多种肿瘤标志物对肺癌转移的检测及预后评估

目的:探讨多种肿瘤标志物联合检测在肺癌转移及预后判断中的应用价值.方法:采用多种肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片技术测定117例肺癌患者血清中12种肿瘤标志物(AFP、NSE、CEA、CA125、CA199、CA242、Cal 53、ferritin、free-PSA、PSA、及HCG)的水平.其中转移组88例,未转移组29例,并对其预后进行了随访.结果:转移组的阳性率为67.1%(59/88),显著高于未转移组27.6%(8/29)(P=0.0002);2年随访发现:肿瘤标志物阳性患者死亡率为95.31%(61/64),显著高于阴性组55.56%(25/45)(P=0.0000).结论:多种肿瘤标志物联合检测可以作为临床判断肺癌转移的指标,对预后评估具有一定指导意义.     

多种肿瘤标志物对肺癌转移的检测及预后评估

目的：探讨多种肿瘤标志物联合检测在肺癌转移及预后判断中的应用价值.方法：采用多种肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片技术测定117例肺癌患者血清中12种肿瘤标志物（AFP、NSE、CEA、CA125、CA199、CA242、Cal 53、ferritin、free-PSA、PSA、及HCG）的水平.其中转移组88例,未转移组29例,并对其预后进行了随访.结果：转移组的阳性率为67.1%（59/88）,显著高于未转移组27.6%（8/29）（P=0.0002）;2年随访发现：肿瘤标志物阳性患者死亡率为95.31%（61/64）,显著高于阴性组55.56%（25/45）（P=0.0000）.结论：多种肿瘤标志物联合检测可以作为临床判断肺癌转移的指标,对预后评估具有一定指导意义.     

多种肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测系统(C-12)对老年肺癌转移诊断的临床价值研究

目的:利用多种肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测系统(C-12)检测老年肺癌患者各项肿瘤标志物的水平,并探讨C-12对老年肺癌患者是否发生转移的临床监测价值。方法:利用多种肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测系统检测年龄50岁以上的正常对照组(n=31)、肺部良性疾病组(n=23)、肺癌未转移组(n=24)以及肺癌转移组(n=33)血清12种肿瘤标志物水平并计算阳性率。结果:肺癌未转移组血清CA19-9、CEA、CA242、AFP、CA125和CA15-3的水平明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05),而肺癌转移组血清CA19-9、NSE、CEA、CA242、Fe蛋白、β-HCG、AFP、CA125、HGH和CA15-3这10项肿瘤标志物水平均显著高于正常对照组(P<0.05)。肺癌转移组与肺癌未转移组相比,CA19-9、CEA、CA242、Fe蛋白、CA15-3这5项肿瘤标志物水平和阳性率均明显升高(P<0.05)。结论:联合检测血清CA19-9、CEA、CA242、Fe蛋白、CA15-3的水平可以作为老年肺癌患者发生转移的辅助诊断指标。     

动态对比增强磁共振成像联合血清肿瘤标志物检测对肝细胞肝癌术后患者肿瘤转移诊断效能的影响

目的探讨动态对比增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)联合血清甲胎蛋白异质体(AFPL3%)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原199(CA199)和CA125水平检测对肝细胞肝癌术后患者肿瘤转移诊断效能的影响。方法选取2013年1月至2016年2月间重庆市开州区人民医院收治的91例肝细胞肝癌术后患者为研究组,经术后病理检查确诊肿瘤转移17例,未转移74例。另选取同期46例肝脏良性病变患者为对照组,均行DCE-MRI及血清AFP-L3%、CA199、CEA和CA125水平检测。比较两组患者血清AFP-L3%、CA199、CEA和CA125水平及DCE-MRI参数[肝动脉灌注指数(HPI)、血管容积分数(Vp)、外容积分数(Ve)],对比单一检测及联合检测患者肿瘤转移结果。结果研究组患者血清AFP-L3%、CA199、CEA和CA125水平均高于对照组,肿瘤转移患者血清AFP-L3%、CA199、CEA和CA125水平高于未转移患者,肿瘤转移患者HPI和Vp低于未转移患者,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。DCE-MRI与血清AFP-L3%、CA199、CEA和CA125水平联合检测肝细胞肝癌术后患者肿瘤转移特异度为98.6%(73/74),灵敏度为94.1%(16/17),准确度为97.8%(89/91),均高于单一检测,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 DCE-MRI与血清AFP-L3%、CA199、CEA和CA125水平联合检测,可明显提高肿瘤转移诊断特异度、灵敏度和准确度。     

多种肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测系统对消化道肿瘤的诊断价值

目的:探讨多种肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测系统对消化道肿瘤的诊断价值.方法:用该检测系统测定分析113例消化道恶性肿瘤患者,48例消化道良性疾病患者和145例健康对照者血清中12种常见肿瘤标志物(CA199、NSE、CEA、CA242、CA125、CA153、AFP、ferrtin、free-PSA、PSA、β-HCG及HGH)的水平.结果:消化道恶性肿瘤组的阳性率为78.76%,显著高于良性疾病组(45.83%)和健康对照组(28.97%)(P＜0.05).除胰腺癌之外,联合检测对食管癌、胃癌及结直肠癌的阳性率均显著高于单一标志物检测(P＜0.05).联合检测对临床Ⅰ、Ⅱ期消化道恶性肿瘤的阳性率为50.00%.结论:多种肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测系统可以显著提高消化道恶性肿瘤诊断的敏感性.由于该法特异性及阳性预测值偏低,所以更适合无明显症状的门诊患者和消化道恶性肿瘤高危人群的筛查.     

腔内超声联合糖链抗原检测对肠道黏膜下肿瘤患者的随访价值

目的探讨腔内超声联合糖链抗原CA19-9、CA125、CA72-4及CA242检测对肠道黏膜下肿瘤患者的随访价值。方法选取2013年1月至2016年2月间在四川省德阳市人民医院随访的174例肠道黏膜下肿瘤患者,分别于术前、术后2年内每隔3个月及术后2年后每隔半年时进行糖链抗原检查,采用电化学发光自动免疫分析法检测患者血清标志物,对于血清标志物阳性或显著上升患者及有消化道症状者,进行腔内超声检查,分析腔内超声结果和糖链抗原水平与患者治疗结果的关系。结果术后3个月,患者的C119-9、CA125和CA242水平低于术前,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。术后3个月时,C119-9、CA125、CA72-4和CA242阳性率分别为6.9%、3.4%、12.1%和6.9%低于术前的18.4%、15.5%、40.8%和20.1%,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。术后随访时间为(24.4±12.5)个月。其中,64例出现复发与转移,36例复发,其余均为转移。复发转移者复发转移时血清C119-9、CA125、CA72-4和CA242水平高于未复发转移时,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清糖链抗原标志物出现一项阳性或显著上升者复发与转移前置时间为(2.84±0.52)个月,两项及以上阳性或显著上升诊断前置时间为(1.34±0.25)个月。随访期间,共检出糖链抗原标志物阳性或显著上升者79例,对复发或转移敏感性为82.8%(53/64),特异性为85.5%(94/110),符合率为84.5%(147/174)。超声内镜检查结果,新检出息肉3例,溃疡2例,均表现为血清标志物阳性,检出1例未见糖链抗原标志物上升但确诊为复发者。结论糖链抗原检测对肠道黏膜下肿瘤转移与复发诊断效率较高,联合腔内超声可提高诊断效率,减少假阳性和假阴性。     

健康人群多种肿瘤标志物联合检测对消化道恶性肿瘤的早期诊断价值

目的探讨血清癌胚抗原(CEA)、甲胎蛋白(AFP)、糖类抗原199(CA199)和糖类抗原50(CA50)4种肿瘤标志物联合检测对常见消化道恶性肿瘤的早期诊断价值。方法选择健康体检人群500例作为研究对象,根据体检肿瘤标志物水平分为肿瘤标志物升高的观察组156例和肿瘤标志物正常的对照组344例,两组人群入组时均未发现消化道恶性肿瘤。随访期间,定期进行各项指标检测及器官检查,确定消化道恶性肿瘤的发生情况;比较两组发病概率及分析血清CEA、AFP、CA199和CA50对消化道恶性肿瘤的早期诊断价值。结果观察组4种血清肿瘤标志物水平明显高于对照组,均有统计学差异(P<0.05)。观察组消化道恶性肿瘤的总体发生率为16.0%,对照组总体发生率为1.7%,两组比较差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同标志物单独检测诊断恶性肿瘤的灵敏度均较低,其中CEA对结直肠癌的灵敏度较高为45.1%,AFP对肝癌的灵敏度较高为73.5%,CA199对食管癌和胰腺癌的灵敏度较高,分别为78.3%和72.5%,CA50对结直肠癌的灵敏度较高为73.1%。而4种标志物联合检测可明显提高消化道恶性肿瘤诊断的灵敏度,均高于每种标志物单独检测的灵敏度(P<0.05)。结论血清多种肿瘤标志物的联合检测可明显提高常见消化道恶性肿瘤的检出率,降低漏诊率,对健康人群行血清肿瘤标志物的联合检测可实现对消化道恶性肿瘤的早期筛查、诊断及针对性的预防。     

C-12多肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测系统对肺癌的诊断价值

目的:研究C-12多肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测系统对肺癌的诊断价值.方法:采用C-12多肿瘤标志物蛋白质芯片检测系统检测80例肺癌患者以及72例肺良性病变患者血清中12种肿瘤标志物(CA199、NSE、CEA、CA242、Ferritin、β-HCG、AFP、f-PSA、PSA、CA125、CA153及HGH)的水平.结果:肺癌组的芯片阳性率为92.50%,显著高于良性肺病组(50.00%)和对照组(23.68%)(P＜0.001);肺癌组中CA199、CEA、CA242、Ferritin、CA125和HGH6项肿瘤标志物的阳性率和血清水平要显著高于良性肺病组和对照组 (P＜0.05);乌鲁木齐CA199和HGH两项肿瘤标志物阳性率与长沙、广州和重庆相比均有显著性差异 (P＜0.05),其C-12芯片检测阳性率与长沙和重庆相比也均有显著行差异(P＜0.001).结论:C-12多肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测系统的应用对肺癌的诊断具有较高的临床应用价值;CA199、CEA、CA242、CA125和HGH联合检测可能是一种既经济又有效的肺癌诊断组合.     

三种血清肿瘤标志物联合检测对恶性肿瘤的诊断价值

目的评估血清标志物糖类抗原125（CA125）、糖类抗原15—3（CA15—3）、糖类抗原242（CA242）联合检测对恶性肿瘤诊断的价值。方法对长海医院肿瘤科于2004年9月～2005年9月期间收治的554例恶性肿瘤患者及60例为对照组的健康人的血清进行CA125、CA15—3、CA242检测。结果恶性肿瘤组三种肿瘤标志物检测的阳性率显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）。除鼻咽癌、骨肉瘤及淋巴瘤以外,联合捡测阳性率均大于50％。三种标志物联合检测的阳性率高于CA125、CA15—3、CA242单独检测的阳性率（P〈0．05）;三种标志物联合检测的阳性率高于CA125、CA15—3联合检测的阳性率（P〈0．05）;三种标志物联合检测的阳性率高于CA242、CA15—3联合检测的阳性率（P〈0．05）;三种标志物联合检测的阳性率与CA125、CA242联合检测的阳性率无统计学上的差异（P〉0．05）。联合检测肿瘤标志物的阳性率分别为：荷瘤转移组（77．08％）、荷瘤未转移组（60．05％）、手术后组（53．40％）。结论CA125、CA242联合检测能明显提高肿瘤的检出率。CA15—3的检测对于肿瘤的筛查并不能明显提高肿瘤的检出率,价值有限,但是对胆囊癌、乳腺癌、肺癌的诊断具有重要意义。三种肿瘤标志物联合捡测可为临床判定患者病情状态提供帮助。     

蛋白芯片技术检测肿瘤标志物对乳腺癌诊疗的临床价值

目的:应用蛋白芯片技术检测血清CA125、CA153、CEA、FER,探讨其临床意义.方法:采用多肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片诊断系统,检测乳腺癌患者CA125、CA153、CEA、FER四种肿瘤标志物,SPSS 13.0统计软件进行数据分析.结果:乳腺癌患者腋淋巴结转移组CA125、CA153、CEA、FER水平及阳性率高于无转移组,有显著统计学差异(P<0.01);淋巴结转移组与无淋巴结转移组血清CEA、CA125、FER与CA153的logistic回归方程P2=1/1+e -(-2.27+2.05×CEA+1.94×FER+1.06×CA125+1.84×CA153);乳腺癌患者肿瘤直径d≥3cm组CEA、CA125、FER、CA153水平均显著高于肿瘤直径d<3cm组,有显著统计学差异(P<0.01).结论:蛋白芯片技术检测肿瘤标志物对乳腺癌有较高的临床价值;CA125、CA153、CEA、FER为乳腺癌患者腋淋巴结转移的高危因素,与肿瘤大小正相关.     

外泌体在肿瘤发展中的研究进展

外泌体是细胞经过"内吞-融合-外排"等一系列调控过程而形成的细胞外纳米级小囊泡。外泌体可以携带蛋白,运送RNA,在细胞间物质和信息转导中起重要作用。外泌体可能通过调控免疫功能,促进肿瘤血管新生和肿瘤转移,以及直接作用于肿瘤细胞等途径,影响肿瘤的进展。外泌体可应用于肿瘤的诊断。本文总结了近年来有关外泌体在肿瘤发展中作用的研究进展。     

Inhibitory effect of suramin in rat models of angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo

The aim of the present study was to test the ability of the chemotherapeutic agent suramin to inhibit angiogenesis in experimental models in vitro and in vivo. In the culture of rat aortic rings on fibronectin, suramin dose-dependently inhibited vascular cell growth, achieving the maximal effect (mean − 88% versus controls, P < 0.05) at 400 μg/ml. Image analysis showed that suramin could inhibit microvessel sprouting in fibrin from rat aortic rings as evaluated by the ratio between the cellular area and the mean gray value of the sample (sprouting index); suramin at 50 μg/ml significantly reduced the sprouting index from the control value of 0.35 ± 0.04 to 0.14 ± 0.02 mm²/gray level (P < 0.05). Likewise, the area occupied by cells was 19.2 ± 1.8 mm² as compared with 41.8 ± 4.2 mm² in controls (P < 0.05). In the rat model of neovascularization induced in the cornea by chemical injury, suramin at 1.6 mg/eye per day reduced the length of blood vessels (0.7 ± 0.1 mm as compared with 1.5 ± 0.1 mm in controls, P < 0.05). In the same model the ratio between the area of blood vessels and the total area of the cornea (area fraction score) was decreased by suramin from 0.19 ± 0.02 in controls to 0.03 ± 0.003 (P < 0.05). Suramin given i.p. at 30 mg/kg per day markedly inhibited the neovascularization induced in the rat mesentery by compound 48/80 or conditioned medium from cells secreting the angiogenic protein fibroblast growth factor-3 (FGF-3). The area fraction score in control rats treated with compound 48/80 was 0.31 ± 0.03, and this was reduced to 0.07 ± 0.01 by suramin (P < 0.05). After i.p. administration of FGF-3 the area fraction score was reduced by suramin from 0.29 ± 0.03 to 0.05 ± 0.01 (P < 0.05). These results provide evidence that suramin exerts inhibitory effects on angiogenesis in both in vitro and in vivo models. Received: 9 January 1998 / Accepted: 29 June 1998     

重组人血管内皮抑制素治疗恶性肿瘤的研究进展

重组人血管内皮抑制素(恩度)是一种广谱的抗血管生成分子靶向药物,主要循证证据为联合化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC).近年来,重组人血管内皮抑制素用于治疗多种恶性肿瘤的研究逐渐增多,并取得了较好的疗效.此外,有关重组人血管内皮抑制素联合治疗手段、给药途径、给药方法的研究逐渐开展,有利于其合理应用.     

Effect of trauma of implantation of metastatic tumor in bone in mice

We studied the influence of surgical trauma to the iliac bone on the implantation of I. V. injected tumor cells, which formed tumor in the surgical wounds of 27/84 mice (32%). None of these mice or nonsurgical mice developed tumor in the opposite or uninjured pelvic bone (P < 0.0001). When different numbers (10⁵, 5 × 10⁵, and 10 × 10⁵) of TA3Ha cells were injected I. V. immediately after surgery, the frequency of tumor formation showed an increase (respectively, 32%, 63%, 71%). As the interval between induction of trauma and tumor cell injection was increased from 0 to 15 days, the frequency of tumor formation declined from 32% to 0%. These results suggest that the healing wound is a privileged site for experimental metastasis, particularly in the early stages. It is likely that the proteins in the blood clotting cascade are involved in local tumor implantation. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

胶质瘤中微RNA研究进展

微RNA(microRNA,miR)可在转录后水平负调控靶基因表达,miR异常表达与肿瘤生成密切相关.对胶质瘤中多个miR异常表达及其机制的研究将对进一步探讨胶质瘤的分子病理及其诊治开拓新途径.     

Evaluation of the antitumoral effect of dihydrocucurbitacin-B in both in vitro and in vivo models

Aims  We evaluated both in vitro and in vivo antitumoral properties of an isolated compound from Wilbrandia ebracteata, dihydrocucurbitacin-B (DHCB), using B16F10 cells (murine melanoma). Materials and methods  We made use of MTT and ³H-Thymidine assays to investigate the cell viability and cell proliferation, flow cytometry analysis to monitor cell cycle and apoptosis, western blot analysis to evaluate the expression of cell cycle proteins, imunofluorescence analysis and in vivo tumor growth and metastasis. Results  Dihydrocucurbitacin-B significantly reduced cell proliferation without important effects on cells viability. DHCB lead cells to accumulate in G2/M phases accompanied by the appearance of polyploid cells, confirmed by fluorescence assays that demonstrated a remarkable alteration in the cell cytoskeleton and formation of binuclear cells. Annexin-V-FITC incorporation demonstrated that DHCB did not induce apoptosis. About 10 μg/mL DHCB was found to decrease cyclin-A, and especially in cyclin-B1. The in vivo experiments showed that DHCB treatment (once a day up to 12 days; p.o.) was able to reduce the tumor growth and lung metastasis up to 83.5 and 50.3%, respectively. Conclusions  Dihydrocucurbitacin-B reduces cell proliferation due to a decrease in the expression of cyclins, mainly cyclin-B1 and disruption of the actin cytoskeleton, arresting B16F10 cells in G2/M phase. Taken together, the in vitro and in vivo experiments suggest that DHCB was effective against cancer, however, it remains to be proved if DHCB will be a good candidate for drug development.     

中国乳腺癌患者生活质量研究进展

生活质量（qualityoflife,QOL）又译作生命质量、生存质量,它是在世界卫生组织提倡的健康新概念“人们在躯体上、精神上及社会生活中处于一种完好的状态,而不仅仅是没有患病和衰弱”的基础上构建的,是医学模式由生物医学模式向生物一心理一社会医学模式转变的体现。西方发达国家已将此概念广泛应用于临床试验、卫生政策制定和卫生资源效益评价等众多领域。生存质量已作为评价肿瘤患者术后状况的首选指标。     

Survey of changes in dietary preferences in cancer patients in China

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in dietary preferences in cancer patients in China and to determine the need for encouraging the adherence to a sensible diet among such patients.Methods A total of 468 cancer patients were interviewed using a self-designed questionnaire focusing on changes in the intake of specific foods. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0. Results Most patients completely avoided roosters and carp(73.1%), condiments(51.9%), and meat of aquatic species(40.4%). All other types of the specific foods were completely avoided by different subpopulations of the patients.Conclusion In addition to focusing on disease treatment, medical professionals need to help cancer patients overcome barriers associated with the customs of avoiding specific foods encompassed by the term ”fawu” and provide them with dietary guidance in order to prevent negative nutritional effects.     

新疆维吾尔族妇女宫颈病变中DAPK表达的研究

[目的]探讨DAPK基因与新疆维吾尔族妇女宫颈病变的相关关系。[方法]选取维吾尔族妇女正常或炎症的宫颈组织30例、CINⅠ30例、CINⅡ/Ⅲ30例、宫颈鳞癌组织30例采用免疫组化SP法检测DAPK蛋白表达;为了进一步验证DAPK蛋白表达水平,采用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）法检测正常或炎症的宫颈组织10例、CINⅠ10例、CINⅡ/Ⅲ15例、宫颈鳞癌组织20例中mRNA的表达。[结果]DAPK的蛋白表达率在正常或炎症的宫颈组织、CINⅠ、CINⅡ/Ⅲ、宫颈鳞癌组织中分别为93.3%、83.3%、60.0%、33.3%,SCC组阳性表达率明显减少（P〈0.05）;四组mRNA的表达率分别为90.0%、90.0%、46.7%、10.0%,SCC组阳性表达率明显减少（P〈0.05）。宫颈组织中DAPK在蛋白水平和mRNA水平的表达均和宫颈病变程度成负关（P〈0.05）。[结论]新疆维吾尔族妇女宫颈病变组织中DAPK蛋白和mRNA水平均随病变程度加深而减少;DAPK蛋白检测可能为宫颈癌的早期诊断提供依据。