遵循科学证据促进循证护理实践

当今护理实践既讲究护理的艺术又讲究护理的科学性,而循证护理是体现护理科学性的重要途径,对改进护理实践有巨大的潜力.也许,有些护士会问:"为什么要改变?这是我们一贯的做法."     

Integrating Informatics into the Graduate Community Health Nursing Curriculum

Abstract Advanced practice of community health nursing is enhanced if the nurse is able to identify, create, and use databases to support nursing assessments of communities and to manage and evaluate community health programs. The College of Nursing, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, has revised its curriculum for community health nursing graduate students to include a strong focus on nursing informatics. This paper summarizes the integration of theoretical content and practice exercises into a pre-course workshop and four-course sequence. A focal point of this effort has been the "Healthy People 2000 Nursing Informatics Project," in which students develop an automated community-assessment tool and database related to the Year 2000 objectives. The use of this database and related national, state, and local databases to document community needs is emphasized. Students also evaluate nursing information systems and use information technologies to design and evaluate community health grant proposals. Curriculum development, evaluation, and modification are detailed in relation to student learning needs, faculty preparation, and equipment and consultation requirements.     

循证护理理论与其在护理实践中的应用

循证护理是近年来护理领域发展的新趋势,该文综述了循证护理的历史背景、概念及内涵,从循证护理能促进护理学科的发展、能促进护理科研成果在临床中的应用、能促进护理人员知识的更新及科研水平的提高、能提高工作效率、改善护患关系以及循证护理是整体护理的延伸和完善等方面论述了实施循证护理的意义,旨在帮助护理人员认识循证护理,推动及促进循证护理在我国的开展,为服务对象提供更优质的护理。循证护理能提高护理实践的科学性,并促进护理理论的发展,指导护理实践,通过实践验证过程,对建立护理学科的科学性和提高护理服务的有效性有着积极的促进作用。     

Leveling Evidence-based Practice Across the Nursing Curriculum

Evidence-based practice (EBP) competencies represent essential components of nursing education at all levels. The transition of EBP learning goals from the baccalaureate to the master of science in nursing and doctor of nursing practice levels provides a blueprint for the development and advancement of student knowledge, skills, and attitudes. The purpose of this article is to describe 3 nursing curricula related to EBP competencies at the baccalaureate, master’s, and doctor of nursing practice levels.     

Barriers to Evidence-Based Practice Utilization in Psychiatric/Mental Health Nursing

Many psychiatric/mental health nursing (PMHN) practices have been affected by old traditions and haphazard trial and error instead of by established scientific evidence. The purpose of this article is to explore and analyze the barriers surrounding evidence-based practice (EBP) in PMHN. I identify some strategies to overcome these barriers in an attempt to incorporate EBP within the framework of PMHN services. Barriers explain the lack of EBP in today's PMHN environment. The barriers identified in this research are: the nature of the evidence, the contribution of the psychiatric nursing researchers to EBP, the personal characteristics of psychiatric nurses, and organizational factors. While the barriers to EBP for PMHN practice are clearly apparent, the challenge, now, is to build up creative strategies through which psychiatric nurses are better able to provide EBP care as part of their everyday performance. Adaptation of a more dynamic form of EBP, increasing the number of PMHN researchers, conducting clinical research projects, choosing suitable journals for publication, training the psychiatric nurses about computer skills, integrating the EBP principles into nursing curricula, developing journal clubs, and offering organizational facilitators are essential prerequisites for the achievement of EBP in the PMHN field. It is no longer justifiable for psychiatric nurses to be deficient in knowledge and skill since the advantages of EBP for patients are well-documented.     

Integrating Nursing Diagnosis for Population Groups Within Community Health Nursing Practice

Conflicting views exist about the utility of nursing diagnosis in community health nursing, particularly in relation to its use with population groups. Until recently, this application of nursing diagnosis received limited consideration by the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association. As a result, discussion is needed regarding the ways in which use of nursing diagnosis with population groups in community settings may be different from the use of nursing diagnosis with individuals. In this article several distinctive characteristics of the use of nursing diagnosis for health promotion with various population groups are addressed. Thoughtful consideration of these distinctive characteristics can provide a foundation for effective use of nursing diagnosis with population groups in community settings.     

Integrating Nursing Diagnoses, Interventions, and Outcomes in Public Health Nursing Practice

TOPIC. Applying standardized nursing language in public health nursing practice.
PURPOSE. To develop a charting format to document public health nursing practice based on standardized nursing language.
SOURCES. Literature review of documentation systems for public health nursing practice.
CONCLUSIONS. A task force of public health nurses developed a charting format based on Taxonomy I of Nursing Diagnosis (NANDA), Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), and Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC).