放射吸收法与双能X射线吸收法骨密度测量相关性分析

目的：探讨分析基于放射吸收法（RA）与双能X射线吸收法（DEXA）骨密度测量的相关性。方法：选取30只手部标本分别应用自主研发基于RA骨密度测量软件与Hologic公司的QDR-2000骨密度分析软件进行测量分析和计算。结果：配对比较在F检验的整体结果有显著性的条件下进行,采用线性回归分析对关联进行评估,RA与DEXA之间具有显著相关性（r=0.7798,P＜0.05）,并呈中高度相关。结论：自主开发的骨密度测量软件性能稳定,价格低廉,具有广阔的应用前景。     

答疑解惑

骨密度检查是否有副作用? 编辑同志: 我是一名60岁的老人。最近去医院检查,医生考虑我患有骨质疏松症,建议我去做骨密度检查,请问这种检查有没有副作用。 上海 刘士跃 骨密度的测量是一种非侵入性的测量手段。常用的定量骨密度测定主要有四种方法:单光子吸收法、双光子吸收法、定量CT法和双能X线骨密度测量法。进行以上任何一种方法测试,都是医生利用仪器对患者的腰椎、股骨近端和全身     

骨密度测量仪器临床应用与管理

目的：探讨美国GE双能量iDXA骨密度仪应用质量控制及管理经验。方法：通过培训使每位操作者都能了解设备的工作原理，掌握设备的使用方法并对42例患者进行了腰椎及左髋关节骨密度测量。结果：42例骨密度测量患者骨质疏松37例。结论：在使用中熟练准确掌握仪器的操作流程，能提高骨密度测量结果的准确率。     

类风湿关节炎患者跟骨超声骨密度与骨质疏松的临床研究

目的 探究类风湿关节炎（rheumatoid arthritis,RA）患者的跟骨超声骨密度变化与骨质疏松（osteoporosis,OP）的发生情况。方法 本研究自2019年1月—2021年1月共纳入RA患者260例。详细记录RA患者临床资料,包括性别、年龄、病程、体质量指数（body mass index,BMI）、抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体（anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody,抗CCP抗体）及跟骨骨密度（阿洛卡跟骨超声骨密度仪）与骨密度系列参数[如声速（speed of sound,SOS）、骨折风险系数（osteosono-assessment index,OSI）、骨强度（transmission index,TI）],其中SOS以中国同年龄、同性别的健康人群的参考值为基准计算T值。分析RA患者的骨密度情况以及可能影响骨密度的因素。有60例RA患者纳入治疗组,给予碳酸钙600 mg/d和骨化三醇0.25μg/d治疗12个月,比较治疗前、治疗12月后骨密度系列参数的差异。结果 （1）260例RA患者平均年龄为（53.28±12.65）岁,...     

骨龄与骨密度关系的初步探讨

目的:探讨儿童骨龄与骨密度的关系,为骨龄的评估提供一种新方法。方法:采用双能X线吸收法(DXA)测定698名6～14岁儿童手腕部骨密度和采用TW2法对左手腕骨平片计算儿童骨龄。结果:6～14岁儿童骨龄与骨密度、年龄均呈正相关关系。结论:对儿童进行骨密度的测量可以初步预算儿童骨龄。     

骨密度的定量测量方法

骨质疏松症是一种较常见的疾病，尤其近年来骨质疏松症在公众中的发病率已急剧上升，从而急需一种准确可靠的方法来评估和预防这种疾病。诊断骨质疏松症的方法多种多样，其中骨密度的测量正日益受到重视。本文主要对骨密度的各种定量测量方法的原理进行了分析，并讨论了各自的优缺点。     

绝经后类风湿关节炎患者发生骨质疏松症的危险因素分析

目的 探讨绝经后类风湿关节炎(RA)患者发生骨质疏松症(OP)的危险因素,并提出预防OP的对策.方法 选取2018年1月—2020年2月临海市第一人民医院收治的284例绝经后RA患者,根据骨密度检测结果将其分为OP组(173例)和非OP组(111例);比较两组各因素分布的差异性,采用多因素Logistic回归法筛选绝经...     

使用小腿垫摆位对绝经后女性腰椎骨密度测量的影响

目的 探讨使用和不使用小腿垫摆位对绝经后女性腰椎骨密度测量的影响。方法 选取2021年10月至2022年8月于医院进行健康体检的82名绝经后女性作为研究对象，均采用两种摆位方法（使用和不使用小腿垫）进行腰椎骨密度测量，比较两种摆位方法的测量结果（包括腰椎骨密度、腰椎T值和骨质疏松症检出率），并分析两种摆位方法骨质诊断结果的一致性。结果 使用小腿垫摆位测量的腰椎骨密度、腰椎T值均高于不使用小腿垫摆位，差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。两种摆位方法的骨质疏松症检出率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；两种摆位方法骨质诊断结果的一致性较好（Kappa=0.976,P <0.05）。结论 绝经后女性进行腰椎骨密度测量时，使用小腿垫摆位可矫正腰椎曲度，减少腰椎投影的放大失真度，保证测量结果的准确性，且不建议用屈膝姿势替代小腿垫。     

妊娠妇女骨密度检测分析

目的 超声骨密度检测仪检测妊娠各期桡骨远端骨密度.方法将在笔者所在医院围产期保健门诊进行检查的215例各期孕妇进行骨密度测量.同期选取50例正常健康的妇女作对照.结果各孕期骨密度较对照组明显下降P＜0.05,各孕周之间骨密度呈明显负相关.结论妊娠中晚期孕妇骨密度明显下降,用超声骨密度仪测量,可以更好的了解孕妇骨钙代谢状况,科学合理的指导孕妇营养保健,保障母婴健康.     

腰椎CT值与DXA在羊腰椎骨密度测量中的准确性比较

目的以羊椎体骨的灰重密度为标准,比较腰椎CT值与双能X线骨密度仪(dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry,DXA)对椎体骨密度测量的准确性,探讨腰椎CT值对骨密度的测量价值。方法取42节羊腰椎椎体,去除周围软组织及附件,分别进行CT平扫、DXA检查以测量各椎体骨密度,然后将椎体煅烧得到灰重密度值。首先对腰椎CT值测量方法进行可靠性分析,然后对比分析两种影像学方法所测量骨密度与灰重密度的相关性。结果腰椎CT值测量方法的组内相关系数是0.961,组间相关系数是0.975。腰椎CT值为(434.26±63.38),DXA所测骨密度为(0.65±0.06)g/cm~2,灰重密度为(0.29±0.05)g/cm~3。腰椎CT值、DXA测量结果与灰重密度的相关系数分别是0.855、0.905,两者无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论腰椎CT值测量与DXA测量具有较高的一致性和良好的可重复性。与DXA一样,腰椎CT值可准确判断腰椎椎体骨密度高低,可作为DXA的替代方法。     

溃疡性结肠炎患者骨密度变化的研究

目的探讨溃疡性结肠炎骨密度降低和骨质疏松的相关因素分析。方法DPX-NT双能X线骨密度仪对入选的溃疡性结肠炎病人和健康对照组进行骨密度测量和实验室指标的检测。结果在UC患者中,激素治疗患者t值明显偏低,t值与激素累计量呈负相关。轻、中、重度三组UC患者t值差异无统计学意义。溃疡性结肠炎组血钙、ALP、血磷、白蛋白与对照组相比差异无显著性。结论UC患者骨密度下降、骨质疏松和骨量减少的发生与皮质类固醇激素的应用有关,与病情轻重和实验室指标无相关性。     

骨矿含量测定在婴儿佝偻病的早期诊断价值

[目的] 探讨骨矿含量测定在昆明地区婴儿佝偻病早期的诊断价值。[方法] 对本地佝偻病活动期婴儿31例及正常婴儿33例采用单光子吸收法(SPA)测定其骨宽(Bw)，骨矿含量(BMC)和骨密度(BMD)，用微量条形酶免疫测定法测定上述两组的骨碱性磷酸酶(BALP)，并做X线手腕片检查，将各项结果进行统计学处理。[结果] 与正常婴儿组相比，佝偻病组BMC明显降低，BALP明显升高，差异显著(P＜0．05)。在佝偻病组BMC阳性率为87％，手腕X线阳性率为19％，两组比较差异显著(P＜0．05)；而与BALP阳性率90％相比，则差异不明显(P＞0．05)，并且BMC与BALP呈中度负相关，相关系数为-0．42。[结论] 认为SPA检测技术对本地区婴儿佝偻病早期诊断具有特异性、敏感性和临床价值。     

Height reduction, determined using knee height measurement as a risk factor or predictive sign for osteoporosis in elderly women

OBJECTIVE: We assessed the value of height reduction, calculated using knee height measurement, as a risk factor or predictive sign for osteoporosis in healthy elderly women. METHODS: In 181 healthy women 76 +/- 5 y of age, height, weight, and knee height were evaluated. Femoral and spine bone mineral densities and body compositions were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. In 76 young women 27 +/- 4 y of age, a regression equation to predict height, based on knee height, was derived. Using this equation, maximum attained height and height loss were calculated in elderly women, which was correlated to bone mineral density. RESULTS: The equation to predict height was height (cm) = knee height (cm) x 2.22 + 50.54. The calculated height loss in elderly women was -6.1 +/- 3.8 cm or -0.08 +/- 0.05 cm/y of age. Height loss and hip circumference were significant predictors of spine bone mineral density. In the case of femoral bone mineral density, to the same predictors, a negative effect of waist circumference was added. Women in the highest quintile of height reduction (>0.199 cm/y) had an odds ratio of 4.5 (95% confidence interval 1.56-13.3, P < 0.02) for femoral osteoporosis. CONCLUSION: Knee height can be used as an accurate measurement of height loss in the elderly, which is a significant predictor of femur and spine bone mineral densities, in addition to hip circumference.     

Nutrition influences skeletal development from childhood to adulthood: a study of hip, spine, and forearm in adolescent females

This study evaluated the long-term efficacy of supplemental calcium and dairy products on bone mineral areal density of the hip and spine and on the bone geometry and volumetric bone mineral density of the forearm in young females during late adolescence. The study was conducted among participants of a randomized double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial with calcium supplements and among participants of an observational study with higher consumption of dairy products. Hip and spine measurements by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were done every 6 mo (dairy group every 12 mo) during last 3 y of the follow-up while peripheral quantitative computerized tomography of the forearm was done at the last visit. The results of the study show a positive influence of calcium supplementation and dairy products on bone mineral density of the hip and the forearm. Dairy products were also associated with a higher bone mineral density of the spine while calcium supplementation did not have an effect. Calcium exerts its action on bone accretion during growth primarily by influencing volumetric bone mineral density while milk may have an additional impact on bone growth and periosteal bone expansion.     

中老年妇女骨密度与体成份、下肢肌力及抗骨折能力的相关性分析

目的:探讨骨密度与体成分、下肢肌力、抗骨折能力、之间的相互关系。方法:选定40~89岁进行健康查体的妇女626名,测定身高、体重、计算体重指数,采用骨密度仪测量股骨颈骨密度,神经关节功能测试仪测定下肢肌力、抗骨折能力、全身的脂肪含量,进行各观察指标间的相关性分析。结果:股骨颈骨密度与身高、体重、体重指数和全身脂肪含量、下肢肌力均成显著正相关;与股骨颈抗骨折能力呈正相关;股骨颈抗骨折能力与骨密度、下肢肌力成正相关,与体重及体重指数、全身脂肪含量呈负相关。结论:重体重、脂肪含量高的人有较高的骨密度,但其抗骨折能力并不一定强。中年以后体重增加而下肢肌力及骨密度下降是造成机体抗骨折能力下降的重要因素。抗骨折能力做为诊断骨质疏松的一个新的指标在临床诊断及治疗中不可忽视。     

Factors predictive of bone mineral density in eating-disordered women: a longitudinal study

OBJECTIVE: Osteoporosis in eating-disordered women is well established, but factors predictive of this condition have proved elusive. The roles of behavioral factors, weight, menstrual status, and the degree of bone mineral density change over the clinical course of the eating disorder were investigated METHOD: A cohort of 56 eating-disordered women was subjected to bone mineral density measurement at Scan 1 and were followed up between 9 and 51 months later for repeat measurement (n = 10) at Scan 2. RESULTS: High levels of reduced bone mineral density were observed. Total duration of amenorrhea, body mass index, frequency of vomiting, and cigarette and alcohol consumption accounted for 40% of the variance in spinal bone mineral density measurement at Scan 1. No significant changes in bone mineral density were observed at Scan 2 despite increases in body mass index. DISCUSSION: The results suggest that increases in weight appear not to be sufficient to increase bone mineral density.     

大学生VitC营养水平与骨密度关系的探讨

目的：探讨大学生VitC营养水平与骨密度及骨矿物含量的关系。方法：随机选取105名大学生，口服500mgVitC后，收集4h尿液，测定尿中还原型VitC、尿钙、尿氟和尿肌酐含量，用BH－6012单光子骨密度仪测定左臂前1／3处桡骨和尺骨骨密度和骨矿物含量。用t检验和相关作统计分析。结果：VitC营养水平正常与充足的青年骨密度、骨矿物含量显著增高，而尿钙显著减少（＜0．01）。当VitC缺乏时，尿VitC与尿氟有显著性的负相关（P＜0．01）。结论：大学生VitC营养水平可能影响骨密度和骨矿物含量。     

Effect of alcohol intake on bone mineral density in elderly women: The EPIDOS Study. Epidémiologie de l'Ostéoporose

To study potential associations between alcohol consumption and bone mineral density in women aged 75 years or older, the authors analyzed 7,598 ambulatory women (mean age, 79.9 years; standard deviation, 3.8 years) recruited at five centers in France between 1992 and 1994. The current alcohol intake was assessed using a self-questionnaire. Bone mineral density was measured by dual-photon X-ray absorptiometry of the proximal femur and total body and adjusted for age, weight, and height (Z score). Compared with nonusers, women who drank 11-29 g of alcohol per day (g/day) had higher bone mineral density values at the trochanteric site (p = 0.0017). Neither 1-10 g/day nor >30 g/day users had increased bone mineral density levels. These results were unrelated to estrogen replacement therapy use, dietary calcium intake, current smoking status, usual physical activity, educational attainment, household monthly income, and general health status. Alcohol intake was not associated with bone mineral density at the femoral neck. Total body bone mineral density was lower in subjects with alcohol intakes >30 g/day (p = 0.047). Our data suggest that moderate drinking (e.g., 1-3 glasses of wine per day) is associated with an increase in trochanteric bone mineral density in elderly ambulatory women. However, higher intakes may have detrimental effects on bone mass.     

Decreased bone mineral density as a risk factor in the development of spinal deformities in neurofibromatosis

Neurofibromatosis-1 is a here-do-familiar disorder that is associated with a variety of skeletal anomalies, mostly with spinal deformities in 10-50% of the patients. Intraoperatively, a poor vertebral bone quality has been observed. Efforts have been made to identify factors preventing curve progression, to optimize operational planning and to explain the pathomechanism. As part of the preoperative evaluation, the authors used a dual X-ray absorptiometry to assess the bone mineral density of the lumbar spine in 12 non operated patients with neurofibromatosis-1, supplemented by laboratory blood/urine investigations. A significant decrease in bone mineral density of lumbar spine was measured. An inverse relation was suggested between the severity of scoliosis and the lumbar spine Z-scores. No pivotal alterations were identified in the laboratory measurements. The bony tissue abnormality observed intraoperatively in neurofibromatosis-1 patients may be described as a diminution of the axial bone mineral density. The evaluation of bone mineral density in the course of the preoperative planning is proposed in neurofibromatosis-1.