金匮肾气丸对STZ糖尿病模型大鼠免疫功能的影响

目的 观察金匮肾气丸对糖尿病大鼠免疫功能的影响.方法 2月龄雌性SD大鼠分为4组,每组10只:对照组,模型组,金匮肾气丸低、高剂量组.采用STZ诱发大鼠糖尿病模型,测定各组大鼠体质量,血糖,血清TNF-α、IL-6水平,血CD4+、CD8+T细胞计数,以及体外巨噬细胞吞噬率,胸腺、脾指数.结果 与模型组比较,金匮肾气丸组大鼠体质量,血CD4+、CD8+T细胞计数,巨噬细胞吞噬率,胸腺、脾指数明显升高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);血糖,血清TNF-α、IL-6水平明显下降(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论 金匮肾气丸具有增强糖尿病大鼠免疫功能的作用.     

冬虫夏草对IgA肾病小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞功能的影响

目的探讨冬虫夏草对IgA肾病小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞功能的影响。方法将30只BALB／c小鼠按体重随机分为正常对照组,模型组与虫草组,采用半体内法测定小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞的能力,以吞噬百分率和吞噬指数作为腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能的指标。结果虫草组腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬百分率和吞噬指数均高于模型组(P＜0.05),血清循环免疫复合物(CIC)低于模型组(P＜0.05)。结论冬虫夏草可以改善IgA肾病小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬功能,降低CIC。     

胎盘免疫调节因子对大鼠子宫内膜异位症的疗效观察

目的 研究胎盘免疫调节因子(placental immunoregulatory factor,PF)对大鼠子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis,EMS)的治疗效果.方法 建立雌性大鼠EMS模型,随机分为对照组、模型组、PF低、中、高治疗组.PF治疗8周后开腹测量异位内膜生长体积;用淋巴细胞非特异性酯酶(achroacyte acor nonspecific esterase,ANAE)组织化学染色方法检测用药后外周血ANAE阳性细胞;用ELLSA法测量血清中细胞因子白细胞介素-2(interleukin-2,IL-2)含量.结果 各治疗组治疗后异位内膜体积较治疗前小(P＜0.05);PF能明显提高各治疗组ANAE活性(P＜0.05)和血清IL-2含量(P＜0.05).结论 PF可以提高机体的细胞免疫功能,对大鼠EMS模型的生长及粘连起到抑制或治疗作用.     

塞来昔布对颅脑创伤后Bcl-2表达及学习记忆功能的影响

目的 探讨选择性环氧合酶(COX-2)抑制剂塞来昔布对大鼠颅脑创伤后B淋巴细胞瘤-2基因(Bcl-2)表达及学习记忆功能的影响.方法 实验分为对照组、假手术组、脑创伤组、治疗组,首先采用Marmarou方法建立大鼠闭合性颅脑创伤模型,qPCR法检测mRNA表达量,免疫组织化学法检测蛋白表达水平,TUNEL染色法检测细胞凋亡,Morris水迷宫实验测试学习记忆功能.结果 脑创伤组COX-2的表达明显高于其他3组(P＜0.05),治疗组较脑创伤组能有效降低COX-2的表达(P＜0.05);而脑创伤组Bcl-2的表达明显低于其他3组(P＜0.05),治疗组与脑创伤组比较能有效增高Bcl-2的表达(P＜0.05);脑创伤组TUNEL染色阳性细胞数均高于其它各组(P＜0.05),治疗组相较于脑创伤组能显著降低阳性细胞数(P＜0.05);脑创伤组搜索平台所需的时间大于其他3组(P＜0.05),治疗组较脑创伤组能有效降低搜索平台所需时间(P＜0.05).结论 塞来昔布通过对COX-2的特异性抑制,减轻颅脑创伤后的炎症反应,增加Bcl-2的表达,从而抑制细胞的凋亡,发挥脑保护作用,并改善其脑创伤后的学习记忆功能障碍.     

ISCOM型白血病瘤苗对小鼠巨噬细胞作用的研究

目的 探讨免疫刺激复合物(ISCOM)型白血病瘤苗对小鼠巨噬细胞的作用.方法 将C57BL/6小鼠30只分为模型组、灭活的红白血病细胞(FBL-3)瘤苗组(灭活瘤苗组)和灭活的FBL-3细胞+ISCOM瘤苗组(ISCOM瘤苗组),小鼠注射FBL-3细胞建立白血病荷瘤小鼠模型,治疗4周后,分离小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,观察不同组别的巨噬细胞吞噬功能、一氧化氮(NO)、白细胞介素(IL)-1、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、巨噬细胞杀伤活性和抗原呈递动能.结果 ISCOM瘤苗组小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞数量、巨噬细胞吞噬功能、IL-1、TNF-α、IL-2、T细胞增殖能力和NO高于模型组和灭活瘤苗组(P＜0.05),ISCOM瘤苗组巨噬细胞细胞杀伤活性显著高于模型组(P＜0.01).结论 ISCOM型瘤苗可以增加巨噬细胞的数量,增强巨噬细胞的吞噬作用及抗原呈递能力.     

木蹄层孔菌多糖对小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的 初步探讨木蹄层孔菌多糖(FFP)的免疫调节作用.方法 MTT法检测免疫细胞的代谢活力, ELISA法检测肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、干扰素γ(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素2(IL-2)的含量,鸡红细胞吞噬法检测巨噬细胞的吞噬功能,绵羊红细胞免疫法检测小鼠体液免疫功能.结果 发现FFP(100,50,25 ?滋g/ml)可以明显促进小鼠脾细胞代谢活力,促进脾细胞分泌细胞因子TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-2;显著增强腹腔渗出细胞代谢活力,促进腹腔渗出细胞分泌TNF-α.FFP(100、50、25 mg/kg)显著增强绵羊红细胞(SRBC)所致小鼠特异性抗体生成.FFP(100、50 mg/kg)可以增强小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞(CRBC)的吞噬率和吞噬指数.结论 木蹄多糖可促进小鼠免疫细胞分泌细胞因子TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-2和增强小鼠的体液免疫功能及巨噬细胞的吞噬功能.     

龙胆草与仙鹤草配伍的非特异免疫抗疟作用

目的探讨植物生药龙胆草与仙鹤草伍用的非特异免疫抗疟作用。方法通过腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬实验、单核-吞噬细胞系统(MSP)吞噬功能实验等实验方法检测不同用药组和感染对照组小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬百分比、吞噬指数及MPS的吞噬指数。结果龙胆草加仙鹤草组疟鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能分别与仙鹤草组和感染对照组比较,差异均有显著性(P均<0.01);龙胆草加仙鹤草组对疟鼠MSP吞噬指数分别与仙鹤草组和感染对照组比较,差异均有显著性(P均<0.01)。结论龙胆草与仙鹤草配伍可以提高感染疟原虫小鼠的免疫功能,显著提高小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞及MPS的吞噬活力。     

火针对类风湿关节炎大鼠IL-1、IL-6的影响

目的探讨火针对类风湿关节炎大鼠IL-1、IL-6的影响.方法以佐剂性关节炎(AA)作为类风湿关节炎大鼠模型,随机分为正常对照组、模型组、火针治疗组,火针"足三里"后,检测IL-1、IL-6含量变化.结果模型组大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞IL-1、IL-6的活性比正常大鼠明显升高(P＜0.01),火针组大鼠IL-1、IL-6活性下降明显,与模型组比较,具有统计学意义,P＜0.01.结论火针可抑制AA大鼠IL-1、IL-6活性.     

龙须菜藻红蛋白对 H22荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的 研究龙须菜藻红蛋白体内抑瘤效应与荷瘤小鼠机体免疫功能的关系,探讨其抑瘤作用的细胞免疫学机制。方法 建立小鼠 H22肝癌实体瘤模型,分别 ig 给予藻红蛋白高、中、低剂量。连续给药 7 d 后,测定各组小鼠肿瘤生长抑制率和腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬指数,采用 MTT 法检测各组小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖指数、NK 细胞免疫活性和肿瘤坏死因子 (TNF-α) 的分泌。结果 高剂量藻红蛋白对小鼠 H22肿瘤的生长抑制率明显高于模型组 (P＜0.05),抑瘤率为 30.23%;与模型组比较,藻红蛋白对荷瘤小鼠胸腺和脾脏有保护和修复作用,具有显著提高腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬指数 (P＜0.05)、脾淋巴细胞增殖指数 (P＜0.01)、NK 细胞对靶细胞的杀伤活性 (P＜0.01) 和增加脾淋巴细胞分泌 TNF-α 的作用 (P＜0.05)。结论 龙须菜藻红蛋白可明显提高 H２２ 荷瘤小鼠细胞免疫功能,这可能是其抗肿瘤效应机制之一。     

妊娠期低水平铅暴露对子代大鼠免疫功能的影响

目的 探讨妊娠期低水平铅暴露对子代大鼠免疫功能的影响.方法 孕鼠随机分为4组,3个处理组自怀孕第1天起分别给予醋酸铅含量为125、250、500 mg/L的饮水,对照组给予不含铅的蒸馏水,分别于仔鼠出生后1、21、60 d检测仔鼠血铅、IgG浓度、T淋巴细胞酸性α-醋酸萘酯酶(acid α-naphthyl acetate esterase,ANAE)阳性率、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能.结果 铅处理组仔鼠出生后1、21 d血铅明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),至60 d龄,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);铅处理组1、21d龄仔鼠血清IgG显著下降,60 d龄500 mg/L剂量组下降明显(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);250、500 mg/L剂量组1、60 d龄仔鼠T淋巴细胞ANAE阳性率显著降低,21 d龄仔鼠各剂量组T淋巴细胞ANAE阳性率均显著降低(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);250、500 mg/L剂量组1、21 d龄仔鼠吞噬指数显著降低(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),至60 d龄,仅500 mg/L剂量组仔鼠吞噬指数显著降低(P＜0.01).结论 妊娠期低水平铅接触可以引起仔鼠免疫功能下降,这种影响作用直至仔鼠血铅恢复正常仍可以持续存在.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.