miR-30e-5p通过靶向ATG5基因调控肝癌细胞增殖、凋亡及自噬

为探讨miR-30e-5p对人肝癌细胞增殖、凋亡及自噬的影响及其潜在的分子机制,为肝癌的诊断和治疗提供新的靶点,采用qRT-PCR检测人正常肝细胞HL-7702及人肝癌细胞MHCC97H、Huh7、HCCLM3中miR-30e-5p的表达量,采用脂质体转染技术将miR-30e-5p mimics转染至MHCC97H细胞...     

miR-155通过抑制靶基因Rheb促进血管内皮细胞自噬

目的 研究miR-155抑制Rheb促进血管内皮细胞自噬的机制.方法 应用生物信息学方法预测Rheb基因3′UTR区与miR-155的结合位点并通过双荧光素酶报告基因试验进行验证;转染miR-155 mimics和miR-155 inhibitor进入氧化低密度脂蛋白刺激的人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC),实时荧光定量P...     

抗衰老Klotho蛋白对高糖作用下血管内皮细胞的保护作用

目的:研究抗衰老Klotho蛋白对高糖作用下血管内皮细胞的保护作用及其作用机制。方法:体外培养人脐静脉血管内皮细胞(HUVECs),设置PBS对照组、5.5 mmol/L葡萄糖组、33.3 mmol/L葡萄糖组、0.1μmol/L Klotho+33.3 mmol/L葡萄糖组、1μmol/L Klotho+33.3 mmol/L葡萄糖组和10μmol/L Klotho+33.3 mmol/L葡萄糖组。使用MTT法检测各组细胞活力;同时检测各组细胞培养上清中丙二醛(MDA)的含量以及乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)的活性;流式细胞术检测各组细胞中活性氧(ROS)含量变化;ELISA检测各组细胞培养液中一氧化氮(NO)、内皮素1(ET-1)和细胞间黏附分子1(ICAM-1)的浓度变化;Western blot法检测各组细胞中核因子κB(NF-κB)蛋白的表达。结果:与PBS对照组相比,33.3 mmol/L葡萄糖能够显著降低HUVECs的细胞活力,增加细胞中ROS的含量,增加细胞培养上清中LDH活性和MDA含量,降低SOD和GSH的活性,同时降低NO分泌,诱导ET-1、ICAM-1分泌及细胞中NF-κB蛋白的表达(P0.05)。不同浓度Klotho蛋白和33.3 mmol/L高糖同时作用HUVECs时,细胞活力逐渐上升,ROS和MDA含量以及LDH活性逐渐下降,SOD和GSH活性则逐渐上升,同时NO分泌增加,ET-1、ICAM-1分泌及NF-κB蛋白表达显著下降(P0.05)。结论:抗衰老Klotho蛋白能够提升高糖作用下HUVECs的细胞活力,减少高糖诱导的ROS生成及氧化损伤,恢复HUVECs的正常分泌功能,并通过减少NF-κB蛋白表达发挥抗损伤作用。     

miR-155/自噬/外泌体对酒精性肝病的影响

目的:研究酒精性肝病(ALD)中酒精持续激活小鼠肝脏巨噬细胞(即Kupffer细胞)并诱发肝脏炎性损伤的机制.方法:使用Gao-binge法制备慢性ALD小鼠模型,观察肝损伤,检测外泌体的浓度和大小分布,Western blot和RT-qPCR检测自噬相关蛋白和微小RNA-155(miR-155)的表达.体外实验中,对...     

miR-183靶向Bnip3l对缺氧/复氧的小鼠海马神经元细胞线粒体自噬的影响

目的 探讨miR-183调控缺氧/复氧(H/R)的海马神经元细胞线粒体自噬的机制.方法 将小鼠源海马神经元HT-22细胞分为对照组、缺氧/复氧模型组(HR组)、miR-183过表达组(miR-183 mimics组)、阴性对照组(miR-183 NC组).用缺氧3 h+复氧12 h方法建立缺氧/复氧模型,miR-183...     

灵芝孢子保护糖尿病模型大鼠附睾及对自噬的影响

背景：糖尿病引起的高血糖与男性生殖不育密切相关,灵芝孢子长期以来被认为具有抗衰老、改善血糖水平的功能。然而灵芝孢子对糖尿病附睾的保护作用机制未见详细报道。目的：探讨灵芝孢子对糖尿病附睾的保护作用机制。方法：雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常组（n=10）、高脂高糖组（n=10）和模型组（n=20）。正常组正常喂养,高脂高糖组和模型组大鼠饲以高脂高糖饮食。模型组大鼠在高脂高糖饮食基础上腹腔注射链脲佐菌素30 mg/kg诱导糖尿病大鼠模型,将造模成功的大鼠随机分为糖尿病组和灵芝孢子组（n=10）;其中灵芝孢子组大鼠灌胃灵芝孢子300 mg/（kg·d）;高脂高糖组与糖尿病组大鼠灌胃等量生理盐水,持续饲以高脂高糖饮食,连续干预12周。称体质量,检测空腹血糖、超氧化物歧化酶活性及丙二醛水平,并检测精子畸形率;苏木精-伊红染色观察大鼠附睾结构变化,Western blot检测大鼠附睾组织裂解半胱氨酸蛋白酶3和beclin1、p62、LC3蛋白表达,免疫组织化学染色法检测大鼠附睾组织裂解半胱氨酸蛋白酶3和p62的蛋白表达。结果与结论：（1）灵芝孢子可显著恢复附睾功能,明显改善附睾组织病理结构,提高细胞自噬和...     

自噬参与香烟烟雾提取物诱导的肺动脉内皮细胞凋亡

目的:探讨自噬在香烟烟雾提取物(cigarette smoke extract,CSE)诱导人肺动脉内皮细胞(human pulmonary artery endothelial cells,HPAECs)凋亡中的作用。方法:常规培养HPAECs,分为对照组、CSE组、3-甲基腺嘌呤(3-methyladenine,3-MA)组和3-MA+CSE组,应用Hoechst 33342染色和Annexin V/PI流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,单丹磺酰尸胺(monodansylcadaverine,MDC)染色观察细胞自噬泡形成,Western bolt测定自噬相关蛋白beclin-1、LC3与cleaved caspase-3的水平。结果:MDC染色示CSE处理可以诱导细胞产生自噬泡,Western blot结果示自噬相关蛋白LC3及beclin-1表达升高,3-MA预处理后抑制上述蛋白的表达。Hoechst 33342染色和Annexin V/PI流式结果显示CSE组细胞凋亡率较对照组明显增加,在3-MA+CSE组,细胞凋亡率较CSE组进一步升高;同时,CSE组细胞cleaved caspase-3蛋白水平较对照组明显升高(P0.05),3-MA+CSE组的caspase-3表达较CSE组进一步升高。结论:CSE能诱导HPAECs发生自噬和凋亡,抑制自噬能够进一步促进CSE对HPAECs的凋亡作用,这种作用可通过激活caspase-3实现。     

当归对高糖所致内皮细胞损伤的保护作用

目的:研究高糖培养液对体外培养人脐静脉内皮细胞株ECV304的影响及当归注射液对高糖培养环境中内皮细胞功能的保护作用。方法:在RPMI1640培养液中培养内皮细胞后,分成对照组、高糖培养组、高糖+当归组、当归组,培养48h后观察各组内皮细胞形态、检测培养液中一氧化氮(NO)浓度和ECV304细胞增殖活性。结果:高糖培养ECV304细胞有肿胀现象,且数量减少;当归干预后,ECV304细胞形态与对照组相似,且数量增多。高糖培养的ECV304细胞增殖活性和NO浓度较高糖+当归组显著减少(P<0.05),而当归组与对照组无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:当归注射液可以预防高糖培养对内皮细胞增殖及分泌NO功能的损害,从而对糖尿病患者的血管损害可能起到一定的保护作用。     

miR-181a参与调控香烟提取物诱导的NR8383肺泡巨噬细胞自噬紊乱与促炎因子的生成

目的:探讨微小RNA-181a(miR-181a)对香烟提取物(CSE)诱导的NR8383大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞自噬紊乱与促炎因子生成的影响。方法:采用5%、10%和20%浓度的CSE刺激NR8383细胞,ELISA法检测肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)和IL-8的分泌,RT-qPCR检测miR-181a水平,Cyto-ID染色检测自噬体数量,Western blot法检测LC3-Ⅱ、beclin-1和p62的表达。在20%CSE条件下,采用自噬抑制剂3-甲基腺嘌呤(3-MA)或自噬激动剂雷帕霉素(Rapa)预处理细胞,ELISA检测TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8的分泌;进一步转染miR-181a mimic或miR-181a inhibitor后,分别采用ELISA和Western blot观察在20%CSE条件下,细胞TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8分泌及LC3-Ⅱ、beclin-1和p62表达的情况。结果:CSE浓度依赖性促进NR8383细胞促炎因子生成和自噬紊乱;3-MA促进CSE诱导的NR8383细胞促炎因子释放,而Rapa部分逆转CSE诱导的NR8383细胞促炎因子释放;miR-181a mimic显著抑制CSE诱导的NR8383细胞促炎因子生成,促进自噬,miR-181a inhibitor促进CSE诱导的NR8383细胞促炎因子生成,加剧自噬紊乱。结论:miR-181a调控CSE诱导的NR8383细胞促炎因子释放可能与其调控自噬紊乱有关。     

miR-1908抑制高糖诱导的人视网膜血管内皮细胞系HRECs凋亡

目的探讨miR-1908对高糖诱导的人视网膜血管内皮细胞(HRECs)凋亡的影响及分子机制。方法培养HRECs细胞,分为对照组和高糖组,RT-qPCR检测细胞中miR-1908表达水平。转染miR-1908模拟物(mimics)、整合素连接激酶(ILK)的小干扰RNA至HRECs细胞,qRT-PCR和Western blot分别检测miR-1908和ILK蛋白表达验证转染效率。使用高糖干预过表达miR-1908或ILK表达抑制的HRECs细胞,流式细胞仪检测凋亡率,Western blot检测B淋巴细胞瘤-2 (Bcl-2)和B淋巴细胞瘤-2相关蛋白(Bax)表达水平。双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证miR-1908和ILK之间关系。结果与对照组比,高糖组HRECs细胞中miR-1908的表达水平显著降低(P0.05)。过表达miR-1908或ILK表达可降低高糖诱导的HRECs细胞凋亡率(P0.05),上调Bcl-2蛋白表达(P0.05),下调Bax蛋白表达(P0.05)。miR-1908负调控ILK表达,ILK过表达逆转了miR-1908对HRECs细胞凋亡率、Bcl-2和Bax蛋白表达的影响。结论 miR-1908可能通过负调控ILK表达上调Bcl-2蛋白表达,下调Bax蛋白表达抑制HRECs细胞的凋亡。     

葡萄糖、胰岛素对血管内皮细胞功能的影响

目的 研究葡萄糖(GLU)、胰岛索(INS)对内皮细胞(ECs)-氧化氮(NO)和内皮素-1(ET-1)生成及其mRNA水平的影响，探讨糖尿病血管并发症与血管内皮功能异常的关系。方法 用放免法测定ECscGMP和ET-1水平，cGMP用来反映NO的量；半定量RT-PER检测一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)mRNA和ET-lmRNA水平。结果 (1)高浓度GLU(20mM，40mM)能促进ECs合成cGMP和ET-1，并上调eNOSmRNA水平：(2)INS(0．18nmol／L～6nmol／L)能促进ECs生成cGMP，INS(1．8nmol／L～6nmol／L)能增加ECs合成ET-1，并上调ET-1mRNA水平；(3)在高浓度GLU下，INS(1．8nmol／L)刺激NO的生成作用明显降低。(4)在相同浓度GLU(20mM，40mM)、INS(1．8nmol／L～6nmol／L)下，ET-1增加的倍数远高于cGMP增加的倍数。结论 高浓度GLU和INS可直接导致血管内皮细胞功能的异常，促进了糖尿病血管并发症的发生、发展。     

High Glucose Disrupts Mitochondrial Morphology in Retinal Endothelial Cells : Implications for Diabetic Retinopathy

Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in diabetic complications; however, it is unknown whether hyperglycemia affects mitochondrial morphology and metabolic capacity during development of diabetic retinopathy. We investigated high glucose (HG) effects on mitochondrial morphology, membrane potential heterogeneity, cellular oxygen consumption, extracellular acidification, cytochrome c release, and apoptosis in retinal endothelial cells. Rat retinal endothelial cells grown in normal (5 mmol/L) or HG (30 mmol/L) medium and double-stained with MitoTracker Green and tetramethylrhodamine-ethyl-ester-perchlorate were examined live with confocal microscopy. Images were analyzed for mitochondrial shape change using Form Factor and Aspect Ratio values, and membrane potential heterogeneity, using deviation of fluorescence intensity values. Rat retinal endothelial cells grown in normal or HG medium were analyzed for transient changes in oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification using an XF-24 flux analyzer, cytochrome c release by Western blot, and apoptosis by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay. Rat retinal endothelial cells grown in HG medium exhibited increased mitochondrial fragmentation concurrent with membrane potential heterogeneity. Metabolic analysis showed increased extracellular acidification in HG with reduced steady state/maximal oxygen consumption. Cytochrome c and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling-positive cells were also increased in HG. Thus, HG-induced mitochondrial fragmentation with concomitant increase in membrane potential heterogeneity, reduced oxygen consumption, and cytochrome c release may underlie apoptosis of retinal endothelial cells as seen in diabetic retinopathy.Diabetes is characterized by hyperglycemia and consequent functional failure of various target organs including the eye. In the working-age population, diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness,¹ which is triggered at least in part by hyperglycemia-induced apoptosis. While biochemical studies have implicated mitochondrial dysfunction as an underlying mechanism for inducing apoptosis,² the implications of mitochondrial structural changes in this process have only recently begun to be examined. In most cell types, mitochondria exist as long tubular networks that are precisely regulated by the rates of mitochondrial fusion and fission events. Disruption in this delicate balance induces altered mitochondrial membrane potential heterogeneity,^3,4,5 mitochondrial fragmentation, and apoptosis.^6,7,8Although oxidative stress is known to increase in diabetic retinas and trigger pro-apoptotic actions of mitochondria including the release of cytochrome c, it is currently unclear if compromised mitochondrial structure is a necessary event for high glucose (HG)-mediated apoptosis. We have shown that HG induces apoptosis in the rat retinal endothelial cells (RRECs)⁹ and recent studies have indicated that HG causes mitochondrial dysfunction through oxidative damage of mitochondrial DNA and contributes to apoptosis in the human retinal endothelial cells.¹⁰ In various cell types, including rat hepatocytes, myoblast, ventricular myocyte cells, bovine aortic endothelial cells, and mouse smooth muscle cells, exposure to HG has been shown to induce mitochondrial fragmentation but it is currently unknown whether mitochondrial morphology is affected by HG in the retinal endothelial cells and whether this impacts oxygen consumption rate, an index for mitochondrial metabolic activity.^7,8,11Altered mitochondrial morphology has been associated with membrane potential heterogeneity³ and increased oxidative stress in HG conditions.^7,8,11,12,13 A recent study indicated that HG decreases membrane potential and increases reactive oxygen species production.¹⁰ Changes in mitochondrial morphology promote the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, a critical step that leads to reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and commits cells to apoptosis.¹⁴ Interestingly, antidiabetic drug (metformin) prevented HG-induced endothelial cell death through a mitochondrial permeability transition-dependent process.¹⁵ Other studies have implicated mitochondrial fragmentation as the precursor to mitochondrial permeability transition, which is recognized as the “point of no return” for almost all signal-transduction cascades leading to apoptosis.^16,17,18,19Although apoptosis occurs early and promotes dysfunction of the diabetic retina, the effect of HG on mitochondrial morphology and metabolic activity in the onset and progression of endothelial cell loss in diabetic retinopathy is unclear. In human diabetic eyes and in animal models of diabetic retinopathy, increased number of acellular capillaries and pericyte ghosts develop due to apoptotic cell loss in the retinal capillaries.²⁰ Retinal endothelial cells and pericytes grown in HG condition show increased number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells, confirming that vascular cell loss seen in diabetic retinopathy is due to HG-induced apoptosis.²¹ The purpose of this study was to establish if apoptosis in retinal endothelial cells involves changes in mitochondrial shape, membrane potential heterogeneity, oxygen consumption, extracellular acidification, and concomitant cytochrome c release, and whether these changes are attributable to HG effect.     

持续性和波动性高糖培养对人视网膜色素上皮细胞炎性因子表达的影响

目的:观察波动性和持续性高糖对人视网膜色素上皮细胞(HRPE)炎性因子表达的影响。方法:取常规培养对数期HRPE(2×10~5/ml)接种于24孔板,无血清DMEM培养至细胞同步于G_0/G_1期,加入条件培养液继续培养,并据此分组:(1)低浓度葡萄糖(5.5mmol/L)培养对照组(N组);(2)不同渗透压对照培养组(P组),包括25mmol/L渗透压对照组(P_1组,即用5.5mmol/L葡萄糖和19.5mmol/L甘露醇培养)和33mmol/L渗透压对照组(P_2组,即用5.5mmol/L葡萄糖和27.5mmol/L甘露醇培养);(3)持续性高浓度葡萄糖培养组(H组),包括25mmol/L持续高糖培养(H_1组)和33mmol/L持续高糖培养(H_2组)。(4)波动性高浓度葡萄糖培养(F组),包括25/5.5mmol/L葡萄糖交替培养(F_1组,即高糖3h,低糖2h,轮替交换,日间交换3次,25mmol/L葡萄糖过夜)和33/5.5mmol/L葡萄糖交替培养(F_2组,即高糖3h,低糖2h,轮替交换,日间交换3次,33mmol/L葡萄糖过夜)。各组均培养72h,并于培养24h、48h、72h检测分析HRPE培养上清液中细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量变化。结果:组内比较,同组HRPE条件培养24h、48h、72h,其上清液ICAM-1、TNF-α表达量差异无统计学意义(均P0.05)。组间比较,P组ICAM-1和TNF-α水平与N组无明显差异(P0.05),H组和F组均高于N组(P0.01),F组较H组升高更显著(P0.01),P_1和P_2、H_1和H_2、F_1和F_2各两亚组间差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:波动性高浓度葡萄糖刺激对HRPE的炎性损伤较持续性高糖更为明显,对糖尿病视网膜危害更大。     

津力达颗粒预处理对高糖诱导小鼠胰岛微血管内皮细胞和人脐静脉内皮细胞增殖及凋亡的影响

目的:观察中药津力达颗粒预处理对高糖诱导的小鼠胰岛微血管内皮细胞(MS-1)及人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)增殖及凋亡的影响。方法:体外培养MS-1及HUVEC株,均随机分为正常浓度葡萄糖(5.5mmol/L)培养组(正常对照组)、高浓度葡萄糖(33mmol/L)培养组(高糖组)、不同浓度津力达颗粒(12.5μg/ml、25μg/ml、50μg/ml、100μg/ml、200μg/ml、400μg/ml、800μg/ml)预处理24h后再高糖培养组(津力达组),各组平行培养48h后收集细胞,MTT法检测细胞增殖水平,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,包括总凋亡指数(TAI)和早期凋亡指数(EAI)。结果:与正常对照组比较,高糖组MS-1及HUVEC增殖水平(OD值)下降(P0.01),TAI和EAI升高(P0.01)。与高糖组比较,津力达组MS-1及HUVEC增殖水平随药物浓度增加而升高(P0.01),至津力达浓度800μg/ml时与正常对照组差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。津力达组MS-1和HUVEC的TAI及EAI则随药物浓度增加而降低(P0.01),但尚不能回复至正常对照组水平。结论:中药津力达颗粒升高MS-1及HUVEC增殖水平,降低MS-1及HUVEC的TAI和EAI,从而可能对胰岛功能及血管内皮功能具有一定保护作用。     

依维莫司对高糖诱导肾小球系膜细胞凋亡的保护作用

目的:观察依维莫司对高糖诱导肾小球系膜细胞(HBZY-1)凋亡的保护作用,并探讨其意义。方法:将培养HBZY-1细胞按不同葡萄糖和依维莫司浓度分组处理72h后,用磺酰罗丹明B法测量细胞OD值,计算各组细胞存活率,用Annexin V和PI双标法检测各组细胞凋亡率。结果:30mM葡萄糖处理的细胞存活率明显降低,凋亡率明显增加(均P<0.05)。不同浓度依维莫司均能提高细胞存活率(均P<0.05),其中以200ng/ml依维莫司效果最好(P<0.05);200ng/ml依维莫司具有明显抗HBZY-1细胞凋亡作用。结论:依维莫司对高糖诱导HBZY-1细胞凋亡具有保护作用,从而为其治疗糖尿病肾病提供新的研究方向。     

葡萄糖及游离脂肪酸对人血管内皮细胞凋亡的影响

为了观察葡萄糖、游离脂肪酸（FFAs）对人血管内皮细胞凋亡的影响及葡萄糖与FFAs是否具有协同作用，将培养细胞随机分为五组进行干预：对照组；葡萄糖处理组；FFAs处理组；葡萄糖与FFAs联合作用组；渗透压对照组。通过电镜、DNA片段琼脂糖凝胶电泳、流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡和细胞周期。结果：高糖、高棕榈酸组见到凋亡小体等典型凋亡改变；高糖和高FFAs使细胞阻滞在G0／G1期，凋亡峰和凋亡率明显增高（P〈0．05），并呈剂量一时间依赖性；两者联用凋亡率明显高于两者单独使用（P〈0．05）；低浓度FFAs组细胞凋亡率与对照组无显著差异（P〉0．05）。高糖和高FFAs诱导内皮细胞凋亡具有时间一效应、浓度一效应关系且具有协同作用，可能参与了糖尿病血管并发症的发病过程。     

党参多糖联合沉默调节蛋白4对体外人脐静脉糖尿病血管内皮细胞凋亡的影响

目的:研究党参多糖联合SIRT4对体外人脐静脉糖尿病血管内皮细胞凋亡的影响。方法:血管内皮细胞分成空白对照组(常规细胞培养液培养)、高糖模型组(30mmol/L葡萄糖处理)、转染阴性对照组(转染阴性对照载体并经30mmol/L葡萄糖处理)、转染SIRT4组(转染SIRT4过表达载体并经30mmol/L葡萄糖处理)、转染阴性+党参多糖组(转染阴性对照载体并经30mmol/L葡萄糖处理和100μg/ml党参多糖处理)、转染SIRT4+党参多糖组(转染SIRT4过表达载体并经30mmol/L葡萄糖处理和100μg/ml党参多糖处理)。MTT检测细胞增殖,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,ELISA检测ROS、MDA、SOD、CAT水平,JC-1染色法检测线粒体膜电位,Western blot检测C-Caspase-3蛋白和cyt-c蛋白表达。结果:与空白对照组比较,高糖模型组细胞增殖能力降低,细胞凋亡和C-Caspase-3蛋白表达增多,细胞中ROS和MDA水平升高,SOD、CAT水平下降,胞浆cyt-c蛋白增多,线粒体cyt-c蛋白减少,线粒体膜电位降低。与转染阴性对照组比较,转染SIRT4组和转染阴性+党参多糖组细胞增殖能力升高,细胞凋亡和C-Caspase-3蛋白表达减少,细胞中ROS和MDA水平降低,SOD、CAT水平升高,线粒体膜电位升高,胞浆cyt-c蛋白减少,线粒体cyt-c蛋白增多。与转染SIRT4组和转染阴性+党参多糖组比较,转染SIRT4+党参多糖组细胞增殖能力升高,细胞凋亡和C-Caspase-3蛋白表达减少,细胞中ROS和MDA水平降低,SOD、CAT水平升高,线粒体膜电位升高,胞浆cyt-c蛋白减少,线粒体cyt-c蛋白增多。结论:党参多糖联合SIRT4可抑制体外糖尿病血管内皮细胞凋亡,作用机制可能与其抑制线粒体凋亡途径有关。     

Neferine Inhibits the Upregulation of CCL5 and CCR5 in Vascular Endothelial Cells During Chronic High Glucose Treatment

We investigated whether the expressions of CCL5 and CCR5 participate in dysfunctional changes in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced by chronic high glucose treatment and examined whether neferine exerts its therapeutic effects by blocking the development of dysfunctional vascular endothelium. HUVECs were cultured with control or high concentrations of glucose in the absence or presence of neferine for 5 days. Nitric acid reductase method was used to detect the concentration of nitric oxide (NO) released into culture media. The level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by fluorescent DCFH-DA probe. The expressions of 84 genes related to endothelial cell biology were assessed by Human Endothelial Cell Biology RT² Profiler PCR Array. The expressions of the chemokine CCL5 and its receptor CCR5 were further determined by real-time RT-PCR and western blotting. PCR array indicated that CCL5 was the most significantly upregulated when HUVECs were exposed to chronic high glucose; the intracellular ROS level and the expressions of CCL5 and CCR5 at both mRNA and protein levels were significantly increased, whereas NO production was decreased simultaneously. The increased level of ROS and elevated expressions of CCL5 and CCR5 at high glucose were significantly inhibited by neferine; meanwhile the decreased NO production upon chronic high glucose treatment was relieved. An antioxidant (vitamin E) exerted similar beneficial effects. These data indicate that neferine can reduce the upregulation of CCL5 and CCR5 of vascular endothelium exposure to chronic high glucose and prevent or inhibit subsequent occurrence of inflammation in blood vessels possibly through antioxidation.