1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-[(4-取代)-哌嗪-1-基]-2-丙醇的合成及其抗真菌活性

目的:研究不同取代哌嗪侧链的引入对三唑醇类化合物抗真菌活性的影响.方法:设计合成了11个三唑醇类新化合物;选择8种真菌(白色念珠菌,新生隐球菌,热带念珠菌,近平滑念珠菌,红色毛癣菌,羊毛状小孢子菌,紧密着色真菌及薰烟曲霉菌)为实验菌株,进行体外抑菌活性测试.结果:目标化合物对8种真菌特别是深部真菌均有一定的抑制活性,其中有7个化合物对白念珠菌的MIC80值≤0.125 μg/ml,是氟康唑活性的4倍以上,与伊曲康唑活性相当.结论:脂水分配系数和立体化学因素的改变对该类化合物体外抑菌活性有较大影响.     

红色毛癣菌对抗真菌药物的敏感性与种株特异性的关系

目的:探讨红色毛癣菌对抗真菌药物的敏感性与其种株特异性之间的关系.方法:采用微量稀释法,检测红色毛癣菌对7种临床常用抗真菌药物的敏感性,并对红色毛癣菌的基因型、表型、分离部位等与对抗真菌药物的敏感性进行相关性研究. 结果:不同基因型、表型及不同部位分离的红色毛癣菌菌株对特比萘芬、萘替芬、伊曲康唑的MIC值范围较集中(分别为0.016～0.032、0.032～0.063、0.25～1 μg/ml),且前两者的MIC值更小(众数均为0.032 μg/ml),而对酮康唑和氟康唑的MIC值范围则相差较大(分别为0.25～2、1～32 μg/ml). Wilcoxon秩和检验显示,红色毛癣菌对特比萘芬、萘替芬、伊曲康唑、两性霉素B等4种抗真菌药物的MIC与基因型、表型、分离部位的不同无显著相关.结论:红色毛癣菌对抗真菌药物的敏感性可能与基因型、表型或分离部位无关.     

中国南海多棘海星水提物抗皮肤真菌的活性分析

目的从南海多棘海星（asterias amurensis）水溶性提取物中筛选具有抗真菌活性的物质。方法粉碎后冷冻干燥的海星经有机溶剂去除脂溶性物质,固体成分以去离子水于低温浸取,将水溶液通过高效液相色谱仪（high performance liquid chrom atography,HPLC）分别连以葡聚糖凝胶柱进行初次分离和C18硅胶柱对初次分离活性组分进行再次分离,并用微量稀释法对各分离组分进行抗真菌活性检测。结果南海多棘海星水提物经高效液相色谱仪连以葡聚糖凝胶柱分离得到了5个组分：初次分离组分1（FSF-1）、FSF-2、FSF-3、FSF-4、FSF-5,其中FSF-3对红色毛癣显示出较强的抗真菌活性。FSF-4对红色毛癣菌、断发毛癣菌和石膏样小孢子菌显示出了较弱的抗菌活性,其余组分对3种真菌无明显抑菌作用。对FSF-3抗红色毛癣菌的有效成分经高效液相色谱仪连以C18硅胶分离柱进一步分离得到了3个组分：次级分离组分1（SSF-1）、SSF-2、SSF-3共3个组分。其中SSF-1对红色毛癣菌仅有微弱的抑菌活性,SSF-2和SSF-3对红色毛癣菌均具有较强的抗真菌活性,且在浓度为1μg/ml仍可表现出抑菌效果。结论中国南海多棘海星体内存在水溶性抗红色毛癣菌的活性成分。     

生物酶解技术对中药知母抗真菌作用的影响

目的:评价知母乙醇提取物及其酶水解物对常见真菌的体外抑菌活性。方法:采用回流提取法制备知母乙醇提取物,选用β-葡萄糖苷酶进行酶水解。采用抑菌圈法评价知母乙醇提取物及其酶水解物对白念珠菌的抑菌作用,采用微量液基稀释法检测其对5种常见真菌(白念珠菌、新型隐球菌、须癣毛癣菌、石膏样小孢子菌、红色毛癣菌)的最小抑菌浓度(MIC_(80))。高效液相色谱法检测知母皂苷BⅡ(TBⅡ)和知母皂苷AⅢ(TAⅢ)的含量。结果:①知母乙醇提取物在320 mg/ml时对白念珠菌SC5314有一定的抑制作用,抑菌圈直径为6 mm;其酶水解物在27 mg/ml和13.5 mg/ml时对白念珠菌SC5314具有抑制作用,抑菌圈直径分别为16 mm和12 mm,抗真菌效果显著提高。②知母乙醇提取物对白念珠菌、新型隐球菌、须癣毛癣菌的MIC_(80)分别为32 mg/L、16 mg/L、32 mg/L,对石膏样小孢子菌、红色毛癣菌无明显抑制作用。其酶水解物对5种真菌的MIC_(80)均低至4 mg/L,对石膏样小孢子菌的抑制活性甚至优于氟康唑;与知母乙醇提取物相比,酶水解物的抗真菌活性均显著增强(P0.01)。TBⅡ对5种真菌的抑制作用均较弱,而TAⅢ对红色毛癣菌、石膏样小孢子菌、须癣毛癣菌的抑制作用较强,MIC_(80)达4 mg/L。③知母乙醇提取物中TBⅡ含量为(31.3±1.4)%,TAⅢ含量为(3.2±0.3)%;酶水解物中TAⅢ含量为(52.5±0.3)%,未检测到TBⅡ,TAⅢ的转化率为(82.6±1.7)%。结论:β-葡萄糖苷酶作用可促进知母乙醇提取物中TBⅡ转化为TAⅢ,显著提高其抗真菌活性,TAⅢ可能是知母抗真菌作用的主要有效成分之一。     

莪术挥发油主要成分莪术醇的体外抗真菌活性研究

[目的]观察莪术挥发油主要成分莪术醇的体外抗真菌活性.[方法]采用试管培养基稀释法测试莪术醇对13株皮肤癣菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)及最低杀菌浓度(MFC).[结果]莪术醇对石膏样小孢子菌上海株、红色毛癣菌上海株的MIC大于50μL/mL,对白色念珠菌武汉株32035、大脑状毛癣菌上海株的MIC为50μL/mL,对其他...     

两种工艺提取的龙血竭体外抗真菌活性比较

【目的】对两种工艺提取的龙血竭进行体外抗真菌试验，测定其最低抑菌浓度(MIC)值。【方法】采用试管液基稀释法进行试验。【结果】测得免加热工艺提取的龙血竭抗白色念珠菌、光滑念珠菌、近平滑念珠菌、热带念珠菌、克柔念珠菌、须癣毛癣菌的MIC50为1．25，5，0．313，1．25，5，0．175mg／ml，传统工艺提取的龙血竭的MIC50为1．25，5，2．5，2．5，5，1．25mg／ml。【结论】免加热工艺提取的龙血竭抗近平滑念珠菌和须癣毛癣菌的作用比传统工艺提取的龙血竭作用强。     

防风等11种中药体外抗真菌活性研究

目的 对可能应用于浅表性皮肤真菌感染的中药进行横向筛选，寻找具有抑制或杀灭真菌能力的中药。方法 采用培养基药物浓度稀释法对11种中药提取物进行体外抗真菌实验。结果 丁香（100μg／ml、5μg／ml）对3株皮肤真菌敏感。其余10种中药不敏感。结论 丁香（50μg／ml）对絮状表皮癣菌、石膏样小孢子菌和红色毛癣菌有体外抑菌活性，其余中药无活性。     

体外甲真菌病模型的建立及甲板内氟康唑药敏试验

目的建立体外甲真菌病模型并探讨抗真菌药物在甲板内的抗真菌活性。方法建立体外甲真菌病模型:剪取正常人甲,用2.5%NaOH浸泡变软,分别接种红色毛癣菌、石膏样毛癣菌、白色念珠菌和克柔念珠菌,在马铃薯葡萄糖(PD)液体培养基培养30d后取病理切片并行PAS染色,观察各甲板中是否有真菌侵入。甲板内氟康唑药敏试验:根据体外药基法最小抑菌浓度(MIC)值,配制100×MIC、10×MIC、1×MIC3个梯度的10%二甲基亚砜(DMSO)氟康唑透甲液,浸泡软化的甲板,再接种4种致病菌培养,镜下观察甲切片。只有管内全部甲板均未见真菌结构,方判定该菌种对相应浓度下氟康唑敏感。结果在体外甲真菌病模型试验中,甲板角质层遭破坏,可见数目不等的菌丝孢子,形态与甲真菌病病甲切片所见一致,证明离体甲真菌病模型建立。在测定甲板中氟康唑抗真菌活性时,只有石膏样毛癣组菌100×MIC浓度管内甲板均未见真菌结构,将此值与体外所测MIC值对比,二者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论(1)在正常人离体甲板上接种真菌,可建立体外甲真菌病的感染模型。(2)要达到抑制真菌的作用,甲板内氟康唑浓度必须要高于体外所测MIC值。     

体外甲真菌病模型的建立及氟康唑甲板内药敏试验

目的建立体外甲真菌病模型并探讨抗真菌药物在甲板内的抗真菌活性。方法建立体外甲真菌病模型:剪取正常人甲,用2.5%NaOH浸泡变软,分别接种红色毛癣菌、石膏样毛癣菌、白色念珠菌和克柔念珠菌,在马铃薯葡萄糖(PD)液体培养基培养30d后取病理切片并行PAS染色,观察各甲板中是否有真菌侵入。甲板内氟康唑药敏试验:根据体外药基法最小抑菌浓度(MIC)值,配制100×MIC、10×MIC、1×MIC3个梯度的10%二甲基亚砜(DMSO)氟康唑透甲液,浸泡软化的甲板,再接种4种致病菌培养,镜下观察甲切片。只有管内全部甲板均未见真菌结构,方判定该菌种对相应浓度下氟康唑敏感。结果在体外甲真菌病模型试验中,甲板角质层遭破坏,可见数目不等的菌丝孢子,形态与甲真菌病病甲切片所见一致,证明离体甲真菌病模型建立。在测定甲板中氟康唑抗真菌活性时,只有石膏样毛癣组菌100×MIC浓度管内甲板均未见真菌结构,将此值与体外所测MIC值对比,二者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论(1)在正常人离体甲板上接种真菌,可建立体外甲真菌病的感染模型。(2)要达到抑制真菌的作用,甲板内氟康唑浓度必须要高于体外所测MIC值。     

23种中药对皮肤浅部真菌感染的体外抗真菌活性研究

目的:观察23种中药对石膏样小孢子菌和红色毛癣菌的体外抗真菌作用,并对其中抑菌效果明显的中药进行抗真菌药敏试验.方法:半固体药基混合法,微量稀释法.结果:部分中药对1种或几种真菌显示较强的抑制作用.结论:射干、菟丝子、黄连、黄柏、黄芩有较强的抗真菌活性.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.