游离尺动脉腕上皮支微型皮瓣修复手指C形缺损

目的 探讨游离尺动脉腕上皮支微型皮瓣修复手指C形缺损的手术方法及临床疗效.方法 自2014年5月至2018年12月,我们采用游离尺动脉腕上皮支微型皮瓣修复手指皮肤C形缺损患者12例.缺损创面大小为1.8 cm×2.7 cm～3.3 cm×5.5 cm,皮瓣切取面积2.0 cm×2.5 cm～3.5 cm×6.7cm,C...     

游离尺动脉腕上皮支上行支皮瓣修复手指损伤12例

目的 报道应用游离尺动脉腕上皮支上行支皮瓣修复指损伤的临床效果. 方法 2008年6月至2011年11月,我科应用以尺动脉腕上皮支上行支为蒂的游离皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损12例,软组织缺损面积2.0 cm×1.5 cm～5.0 cm ×3.0 cm,皮瓣面积2.3 cm×1.8 cm～5.5 cm×3.5 cm.8例手术在切取皮瓣同时切取前臂内侧皮神经,并将皮瓣内前臂内侧皮神经与受区指固有神经吻合. 结果 12例皮瓣全部成活,2例皮瓣较臃肿,1例患者工作中皮瓣发生破溃,经换药后愈合.术后随访3个月～3年,皮瓣外形与功能满意,皮瓣内吻合神经者,两点辨别觉恢复至6～8 mm. 结论 尺动脉腕上皮支上行支解剖位置恒定,切取容易.该皮瓣供区隐蔽,可恢复部分感觉,术后并发症少,是修复手指软组织缺损的较好方法.     

骨间后Flow-through穿支皮瓣修复手指近、中节软组织缺损

目的 探讨骨间后Flow-through穿支皮瓣修复手指近、中节软组织缺损的临床疗效.方法 自2016年1月至2019年12月,深圳市中西医结合医院手外科对收治的9例手指近、中节皮肤软组织缺损的患者采用骨间后Flow-through穿支皮瓣修复,供区皮瓣设计在前臂中段背侧,皮瓣切取面积为3.0 cm×2.0 cm～6....     

游离前臂微型穿支皮瓣修复手指皮肤软组织缺损

目的探讨应用游离前臂微型穿支皮瓣修复手指皮肤软组织缺损的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析本院收治的31例手指皮肤软组织缺损患者的临床资料,共行游离前臂微型穿支皮瓣修复损伤手指34指,其中,切取尺动脉腕上穿支皮瓣修复10指,尺动脉中近端穿支皮瓣修复10指,骨间背动脉穿支皮瓣修复15指,桡动脉腕横纹穿支皮瓣修复5指。结果移植34例皮瓣大小2.0cm×2.5cm～3.5cm×5.5cm,平均(9.72±1.5)cm~2,皮瓣厚度平均(3.1±0.4)mm。34例皮瓣全部成活,32例达Ⅰ期愈合,2例延迟愈合。前臂供区31例中28例直接拉拢缝合,3例行植皮覆盖,30例达Ⅰ期愈合,1例延迟愈合。术后随访6～12个月,观察皮瓣成活良好,外形功能满意,皮瓣两点辨别觉均值为7.0±2.8mm,根据中华医学会手外科学分会上肢部分功能评定标准评定:优18例,良11例,可2例。结论游离前臂微型穿支皮瓣修复术用于修复手指皮肤软组织缺损,皮瓣设计自由,临床效果满意,具有较高的安全性。     

三种前臂微型游离皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损的比较

[目的]探讨三种用于修复手指软组织缺损的前臂微型游离皮瓣的效果及其差别。[方法]2013年5月～2016年5月收治32例手指软组织缺损患者(42指),其中10例为2指软组织缺损,22例为1指软组织缺损,分别应用桡动脉掌浅支腕横纹皮瓣、尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣或(和)骨间背侧动脉穿支皮瓣游离移植修复。[结果]术后随访6～12个月,1例骨间背侧动脉穿支皮瓣和2例尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣术后出现小面积坏死,其余皮瓣均一期成活。2例骨间背侧动脉穿支皮瓣和2例尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣由于外观和功能影响二期行皮瓣整形术。[结论]应用桡动脉掌浅支腕横纹皮瓣、尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣和骨间背侧动脉穿支皮瓣游离移植修复手指软组织缺损有其相似的共同点,同时三者之间又有一些微妙的差别,需根据受区具体情况酌情选择为宜。     

带趾腓背侧甲床瓣修复手指伸肌腱止点及甲床缺损

目的探讨带长伸肌腱的趾腓背侧甲床瓣修复手指伸肌腱止点及甲床缺损的可行性及疗效。方法 2016年3月至2021年12月,深圳市龙岗区人民医院烧伤整形科应用带长伸肌腱的趾腓背侧甲床瓣修复手指伸肌腱止点及甲床缺损9例9指,其中男7例7指,女2例2指,年龄21～46(平均34.2)岁。致伤原因:磨损伤2例,电刨伤5例,热压伤1例,利器伤1例。均为手指远侧指骨间关节背侧及甲床复合组织缺损,其中拇指1例,示指3例,中指4例,环指1例。均为甲床、末节背侧软组织及肌腱止点缺损,甲床及软组织缺损面积2.6 cm×1.3 cm～3.1 cm×1.7 cm。肌腱缺损长0.4～0.8 cm、宽0.8 cm。末节指骨背侧部分骨质缺损3例,面积为0.3 cm×0.4 cm～0.6 cm×0.7 cm。1例为急诊手术修复,8例为亚急诊手术修复,实施以趾腓侧趾背动脉滋养的带长肌腱的趾腓背侧甲床瓣移植,切取甲床瓣面积3.0 cm×1.5 cm～3.3 cm×2.0 cm,切取肌腱长1.0～2.0 cm、宽0.8 cm。修复手指缺损肌腱及甲床,并用锚钉固定肌腱末端于末节指骨重建手指伸肌腱止点。小腿部供区直接拉拢缝合, 后...     

应用游离前臂背侧动脉穿支皮瓣移植修复手指部软组织缺损

目的探讨应用游离前臂背侧动脉穿支皮瓣修复手指部软组织缺损的方法和效果。方法 11例手指部中小面积皮肤缺损患者,应用游离前臂背侧动脉穿支皮瓣进行修复,以前臂后侧皮神经重建感觉,皮肤缺损面积2. 5 cm×2. 0 cm～8. 0 cm×3. 0 cm,皮瓣切取面积3. 0 cm×2. 3 cm～9. 0 cm×3. 5 cm。血管采用端端或端侧吻合法,随访观察皮瓣外形及感觉恢复情况。结果 11例患者均获得随访,随访时间6～12个月。皮瓣全部成活,外观良好、质地佳、感觉恢复满意,供区仅残留线状瘢痕。按中华医学会手外科学会上肢部分功能评定试用标准评定疗效:优7例,良4例。结论游离前臂背侧动脉穿支皮瓣具有血供可靠、切取方便、质地优良、供区损伤小等特点,是修复手指部中小面积缺损较好的方法。     

桡动脉掌浅支为蒂的嵌合骨皮瓣游离移植修复手指复合组织缺损

目的探讨以桡动脉掌浅支为蒂的嵌合骨皮瓣游离移植修复手指复合组织缺损的临床疗效。方法2013年7月至2016年1月,应用桡动脉掌浅支嵌合骨皮瓣游离转移修复手指复合组织缺损9例;手术中以桡动脉掌浅支为蒂切取皮瓣和骨瓣,皮瓣面积1.5cm×4.0cm^3.5cm×6.5cm,骨瓣大小0.5cm×1.0cm×1.5cm^1.0cm×2.5cm×3.5cm。术后定期随访。结果9例嵌合骨皮瓣均成活良好。骨瓣平均愈合时间1.6(1.5~3.0)个月,患指外观恢复良好,供区瘢痕轻微,术后6个月皮瓣两点辨别觉平均为6.6(5.3~8.6)mm,末次随访按中华医学会手外科学会上肢部分功能评定拇、手指再造功能评定试用标准评定患指功能:优7例,良1例,中1例。结论以桡动脉掌浅支为蒂的游离嵌合骨皮瓣可同时修复软组织和骨缺损,有利于缩短病程,加快患指功能恢复,是修复手指复合组织缺损的一种新选择。     

游离尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣修复手指皮肤缺损

目的探讨应用尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣游离移植修复手指皮肤缺损的临床效果。方法采用尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣游离移植修复12例手指缺损,根据手指皮肤缺损形状及面积设计皮瓣,皮瓣大小:1.5 cm×4.5cm～4.0 cm×8.0 cm;皮瓣血管蒂分别与受区指动脉及浅静脉作端端吻合。结果皮瓣全部成活。患者均获随访,时间6～30个月。术后6个月按中华医学会手外科学会上肢部分功能评定试用标准:优7例,良3例,可2例。结论采用尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣游离移植修复手指皮肤缺损,皮瓣切取方便,血管解剖较恒定,供区隐蔽且损伤小,受区外形和功能恢复良好。是修复手指软组织缺损较理想的方法之一。     

游离尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣修复手指创面

目的探讨尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣修复手指创面的手术方法及效果。方法对11例手指皮肤软组织缺损合并肌腱或骨外露者,采用游离尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣进行修复。其中8例面积为2．5cm×1．0cm-5．2cm×2．2cm的皮瓣．在腕上皮支下行支轴线上切取：3例面积为5．5cm×3．0cm×6．2cm×3．8cm的皮瓣,在腕上皮支下行支及上行支轴线上切取。皮瓣切取后,8例下行支皮瓣内腕上皮支主干均直接与受区指动脉吻合,3例合并有上行支的皮瓣均移植了前臂静脉与受区的指动脉吻合,皮瓣内的皮下静脉或伴行静脉分别与近端指掌侧或指背侧2-3根静脉吻合,将皮瓣内携带的1条尺神经手背支与指固有神经接合。结果术后11例皮瓣全部成活．并获得4～17个月随访。皮肤弹性、色泽、质地良好,外形满意。两点辨别觉9-12mm。结论游离尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣供区隐蔽,血管穿支位置恒定,不损伤主干血管,供区损伤小,切取简单。修复手指缺损外观满意,可携带神经恢复皮瓣感觉,是修复手指创面的一种理想选择。     

胸腰椎骨折椎弓根内固定断裂与植骨融合方式的相关性分析

[目的]探讨胸腰椎骨折椎弓根螺钉内固定系统内固定术后,椎弓根螺钉断裂与植骨融合方式之间的关系,以探讨胸腰椎骨折植骨融合的最佳方式。[方法]回顾性研究1995年5月~2005年12月本院脊柱外科收治的胸腰椎骨折病人197例,其中A组单纯内固定(不植骨)患者14例,B组“H”形椎板植骨21例,C组横突间植骨67例,D组椎间、椎内联合横突间植骨95例。[结果]术后随访6~32个月,内固定断裂12例,其中A组4例,B组3例,C组5例,D组0例,4组中D组内固定断裂率显著低于其他3组(P<0.05)。[结论]椎间、椎体内联合横突间植骨重建脊柱三柱的稳定性,符合人体生物力学原理,能有效降低内固定断裂的发生。     

On the measurement of the functional properties of the CFTR

A number of methods are currently employed to assess the functional properties of CFTR channels and their response to pharmacological potentiators, correction of the defective CFTR trafficking, and vectorial introduction of new proteins. Here we review the most common methods used to assess CFTR channel function. The suitability of each technique to various experimental conditions is discussed.     

The Measurement of the Inclination Angle of the Hamate and Analysis of the Inclination Angle for the Rotation Deformity of the Little Finger in the Fixation of the Carpometacarpal Joint

ObjectiveComplex base fractures of the fifth metacarpal bone and dislocation of the fifth carpometacarpal joint are more prone to internal rotation deformity of the little finger sequence after fixation with a transarticular plate. In the past, we have neglected that there is actually a certain angle of external rotation in the hamate surface of transarticular fixation. This study measured the inclination angle of the hamate surface relative to the fifth metacarpal surface for clinical reference.MethodsIn a prospective single‐center study, we investigated the tilt angle of 60 normal hamates. The study included thin‐layer computed tomography (CT) data from 60 patients from the orthopaedic clinic and inpatient unit from January 2017 to March 2020, including 34 men and 26 women who were 15~59 years old, average 35 years old. The CT data of 60 cases in Dicom format of the hand was input into Mimics and 3‐Matics software for three‐dimensional (3D) reconstruction and measuring the angle α between hamate surface and the fifth metacarpal surface. According to the possible placement of the transarticular plate on the fifth metacarpal surface, we measured the angle β between the hamate surface 1 and the fifth metacarpal surface and the angle γ between the hamate surface 2 and the fifth metacarpal surface.ResultsThe average angle between the hamate surface and the fifth metacarpal surface was 11.66°. The hamate surfaces 1 and 2 have an external rotation angle of 7.30° and 7.51° on average with respect to the fifth metacarpal surface, respectively. There is no statistically significant difference in the angles between the two groups (P > 0.05).ConclusionsThe horizontal angle of the dorsal side of the hamate is different from the back of the fifth metacarpal surface, and the hamate has a certain external rotation angle with respect to the fifth metacarpal surface. No matter how the transarticular plate is placed, the plate always has a certain external rotation angle relative to the fifth metacarpal surface. When the fixation is across the fifth carpometacarpal joint, if the plate does not twist and shape, it will inevitably cause internal rotation of the fifth metacarpal, resulting in internal rotation deformity of the little finger sequence.     

静脉输注甘露醇开放血脑屏障对抗生素透过血脑屏障的影响

目的　通过快速静脉输注甘露醇可逆性开放血脑屏障 (BBB) ,探知此方法能否增加抗生素透过BBB的量 ,在何时达到最高峰 ,其通透量增加后临床上有无不良反应。方法　采用自身配伍设计 ,共 6个样本组。对照组仅使用抗生素 ;其余 5组分别在使用甘露醇前 60、3 0min ,同时使用甘露醇后 3 0、60min使用抗生素 ,各组皆取使用抗生素后 1h的脑脊液测其抗生素浓度。抗生素选用头孢三嗪。结果　测量值经过q检验 ,经 2 0 %甘露醇处理前后的CSF中的头孢三嗪浓度差异有非常显著性。全组患者经临床观察未出现神经系统的不良反应。结论　经静脉快速输注2 0 %甘露醇后可以使透过BBB的水溶性抗生素的量增加 ,两者使用的顺序是在抗生素使用 3 0min内即给予甘露醇快速滴注。该方法不会增加低神经毒性抗生素在中枢神经系统的不良反应。     

Preservation of the pylorus and resection of the head of the pancreas

The historical evolution of the pylorus-preservation resection of the head of the pancreas is traced from the first resections early in this century to relative standardization of the operation, to a lowering of the operative mortality, and to an interest in improving nutritional status after resection. There are many theoretical advantages for the function of the upper gastrointestinal tract after pylorus and gastric preservation, such as maintenance of gastric capacitance and equilibration of osmotic pressure in gastric digestants, foodstuff digestion and absorption, and bowel motility. After the pylorus-preserving resection, gastric emptying is normal, pyloric function to prevent duodenal reflux is often normal, and gastric acids and serum levels of duodenal hormones are at normal levels, whereas after standard pancreatoduodenectomy, all of these are often abnormal. No prospective blinded studies have been published comparing nutritional values after the two operative procedures, but evidence is presented of a satisfactory result with regard to gastric capacitance, body weight gain, and lack of postgastrectomy symptoms. An undoubted advantage of the pylorus-preserving feature is a simplification of the operation. These gains are achieved without increase in operative mortality, without increase in the incidence of jejunal ulcer, and without theoretical or actual decrease in value of the procedure as a cancer operation, except in patients with duodenal carcinoma proximal to the ampulla of Vater.     

下颌全牙弓后移量及最后界的测量

目的：研究下颌牙弓的有效后移量及找寻下颌牙弓移动的后界。方法：选取涉及拔除下颌第三磨牙或下颌第三磨牙缺失的病例18例（男6例,女12例）。采用种植支抗牵引下牙弓向远中,治疗完成时所有病例均明确到达下颌牙弓后界,即下颌第二磨牙远中到达下颌升支前缘软组织交界处。应用治疗前后的曲断片测量下颌第二磨牙远中到升支前缘的距离。结果：下颌第二磨牙后移量为（3.49±1.21）mm;治疗后磨牙后间隙的长度为（4.43±0.97）mm。结论：下颌牙弓可确定性地实现整体后移;最大后移量由磨牙后间隙的长度决定;其最后界止于下颌第二磨牙远中与下颌升支前缘软组织交界处。     

Preservation of the pylorus in resection of the head of the pancreas

Whipple's pancreatoduodenectomy was the standard operation for diseases of the head of the pancreas for more than 40 years, but the results were vitiated in part by poor gastrointestinal function and malnutrition. Reintroduced in 1978, pylorus-preserving proximal pancreatoduodenectomy (PPPP) has had an increasing impact on pancreatic surgery as its benefits have been recognized: improved nutritional status, decreased incidence of postgastrectomy syndromes, and a technically easier operation. Postoperative mortality rates and 5-year survival rates are comparable with those of the classic Whipple procedure. PPPP is indicated for most patients with chronic pancreatitis of the pancreatic head. It is also appropriate for patients with periampullary cancer and for those with pancreatic cancer arising from the lower part of ‘the head and the uncinate process. More than 650 patients have now undergone PPPP: 31% for chronic pancreatitis and 66% for periampullary and pancreatic cancers. We assess the indications for PPPP, outline the operation, and review the results.