Vegetable and Fruit Consumption among Chinese Adults and Associated Factors: A Nationally Representative Study of 170,847 Adults

Objective This study examined vegetable and fruit(VF) consumption rate and its associated factors among Chinese adults.Methods Nationally representative data from the 2013 China Chronic Disease Surveillance survey were used. Dietary intake data, including VF consumption during the last 12 months, were collected. All analyses were weighted to obtain nationally representative estimates. Associations between VF consumption and other factors(e.g., meal frequency and physical activity) were examined through logistic regression analysis.Results The average fruit consumption was 102.3 g/day(95% CI: 97.0‐107.6) and the average vegetable consumption was 350.6 g/day(95% CI: 339.3‐361.8). Over half(53.2%, 95% CI: 50.9‐55.4) of Chinese adults met the VF consumption of 400 g/day recommended by the World Health Organization(WHO). Rural residents had a higher prevalence of low VF consumption rate than urban residents[49.20%(95% CI: 46.2%‐52.2%) vs. 44.0%(95% CI: 41.7%‐46.3%) P 0.01]. Old age(OR = 1.01, 95% CI:1.00‐1.01), low educational level, low income, minority ethnicity(OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.15‐1.74),underweight(OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.03‐1.33), single marital status(OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.08‐1.33), low health literacy, irregular breakfast(OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.04‐1.38) or lunch(OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.26‐1.99)habits, and no leisure‐time physical activity were associated with low VF consumption.Conclusion Only half of Chinese adults met the VF consumption recommended by the WHO. Low socio‐economic status, irregular diet, and poor health literacy were likely associated with low VF consumption. National efforts and programs are needed to promote VF consumption.     

Environmental and Psycho-social Factors Related to Prostate Cancer Risk in the Chinese Population:a Case-control Study

Objective To study the risk environmental and psycho-social factors associated to prostate cancer （PCa） in Chinese population. Methods 250 PCa patients and 500 controls were enrolled in this case-control study. Information was collected and logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratios （OR） and 95% confidence intervals （95% CI） for relationship between lifestyle, eating habits and psycho-social factors with PCa risk. Results Green vegetables and green tea were associated with a decreased risk of PCa （0R=0.39, 95% CI： 0.28-0.53; 0R=0.59, 95% Cl： 0.40-0.87, respectively）. Family history of PCa （0R=7.16, 95% CI： 2.01-25.49）, history of prostate diseases （0R=2.28, 95% Cl： 1.53-3.41）, alcohol consumption （0R=1.97, 95% CI： 1.33-2.90）, red meat consumption （0R=1.74, 95% CI： 1.20-2.52）, barbecued （0R=2.29, 95% CI： 1.11-4.73） or fried （0R=2.35, 95% CI： 1.24-4.43） foods were related with increased PCa risk. Negative psycho-social factors including occupational setbacks （0R=1.61, 95% CI： 2.00-2.59）, marital separation （0R=1.94, 95% CI： 1.29-2.91）, self-contained suffering {0R=2.37, 95% CI： 1.58-3.55）, and high sensitivity to the personal comments （0R=1.73, 95% CI： 1.18-2.54） were related to PCa. Conclusion Regular consumption of green vegetables and green tea may suggest protective effects on PCa. Alcohol consumption, red meat consumption and barbecued or fried foods were associated with PCa. Negative psycho-social factors may also play a role in the incidence of PCa in Chinese population.     

Prevalence of Undernutrition and Related Dietary Factors among People Aged 75 Years or Older in China during 2010-2012

Objective Undernutrition is highly prevalent among older people. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of undernutrition in elderly Chinese residents and explore the relationship between undernutrition and dietary factors. Methods Data were collected from 2,552 elderly people aged 75 years and over from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance during 2010-2012 using questionnaires, anthropometric measurement, and individual consecutive 3-day 24-hour dietary records. Results The present study showed that 10.5% of participants had undernutrition. The prevalence was higher among the population living in rural areas, those living in the South region, those who smoked, and those with low income levels. Most participants failed to meet the Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes for energy (66.1%) and protein (72.1%). When comparing quartiles of food intake, high rice consumption [odds ratio ( OR )=2.44, 95% confidence interval ( CI ): 1.35-4.40)], animal oil intake ( OR=1.60, 95% CI : 1.18-2.17), and high fat intake from animal sources ( OR=1.56, 95% CI : 1.06-2.31) were positively associated with underweight whereas high wheat consumption (OR=0.44, 95% CI : 0.26-0.74), a proper proportion (24%-32%) of energy intake from fat ( OR=0.54, 95% CI : 0.35-0.83), and high fat intake from plant sources ( OR=0.67, 95% CI : 0.46-0.99) were inversely related. Conclusion The prevalence of undernutrition was high among elderly Chinese people, especially in rural areas. Dietary factors, such as high consumption of rice, were associated with undernutrition.     

新疆维吾尔族、哈萨克族外周动脉疾病患病率及危险因素分析

目的 了解新疆维吾尔族(维族)、哈萨克族(哈族)成年人外周动脉疾病(PAD)的患病率和相关危险因素.方法 2007年10月至2010年5月应用整群抽样法抽取新疆35岁以上汉族、维族、哈族人群14 618名作为研究对象.统计不同民族不同年龄、不同性别人群的PAD患病率,并对PAD的危险因素进行分析.结果 新疆维族、哈族成年人PAD总患病率6.46%(542例),标化患病率6.51%.维族PAD患病率7.05%(315例),哈族为5.79%(227例),经标化后,维族、哈族患病率分别为7.08%、5.83%,差异有统计学意义(x2=5.55,P＜0.05).男性患病率4.49%(170例),女性为8.08%(372例),经标化后,男性患病率为4.30%,女性为7.90%,差异有统计学意义(x2=44.26,P＜0.01).经多因素Logistic回归分析,年龄(OR=1.01,95%CI1.00～1.02)、女性(OR=1.75,95%CI1.45～2.14)、肥胖或超重(OR=1.04,95%CI1.01～1.06)、糖尿病(OR=1.59,95%CI 1.01～2.36)、收缩压增高(OR=1.02,95%CI1.01～1. 03)、舒张压增高(OR=1. 08,95%CI 1.01～1.11)、冠心病史(OR=1.69,95%CI1.14～2.50)与PAD患病有关.结论 新疆维、哈族成年人PAD患病率较低.女性、年龄、超重或肥胖、糖尿病、收缩压升高、舒张压升高、冠心病史为PAD危险因素.     

Association of the ADIPOQ Rs2241766 and Rs266729 Polymorphisms with Metabolic Syndrome in the Chinese Population：A Meta-analysis

Objective This meta-analysis was performed to summarize the association of the ADIPOQ rs2241766 and rs266729 polymorphisms with metabolic syndrome (MS) in the Chinese population.
Methods We searched for articles in MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE, HuGE Navigator, CNKI, and Wanfang databases and calculated odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to determine the strength of associations in fixed- or random-effects models.
Results We included 21 articles in the meta-analysis: 17 reports of ADIPOQ rs2241766 with 3628 cases and 3000 controls and 8 of rs266729 with 2021 cases and 2226 controls. We found an increased risk of MS with the ADIPOQ rs2241766 polymorphism in some genetic models (allele model: OR=1.12, 95% CI:1.03-1.21; dominant model: OR=1.15, 95% CI: 1.04-1.28; homozygote model: OR=1.22, 95% CI:1.00-1.49) but no association with the ADIPOQ rs266729 polymorphism (allele model: OR=0.98, 95% CI:0.82-1.17; dominant model: OR=0.90, 95% CI: 0.79-1.02; recessive model: OR=1.09, 95% CI: 0.85-1.39;homozygote model: OR=1.03, 95% CI: 0.80-1.33).
Conclusion The results of this meta-analysis suggest an association between the ADIPOQ rs2241766 polymorphism and MS in the Chinese population. G allele of ADIPOQ rs2241766 increases the risk of MS. Better designed studies with different ethnic populations and larger sample sizes are needed for assessing the relationship between ADIPOQ rs2241766 and rs266729 polymorphisms and MS in the future.     

Predicted 10-year Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Its Association with Sleep Duration among Adults in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region,China

Objective The study aims to predict 10-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and explore its association with sleep duration among Chinese urban adults. Methods We analyzed part of the baseline data of a cohort that recruited adults for health screening by cluster sampling. The simplified Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Framingham 10-year risk score (FRS) were used to measure sleep duration and CVD risk. Demographic characteristics, personal history of chronic diseases, lifestyle factors were collected using a questionnaire. Height, weight, total cholesterol (TC), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were also measured. Multiple logistic regression models were performed to explore the association of sleep duration with the predicted CVD risk. Results We included 31, 135 participants (median age 44 years, 53.02％ males) free of CVD, cerebral stroke, and not taking lipid-lowering agents. Overall, 14.05％, and 25.55％ of participants were at medium and high predicted CVD risk, respectively. Short sleep was independently associated with increased odds of medium to high risk of predicted 10-year CVD among males (OR = 1.10; 95％ CI:1.01–1.19) and increased odds of medium to high and high risk of predicted 10-year CVD among females (OR = 1.23; 95％ CI: 1.08–1.40; OR = 1.27; 95％ CI: 1.11–1.44). In contrast, long sleep had no association with cardiovascular risk. Conclusion A substantial number of adults free of CVD were at high 10-year CVD risk. Short sleep was associated with increased odds of predicted CVD risk.     

中国汉族人群Semaphorin 5A基因多态性与帕金森病易感性的关联研究

目的 探讨Semaphorin 5A(SEMA5A)基因多态性与帕金森病(PD)易感性的关系.方法 选择244例帕金森病患者和174名正常对照,利用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法检测中国汉族人群中SEMA5A基因的两个基因多态性位点(SNP)和帕金森病易感性的关系,并用基因测序验证结果.结果 SEMA5A基因的多态性位点rs7702187和rs3798097(rs7702187:OR(基因型AT)=0.95,95%CI 0.61～1.48,OR(基因型AA)=1.84,95% CI 0.85～3.99,OR(基因型AT+AA)=1.21,95%CI 0.82～1.77,P>0.05;rs3798097:OR(基因型CT)=1.06,95% CI 0.62～1.79,OR(基因型TT)=0.72,95% CI 0.10～5.18,OR(基因型CT+TT)=1.01,95%CI 0.62～1.67,P>0.05)与PD易感性之间无关联性;与最常见的单倍型TC相比,AC单倍型,TT单倍型均与PD易感性无关(AC单倍型:OR=1.19,95%CI 0.84～1.69,P>0.05;TT单倍型:OR=0.99,95% CI 0.59～1.70,P>0.05).结论 中国汉族人群中,SEMA5A基因与PD发病无相关性.     

Excision repair cross complementation group 1 polymorphisms and lung cancer risk: a meta-analysis

Background  Several studies have evaluated the association between polymorphisms of encoding excision repair cross complementation group 1 (ERCC1) enzyme and lung cancer risk in diverse populations but with conflicting results. By pooling the relatively small samples in each study, it is possible to perform a meta-analysis of the evidence by rigorous methods.

Methods  Embase, Ovid, Medline and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched. Additional studies were identified from references in original studies or review articles. Articles meeting the inclusion criteria were reviewed systematically, and the reported data were aggregated using the statistical techniques of meta-analysis.

Results  We found 3810 cases with lung cancer and 4332 controls from seven eligible studies. T19007C polymorphism showed no significant effect on lung cancer risk (C allele vs. T allele: odds ratio (OR)=0.91, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.80–1.04; CC vs. TT: OR=0.76, 95% CI=0.56–1.02; CC vs. (CT+TT): OR=0.96, 95% CI=0.84–1.10). Similarly, there was no significant main effects for T19007C polymorphism on lung cancer risk when stratified analyses by ethnicity (Chinese or Caucasian). No significant association was found between C8092A polymorphism (3060 patients and 2729 controls) and the risk of lung cancer (A allele vs. C allele: OR=1.03, 95% CI=0.95–1.11; AA vs. CC: OR=1.08, 95% CI=0.88–1.33; AA vs. (AC+CC): OR=1.08, 95% CI=0.88–1.31).

Conclusion  We found little evidence of an association between the T1900C or C8092A polymorphisms of ERCC 1 and the risk of lung cancer in Caucasian or Han Chinese people.

     

Use of statins and risk of fractures

CONTEXT: Previous studies have reported lower fracture risks in patients taking 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins). OBJECTIVE: To investigate risk of fracture among statin users. DESIGN: Case-control study of data from the General Practice Research Database (GPRD). SETTING: A total of 683 general clinical practices in the United Kingdom. PATIENTS: Cases were 81 880 patients aged 50 years or older who had a fracture of the vertebrae, clavicle, humerus, radius/ulna, carpus, hip, ankle, or foot occurring between the enrollment date of their practice into the GPRD and July 1999, paired with 81 880 age-, sex-, and practice-matched controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Risk of fracture in current users vs nonusers of statins. Odds ratios were estimated from conditional logistic regression and adjusted for smoking, medications and illnesses associated with fracture risk, and body mass index when known. RESULTS: The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for current use of statins compared with nonuse was 1.01 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.88-1.16). For forearm, hip, and vertebral fractures, the ORs were 1.01 (95% CI, 0.80-1.27), 0.59 (95% CI, 0.31-1.13), and 1.15 (95% CI, 0.62-2.14), respectively. Relative to nonuse, a statin dosage of less than 20 mg/d (standardized to simvastatin) was associated with an adjusted OR of fracture of 1.13 (95% CI, 0.96-1.33); this OR was 1.07 (95% CI, 0.82-1.38) at dosages of 20 to 39.9 mg/d and 0.85 (95% CI, 0.47-1.53) at dosages of 40 mg/d or more. The adjusted OR was 0.71 (95% CI, 0.50-1.01) for statin use durations of 0 to 3 months, 1.31 (95% CI, 0.87-1.95) for durations of 3 to 6 months, 1.14 (95% CI, 0.82-1.58) for durations of 6 to 12 months, and 1.17 (95% CI, 0.99-1.40) for durations of more than 12 months. CONCLUSION: In this study, use of statins at dosages prescribed in clinical practice was not associated with a reduction in risk of fracture.     

Associations of Sarcopenia,Handgrip Strength and Calf Circumference with Cognitive Impairment among Chinese Older Adults

Objective To evaluate the associations of sarcopenia, handgrip strength and calf circumference with cognitive impairment among Chinese older adults. Methods Totally 2,525 older adults were recruited from the Healthy Aging and Biomarkers Cohort Study. Cognitive impairment was assessed by the Chinese Mini-Mental State Examination. Handgrip strength was calculated from the means of the right and left hand values. Calf circumference was measured at the site of maximum circumference of the non-dominant leg. The formula developed by Ishii was used to define sarcopenia. Multiple logistic regression was performed to evaluate the associations of sarcopenia, handgrip strength, and calf circumference with cognitive impairment. Results The prevalence of cognitive impairment was 34.36％. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for cognitive impairment in individuals with sarcopenia was 2.55 [95％ confidence interval (95％ CI):1.86-3.50]. Compared with individuals in the first quartile (Q1) of calf circumference, the adjusted ORs in the second, third, and fourth quartiles (Q2, Q3, and Q4) were 0.75 (95％ CI: 0.58-0.96), 0.59 (95％ CI:0.44-0.79), and 0.62 (95％ CI: 0.45-0.8), respectively. Compared with individuals in Q1 of handgrip strength, the adjusted ORs for Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 0.49 (95％ CI: 0.38-0.62), 0.31 (95％ CI: 0.23-0.41), and 0.30 (95％ CI: 0.21-0.44), respectively. Conclusion Sarcopenia, identified by low handgrip strength and low calf circumference, was positively associated with cognitive impairment.     

ERCP术后胆总管结石复发危险因素的Meta分析

目的 采用荟萃分析的方法系统评价内镜逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)后胆总管结石复发的危险因素,为预防其复发提供参考依据.方法 计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、EMbase、CBMdisc、CNKI、WANGFANG等数据库,采用Cochrane协作网推荐的RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析.结果 最终共纳入18篇回顾性病例对照研究,共计患者10797例.Meta分析结果示,合并乳头旁憩室(OR=2.43,95%CI:1.84~3.21)、术前多发结石(OR=1.63,95%CI:1.20~2.20)、术前结石直径>1 cm(OR=2.53,95%CI:1.73~3.70)、胆总管直径>15 mm(OR=2.39,95%CI:1.84~3.11)、合并胆囊结石(OR=1.20,95%CI:0.82~1.76)、胆道狭窄(OR=2.70,95%CI:1.66~4.41)、机械碎石术(OR=2.15,95%CI:1.65~2.79)、胆道手术史(OR=10.90,95%CI:6.07~19.56)、胆道积气(OR=2.05,95%CI:1.52~2.77)、乳头大切开(OR=2.80,95%CI:1.61~4.84)、老年人(OR=1.62,95%CI:1.13~2.31)等因素与ERCP术后胆总管结石复发高度相关.结论 ERCP取石后胆总管结石复发受多种因素影响,应当根据具体情况采用针对性措施降低复发率.     

儿童偏矮身材的中医体质分布及风险预测模型构建

目的 调查北京市海淀区学龄前儿童偏矮身材的中医体质和其他影响因素并构建风险预测模型,为儿童偏矮身材的防治提供参考。方法 运用整群抽样和问卷调查方法,共纳入1 612例北京市海淀区学龄前儿童作为研究对象。偏矮身材影响因素的效应大小用比值比（odds ratio,OR）及其95%置信区间（confidence interval,CI）表示。使用STATA 14.0进行统计分析,采用R软件绘制列线图风险预测模型。结果 儿童偏矮身材检出率为14.0%。偏矮身材组和正常身高组阴虚质的分布差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示偏矮身材的显著影响因素是父亲身高（OR=0.90,95% CI为0.87~0.93,P=0.000）、母亲身高（OR=0.89,95% CI为0.86~0.92,P=0.000）、出生身长（OR=0.92,95% CI为0.87~0.97,P=0.002）、出生体质量（OR=0.48,95%CI为0.36~0.65,P=0.000）、母乳喂养时间大于12个月（OR=1.51,95% CI为1.11~2.05,P=0.008）、阴虚质（OR=1.19,95% CI为1.01~1.39,P=0.038）。根据显著影响因素构建列线图风险预测模型,一致性指数为71.0%（P<0.001）。结论 儿童偏矮身材可能是遗传、出生情况、母乳喂养和中医体质多因素影响作用的结果。     

强直性脊柱炎遗传易感性和白细胞介素-1基因多态性的荟萃分析

目的评价白细胞介素（IL）-1基因多态性与强直性脊柱炎（AS）发病的相关性。方法利用荟萃分析的方法综合已发表的相关文献中的研究数据。检索Pubmed、EMBASE、Coehrane图书馆和中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）,收集所有AS相关的病例对照研究。纳入标准：纳入文献内容涉及白细胞介素（IL）-1基因多态性与AS的病例对照研究;AS诊断按照1984年修订的纽约诊断标准,由风湿专科医生作出诊断;原始数据提供等位基因频率和／或基因型频率;被研究位点在对照人群中符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡。剔除标准：不符合纳入标准,重复报道及家系研究。结果（1）经全面检索纳入6篇文献,共9个研究人群。总体数据合并统计呈明显异质性。分别按高加索人种和蒙古人种进行分层后亚组内各研究间具有同质性。（2）荟萃分析显示,IL-1RN第2内含子中的数目可变串联重复（VNTR）多态性等位基因2在高加索人种AS患者中频率增高,该等位基因OR=1．52（95％CI=1．26～1．84,P〈0．01）,相应基因型OR=1．33（95％CI=1．04～1．70,P〈0．05）;但是,该等位基因在蒙古人种AS患者中的频率比对照组低,等位基因OR=0．55（95％CI=0．38～0．81,P〈0．01）,基因型OR=O．51（95％CI=O．34～0．77,P〈0．01）。（3）IL-1A-889C〉T（rs1800587）的次要等位基因T在高加索人种AS患者中频率增高,OR=1．36（95％CI=1．12～1．66,P〈0．01）,相应基因型C／T＋T／T的OR=1．56（95％CI=1．20～2．03,P〈0．01）。但在蒙古人种人群中差异无统计学意义。（4）在高加索人种人群中,IL-1F8的SNP rs1900287的次要等位基因G在AS患者中频率增加,OR=1．22（95％CI=1．04～1．44,P〈0．05）。结论作为一种复杂性状疾病,AS发病的遗传易感因素可能与IL-1基因多态性相关,相关的多态性位点有IL-1RN第2内含子86bpVNTR、IL-1A-889 C〉T（rs1800587）和IL-1F8的SNP rs1900287。IL-1基因多态性与疾病的关联有明显的人种差异。     

成人急性髓细胞白血病发病危险因素的研究

目的研究成人急性髓细胞白血病（AML）发病相关的环境及生活危险因素。方法以上海市白血病协作组29家二级、三级医院血液科为研究现场,采用1：2配对病例对照研究设计,选取2003年6月至2007年4月间确诊的206例住院成人AML患者,均符合2001年WHOAML诊断标准,有明确肿瘤放射治疗及化学治疗史者AML除外。对照组选自该院其他科室的非血液系统患者,年龄、性别为主要配对条件。用统一的调查表进行危险因素问卷调查,内容包括家族史、疾病既往史、用药史、职业有害因素和生活有害因素接触史,采用条件logistic回归进行单因素和多因素分析。结果单因素及多因素logistic回归分析发现,服用中草药为可能的保护因素（OR：0．39,95％C1：0．16～0．98）;糖尿病史及服用降糖药（OR=1．39,95％CI：0．67～2．87）,金属类职业接触史（OR=1．73,95％CI：0．77～3．91）,职业接触其他物质包括胶水、油漆、涂料等（OR=1．72,95％CI：0．93～3．2）,从事饲养家禽家畜（OR=1．33,95％CI：0．79—2．24）等为成人AML患病的可疑危险因素。未发现居住在距离高压输电线100m内、1年内装修、染发、吸烟、饮酒与成人AML患病有相关性。结论上述危险因素如金属类接触史、职业接触胶水、油漆、涂料等可能增加了罹患AML的风险,而服用中草药为可能的保护因素。     

Prevalence and risk factors for left ventricular hypertrophy and left ventricular geometric abnormality in the patients with hypertension among Han Chinese

Background  Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and geometric abnormality are associated with morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease and stroke. Hypertension is the major cause of LVH. Yet the prevalence and other risk factors of LVH and geometric abnormality in Chinese hypertensive population are unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of LVH and geometric abnormality in community-based Chinese hypertensive population.

Methods  The study was a community-based cross-sectional study, and comprised 4270 hypertension patients with integrated clinical and echocardiographic data. Left ventricular mass was measured by transthoracic echocardiography. LVH was diagnosed by using the criteria of over 49.2 g/m^2.7 for men and 46.7 g/m^2.7 for women. LV geometric patterns (normal, concentric remodeling, concentric or eccentric hypertrophy) were calculated according to LVH and relative wall thickness. Logistic regression model was used to determine the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the risk factors of LVH.

Results  The prevalence of LVH was 42.7% in 4270 hypertensive patients, with 37.4% in males and 45.4% in females, respectively. The prevalence of concentric remodeling, concentric or eccentric hypertrophy was 24.7%, 20.2%, and 22.6%, respectively. In Logistic regression model, female (OR 1.3, 95%CI 1.1–1.5, P <0.01), age (OR 1.02, 95%CI 1.01–1.03, P <0.01), body mass index (OR 1.2, 95%CI 1.15–1.20, P <0.01), systolic blood pressure (OR 1.02, 95%CI 1.01–1.03, P <0.01), and serum triglyceride (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.00–1.20, P <0.01) were risk factors of LVH. Female, age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure and serum triglyceride were also risk factors of left ventricular geometric abnormality.

Conclusions  The echocardiographic LVH is the major complication of patients with hypertension in rural area of China, especially for women. To effectively treat hypertension, weight loss and control of serum triglyceride may help to prevent LVH in hypertensive population.

     

脑梗死和脑出血患者的临床特点及长期预后观察

目的 探讨不同类型卒中的危险因素、病因、死亡原因和预后.方法 基于华西医院卒中登记,脑卒中分为出血性和缺血性,缺血性卒中亚型是依据牛津郡社区卒中项目分类原则.分析住院患者的人口学特点、危险因素、死亡原因和1年末结局.结果 2002年3月至2005年9月,共纳入1913例资料完整的卒中患者,其中脑出血599例(31.3%);缺血性脑卒中1314例(68.7%).后者中完全前循环梗死209例(15.9%),部分前循环梗死417例(31.7%),后循环梗死186例(14.2%),腔隙性梗死502例(38.2%).校正年龄和性别,多因素分析显示,房颤是完全前循环梗死的独立预测因素(OR=1.42,95% CI=1.25～2.31);高血压和饮酒是腔隙性梗死(OR=1.24,95% CI=1.02～2.18;OR=1.12,95% CI=1.03～3.04)和脑出血(OR=1.84,95% CI=1.31～3.02;OR=1.04,95% CI=1.01～4.13)的独立预测因素.完全前循环梗死与高血压呈负相关(OR=0.62,95% CI=0.34～0.72),腔隙性梗死与房颤呈负相关(OR=0.46,95% CI=0.26～0.82),脑出血与糖尿病亦呈负相关(OR=0.56,95% CI=0.42～0.76).以腔隙性梗死为参照,完全前循环梗死(OR=6.21,95% CI=2.86～8.42)和脑出血(OR=5.86,95% CI=2.46～8.52)明显增加患者1年死亡风险.结论 不同类型卒中的危险因素、病因和结局不同.确定卒中亚型对于急性期治疗和预防有重要意义.     

The Status and Associated Factors of Successful Aging among Older Adults Residing in Longevity Areas in China

Objective This study aims to assess the status of successful aging(SA) in longevity areas in China and explore multiple factors associated with SA among the young-old and oldest-old. Methods A total of 2296 elderly people aged 65 and older were interviewed in the longevity areas sub-sample of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(CLHLS) in 2012. Baseline assessments included a researcher-administered questionnaire, physical examination, and laboratory testing. A logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with SA. Results The prevalence of SA was 38.81% in the CLHLS in 2012. There were significant differences between ages groups, with SA compromising 56.85% among ≥65 years group and 20.31% among ≥100 years group(χ_(trend)~2=126.73, P0.01). The prevalence of SA among females was 33.59%, which was significantly lower than that among males(45.58%)(χ2gender=33.65, P0.05). In the regression analysis, having anemia(OR=0.744, 95% CI: 0.609-0.910), poor lifestyle(OR=0.697, 95% CI: 0.568-0.854), poor sleep quality(OR=0.558, 95% CI: 0.456-0.682), and central obesity(OR=0.684, 95% CI: 0.556-0.841) were the main factors associated with SA. The promoting SA rate decreased as age increased, and the group of 65-79 years had higher odds than the other age group. Conclusion Preventing central obesity, improving sleep quality and promoting healthy lifestyle may contribute to achieve SA among the elderly.     

泌尿系结石日间手术患者延迟出院的危险因素分析

  目的  探讨泌尿系结石日间手术患者延迟出院的危险因素。  方法  回顾性分析广州医科大学附属第一医院泌尿外科2019年1—12月泌尿系结石日间手术的749名患者的电子病历资料,根据患者出院时间将其分为延迟出院组(71例)和正常出院组(678例),对2组患者的一般资料、术后1 h生命体征和常见血液学指标等进行比较,用logistic回归分析研究患者术后延迟出院的危险因素。  结果  泌尿系结石日间手术患者延迟出院的发生率为9.5%。Logistic回归分析显示年龄(OR=3.209,95% CI:1.621~6.352,P=0.001)、PCNL治疗(OR=2.212,95% CI:1.290~3.793,P=0.004)、体温(OR=4.363,95% CI:1.967~9.682,P < 0.001)、中性粒细胞比率(neutrophil ratio,NEUT;OR=1.973,95% CI:1.156~3.370,P=0.013)、血红蛋白(hemoglobin,Hb;OR=2.776,95% CI:1.170~6.582,P=0.020)和血清钾(serum potassium,K+;OR=2.680,95% CI:1.162~6.177,P=0.021)是患者延迟出院的独立危险因素。  结论  高龄、行PCNL、术后1 h体温＞38 ℃、NEUT＞70%、Hb＜90 g/L和低血钾的日间手术患者延迟出院风险增加,医护人员应重点关注并及时应对,以减少日间手术风险,提高其质量和安全性。      

宫颈癌相关危险因素致病风险的Meta分析

目的综合评价我国女性宫颈癌相关危险因素的关联强度。方法系统收集1990年1月～2011年6月宫颈癌相关危险因素的研究文献,纳入合格研究文献16篇,共计研究对象11 126例。按照NOS标准对纳入文献进行质量评价;采用Stata10.0软件进行Meta分析,得到各相关危险因素与宫颈癌发病风险关联强度合并的OR值及其95%可信区间。结果文献质量评价A级文献6篇、B级文献10篇。在分析的16个因素中有12个因素差异具有统计学意义,与妊娠相关的危险因素及其OR值(95%可信区间)分别为:怀孕≥3次2.384(95%CI:1.659～3.425)、分娩≥3次2.265(95%CI:1.669～3.074)、流产≥3次3.713(95%CI:2.470～5.581)和初次怀孕年龄≤21岁2.390(95%CI:1.731～3.225);与性行为相关的危险因素分别为:结婚≥2次2.522(95%CI:1.714～3.713)、初次性生活年龄≤20岁3.467(95%CI:2.456～4.893)、性伴侣≥3个2.539(95%CI:1.613～3.996);与妇科疾病相关的因素分别为:性传播疾病史5.861(95%CI:1.048～13.67)、妇科病史4.807(95%CI:2.899～7.971);另外,受教育程度≤9年3.536(95%CI:2.204～5.672)、主动或被动吸烟3.055(95%CI:2.435～3.833)和农村或郊区居住地2.134(95%CI:1.010～4.509)等环境因素也与发病风险相关。结论妊娠等相关因素与我国女性宫颈癌发病风险密切相关。     

Gender-specific Association of Sleep Duration with Body Mass Index,Waist Circumference,and Body Fat in Chinese Adults

Objective To examine the association between habitual sleep duration and obesity among Chinese adults. Methods The association of sleep duration and obesity was investigated among 7,094 community-dwelling Chinese adults. Sleep duration was self-reported. In this study, obesity was defined as follows: body mass index(BMI) ≥ 28 kg/m~2, waist circumference(WC) ≥ 85 cm in men and ≥ 80 cm in women, and percent body fat(%BF) ≥ 25 in men and ≥ 35 in women. Logistic and quantile regressions were employed to examine relationships of interest. Results Overall, 6.42% of the participants reported short sleep durations( 6 h/d) while 14.71% reported long(≥ 9 h/d) sleep durations. Long sleepers(≥ 9 h/d) represented a greater frequency of women with obesity [odds ratio(OR): 1.30; 95% confidence interval(CI), 1.02-1.67] and high body fat(1.43, 1.04-1.96) than those who slept 7-8 h/d. An association between long sleep times and higher BMI estimations was found across the 10~(th)-75~(th) percentile of the BMI distribution. Among men, long sleepers(≥ 9 h/d) presented lower risks of developing abdominal obesity compared with individuals who slept 7-8 h/d(OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.44-0.99). Conclusion Our study suggests that long sleep durations are associated with general obesity in Chinese women but reduced waist circumferences in men. Confirmatory studies are needed to determine the heterogeneous association of sleep time and obesity by gender.