成人线状IgA大疱性皮病5例临床分析

目的：了解5例成人线状IgA大疱性皮病的临床特点,以提高对该病的认识。方法：对5例成人线状IgA大疱性皮病的临床资料、组织病理、免疫荧光进行分析,并对相关文献进行复习。结果：5例患者中男3例,女2例,年龄在66—87岁之间,均表现为在红斑基础上的水疱,或外观正常的皮肤上出现的水疱,病理组织活检和免疫荧光确诊为成人线状IgA大疱性皮病。结论：成人线状IgA大疱性皮病好发年龄为〉60岁的老年人,皮疹表现类似大疱性类天疱疮、疱疹样皮炎,多数兼有两病的特点,容易误诊,直接免疫荧光检查发现沿基底膜带有均质型线状IgA沉积具有诊断价值。     

线状IgA大疱性皮病研究进展

线状IgA大疱性皮病是一种以基底膜带存在连续性IgA抗体沉积为特点的罕见的自身免疫性大疱病,可能与遗传、药物、炎症性疾病、肿瘤等有关。线状IgA大疱性皮病的诊断依据临床表现、常规病理和免疫荧光。该病首选的治疗方案是口服氨苯砜,近年来也有生物制剂治疗该病的报道。本文从流行病学、病因、发病机制、临床表现、实验室检查、诊断及治疗等方面对线状IgA大疱性皮病进行总结。     

误诊为线状IgA大疱性皮病的系统性红斑狼疮

报告1例误诊为线状IgA大疱性皮病的系统性红斑狼疮(SLE).患者女.24岁,颈部、肩部环形分布水疱2个月,皮损组织病理表现为表皮下疱.真皮乳头及中层血管、毛囊周围以中性粒细胞为主的炎性浸润,直接免疫荧光检查见基膜带IgA(+)、IgG(+)线状沉积,初步诊断为线状IgA大疱性皮病.但此后实验室检查发现该患者外周血白细胞计数低、贫血、低蛋白血症、肝功能轻度异常,遂做相关检查,最后确诊为SLE.     

伴黏膜受累的成人线状IgA大疱性皮病1例并文献回顾

患者女,35岁,躯干、四肢红斑、瘙痒半月,加重伴水疱3 d。皮损组织病理示:表皮下水疱,疱液见中性粒细胞,真皮中浅层血管内及周围见中性粒细胞浸润;直接免疫荧光见IgA、IgG基底膜带线状沉积;根据临床表现、组织病理学、免疫荧光诊断为成人线状IgA大疱性皮病。线状IgA大疱性皮病为少见的自身免疫性表皮下大疱病,成人临床表现多样化,易出现误诊。     

儿童型线状IgA大疱性皮病一例

患儿女,7岁,主因全身起水疱伴剧痒1月余入院。皮科情况：全身见较多红色斑片、丘疹、丘疱疹及水疱,部分水疱呈腊肠样,水疱主要分布于红斑边缘。水疱破后形成糜烂伴结痂。以面、臀及股内侧较密集,部分表面可见浆痂。病理：表皮下水疱,疱内可见散在嗜中性粒细胞,疱底及疱两侧表皮可见大量嗜中性粒细胞,偶见嗜酸性粒细胞。免疫荧光检查：DIF：IgA 弱阳性,IgG 阳性,IIF：IgA 阴性。诊断：儿童型线状IgA大疱性皮病。治疗：氨苯砜,100mg/天,10余天后基本痊愈,至今40余天,皮疹无复发。讨论：线状IgA大疱性皮病(LABD)由Chorzelski ( 1979)首先命名。本例患儿发病早、具特征性皮损,HE病理：表皮下水疱,疱内可见散在嗜中性粒细胞,疱底及疱两侧表皮可见大量嗜中性粒细胞。免疫荧光可见IgG、IgA于基底膜带呈线状沉积。氨苯砜治疗效果好,儿童型线状IgA大疱性皮病诊断成立。本例免疫病理IgA、IgG均阳性,提示该患儿是否可能存在IgA大疱性皮病与大疱性类天疱疮的重叠,还有待于进一步检查。     

儿童线状IgA大疱性皮病1例

报告1例儿童线状IgA大疱性皮病。患儿,女,8岁。全身红斑、水疱伴痒6个月。皮肤组织病理:表皮下疱,疱内嗜中性白细胞和淋巴细胞;真皮乳头保持完整,血管周围淋巴组织细胞浸润。免疫荧光:基膜区IgA线状沉积。诊断:儿童线状IgA大疱性皮病。     

儿童慢性大疱性皮病、成人线状IgA皮病为IgA_1介导性疾病

作者为了证明线状IgA皮病(包括儿童型和成人型)是否为IgA_1介导性疾病,检测了32例儿童慢性大疱性皮病(CBDC)、8例成人线状IgA皮病(LAD)皮肤和血清中抗基底膜(BMZ)IgA抗体的亚类。5例疱疹样皮炎(DH)     

用免疫电镜诊断成人线状IgA皮病

均质线状 IgA 沉积于真表皮结合部位(DEJ)是线状 IgA 大疱性皮病(LABD)的特征。但现在仍不明确,是否只要是 IgA 而不是 IgG 或 C_3的沉积,就可以将其视为一种独立性疾病而从表皮下疱病中独立出来,但问题是在同时有 IgA 和 IgG 沉积时则难于确定。因此作者用免疫电镜对61例表皮下自身免疫性大疱病患者进行了研究,所有患者年龄     

表现为环状红斑水疱的自身免疫性表皮下水疱病25例回顾性分析

目的总结表现为环状红斑水疱的自身免疫性表皮下水疱病的临床、组织病理、免疫血清学及治疗特点。方法回顾性分析2015—2022年就诊于中国医学科学院皮肤病医院表现为环状红斑水疱的自身免疫性表皮下水疱病患者的资料。结果共纳入患者25例, 男10例、女15例, 年龄(39.21 ± 24.65)岁, 包括线状IgA大疱性皮病9例, 大疱性类天疱疮7例, 抗P200类天疱疮5例, 获得性大疱性表皮松解症4例, 20例(80%)有不同程度瘙痒。15例(60%)出现真皮组织嗜酸性粒细胞浸润, 11例(44%)外周血嗜酸性粒细胞计数增加, 7例(28%)同时有嗜酸性粒细胞组织浸润和外周血嗜酸性粒细胞升高。盐裂皮肤-间接免疫荧光及免疫印迹实验显示, 9例同时存在抗基底膜带IgG及IgA抗体, 包括4例大疱性类天疱疮、1例线状IgA大疱性皮病、2例抗P200类天疱疮、2例获得性大疱性表皮松解症;5例同时存在多种抗基底膜带靶抗原的抗体。7例大疱性类天疱疮均予系统糖皮质激素治疗, 其中5例联合免疫抑制剂, 2例联合米诺环素;线状IgA大疱性皮病、抗P200类天疱疮、获得性大疱性表皮松解症患者对抗炎药物及氨苯砜...     

线状IgA大疱性皮病15例分析

目的分析线状IgA大疱性皮病的临床特点、治疗及预后,提高临床医生对本病的认识。方法回顾性分析本科2004年1月-2011年12月诊治的15例线状IgA大疱性皮病的临床资料。结果男6例,女9例;儿童型5例,成人型10例;皮损初始部位:面部4例,口腔黏膜及双下肢各3例;累及躯干和四肢12例,14例临床表现为红斑或正常皮肤上出现水疱,6例水疱呈环形或半环形排列。皮损组织病理均见表皮及复层鳞状上皮下水疱或裂隙,直接免疫荧光均表现为基底膜带线状IgA沉积。13例予糖皮质激素治疗,皮损均控制;2例予氨苯砜治疗,均发生不良反应。结论线状IgA大疱性皮病的皮损以口腔黏膜、面部及下肢首发居多,好发于躯干和四肢,临床表现为红斑或正常皮肤上出现水疱,呈孤立、环形和/或半环形排列;组织病理可见表皮或复层鳞状上皮下水疱或裂隙,直接免疫荧光示基底膜带线状IgA沉积是诊断的主要依据。治疗上可选用氨苯砜、糖皮质激素和磺胺类药物等。     

Linear immunoglobulin A/G bullous dermatosis associated with ulcerative colitis

Linear immunoglobulin (Ig)A/G bullous dermatosis (LAGBD) is an autoimmune bullous disease characterized by formation of subepidermal blisters and linear deposition of IgA and IgG antibodies along the basement membrane zone (BMZ). The association between linear IgA bullous dermatosis and ulcerative colitis (UC) is well recognized, but reports of UC‐associated LAGBD are lacking. We have reported a 24‐year‐old man suffering from LAGBD associated with UC, which occurred before exacerbations of skin rash. A skin biopsy indicated a subepidermal blister with an infiltration of primarily neutrophils and eosinophils in the dermis. Direct immunofluorescence (IF) studies showed a linear deposition of IgA, IgG and C3c. Indirect IF of human skin revealed IgA and IgG anti‐BMZ autoantibodies. Indirect IF of 1 M NaCl‐split human skin demonstrated reactivity of IgA and IgG antibodies at the epidermal side. Immunoblotting showed that IgG antibodies reacted to the BP180 NC16a domain and 120‐kDa linear IgA dermatosis‐1, and enzyme‐linked immunoassay detected IgG anti‐BP230 antibodies. Administration of prednisolone and diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS) via the p.o. route improved skin lesions and bowel conditions. These results suggest that the bowel inflammation observed in UC may have a causative effect of initiation of the immune response to the skin and development of the bullous skin lesions in LAGBD. A combination of DDS and corticosteroid could be a recommended therapeutic option for patients with LAGBD with UC.     

C3d immunohistochemistry on formalin‐fixed tissue is a valuable tool in the diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid of the skin

Background: Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) testing is an important procedure in the diagnosis of autoimmune bullous dermatoses. We investigated the expression of C3d in formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissue of autoimmune bullous dermatoses. Methods: The immunohistochemical expression of C3d in bullous pemphigoid (BP) (n = 32), pemphigoid gestationis (PG) (n = 3), pemphigus (n = 14), dermatitis herpetiformis Duhring (DHD) (n = 10), linear immunoglobulin A (IgA) dermatosis (n = 4), mixed forms of BP and linear IgA dermatosis (n = 2), and 44 controls was analyzed on formalin‐fixed tissue. Results: Thirty‐one of 32 cases (97%) of BP and 3 out of 3 cases (100%) of PG showed a linear positivity of C3d along the basement membrane. Only 3 out of 14 (21%) cases of pemphigus showed an intraepidermal intercellular expression of C3d. The two mixed forms of linear IgA dermatosis and BP showed a linear positivity of C3d along the basement membrane. All cases of DHD, linear IgA dermatosis and all of the controls were negative for C3d. Conclusions: C3d immunohistochemistry is a valuable tool in the diagnosis of BP and PG of the skin with a sensitivity of at least 97%. Mixed forms of linear IgA dermatosis, and BP, DHD and linear IgA dermatosis can only be identified by DIF. A positive result may prompt serologic confirmation of BP without further need for DIF. Pfaltz K, Mertz K, Rose C, Scheidegger P, Pfaltz M, Kempf W. C3d immunohistochemistry on formalin‐fixed tissue is a valuable tool in the diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid of the skin.     

Unusual clinicopathological and immunological presentation of chronic bullous dermatosis of childhood (linear IgA dermatosis)

Linear IgA bullous dermatosis is a rare sulfone-responsive subepidermal blistering disorder of unknown etiology in which smooth linear deposits of IgA are found in the basement membrane zone. Chronic bullous dermatosis of childhood is equivalent to linear IgA disease of adulthood and is characterized by an abrupt onset of large, widespread and tense bullae on a normal or erythematous base. In this case, we describe an unusual presentation of chronic bullous dermatosis in a 14-month-old Saudi girl. Histopathological examination revealed subepidermal cell poor blisters with linear deposition of IgA, IgG, IgM, and C3 along the dermoepidermal junction. The unusual clinical, histopathological and immunofluorescence findings in this patient are discussed, with an account on the differential diagnosis in such cases along with a detailed review of the relevant literature.     

Case of linear immunoglobulin A bullous dermatosis associated with acquired hemophilia

Linear immunoglobulin (Ig)A bullous dermatosis is a rare autoimmune subepidermal bullous dermatosis caused by circulating IgA autoantibodies directed against the antigens at the basement membrane zone. Most linear IgA bullous dermatosis cases are idiopathic, but some are associated with the use of certain drugs, infections, lymphoproliferative disorders, internal malignancies, autoimmune disorders, collagen diseases or, very rarely, other skin diseases, including autoimmune bullous diseases. Acquired hemophilia is also rare; it is a coagulation disease caused by anti-factor VIII IgG antibodies. Acquired hemophilia has been reported to be associated with malignant tumors, pregnancy or postpartum, drug reactions, collagen diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune disorders, and skin diseases such as psoriasis and pemphigus. We report a case of hemophilia acquired during the course of linear IgA bullous dermatosis and review reported cases of autoimmune bullous dermatoses associated with acquired hemophilia.     

An Analysis of 24 Patients with IgA Deposition at the BMZ

A study of 24 patients with IgA deposition at the BMZ of the skin showed that five conditions could be recognized: 1) linear IgA bullous dermatosis in adults (LAD, 7 cases); 2) linear IgA and IgG bullous dermatosis in adults (LAGD, 10 cases); 3) chronic bullous disease of childhood (CBDC, 3 cases); 4) dermatitis herpetiformis (DH, 1 case), and 5) systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, 3 cases). Histopathologically, 5 of 7 patients with LAD were similar to the DH group, but 7 of 10 patients with LAGD were similar to the BP group. Half the patients with LAD and LAGD had oral lesions, and most of them had excellent responses to dapsone and Tripterygium Wilfordii, but the patients with CBDC did not respond to these treatments. In the patients with LAD and LAGD, the positivity rates of IgA anti-BMZ antibodies examined by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) on intact skin and NaCl split skin were 41% and 64%, respectively. The heterogeneity of the histopathologic pictures of LAD and LAGD, the incidence of DH, and the value of using NaCl split skin for IIF are discussed.     

A study of benign chronic bullous dermatosis of childhood and comparison with dermatitis herpetiformis and bullous pemphigoid occurring in childhood

Eighteen patients with benign chronic bullous dermatosis of childhood were studied and the findings compared with those of dermatitis herpetiformis (twenty-two cases) and bullous pemphigoid (five cases) beginning in childhood. The patients with benign chronic bullous dermatosis of childhood had a moderately pruritic bullous eruption with maximal involvement of the pelvic and perioral regions which tended to occur at an earlier age than either dermatitis herpetiformis or bullous pemphigoid. In contrast to dermatitis herpetiformis one-third of the cases with benign chronic bullous dermaiosis of childhood went into remission. Evidence of coeliac disease was only found in the dermatitis herpetiformis group. Surprisingly both diseases shared HLA-B8. A linear BMZ band of IgA was detected on direct immunofluorescence in all but one of the cases with benign chronic bullous dermatosis of childhood and circulating antibodies were detectable in two-thirds. Routine histopathology was of little value in distinguishing between benign chronic bullous dermaiosis of childhood and dermatitis herpetiformis or bullous pemphigoid. Several paradoxes have yet to be explained before it can be determined whether benign chronic bullous dermatosis of childhood is a variant of dermatitis herpetiformis or linear IgA disease.     

IgA linear dermatosis of childhood (chronic Bullous disease of childhood)

Of twenty-seven cases of subepidermal blistering disease of children twelve corresponded clinically, histologically and immunologically to dermatitis herpetiforms of adults, six to bullous pemphigoid, and eight to chronic bullous disease of childhood (CBDC), i.e. IgA linear dermatosis. This latter disease seems to be a distinct entity, different from both dermatitis herpetiformis and bullous pemphigoid, and is characterized immunopathologically by linear IgA deposits at the basement membrane zone. These cases usually do not show intestinal involvement and respond well to combined treatment with sulphones and corticosteroids, whereas sulphones or sulphapyridine alone are, even in very high doses, not sufficient for full control of the disease. CBDC or IgA linear dermatosis of childhood may be regarded as a counterpart of IgA linear dermatosis of adults.     

Linear IgA bullous dermatosis in South India

Background A study of five cases of linear IgA dermatosis (LABD) in a referral hospital in South India is presented. Methods A dermatologic examination, skin biopsy, and direct immunofluorescence were carried out on all patients. Patients were then followed up. Results All five cases showed linear IgA deposits at the dermo-epidermal junction. One case in addition showed IgG and C3 deposits. All cases responded to treatment with dapsone. The treatment duration varied from 14 to 16 months and the fifth patient is still on treatment after 37 months. Conclusions Linear IgA bullous dermatosis is a self-limiting bullous disorder. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of LABD from India.