重组人生长激素治疗青春中后期特发性矮小症临床观察

目的探讨重组人生长激素(rhGH)对青春中、后期特发性矮小症(ISS)患儿的促生长效应。 方法于2003-10—2005-03在天津市南开医院就诊的19例青春中、后期ISS患者按骨龄被分为3组,A组骨龄130~139岁,10例(男7,女3);B组骨龄140~149岁,6例(男4,女2);C组骨龄150~160岁,3例(男2,女1)。每晚睡前皮下注射rhGH018~020IU/kg,共6个月。 结果3组ISS患者的身高分别由治疗前(1384±12)cm、(1442±18)cm和(1528±44)cm增至(1444±16)cm、(1487±12)cm和(1553±65)cm。3组患儿于治疗的前3个月促生长效果较明显,后3个月A组的促生长效果明显高于B组、C组,且依次递减,组间生长速度差异有显著性意义(P<005);3组患儿用药前、后的体重、骨龄变化差异无显著性意义(P>005);所有患者用药前后的甲状腺功能、血糖、血尿常规均正常。 结论rhGH治疗对青春中后期特发性矮小症有促生长效应,但应密切随访。     

重组人生长激素治疗特发性矮小儿童12例

目的　观察重组人生长激素 (rhGH)治疗特发性矮小儿童促生长作用。方法　对 12例特发性矮小儿童使用rhGH治疗 0 .5 7± 0 .18年 ,比较治疗前后年生长速率和预测成年身高结果。结果　经治疗后特发性矮小儿童的年生长速率和预测成年身高有显著提高 ,身高年龄增长明显快于生活年龄和骨龄的增长。结论　rhGH对特发性矮小儿童具有促生长作用     

重组人生长激素治疗特发性矮小患儿的疗效

目的 观察重组人生长激素( rhGH)治疗特发性矮小(ISS)的疗效.方法 2007年2月-2011年4月在本院儿科就诊并诊断为ISS的患儿62例.男38例,女24例;年龄5～12岁.每晚睡前皮下注射rhGH 0.15 IU· kg-1·d-1,观察1 a,自身比较生长速度(GV)、骨龄(BA)、体质量、身高、年龄对应的身高标准差积分( HtSDSCA)、BA对应的身高标准差积分(HtSDSBA)、BA/年龄( BA/CA)、预测成年身高(PAH)、胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)水平.结果 治疗1 a后,GV由治疗前(4.03±0.69) cm·a-1提高到(8.94±1.74) cm·a-1,身高由( 116.16±16.09) cm提高到(125.26±14.72) cm,HtSDSCA由-2.83±0.91提高到-2.07±0.94,HtSDSBA由0.21±1.01提高到1.14±1.25,PAH由(166.26±9.08) cm提高到(172.46±8.32) cm,治疗前后比较均有统计学差异.而BA、体质量、BA/CA 、IGF-1治疗前后比较差异均无统计学意义.结论 rhGH对ISS患儿促生长作用显著,且对BA无明显影响,不良反应少.     

国产基因重组人生长激素治疗特发性矮小患儿的疗效

目的观察基因重组人生长激素(r-hGH)治疗特发性矮小(ISS)患儿促生长的疗效及对ISS患儿免疫功能影响。方法ISS患儿16例均采用r-hGH治疗,0.12U/(kg·d),每晚睡前0.5 h皮下注射,注射部位在脐周、大腿外侧及上臂外侧等, 总疗程6个月,治疗前后检测患儿身高、体质量、骨龄、骨龄预测身高、生长速率及血清免疫球蛋白改变。结果16例生长速率由(1.5±0.4)cm/6个月提高到(6.5±1.7)em/6个月,骨龄增长小于生活年龄增长,治疗前后通过骨龄预测身高由(150.0±11.7)cm提高到(156.0±8.9)cm,r-hCH治疗后患儿IgA显著提高(P<0.01)。结论国产r-hGH对ISS治疗安全、有效,不仅有促生长作用,同时能改善机体免疫功能。     

重组人生长激素对青春后期特发性矮小女童促生长的疗效

目的探讨重组人生长激素(rhGH)对青春后期特发性矮小(ISS)女童的促生长效应。方法选取30例青春后期ISS女童。年龄12～14岁;身高143～149cm。分为治疗组和对照组,每组均为15例。治疗组患儿均单独接受GH治疗,治疗剂量为0.15IU.kg-1.d-1,临睡前皮下注射,疗程6个月;对照组未使用任何药物,观察6个月。结果治疗组生长速率(GV)由治疗前(2.20±0.56)cm.a-1提高至(3.40±1.37)cm.a-1,与对照组比较有统计学差异(P<0.05);骨龄(BA)由治疗前(13.3±1.7)岁增加到(13.9±1.6)岁,与对照组比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。预测成年身高(PAH)由(146.2±3.1)cm提高到(149.3±3.4)cm,与对照组比较有统计学差异(P<0.05)。治疗组治疗前后GV和FAH比较差异均有统计学意义(Z=-2.05、-2.43,Pa<0.05);而BA比较差异无统计学意义(Z=0.65,P>0.05)。结论GH治疗能改善青春后期ISS女童的GV,而BA加速不明显,疗效肯定,无明显不良反应。     

特发性矮小患儿生长激素受体基因Ex3多态性与重组人生长激素疗效分析

目的：观察生长激素受体（GHR）基因Ex3多态性与重组人生长激素（rhGH）治疗青春期前特发性矮小（ISS）疗效间的相关性。方法：青春期前ISS患儿30例,均采用rhGH［0.116±0.02 IU/(kg/d)］治疗;其外周血白细胞中抽提基因组DNA,采用多重PCR扩增GHR基因Ex3区域。对不同基因型患儿治疗后生长速率（GV）、年龄对应身高标准差积分（HtSDSCA）及骨龄对应身高标准差积分（HtSDSBA）、预测终身高进行比较。结果：rhGH治疗半年后d3/d3基因型组GV较fl/fl基因型组明显增加［（6.3±1.6）cm/年 vs （3.4±0.5）cm/年,P<0.05］。结论：ISS患儿GHR Ex3基因型与rhGH促生长疗效存在一定关联,d3/d3等位基因型患儿用rhGH治疗后生长速率明显优于fl/fl等位基因型。［中国当代儿科杂志,2010,12（9）：730-733］     

重组人生长激素对不同生长激素分泌状态青春前期矮小患儿近期疗效分析

目的探讨部分性生长激素缺乏症（pGHD）患儿在重组人生长激素（rhGH）治疗后早期追赶性生长的规律。方法回顾性分析62例青春前期不同生长激素（GH）分泌状态矮小患儿用rhGH治疗后,近期（1．5年）追赶性生长指标（生长速度和身高Z分增值）和促生长素轴实验室指标的变化。其中,完全性生长激素缺乏症（cGHD）27例;非GH缺乏性矮小（NGHD）12例;pGHD23例,按GH激发峰值7ng／ml分为pGHD-1（12例）和pGHD-2（11例）两个亚组。结果cGHD和NGHD初始追赶性生长的幅度相似,但NGHD组持续时间较短。pGHD和cGHD以同一rhGH生理替代量治疗后,促生长的应答（生长速度和AIGFBP-3SDS）pGHD-1和cGHD差异无统计学意义,但pGHD-2却低于cGHD,而与NGHD差异无统计学意义。结论GH激发试验的诊断界值选用7ng／ml有更合理的依据,诊断pGHD时尤应审慎。pGHD-2组治疗早期的生长追赶不完全可能与rhGH剂量相对不足有关。     

注射用重组人生长激素治疗特发性矮小症Ⅲ期临床试验研究

目的 评价注射用重组人生长激素（rhGH）治疗中国青春期前特发性矮小症（ISS）的有效性和安全性。方法 该研究为2016年12月27日至2020年07月30日,招募青春期前ISS患儿开展的一项随机、开放、空白对照、多中心的Ⅲ期临床试验。纳入受试者以3:3:1的比例随机分配至高剂量组、低剂量组和空白对照组,rhGH的给药周期为52周。观察治疗前后实际年龄的身高标准差积分变化（ΔHTSDS）,治疗结束时受试者的年生长速率（HV）和骨成熟情况,同时考察治疗期间药物安全性。结果 共有150例受试者完成了试验。基线时各组受试者的年龄、骨龄、性别、身高、体重、体质指数及HT-SDS、年HV、胰岛素样生长因子1水平差异均无统计学意义（P> 0.05）。全数据集分析（FAS）和符合方案集（PPS）分析均发现,第26、39、52周,高剂量组、低剂量组和对照组之间ΔHT SDS的差异均有统计学意义（P<0.001）;两两比较发现,高剂量和低剂量组的ΔHT SDS均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。FAS分析发现,第13、26、39、52周,高剂量组、低剂量组和对照组之间HV...     

生长激素受体基因异常及多态性与特发性矮小的关系研究进展

随着促生长激素释放激素-生长激素-胰岛素样生长因子(GHRH-GH-IGF-1)轴和基因学研究的深入,生长激素受体基因(GHR基因)的突变及其核苷酸多态性与特发性矮小(ISS)的关系逐渐明了.GHR基因异常多发生在生长激素受体(GHR)蛋白的胞外区,可引起细胞内信号转导障碍,导致GHR蛋白功能及表达部分缺失,生长激素不能完全发挥作用或部分不敏感,从而可能发生ISS; GHR基因单核苷酸多态性(SNP),尤其是外显子Ex3多态性与ISS易感性有关.此外,GHR基因异常及SNP与ISS中IGF-1、生长激素结合蛋白血清水平及重组人生长激素治疗效果密切相关.深入研究ISS中GHR候选基因的筛查、蛋白功能表达及SNP分析,有利于提高ISS的遗传诊断水平,对明确ISS的病因及指导临床治疗具有重要意义.     

重组人生长激素治疗特发性矮小12个月疗效评估

目的 分析重组人生长激素(rhGH)对特发性矮小（ISS）患儿的治疗效果和影响因素,为寻求优化治疗效果的途径提供参考依据。 方法 回顾性分析2003年2月至2011年7月在首都儿科研究所生长发育门诊确诊为ISS患儿的临床资料,依据是否予rhGH治疗分为rhGH组和对照组。以身高标准差变化（ΔHtSDS）和生长速度（GV）作为评估指标进行疗效和影响因素分析。分析治疗期间骨龄、身高年龄及胰岛素样生长因子(IGF-1)水平的变化。 结果 rhGH组35例,对照组33例进入分析。①rhGH组治疗前、治疗后12个月HtSDS呈增长趋势(P<0.05);对照组均未见升高趋势。治疗后0～3个月的ΔHtSDS水平为(0.22±0.13),治疗后~6、~9和~12个月分别为(0.20±0.10)、(0.12±0.14)和(0.14±0.15),呈降低趋势,但差异无统计学意义。治疗后0～3个月GV为(10.78±2.70) cm·year-1,治疗后~6、~9和~12个月分别为(10.52±2.44)、(8.31±2.78)和(8.50±2.29) cm·year-1,呈降低趋势,但差异无统计学意义。治疗后0~6个月ΔHtSDS和GV水平均显著高于～12个月［ΔHtSDS :(0.43±0.20) vs (0.27±0.24), GV: (10.48±2.17) vs (8.48±2.39) cm·year-1］。②治疗后12个月的ΔHtSDS水平与治疗开始时的年龄呈负相关,与治疗后0～3个月的ΔHtSDS呈正相关;治疗后12个月的GV水平与治疗前的GH峰值和治疗后3个月的GV水平呈负相关。③治疗后1年青春期前、青春早中期和青春后期ΔHtSDS差异总体上有统计学意义（P=0.016）,其中青春期前显著高于青春早中期和青春后期;GV差异无统计学意义。④rhGH组治疗后12个月的骨龄变化差异无统计学意义,身高年龄显著高于对照组。⑤rhGH组IGF-1水平在治疗后1个月升高较明显,之后升高趋势减缓。 结论 rhGH用于ISS患儿的治疗应尽量选择青春期前;治疗后3个月的效果可作为第1年治疗效果的预测因素;rhGH治疗不会使ISS患儿骨龄明显提前。     

人生长激素同型异构体比例变化与特发性矮小症的相关性

人生长激素(human growth hormone,hGH)是出生后促进生长的主要激素,生长激素在调节生长的许多方面都起作用,生长激素缺乏会引起生长激素缺乏性矮小(growth hormone deficiency,GHD),但特发性矮小症患儿(idiopathic short stature,ISS)并不存在生长激素(GH)缺乏[1],其发病机制一直是研究的热点,有研究认为hGH同型异构体(humangrowth hormone isoforms,hGHI)比例的变化可能是ISS的发病机制之一[2,3],hGH有多种同型异构体,在垂体、胎盘和外周血中均存在,各种hGHI单体型的22kDa!hGHI含量最丰富,20kDa!hGHI含量次之,它们在结构上有…     

Once versus twice daily injections of growth hormone in children with idiopathic short stature

The aim of this study was to compare the growth response of 22 short pre-pubertal children without growth hormone deficiency, treated with a single daily growth hormone injection (group A), to the growth response of 27 similar children, treated with the same daily dose divided into 2 subcutaneous injections per day (group B), for 1 y, in a randomized study. GH treatment significantly promoted growth parameters, height standard deviation score and height velocity standard deviation score in both groups. Serum insulin-like growth factor I was also increased. There were no significant differences in growth response, serum IGF-I levels, or the advance in bone age between the two study groups after 1 y of GH therapy. We conclude that twice daily s.c. growth hormone injections provide no advantages over once daily injection of the same dose in promoting the linear growth of short children without growth hormone deficiency.     

Preliminary validation of a prediction model for the short-term growth response to growth hormone therapy in children with idiopathic short stature

A discriminant scoring system, using multivariate analysis, has been developed for pretreatment prediction of responsiveness to a 6-month trial of growth hormone (GH) treatment in short children with subnormal growth velocity, but without GH deficiency. Inclusion criteria included a birth weight above 2.5 kg, height below the 3rd centile for chronological age, height velocity below the 25th centile for bone age, no signs of puberty, a maximal GH response to pharmacological stimulation of above 10 μg/l and treatment with GH at a dose of 12–16 IU/m²/week. Children with an increase in height velocity greater than 2.5 cm/year after therapy were considered to be responders. Pretreatment clinical data from 67 patients were employed in a discriminant analysis in order to establish the model. The scoring system developed was as follows: score = -0.4 + 0.92X₁– 0.87X₂, where X₁ is the height velocity SD score (SDS) for chronological age, and X₂ is the bone age SDS for chronological age. This model had a specificity of 96.3% and a sensitivity of 92.5% in predicting the responsiveness to GH. The model has subsequently been applied to a group of 14 patients in order to establish its validity; in this group its sensitivity was 83.3% and its specificity 100%. These preliminary data suggest that the model can be used as a guideline for selecting short, slowly growing, non-GH-deficient children who will respond to short-term GH therapy.     

Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with idiopathic short stature

BACKGROUND: Some investigators have recently described an association between Helicobacter pylori infection and children with short stature. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate children with short stature with different etiologies. METHODS: This study evaluated short patients aged from 1 to 16 years. These patients were divided into a growth hormone deficient short stature group (n = 27) and an idiopathic short stature group (n = 14). A control group included children with normal growth and no abdominal pain (n = 47). Anti-H. pylori antibodies were measured in each group (total of 88). RESULTS: The antibody positivity rates for each group were as follows: growth hormone deficient short stature group, 7.4%; idiopathic short stature group, 28.6%; and control group, 6.4%. The H. pylori antibody positivity rate in the idiopathic short stature group was significantly higher than in the control group. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest an association between H. pylori infection and idiopathic short stature.     

重组人生长激素改善ACAN基因变异致家族性矮小的疗效观察及文献复习

目的观察重组人生长激素(rhGH)改善ACAN基因变异致家族性矮小患者身高的疗效。方法回顾分析2个ACAN基因变异致家族性矮小家系rhGH治疗的临床资料,并检索相关文献进行分析。结果先证者1,男,4岁1个月,身高90.5 cm(-3.6 SD),体质量13.5 kg,无明显骨骼畸形;骨龄示5岁6个月龄;基因检测示ACAN基因c.5026_5027del(p.Ser 1676 Ter)杂合缺失变异;予rhGH,50μg/(kg·d)治疗,第1年身高增加13 cm(103.5 cm,-1.8 SD),至第18个月身高增加17.1 cm(107.6 cm,-1.7 SD)。先证者2,男,3岁,身高82 cm(-3.9 SD),体质量12 kg,无明显骨骼畸形;骨龄示1岁6个月龄;基因检测示ACAN基因c.1504C>T(p.R 502C)杂合错义变异;予rhGH,33μg/(kg·d)治疗,第1年身高增加12 cm(94.0 cm,-2.6 SD),至第22个月身高增加17 cm(99.0 cm,-2.68 SD)。结论ACAN基因c.5026_5027 del杂合缺失变异以及c.1504C>T错义变异可引起家族性矮小;rhGH治疗短期可有效改善ACAN基因致家族性矮小患儿的身高。     

Quality of life of young adults with idiopathic short stature: effect of growth hormone treatment

The aim of the study was to evaluate whether treatment with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) affects the quality of life of young adults who were diagnosed as idiopathic short stature (ISS) during childhood, and whether their quality of life and aspects of the personality are different from normal. Experiences and expectations concerning rhGH treatment of the subjects and their parents were also investigated. Eighty-nine subjects were included into the study: 24 subjects (16M, 8F) were treated with rhGH from childhood, whereas 65 subjects (40M, 25F) were never treated. At the time of the interview all subjects had attained final height [mean (SD) -2.3 (0.9) SDS for Dutch references], and the age of the treated subjects was 20.5 (1.0)y, and 25.7 (3.5)y of the control subjects (p < 0:001). The level of education was similar, but the treated subjects had less often a partner compared to the control subjects (adjusted for age and gender, p < 0:001). The Nottingham Health Profile and Short Form 36 Health Survey showed no difference in general health state between treated and control subjects, and the healthy Dutch age-specific references (norm group). Although 74% of the subjects reported one or more negative events related to their height, and 61% would like to be taller, only 22% and 11% were willing to trade-off at Time Trade-Off and Standard Gamble, respectively. The personality of the subjects, which was measured by the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, was not different from the norm group. The satisfaction with the rhGH treatment was high, as it had caused 12 (8) cm and 13 (7) cm gain in final height according to the subjects and parents, respectively. Based on initial predicted adult height (Bayley & Pinneau), this gain was only 3.3(5.6) cm. We concluded that although the treated subjects had a partner less often when compared to the control subjects, the quality of life of subjects with ISS at adult age is normal and appears not to be affected by rhGH therapy, The treated subjects were very satisfied with the treatment, probably by overestimation of the final height gain.     

Three-year data from a comparative study with recombinant human growth hormone in the treatment of short stature in young children with intrauterine growth retardation

Growth acceleration and bone maturation were studied for 3 y in 69 children with severe short stature and a history of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), to determine the effect of treatment with recombinant human growth hormone (r-hGH). The patients were enrolled in an open, multicentre trial and were randomly allocated to either the treated group (Group 1) or the control group (Group 2). The children in Group 1 were treated daily with 0.2 IU/kg/body weight (0.067 mg/kg) s.c, during 3 y and the children in Group 2 started the study with a 1-y observation period followed by a 3-y treatment period. At birth, their mean weight standard deviation score (SDS) was -2.5 and their mean length SDS -3.5. At baseline, the patients were prepubertal, non-GHdeficient, with no known dysmorphic features. Mean age was 4.5 y, bone age was 3.3 y, height SDS was -3.4, height velocity (HV) SDS was -1.6, and body mass index SDS was -1.4. After 1 y of treatment, linear HV in Group 1 increased in comparison with the pre-treatment period (from 5.7 ± 2.0 to 10.1 ± 1.7cm/y; p < 0:001)and with the firstyear of observation in Group2( p < 0:001). Increased HV was sustained during the second and third year of treatment and was significantly higher than at baseline. A similar growth pattern was seen during the 3y of GH treatment in Group 2. Mean height SDS for chronological age increased by 2.0 ± 0.7 in the two groups after 3 y of treatment. HV after 1 y of treatment was negatively correlated with growth velocity at baseline. Bone age remained retarded but increased with a mean of almost 4 y after 3y of treatment in both groups. Even at a dose that is three times the replacement dose treatment with r-hGH was well tolerated. From these results, we conclude that r-hGH treatment over 3 y can induce sustained catch-up growth in young children with severe short stature and a history of IUGR. Long-term studies are needed to assess ultimate effects on final height.     

儿童特发性矮小临床治疗新进展

特发性矮小是一种在儿童中较常见的身材矮小,其病因及发病机制尚不明了,迄今尚无确切的治疗方案.目前对儿童特发性矮小的临床治疗丰要集中在重组人生长激素(rhGH)、促性腺激素释放激素类似物(GnRHa)和芳香化酶抑制剂(AI).文章就其新研究新进展进行综述.