠状窦电极标测组标测时间。结果 :①射频消融即刻和远期成功率分别为 10 0 %、93.8% ,无 1例发生并发症 ;成功术后 ,由室早引起的症状消失。②冠状窦电极标测组标测时间明显少于常规标测组。结论 :右室流出道频发室早射频消融治疗成功率和安全性高 ;灵活应用常规导管引导标测可明显减少标测时间 ,亦即明显减少X射线的辐射能量。     

三维电磁标测系统在局灶性房性心动过速导管消融中的临床应用

目的:探讨三维电磁标测系统(CARTO)在局灶性房性心动过速射频消融治疗中的有效性和安全性。方法:共对42例症状明显、发作频繁、抗心律失常药物治疗无效的局灶性房性心动过速患者,进行了CARTO激动标测下导管射频消融术,消融终点为房性心动过速终止并且药物加程序电生理刺激均不再诱发。结果:42例患者中41例手术即刻成功(97.6%),消融成功靶点分布:肺静脉来源21例(50%),二尖瓣环周围5例(11.9%),左心耳2例(4.8%)、右心耳1例(2.4%),左心房顶部1例(2.4%)、左心房后侧壁2例(4.8%),希氏旁3例(7.1%)、高右房前壁2例(4.8%)、低右房侧壁1例(2.4%)、冠状窦口2例(4.8%)、右房后壁偏间隔2例(4.8%)。除了2例股静脉血肿外无其他手术并发症发生。随访(9.95±3.9)个月,累计无房性快速心律失常率为95.2%。结论:CARTO系统激动标测指导下的局灶性房速的标测和消融安全有效,成功率高。     

常规电生理标测射频导管消融术治疗局灶性右心房房性心动过速

目的观察常规电生理标测射频导管消融术(RFCA)治疗局灶性右心房房性心动过速(房速)的疗效及安全性。方法对16例右心房房速患者行RFCA治疗,所有患者均采用房速发作时激动顺序标测法确定心房最早激动点。结果房速消融成功率为87.5%(14/16),术中和术后无并发症发生,术后随访(2.5±2.1)年,仅1例复发。结论常规电生理标测RFCA治疗局灶性右心房房速安全、可行,成功率较高。     

三维标测指导下射频消融治疗儿童局灶性房速的评价

目的:观察三维标测(CARTO)指导下射频消融治疗儿童局灶性房性心动过速(FAT)的疗效,提高其安全性。方法:将116例经抗心律失常治疗无效的FAT患儿随机分为两组,每组58例,对照组在常规标测指导下,观察组在CARTO指导下行射频消融,比较两组治疗效果,随访6-12个月观察复发情况。结果:两组手术时间、复发率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组消融成功率100%,高于对照组的86.21%(P<0.05);观察组X线曝光时间为9.9±2.3min,短于对照组的21.3±8.6min(P<0.01);曝光量为27.5±4.3mG y1,小于对照组的84.9±10.5mG y1(P<0.05)。结论:采用CARTO标测儿童FAT,可准确快速地分析FAT机制,射频消融成功率及安全性较高。     

Carto XP/Cart03与常规标测指导下消融特发性右室流出道室性早搏的比较

目的 比较常规电生理标测与三维电解剖标测系统(Carto XP/Carto3)标测指导下行导管射频消融治疗特发性右室流出道室性早搏(right ventricular outflow tract premature ventricularcontraction,RVOT-PVC)的有效性和安全性.方法 分析2013年3月至2015年10月于我科进行射频消融治疗的144例室早病例:36例室早患者采用常规电生理标测指导下射频消融(常规组),108例室早采用Carto XP/Carto3标测指导下射频消融(Carto XP/Carto3组).从靶点标测、消融、术中X线曝光以及手术总耗时等时间方面对两种标测方法进行比较;检测两组术前及术后1d和3dC反应蛋白(C reactive protein,CRP)、血清肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(serum cardiac troponin Ⅰ,cTn Ⅰ)和磷酸肌酸激酶同工酶(creatine kinase-MB,CK-MB)的变化,观察随访疗效.结果 Carto XP/Carto3组在室早靶点标测、成功消融、X线曝光以及手术总时间方面均较常规电生理标测组明显缩短(P＜0.01),心肌损伤指标CRP、cTn Ⅰ和CK-MB均明显降低(P＜0.01);两组的即刻成功率分别为94.4％ (34/36)和100％ (108/108),差异有统计学意义;术后1个月随访时,常规组即刻成功的34例患者中有3例室早复发,Carto XP/Carto3组无复发病例.术后3个月时,两组均无新的复发病例.结论 Carto XP/Carto3标测指导的消融靶点定位更精准,手术安全性及有效性更好;常规电生理标测指导的射频消融仍具有较高成功率,手术费用相对便宜,为经济困难而又确实需要消融治疗的患者提供了一种可行的选择方案.     

房性心动过速的射频消融治疗及非接触球囊标测的作用

目的探讨房性心动过速临床和电生理特点及常规标测和非接触球囊标测射频消融治疗。方法对37例经电生理检查证实为房性心动过速的患者进行常规标测和非接触球囊标测下射频消融治疗，观察消融的成功率并进行随访观察其复发情况。结果37例房性心动过速35例经常规标测行射频消融成功30例，4例（其中2例经常规标测消融失败）经非接触球囊标测射频消融均成功，总的手术成功率为91．89％。随访（30．65±22．21）个月，2例复发，无严重并发症出现。结论射频消融治疗房性心动过速成功率高、并发症低，可作为房性心动过速的一线治疗，而非接触球囊标测则在一些特殊病例的消融中更具优势。     

Carto Univu三维电解剖标测指导阵发性室上性心动过速消融

目的：探讨Carto Univu三维电解剖标测指导阵发性室上性心动过速(paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, PSVT)射频消融的安全性和有效性。方法：前瞻性地纳入PSVT患者99例,根据指导手术的方式将其分入Carto Univu组 (51例)和二维X射线组(48例)。比较两组手术时间、曝光时间、曝光剂量、剂量与面积之积(dose area product,DAP)、 手术成功率及并发症发生率等指标。结果：两组在手术时间、放置导管曝光时间、放置导管DAP、放电次数、放电 功率和总放电时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Carto Univu组的标测消融曝光时间、总曝光时间、标测消融 DAP和总DAP较二维X射线组有明显减少(P<0.01)。在右侧旁道病例中,Carto Univu组的标测消融DAP和总DAP较二维 X射线组减少(P<0.05),在左侧旁道和房室结双径路中减少更为明显(P<0.01)。Carto Univu组有7例在标测消融时达到 “零射线”,其中5例为房室结双径路。两组即刻成功率均为100%,随访3~12个月,Carto Univu组无复发,二维X射 线组有3例疑似复发,均未出现并发症。结论：Carto Univu三维电解剖标测可安全有效地指导PSVT射频消融,减少医 患双方辐射暴露,尤其适用于房室结双径路,甚至可达到“零射线”,可作为指导房室结双径路消融的首选方法。     

三维电解剖标测与常规标测指导射频消融治疗特发性右室流出道室早的比较

目的 比较CARTO(三维电解剖标测)与常规电生理标测指导下对特发性右室流出道室性早搏(简称室早)导管射频消融的有效性和安全性.方法 122例特发性右室流出道室早患者,其中常规电生理标测消融89例,CARTO指导消融33例,比较两组靶点标测时间、消融时间、X线曝光时间、手术总时间,随访观察疗效及并发症.结果 两组即刻成功率分别为91.0%(81/89),93.9%(31/33),术中无并发症发生.随访(32±12)个月,常规标测组复发7例(7.9%),CARTO标测组无复发.与常规电生理标测比较,CARTO标测组靶点标测时间、X线曝光时间、手术总时间均明显缩短.结论 导管射频消融治疗症状严重且药物治疗无效的特发性右室流出道室性心动过速或频发室性期前收缩是安全、有效、可行的方法.CARTO指导射频消融相对常规消融方法手术成功率有明显提高,能显著减少X线曝光时间,但花费较高.     

三维标测系统Carto指导下消融特发性室性心动过速

目的:评价Carto三维标测系统在标测、消融特发性室性心动过速(VT)中的应用价值.方法:15例特发性VT患者,程序刺激诱发VT后,采用Carto指导下激动顺序标测和(或)起搏标测,冷盐水灌注导管进行消融.观察消融即刻成功率、手术时间、消融时间和X线曝光时间以及并发症情况.通过随访评价导管消融后的远期疗效.结果:15例患者均完成Carto指导下电解剖重建,11例为特发性流出道VT,4例为左室特发性VT.消融放电(4.2±1.1)次VT终止,累计放电时间(205.0±13.4)s;手术时间(3.50±0.85)h,X线曝光时间(15.0±7.9)min.所有患者术中即刻均达到消融终点,平均随访6个月,无VT复发.结论:Carto指导下标测、消融能有效治疗特发性VT,同时消融手术时间缩短,远期疗效好.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.