脐带绕颈产时对围产儿及分娩方式的影响

目的:探讨产时脐带绕颈对围产儿及分娩方式的影响。方法:选择680例单胎足月妊娠孕妇进行分析,分脐带绕颈组与无脐带绕颈组,分析脐带长度与脐带绕颈的关系,分析产时胎儿宫内窘迫率及新生儿窒息率;分析因胎儿宫内窘迫行阴道助产率及剖宫产率。结果:脐带过短无一例发生脐带绕颈,脐带过长组的脐带绕颈周数多于脐带正常长组,两组比较P<0.01,有显著差异。脐带绕颈组与无绕颈组的胎儿宫内窘迫率及新生儿窒息率比较.P<0.01,二组有显著差异。脐带绕颈的胎儿宫内窘迫率为24.82 ％,新生儿窒息率为12.41％。脐带绕颈与无绕颈组因胎儿宫内窘迫行阴道助产率及剖宫产率,两组比较,P>0.05。并无显著差异,脐带绕颈的胎儿宫内窘迫行阴道助产率为4.96％,剖宫产率为6.38％。结论:脐带绕颈与脐带长度有一定关系,脐带过长是导致脐带绕颈的基本因素,脐带绕颈周数越多,则胎儿宫内窘迫、新生儿窒息发生机会越大;但产前疑诊脐带绕颈者无需均采取剖宫产。     

脐带长度与脐带绕颈关系的临床分析

目的探讨分析脐带长度与脐带绕颈率、绕颈周数、胎儿预后的关系。方法将2000例本院分娩产妇的胎儿脐带长度分为四组（〈30cm,30—60cm,70—90cm,〉90cm）,分别统计脐带绕颈率、脐带绕颈周数、胎儿宫内窘迫和新生儿窒息率。结果胎儿脐带长度与脐带绕颈发生率、绕颈周数经统计学比较有显著性差异（P〈O．01）;胎儿宫内窘迫、新生儿窒息率与脐带绕颈周数经统计学比较有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论随着脐带长度的增加,脐带绕颈的发生率与脐带绕颈的周数随之增多,并且胎儿宫内窘迫和新生儿窒息率的发生随胎儿绕颈的周数的增加而逐渐增高。     

367例脐带绕颈胎儿宫内缺氧应急分娩预警方案的选择

目的：探讨脐带绕颈胎儿宫内缺氧应急分娩方式的选择。方法：采用临床科研资料收集的方法，对比不同应急分娩方式的选择对新生儿窒息的影响程度。结果：不同应急分娩预警方式的选择，对新生儿窒息影响程度不同，胎儿宫内窘迫时依次从高到低新生儿窒息的发生率是会阴侧切加腹压53．8％；会阴侧切产钳术50．4％；会阴侧切自然分娩28％，急性剖宫产为11．76％，脐带绕颈周数与胎儿宫内窘迫和新生儿窒息呈正相关，绕颈周数越多，新生儿窒息程度越重。结论：开展孕产妇孕前和孕期及产程系统保健对脐带绕颈胎儿宫内缺氧及时预警，并恰到好处适时选择生产术式对新生儿生命质量至关重要。     

脐带绕颈对妊娠结局的影响

目的:探讨脐带绕颈的最佳分娩方式,以达到降低剖宫产率及新生儿窒息率的目的。方法:选取脐带绕颈孕妇351例,根据新生儿出生时脐带绕颈情况分为:脐带缠绕一周组229例;脐带缠绕大于或等于两周组122例,以无脐带绕颈1 148例为对照组,分析三组分娩方式及新生儿情况。结果:脐带缠绕一周组剖宫产91例,其中胎儿宫内窘迫或新生儿窒息16例,阴道分娩138例,其中胎儿宫内窘迫或新生儿窒息6例;脐带缠绕大于或等于两周组剖宫产112例,其中胎儿宫内窘迫或新生儿窒息6例,阴道分娩10例,其中胎儿宫内窘迫或新生儿窒息1例;对照组剖宫产229例,其中胎儿宫内窘迫或新生儿窒息41例,阴道分娩919例,其中胎儿宫内窘迫或新生儿窒息20例。结论:脐带绕颈一周可阴道试产;脐带绕颈两周及以上的孕妇,选择剖宫产结束妊娠为佳。     

胎儿脐带绕颈彩色多普勒超声分型及临床意义

目的 应用彩色多普勒超声诊断胎儿脐带绕颈。进行脐带绕颈分型。指导临床分娩方式。方法妊娠待产者产前2周内进行彩色多普勒超声检查,观察胎儿颈部皮肤压迹．脐带血管彩色血流束形状,测定颈部两侧脐动脉收缩期最大血流速度与舒张末期最小血流速度比值（S／D）,把脐带绕颈分为紧绕型与松绕型．结果紧绕型与松绕型脐带绕颈在产程中致胎儿宫内窘迫,产后新生儿窒息发生率有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。松绕型组93例．宫内窘迫15例．新生儿窒息6例;紧绕型组16例,宫内窘迫13例．新生儿窒息6例。结论应用彩色多普勒测定脐动脉血流参数（S／D）．观察胎儿颈部皮肤压迹,血流束形状对脐带绕颈进行分型：紧绕型与松绕型;紧绕型可做为剖宫产指征,对分娩方式有指导意义。     

脐绕颈不同分娩方式对围产儿的影响

目的:探讨脐带绕颈时分娩方式选择对围产儿的影响。方法:对我院头位脐带绕颈产妇388例,临产后用胎儿电子监护仪行胎心外监护,及时发现胎儿宫内窘迫,适时终止妊娠,产后Apgar评分等作回顾性分析。结果:脐带绕颈仍以自然分娩为主,但有胎儿窘迫组新生儿窒息发生率比无胎儿窘迫组明显增高,随着脐绕颈周数增多,剖宫产及阴道助产率增高,新生儿窒息发生率也增高。急诊剖宫产术组新生儿窒息明显大于选择性剖宫产术组,两组比较有显著性差异。结论:脐带绕颈可在严密监护下行阴道试产,出现胎儿窘迫时可行阴道助产,其次为剖宫产;对脐带绕颈2周以上者,新生儿窒息发生率高,宜选择剖宫产术。     

327例脐带绕颈临床分析

目的 探讨脐带绕颈对分娩方式、围生儿结局的影响.方法 回顾性分析笔者所在医院2007～2009年327例脐带绕颈病例的临床资料,就脐带绕颈对分娩方式、胎儿宫内窘迫及新生儿窒息等方面有何影响作初步探讨.结果 脐带绕颈组胎儿宫内窘迫发生率明显高于非脐带绕颈组,两组有明显差异.随着脐带缠绕周数增多,阴道手术、剖宫产比例均增高.结论 脐带绕颈易发生胎儿宫内窘迫,孕期和产时均应加强监护,仍以自然分娩占大多数.及早发现胎儿宫内窘迫,尽快结束分娩.缠绕2周或2周以上者,适当放宽剖宫产指征.     

脐带绕颈对妊娠结局的影响分析

目的 探讨脐带绕颈对妊娠结局的影响.方法 选取我院收治的脐带绕颈孕妇200例作为研究组,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析,同时选择同时无脐带绕颈200例作为对照组,对比分析脐带绕颈对分娩方式以及新生儿情况.结果 研究组剖宫产发生率明显高于对照组,且绕颈≥2周剖宫产率明显高于绕颈一周,研究组胎儿窘迫、羊水Ⅲ度污染、新生儿窒息以及死胎发生率明显高于对照组,且绕颈≥2周发生率明显高于绕颈一周,对比差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 脐带绕颈可对产妇和胎儿预后造成严重影响,改变产妇妊娠方式,因此早期发现脐带绕颈分娩过程中一定要密切加强产程观察以及胎儿宫内监测情况.     

脐带绕颈产时对围产儿及分娩方式的影响

目的:探讨产时脐带绕颈对围产儿及分娩方式的影响.方法:选择680例单胎足月妊娠孕妇进行分析,分脐带绕颈组与无脐带绕颈组,分析脐带长度与脐带绕颈的关系,分析产时胎儿宫内窘迫率及新生儿窒息率;分析因胎儿宫内窘迫行阴道助产率及剖宫产率.结果:脐带过短无一例发生脐带绕颈,脐带过长组的脐带绕颈周数多于脐带正常长组,两组比较P<0.01,有显著差异.脐带绕颈组与无绕颈组的胎儿宫内窘迫率及新生儿窒息率比较,P<0.01,二组有显著差异.脐带绕颈的胎儿宫内窘迫率为24.82 %,新生儿窒息率为12.41 %.脐带绕颈与无绕颈组因胎儿宫内窘迫行阴道助产率及剖宫产率,两组比较,P>0.05,并无显著差异,脐带绕颈的胎儿宫内窘迫行阴道助产率为4.96 %,剖宫产率为6.38 %.结论:脐带绕颈与脐带长度有一定关系,脐带过长是导致脐带绕颈的基本因素,脐带绕颈周数越多,则胎儿宫内窘迫、新生儿窒息发生机会越大;但产前疑诊脐带绕颈者无需均采取剖宫产.     

足月妊娠脐带绕颈分娩方式的探讨

目的探讨足月妊娠脐带绕颈在产程中导致胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息的发生率,选择合适的分娩方式。方法住院分娩的548例脐带绕颈孕妇为观察组,同期抽取住院分娩的无脐带绕颈的孕妇500例为对照组,分析比较两组孕妇胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息的发生率、脐带绕颈周数与胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息的发生率以及孕妇的分娩方式。结果观察组胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息的发生率明显高于对照组(P<0.05);脐带绕颈1周观察组与对照组比较剖宫产率无明显差异(P>0.05);脐带绕颈2~3周观察组与对照组比较其剖宫产率明显升高(P<0.05)。结论脐带绕颈1周者,可鼓励孕妇自然分娩,必要时行剖宫产。脐带绕颈2~3周者,建议孕妇剖宫产分娩。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.