诊断超声对胎儿角膜的影响

将 90名早孕妇女 (孕 8～ 12周 )随机分为 3组 :Ⅰ组 (对照组 ) ;Ⅱ组 (超声辐照 3min组 ) ;Ⅲ组 (超声辐照 2 0min组 )。采用诊断超声辐照人体宫内胎儿 ,2 4h后取胎儿角膜做透射电镜及组织化学研究。结果表明 :诊断超声辐照 3min ,胎儿角膜出现水肿改变 ,SDH(琥珀酸脱氢酶 )活性下降 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;辐照 2 0min ,角膜结构明显损伤 ,SDH活性下降显著 (P <0 .0 1)     

超声诊断剂量与人早孕绒毛细胞凋亡

目的检测超声诊断剂量与人早孕绒毛细胞凋亡的关系.材料与方法将拟进行人工流产的24例早孕(45～60d)妇女随机分为4组对照组为空白照射组、10min组、20min组和30min组.应用Hp 8500彩色多普勒超声诊断仪,对孕囊进行不同时间的持续照射,照射后24h取材.用原位末断脱氧核苷酸转移酶标记(TUNEL)技术检测上述各组绒毛组织凋亡细胞.结果超声照射后10min组绒毛组织凋亡细胞与对照组无差别,20min组和30min组凋亡细胞明显增加,显著大于对照组和10min组(P＜0.001).结论诊断超声持续照射早孕孕囊组织＞10min可引起绒毛滋养层细胞凋亡增加,且随照射时间延长而继续增加.     

不同超声辐照联合超声造影剂对人孕早期绒毛组织的损伤作用

目的 探讨不同超声辐照联合超声造影剂对人孕早期绒毛组织超微结构及凋亡的影响.资料与方法 选择人工流产的36例患者,按就诊顺序随机分为对照组、低机械指数(MI≤0.15)造影组、高机械指数(MI=1.0)造影组(击破再灌注).其中低机械指数造影组进一步分为MI=0.07、0.09、0.13、0.15 4个亚组.造影后24h内行人工流产取出绒毛组织,透射电镜观察绒毛的超微结构,免疫组化检测Bcl-2蛋白表达.结果 电镜观察显示:高机械指数造影组与对照组及低机械指数造影组比较,绒毛组织损伤程度更明显;而各低机械指数造影组及对照组绒毛组织破坏不明显.免疫组化结果显示:高机械指数造影组绒毛合体滋养层细胞Bcl-2蛋白表达较对照组及各低机械指数造影组明显减少(P＜0 05);各低机械指数造影组与对照组Bcl-2表达变化不明显(P＞0.05).结论 高机械指数超声辐照联合超声造影剂对人早孕胚胎组织有明显损伤作用,而低机械指数超声造影在产科应用中较安全.     

振动切片法在胎儿角膜组化研究中的应用及探讨

超声诊断技术在围产医学中已广泛运用,但对于超声诊断安全性及超声生物效应的研究还远远落后超声诊断的迅速发展。目前国内外对超声生物效应的研究对象多限于离体细胞、胎盘绒毛及实验小动物等。为了进一步阐明超声诊断对人体宫内胎儿本身有何影响,本研究拟对胎儿接受超声辐射最直接的结构之一———角膜开展组织化学研究。然而对于角膜而言,组织化学研究中的关键环节组织切片却非常困难。胎儿角膜即小又薄且透明,冷冻后将之剥离进行切片的可行性很小,所以要在完整眼球上来切片。根据组织化学研究的要求,在制片过程中须保护酶的活性,常规技…     

时间-空间关联成像技术联合二维超声在胎儿心脏筛查中的应用研究

目的 :探讨时间-空间关联成像(STIC)技术在胎儿心脏筛查中的应用价值。方法 :选择正常胎儿40例(孕周为20~24周)及先天性心脏畸形胎儿21例(孕周为20~24周)。比较二维超声与STIC技术在正常组胎儿心脏标准诊断切面的显示率,以及单纯二维超声与二维超声联合STIC在先天性心脏畸形胎儿组的诊断检出率。结果:二维超声与STIC对正常胎儿心脏标准诊断切面显示率比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.900)。单纯二维超声与二维超声联合STIC对先天性心脏畸形患者例数检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.900);单纯二维超声与二维超声联合STIC对先天性心脏畸形组病变数检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.01)。结论:STIC能清晰显示胎儿心脏超声检查的标准诊断切面,对提高胎儿心脏畸形的产前诊断准确率有重要价值。     

超声介入治疗1例婴儿腹腔囊肿

1 病历简介 孕妇,32岁.孕2产1,孕35周.超声检查: 胎儿头、颈及脊柱正常.双顶径86mm,股骨长67mm,胎心率142次/min.胃泡及膀胱存在.胎儿左上腹腔内腹主动脉前方见囊腔,壁较厚不光滑,透声尚好,囊腔大小48mm×43 mm(图1).囊腔与所见内脏无关,未见有蠕动征象,羊水适量.超声诊断:(1)晚期妊娠,单活胎;(2)胎儿腹腔内囊肿(肠系膜囊肿可能性大).建议行超声引导下胎儿腹腔囊肿穿刺引流术.家属不接受,3d后催产一活女婴,腹部彩色多普勒超声示: 腹腔囊肿,大小约47mm×44mm,其内充满细密点状及间隔带状回声(图2).     

超声诊断剂量对大鼠睾丸P53，Bcl—2蛋白表达的影响

目的探讨诊断超声对大鼠睾丸组织生精细胞P53,Bcl-2蛋白表达的影响.材料与方法32只SD雄性大鼠随机分为4组Ⅰ组(对照组,空照),Ⅱ组(照射10min组),Ⅲ组(照射20min组),Ⅳ组(照射30min组).应用HP8500彩色多普勒超声诊断仪对大鼠睾丸组织分别进行不同时间的持续照射,24h后处死动物取睾丸进行免疫组化分析,观察P53,Bcl-2表达情况.结果正常对照组睾丸组织P53表达率(21.8±3.49)%,Bcl-2表达率(88.06±21.34)%.Ⅱ组与Ⅰ组无差异,Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组P53表达率显著增高,Bcl-2表达率显著降低.结论超声诊断剂量照射大鼠睾丸组织10min以上可引起P53蛋白高表达,Bcl-2低表达,从而导致细胞凋亡.     

彩色多普勒超声对胎鼠小肠上皮细胞凋亡影响的实验研究

目的 :探讨彩色多普勒超声对胎鼠小肠粘膜上皮细胞是否构成影响。方法 :2 4只孕 14天SD大鼠按彩超辐照时间不同随机等分为四组 :Ⅰ组 (对照组 ) ,Ⅱ组 (照射 10min组 ) ,Ⅲ组 (照射 2 0min组 ) ,Ⅳ组 (照射 30min组 )。仪器采用Accuson公司Sequeoia 5 12型彩色电脑声像仪 ,照射条件 :4V1探头 ,二维频率H3.0MHz ,彩色频率 3.0MHz,Tis=1.8,Micd =1.6。照射后 2 4h取胎鼠小肠标本 ,HE染色光镜观察 ,TUNEL法检测凋亡细胞 ,透射电镜观察超微结构的变化。结果 :各组光镜下观察均未见异常 ,TUNEL法检测结果 ,Ⅰ组及Ⅱ组胎鼠小肠上皮可见散在凋亡细胞 ,Ⅲ组及Ⅳ组凋亡细胞明显增多。Ⅲ组及Ⅳ组荧光强度与Ⅰ组有显著差异 (ⅢvsIP <0 .0 5 ,IVvsIP <0 .0 1) ,荧光强度与照射时间呈正相关 (P <0 0 1) ,(r=0 .5 71)。Ⅳ组标本电镜检查发现核染色质浓缩边集 ,内质网及线粒体肿胀等超微结构变化。结论 :彩色多普勒超声照射孕鼠 2 0min以上可引起胎鼠小肠粘膜上皮细胞凋亡。     

产前超声筛查单绒毛膜单羊膜双胎妊娠畸形1例

<正>孕妇 34岁。孕26周,孕2产1,七年前足月顺产一男婴,身体健康、智力正常。无家族病史及不良嗜好。孕11周我院B型超声提示"双胎妊娠(单绒毛膜单羊膜)"。孕20周我院B型超声提示"单绒毛膜单羊膜双胎妊娠,未见明显畸形"。孕26周我院B型超声检查:胎儿颅脑、脊柱、腹部、肢体、生理指标、羊水均未见异常;仅见一个胎盘,位于子宫后壁,羊膜腔内未见羊膜分隔。靠近宫颈内口的胎儿标记为A胎儿。A胎儿心脏结构未见明显异常(图1) ;B胎儿心脏结构异常(     

超声促释载紫杉醇纳米复合凝胶系统抑制大鼠C6胶质瘤细胞生长的实验研究

目的:探究载紫杉醇纳米复合凝胶系统及其结合超声辐照对C6胶质瘤细胞生长的抑制作用。方法:分为对照组、空白纳米复合凝胶组、游离紫杉醇组、载紫杉醇纳米复合凝胶组、超声辐照载紫杉醇纳米复合凝胶组,分别处理C6胶质瘤细胞,利用四唑盐(methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium,MTT)比色法检测C6细胞的相对生长率(relative growth rate,RGR),观察各组细胞生长情况。结果:对照组与空白纳米复合凝胶组比较RGR差异无统计学意义,含药物的游离紫杉醇组、载紫杉醇纳米复合凝胶组、超声辐照载紫杉醇纳米复合凝胶组均有明显的细胞增殖抑制作用(P<0.05)。与游离紫杉醇组比较,载紫杉醇纳米复合凝胶组RGR减低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),载紫杉醇纳米复合凝胶组与超声辐照载紫杉醇纳米复合凝胶组之间RGR差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:载紫杉醇纳米复合凝胶系统的制备材料具有良好的生物相容性,紫杉醇可明显抑制C6胶质瘤细胞生长。载紫杉醇纳米复合凝胶影响紫杉醇对细胞的生长抑制作用,具有缓释作用,超声辐照可促进载紫杉醇纳米复合凝胶内药物释放。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.