补体C3系膜区沉积强度与IgA肾病病理分型的相关性

目的 探讨补体C3系膜区强度与IgA肾病（IgAN）病理分型的相关性。方法 回顾性收集空军军医大学西京医院2016年1月1日～2019年12月31日行肾活检穿刺诊断为IgAN患者1094例,参照纳入及排除标准,最终入选975例。依据免疫荧光下补体C3在系膜区沉积强度,分为C3阴性组（n=213）和C3阳性组（n=762）。分析肾活检诊断为IgAN患者补体C3系膜区沉积强度与IgA肾病Lee氏分级和牛津分型的相关性,并评估补体C3系膜区沉积强度与临床病理的相关性。结果 C3阴性组较C3阳性组血肌酐水平低,eGFR高和血补体C3水平高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。C3阴性患者在Lee氏I级的比例最高（50.5%）,之后逐渐递减,Lee氏IV-V级的比例最低（9.8%）,而在Lee氏V级的比例升高（20.5%）,呈现为“杓型”曲线。C3阴性组患者病理组织改变M1、E1、S1、T1-2和C1-2的比例显著少于C3阳性组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 补体C3阴性的发生率与IgA肾病Lee氏分级呈现为“杓型”曲线;补体C3阴性IgAN患者病理改变较轻或病变慢性化,活动性病变少见。     

肾病综合征表现的IgA肾病临床病理特点及危险因素

目的：探讨肾病综合征表现的IgA肾病患者临床病理特点及其危险因素。方法：选择我科1993年6月～2008年12月经肾活检确诊IgA肾病并表现为肾病综合征的患者48例,分析其临床病理特点,按治疗是否完全缓解分为完全缓解组（A组,n=13）、不完全缓解组（B组,n=35）,比较两组临床、实验室指标及病理指标,分析影响肾病综合征表现的IgA肾病患者肾脏损害的危险因素。结果：IgA肾病肾病综合征患者合并高血压占56.3%,合并慢性肾功能不全占20.8%;肾活检病理Lee分级Ⅰ级4例（8.3%）,Ⅱ级9例（18.8%）,Ⅲ级6（12.5%）,Ⅳ级19例（39.6%）、Ⅴ级10例（20.8%）。B组较A组平均动脉压、血肌酐水平高,镜下大量尿红细胞发生率高（P〈0.01）;而24h尿蛋白定量、血红蛋白低于A组（P〈0.05）;病理参数分析示B组肾脏病理损害积分显著高于A组（P〈0.05）,系膜区IgA＋IgG＋IgM沉积显著高于A组（P〈0.001）。结论：IgA肾病肾病综合征患者临床、病理表现存在差异,高血压、贫血、血肌酐高、镜下大量尿红细胞是其预后不良的临床危险因素,预后差者肾脏病理损害重、免疫复合物沉积以系膜区IgA＋IgG＋IgM沉积多见。     

以血尿和(或)蛋白尿表现的IgA肾病临床与病理分析

目的分析以血尿和(或)蛋白尿为表现IgA肾病的临床与病理改变,为临床治疗估计预后提供依据。方法经临床和肾活检确诊的34例IgA肾病分为两组,单纯组及复合组(根据IgA在肾小球沉积的部位不同),分别测定血尿素氮、肌酐、尿β2-微球蛋白及尿视黄醇结合球蛋白。结果复合组免疫球蛋白在肾小球沉积的类型与单纯组比较差异显著(P＜0．05);病理分级单纯组以I、Ⅱ级为主,复合组以Ⅲ级为主;复合组尿β2-微球蛋白、尿视黄醇结合球蛋白增高与单纯组比有显著差异(P＜0．05)。结论血尿和(或)蛋白尿为表现的IgA肾病在系膜合并毛细血管沉积者中肾小管功能损害程度较单纯系膜区沉积者严重,其中“持续性镜下血尿伴蛋白尿”者在复合组中所占比例为高,病理改变较重,预后较差。     

IgA肾病的临床与病理联系

[目的]探讨IgA肾病的临床病理联系.[方法]选择临床病理确诊IgA肾病患者42例;按免疫荧光情况分2组：单纯IgA组28例;合并IgG或/和IgM组14例.按临床表现分2组：单纯血尿组22例与合并蛋白尿组20例.[结果]①系膜增生性较多,见于血尿组（72.7%）,合并蛋白尿组呈其他病理类型较多（75%）,P＜0.01.②单纯IgA沉积多见于系膜增生性（86%）,其余类型多为IgG和/或IgM（62%）,P＜0.01.[结论]IgA肾病以无症状性尿检异常为常见,合并蛋白尿者病理变化较重, 有多种免疫球蛋白沉积,需早期干预治疗.     

青年人表现为肾病综合征的IgA肾病的病理分析

目的 探讨青年人表现为肾病综合征的IgA肾病的病理及IgA肾病的肾小球内免疫球蛋白的分布与肾小球、肾小管损伤的程度及肾功能的关系。方法 20例患者均行肾穿刺活检及常规光镜、免疫荧光检查及相关肾功能、尿N－乙酰－β-氨基葡萄糖苷酶、尿视黄醇结合蛋白测定。结果 20例患者免疫荧光检查均为IgA阳性，肾小球分型单纯组与复合组无差异。肾小管分级单纯组与得合组有显著性差异。结论 青年人患IgA肾病尽管都 肾病综合征，但其临床表现、肾组织形态学改变有差异。单纯系膜区沉积以IgA＋IgM为主，肾小管的损害以Ⅰ、Ⅱ级为主，系膜合并型肾小球基底膜沉积的免疫球蛋白种类多，且肾小管损害的程度也较为严重。     

IgA肾病53例临床与病理分析

IgA肾病由Berger和Hinglais首先于1960年提出,是一组以IgA和补体C3为主沉积于肾小球系膜区的肾小球疾病,故又称Berger病。我院2004年在149例肾活检中,共确诊IgA肾病53例,现对其临床和病理特点进行分析。1临床资料选择2004年1月~12月我院肾活检病例149例,经免疫荧光证实的IgA肾病53例,占同期肾活检35.6%,其中男20例,女33例,年龄8~66岁,平均34岁。诊断依据:免疫荧光显示单纯IgA或IgA为主的免疫球蛋白在肾小球系膜区沉积,且临床及实验室检查排除系统性红斑狼疮、过敏性紫癜、肝炎相关性肾炎及其他全身系统性疾病。2检查方法肾活检组织行…     

IgA肾病患者肾小球内纤维蛋白原沉积的意义

目的探讨IgA肾病患者肾小球内纤维蛋白原（Fg）沉积的意义。方法将103例IgA肾病患者按照肾活检免疫荧光结果分为无№沉积组和有Fg沉积组，对两组的临床资料[年龄、性别、血压、血浆Fg、血肌酐（Scr）、血尿素（Urea）、尿IgG、尿微量白蛋白（Alb）、24小时尿蛋白量]及与IgA肾病预后密切相关的病理资料（肾小球硬化、新月体形成、球囊粘连、肾小管萎缩、肾间质纤维化、肾小血管病变）进行分析。结果与无Fg沉积组比较，有如沉积组，血浆Fg水平增高（0．01〈P〈0，05），血Urea、尿IgG、尿微量Alb、24小时尿蛋白量显著增加（P〈0．01）；肾小球单纯IgA沉积的发生率下降（0．01〈P〈0．05），免疫球蛋白（Ig）单纯沉积于系膜区的发生率显著下降（P〈0．01），IgA＋IgG＋IgM共同沉积及Ig沉积于系膜区＋毛细血管襻的发生率显著升高（P〈0．01）；较为公认的IgA肾病预后不良因素中，大量蛋白尿（〉1．0g／24h）、肾间质纤维化的发生率增高（0．01〈P〈0．05），肾功能不全（Scr〉115μmol／L）、肾小球硬化、球囊粘连、肾小血管病变的发生率显著增高（P〈0．01）。结论肾小球内沉积的Fg参与了IgA肾病的临床病理过程，具有一定的致病作用。     

IgA肾病不同年龄发作186例临床病理分析

目的探讨IgA肾病不同年龄发作的病理检查及特点。方法对我院收治的186例IgA肾病患者进行临床和肾活检病理捡查分析。结果根据穿刺的肾组织进行光镜下肾小球病理改变检查，Ⅰ级22例，Ⅱ级37倒，Ⅲ级77例，Ⅳ鼓31例，Ⅴ级19例，根据免疫荧光下病理检查，患者均有系膜区IgA沉积，其中单纯IgA型41例，IgA＋IgG型54倒，IgA＋IgM型38例，IgA＋IgG＋IgM型53倒。少儿组病理损害以Ⅰ-Ⅱ级为主，青年组以Ⅲ级为主，成人组病理损害以IV级为主，表明随着年龄的增长，肾阶段性损害及球性硬化、肾小管萎垴等变化逐渐增高（P〈0．05）。结论IgA肾病随着年龄的增长肾损害逐渐严重加深。早期对患者进行肾活检明确诊断，为疾病的诊断，治疗，预后提供良好的价值。     

儿童IgA肾病256例临床与病理分析

目的总结我院儿科22年来儿童原发性IgA肾病的发病率、发病诱因、临床分型和病理分级情况及临床分型与病理分级间的关系。方法回顾性分析256例原发性IgA肾病患儿的临床分级、病理分级、实验室检查及临床分型与病理分级间的关系。结果儿童IgA肾病占同期肾活检患儿的14·2%;IgA肾病的诱发因素依次为呼吸道感染126例(占49·2%),胃肠道感染43例(占16·8%)、慢性扁桃体炎24例(占9·4%)和劳累12例(占4·7%);临床分型中孤立性血尿型134例(占52·3%),肾病综合征型63例(24·6%),血尿和蛋白尿型39例(15·2%);病理改变以Ⅲ级为主(147例,57·4%),免疫沉积物荧光检查系膜区均有IgA沉积(100%),免疫病理分型以IgA IgG型最多105例(占41%),IgA IgG IgM型77例(占30%)、单纯IgA型43例(占17%)、IgA IgM型31例(占12%);肾脏病理损害的程度与免疫沉积物的种类有关,伴有IgM沉积者肾脏病理损害的程度较重。结论随着肾活检的广泛开展,IgA肾病的检出率逐步提高,IgA肾病临床表现的多样性及病理改变的程度、免疫沉积物的种类对指导治疗与判断预后具有重要的意义。     

呈现大量蛋白尿的IgA肾病病理及疗效分析

对 2 2例临床上呈现大量蛋白尿的IgA肾病进行临床病理及治疗效果分析 ,结果提示 2 2例IgA肾病的病人肾脏系膜区均由以IgA为主的混合性免疫球蛋白沉积 ,大多数组织病理分级较高 ,其中免疫球蛋白同时沉积于系膜区及毛细血管壁 (MsC)者较单纯沉积于系膜区 (Ms)者近期疗效佳。进一步分析发现 ,高血压明显影响IgA肾病的治疗效果及预后。     

Childhood Henoch-Sch(o)nlein Purpura Nephritis and IgA Nephropathy:One Disease Entity?--A Clinico-pathologically Comparative Study

In order to characterize their relationship through clinicopathological comparison between IgA nephropathy and Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis (HSPN), 31 children with IgA nephropathy aged between 3 to 15 years and 120 children with HSPN aged between 4 to 15 years were compared with each other in clinical manifestation, blood biochemistry, serum immunology and followup study. Renal pathological findings under light microscope, immunofluorescence and electronic microscope were analyzed and also compared between 31 children with IgA nephropathy and 32 biopsied children with HSPN. The results showed that the onset age was over 12 years in 25.8 %children with IgA nephropathy, but only 10 % in HSPN (P＜0.05). The clinical patterns of IgA nephropathy and HSPN were similar, but extra-renal manifestations were more often in HSPN, all of them had skin purpura, 59 % had gastrointestinal symptoms and 47 % suffered from arthralgia,compared with only abdominal pain in 3.2 % children with IgA nephropathy. The renal pathological investigation showed global sclerosis in 35.5 % of IgA nephropathy and 3.1% of HSPN, mesangial sclerosis in 41.9 % of IgA nephropathy and 6.3 % of HSPN, but endothelial proliferation in 65.6% of HSPN and 29 % of IgA nephropathy (all P＜0.01). Thin basement membrane nephropathy was only found in 6.5 % children with IgA nephropathy, no in HSPN. The electronic dense deposits in HSPN were sparse, loose and wildly spread in glomerular mesangium, subendothelial area and even intra basement membrane, but it was dense, lumpy and mostly limited in mesangium and paramesangium in IgA nephropathy. Predominant IgA deposits were found in 81.2 %of HSPN, and overwhelming IgG deposits in 12.5 % of HSPN with relatively weak IgA deposits,moreover 6.3 % of HSPN showed linear IgG deposits in glomerular capillary. Totally 71.9 % of HSPN had IgG deposits in glomeruli and only 19.4 % of IgA nephropathy showed glomerular IgG deposits (P＜0.01). No IgG deposit was observed in 81.6 % of IgA nephropathy, among them most showed IgA and IgM and/or C3 deposits, moreover overwhelming IgG deposits and linear IgG deposits couldn't be found in IgA nephropathy. Mean 20 months follow-up showed complete remission in 72.5 % of HSPN, but only 19.4 % in IgA nephropathy after 34 months follow-up. Moreover, 64.5 % of IgA nephropathy had consistent hematuria and proteinuria and 16.1% had active nephritides (P＜0.05). It was concluded that significant clinico-pathological difference was found between HSPN and IgA nephropathy, which didn't support the one disease entity hypothesis.HSPN and IgA nephropathy are probably two diseases with similar immune abnormalities.     

158例肾活检病理及临床分析

目的回顾性总结158例肾活检的病理结果,分析其病理类型及临床分类特点。方法总结我院158例肾活检病理资料,分析其病理类型与临床分类特点。结果158例肾活检中原发性肾小球疾病125例(79.11%),继发性肾小球疾病33例(20.89%)。原发性肾小球疾病病理类型最多的是系膜增生型肾炎,第二位是IgA肾病,继发性肾小球疾病以紫癜性肾炎病理类型最多。原发性肾小球疾病临床分布最多的前三位依次是肾病综合征、慢性肾炎、IgA肾病。其中肾病综合征的病理类型主要是系膜增生型和膜性肾病,慢性肾炎的主要病理类型是系膜增生型和肾小球硬化。结论原发性肾小球疾病是最常见的肾小球疾病,肾活检病理类型以系膜增生型肾炎、IgA肾病最多,临床类型则以肾病综合征、慢性肾炎、IgA肾病最为多见。     

IgA肾病伴贫血的临床病理特征研究

目的探讨Ig A肾病伴贫血患者的临床病理特点。方法收集202例经肾活检明确诊断原发性Ig A肾病患者的临床病理资料。根据是否贫血分为两组,其中A组(贫血组)33例,B组(非贫血组)169例,比较两组临床和病理方面的差异。结果与B组比较,A组的Scr、BUN、24h-Upro明显增高,RBC、Hb、Alb下降,肾小球硬化、新月体形成及血管壁增厚的数目增多,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肾组织病理学参照Lee氏分级比较,贫血组病理Lee氏分级较重(P<0.05)。Spearman相关分析结果提示,Hb与小球硬化/肾小球总数、新月体/肾小球总数呈负相关,Scr、24h-Upro与小球硬化/肾小球总数、新月体/肾小球总数呈正相关。多因素Logistic回归分析表明女性、Scr、24h-Upro、新月体病变是是Ig AN合并贫血患者的独立危险因素。结论 Ig AN伴有贫血患者的临床病理改变重于Ig A肾病不伴有贫血的患者,即贫血可加重Ig A肾病患者的临床病理损伤。     

改良的简化MDRD方程估算肾小球滤过率 与IgA肾病病理损伤相关性研究

目的探讨改良的简化MDRD方程估算肾小球滤过率（GFR）与IgA肾病病理损伤的相关性。方法回顾分析IgA肾病病人临床、病理学资料。GFR由改良的简化MDRD方程估算（改良的简化MDRD-eGFR）。肾脏病理损伤按照Katafuchi半定量积分标准进行评分并按照Lee's分级标准。结果随着病理学损伤加重,改良的简化MDRD-eGFR水平逐渐降低（P < 0.05）;Katafuchi积分、肾小球硬化、肾小管间质损伤及肾血管病变与改良的简化MDRD-eGFR均存在相关性（P < 0.01）。当改良的简化MDRD-eGFR≥90 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2时,此种相关性消失,但病人均存在一定程度病理损伤。结论改良的简化MDRD方程估算肾小球滤过率与IgA肾病肾脏病理损伤情况关系密切,当其 < 90 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2对肾小管间质损伤情况的评估预测价值较大。     

Childhood Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura nephritis and IgA nephropathy: one disease entity?--A clinico-pathologically comparative study.

In order to characterize their relationship through clinicopathological comparison between IgA nephropathy and Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura nephritis (HSPN), 31 children with IgA nephropathy aged between 3 to 15 years and 120 children with HSPN aged between 4 to 15 years were compared with each other in clinical manifestation, blood biochemistry, serum immunology and follow-up study. Renal pathological findings under light microscope, immunofluorescence and electronic microscope were analyzed and also compared between 31 children with IgA nephropathy and 32 biopsied children with HSPN. The results showed that the onset age was over 12 years in 25.8% children with IgA nephropathy, but only 10% in HSPN (P < 0.05). The clinical patterns of IgA nephropathy and HSPN were similar, but extra-renal manifestations were more often in HSPN, all of them had skin purpura, 59% had gastrointestinal symptoms and 47% suffered from arthralgia, compared with only abdominal pain in 3.2% children with IgA nephropathy. The renal pathological investigation showed global sclerosis in 35.5% of IgA nephropathy and 3.1% of HSPN, mesangial sclerosis in 41.9% of IgA nephropathy and 6.3% of HSPN, but endothelial proliferation in 65.6% of HSPN and 29% of IgA nephropathy (all P < 0.01). Thin basement membrane nephropathy was only found in 6.5% children with IgA nephropathy, no in HSPN. The electronic dense deposits in HSPN were sparse, loose and wildly spread in glomerular mesangium, subendothelial area and even intra basement membrane, but it was dense, lumpy and mostly limited in mesangium and paramesangium in IgA nephropathy. Predominant IgA deposits were found in 81.2% of HSPN, and overwhelming IgG deposits in 12.5% of HSPN with relatively weak IgA deposits, moreover 6.3% of HSPN showed linear IgG deposits in glomerular capillary. Totally 71.9% of HSPN had IgG deposits in glomeruli and only 19.4% of IgA nephropathy showed glomerular IgG deposits (P < 0.01). No IgG deposit was observed in 81.6% of IgA nephropathy, among them most showed IgA and IgM and/or C3 deposits, moreover overwhelming IgG deposits and linear IgG deposits couldn't be found in IgA nephropathy. Mean 20 months follow-up showed complete remission in 72.5% of HSPN, but only 19.4% in IgA nephropathy after 34 months follow-up. Moreover, 64.5% of IgA nephropathy had consistent hematuria and proteinuria and 16.1% had active nephritides (P < 0.05). It was concluded that significant clinico-pathological difference was found between HSPN and IgA nephropathy, which didn't support the one disease entity hypothesis. HSPN and IgA nephropathy are probably two diseases with similar immune abnormalities.     

免疫沉积C3与IgA肾病临床病理特征的关系

目的分析肾小球系膜区补体C3沉积在IgA肾病发病及进展中的意义,为疾病诊断、病情监测及判断预后提供依据。方法回顾性分析IgA肾病病人的临床及病理学检查指标,按照系膜区C3沉积强度进行分组,（-）为阴性组,（±~+）为弱阳性组,（2+~3+）为强阳性组,并对相应指标行统计学分析。结果按照补体C3沉积强度分类,3组分别为10例（23.3%）、13例（30.2%）和20例（46.5%）,随组织C3沉积加重,血肌酐、尿素氮升高,eGFR降低,差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05~P < 0.01）。而在尿酸、24h尿蛋白定量及镜下血尿、血脂、血压、血糖差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。Pearson相关分析,补体C3强度与血清C3数值变化相反,但两者无显著相关性（P>0.05）。肾组织C3免疫荧光沉积强度与病理损害相关,在病理分级（Lee分级）方面,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;与系膜细胞增殖及毛细血管内皮细胞增生、球性硬化及肾小管间质病变（包括间质炎性细胞浸润、间质纤维化、肾小管萎缩）差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。结论IgA肾病病人肾小球系膜区C3沉积的程度与血肌酐、尿素氮、eGFR及病理损害相关,可作为IgA肾病病情监测及判断预后的指标。     

伴有与无肾组织乙肝病毒抗原沉积的IgA肾病患者临床和病理对比分析

目的了解伴有与无肾组织乙肝病毒抗原沉积的IgA肾病患者临床和病理特征,探讨乙肝病毒(HBV)感染与IgA肾病的关系。方法选择2008年12月至2011年12月在北京大学深圳医院住院、并行肾组织活检确诊的IgA肾病患者316例,其中伴HBsAg和(或)HBcAg肾小球沉积的患者(研究组)25例(7.9%),无HBsAg和(或)HBcAg肾小球沉积的患者(对照组)291例(92.1%)。2组患者均行肾组织活检,其标本分别常规进行光学显微镜、免疫荧光及电镜检测,以及血清HBV感染标志物、肌酐、胆固醇、白蛋白、C3、IgA和24h尿蛋白水平的检测,同时对2组患者肾脏病变按肾小球活动病变积分、肾小球慢性病变积分及肾小管间质积分进行评定。结果2组患者肾小球活动病变积分及肾小球慢性病变积分比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05),研究组患者肾小管间质积分明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组患者肾组织C1q沉积所占比例略高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组患者血清HBV感染标志物阳性率显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论乙肝病毒抗原在肾组织中沉积与IgA肾病发病并无直接关系,但有可能加重了肾小管间质的损害。     

成人原发性IgA肾病患者肾脏IgM沉积与临床及病理的关系

目的 探讨成人原发性IgA肾病(IgAN)患者肾脏IgM沉积与临床及病理的关系.方法 收集经皮肾活检病理证实为成人原发性IgAN的147例患者,分为IgM阴性组和IgM沉积组,对两组的临床表现、实验室检查及肾脏病理进行比较分析.结果 ① 与IgM阴性组相比,IgM沉积组患者肾病综合征的例数、24 h尿蛋白定量、24 h尿蛋白/肌酐、尿总蛋白及血尿素氮均明显增加,血白蛋白及肾小球滤过率(eGFR)、血IgG明显下降,慢性肾脏病(CKD)分期更重,尿转铁蛋白、尿白蛋白、尿IgG及尿N-乙酰β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);② IgM沉积组Lee氏分级Ⅳ级比例增加,但两组间差异无统计学意义;牛津分类中两组间比较,M、E、S差异无统计学意义,T分类中IgM沉积组病理损害更重,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);用Katafuchi半定量分析,结果显示IgM沉积组的肾脏病理总积分、肾小管间质积分与IgM阴性组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 肾脏IgM沉积的成人原发性IgAN患者的尿蛋白程度更高,临床表现更重,肾小球损伤明显,病理表现中肾小管间质病变及肾脏总的病理损害更为明显.     

Childhood Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis and IgA nephropathy: one disease entity?

Summary In order to characterize their relationship through clinicopathological comparison between IgA nephropathy and Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura nephritis (HSPN), 31 children with IgA nephropathy aged between 3 to 15 years and 120 children with HSPN aged between 4 to 15 years were compared with each other in clinical manifestation, blood biochemistry, serum immunology and followup study. Renal pathological findings under light microscope, immunofluorescence and electronic microscope were analyzed and also compared between 31 children with IgA nephropathy and 32 biopsied children with HSPN. The results showed that the onset age was over 12 years in 25.8% children with IgA nephropathy, but only 10% in HSPN (P<0.05). The clinical patterns of IgA nephropathy and HSPN were similar, but extra-renal manifestations were more often in HSPN, all of them had skin purpura, 59% had gastrointestinal symptoms and 47% suffered from arthralgia, compared with only abdominal pain in 3.2% children with IgA nephropathy. The renal pathological investigation showed global sclerosis in 35.5% of IgA nephropathy and 3.1% of HSPN, mesangial sclerosis in 41.9% of IgA nephropathy and 6.3% of HSPN, but endothelial proliferation in 65.6% of HSPN and 29% of IgA nephropathy (allP<0.01). Thin basement membrane nephropathy was only found in 6.5% children with IgA nephropathy, no in HSPN. The electronic dense deposits in HSPN were sparse, loose and wildly spread in glomerular mesangium, subendothelial area and even intra basement membrane, but it was dense, lumpy and mostly limited in mesangium and paramesangium in IgA nephropathy. Predominant IgA deposits were found in 81.2% of HSPN, and overwhelming IgG deposits in 12.5% of HSPN with relatively weak IgA deposits, moreover 6.3% of HSPN showed linear IgG deposits in glomerular capillary. Totally 71.9% of HSPN had IgG deposits in glomeruli and only 19.4% of IgA nephropathy showed glomerular IgG deposits (P<0.01). No IgG deposit was observed in 81.6% of IgA nephropathy, among them most showed IgA and IgM and/or C3 deposits, moreover overwhelming IgG deposits and linear IgG deposits couldn't be found in IgA nephropathy. Mean 20 months follow-up showed complete remission in 72.5% of HSPN, but only 19.4% in IgA nephropathy after 34 months follow-up. Moreover, 64.5% of IgA nephropathy had consistent hematuria and proteinuria and 16.1% had active nephritides (P<0.05). It was concluded that significant clinico-pathological difference was found between HSPN and IgA nephropathy, which didn't support the one disease entity hypothesis. HSPN and IgA nephropathy are probably two diseases with similar immune abnormalities. ZHOU Jianhua, male, born in 1964, Professor