Glove perforation in elective orthopedic surgery

A survey of glove perforation in 16 orthopedic surgeons during a 6-month period was carried out. During this time, the surgeons performed 304 elective operations. In 1,398 pairs of gloves tested, evidence of perforation was found in 26 percent.     

Glove perforation in elective orthopedic surgery

A survey of glove perforation in 16 orthopedic surgeons during a 6-month period was carried out. During this time, the surgeons performed 304 elective operations. In 1,398 pairs of gloves tested, evidence of perforation was found in 26 percent.     

Incidence and risk factors of perioperative respiratory adverse events in children undergoing elective surgery

BACKGROUND: Adverse respiratory events remain one of the major causes of morbidity during anaesthesia, especially in children. The purpose of this prospective study was to determine the incidence of perioperative respiratory adverse events (PRAE) during elective paediatric surgery and to identify the risk factors for these events. METHODS: Potential risk factors (atopy, eczema, rhinitis, food allergy, previous allergic tests, pollens or animal allergy, passive smoking, obstructive sleep disorders) were assessed using the International Society on Allergy and Asthma (ISAAC) questionnaire, which was submitted to the parents during preoperative anaesthetic assessment. Anaesthetic and surgical conditions were systematically recorded. A multivariate logistic regression explaining PRAE was developed in 800 children. RESULTS: The intraoperative incidence of respiratory adverse events was 21% and the incidence in the postanesthetic care unit was 13%. According to the multivariate analysis, children not anaesthetized by a specialist paediatric anaesthesiologist have 1.7 increased risk to present PRAE (95% CI = 1.13-2.57). Children anaesthetized for ear, nose, throat (ENT) surgery had a 1.57-fold higher risk of PRAE compared with other procedures (95% CI = 1.01-2.44). Furthermore, there was a synergistic interaction when two risk factors: residents and ENT surgery, were concomitant: the odds ratio (OR) of PRAE during non-ENT surgical procedures was 1.43 (95% CI = 0.91-2.24), but increased to 2.74-fold (95% CI = 1.15-4.32) for ENT surgery. The risk of PRAE was significantly lower when the anaesthetic technique included tracheal intubation with relaxants (OR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.45-0.95) and decreased by 8% with each increasing year of age. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates a high incidence of PRAE in paediatric surgical patients without respiratory tract infections, which appears to be primarily determined by the age of the child and the anaesthetic care rather than by the child's medical history.     

Adverse events and adverse event reporting systems

Knowledge about the incidence of errors in anaesthesia and intensive care is only rudimentary but it appears justified to assume that errors occur much more often than we all expect. One reason is most likely the complexity of our work. Errors may alter our patients' health and healing process, imply financial and legal personal and institutional threats and may reduce health workers' performances. The article summarizes several methods to identify errors within a health care system and strengthens the importance of error analysis to reduce its incidence. Results of an analysis should be published if they are of general interest.     

Prophylaxis with cefamandole nafate in elective orthopedic surgery

A prospective, randomized, double-blind study was conducted to determine the efficacy of cefamandole nafate in reducing infections in general orthopedic procedures. Of 743 patients initially entered into the study, 715 (362 on cefamandole, 353 on placebo) fulfilled the requirements of the protocol. The infection rate was 1.6% for the cefamandole-treated group and 4.2% for the placebo group. In operations lasting longer than two hours, there were two infections in the cefamandole group and seven infections in the placebo group (p less than 0.05). Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative bacilli were the common pathogens. Adverse side effects were limited to transient elevations in liver enzymes.     

The Rothman Index as a predictor of postdischarge adverse events after elective spine surgery

Background Context

The Rothman Index (RI) is a comprehensive rating of overall patient condition in the hospital setting. It is used at many medical centers and calculated based on vital signs, laboratory values, and nursing assessments in the electronic medical record. Previous research has demonstrated an association with adverse events, readmission, and mortality in other fields, but it has not been investigated in spine surgery.

Perioperative assessment of the elective orthopedic surgery patient

There are a number of safe and cost-effective therapeutic options for the potential management of all patients without allogeneic blood transfusion. Orthopedic surgeons should consider blood management using these options for all patients to provide them with safe and effective therapy, while minimizing the risks of allogeneic blood and preserving our decreasing blood resources.     

Supporting recovery after adverse events: An essential component of surgeon well-being

BackgroundFailure to recover after a medical error is a major contributor to burnout. The degree to which pediatric surgeons experience errors and the barriers and facilitators to successful recovery are largely unknown.MethodsWe conducted a survey of American Pediatric Surgical Association (APSA) members to measure frequency of personal experience with medical errors resulting in significant patient harm, describe coping mechanisms, and explore surgeon satisfaction with institutional support in the wake of an error.ResultsWe found that 80% of respondents have personally experienced a medical error resulting in significant patient harm or death, and that only about one-quarter were satisfied with the support provided by their institution. Only 11% of surgeons would prefer not to be contacted after an adverse event, and most would want to be contacted by their partners. Barriers to providing and receiving support included lack of knowledge, “shame and blame” culture, and lack of trust in the institution as an ally.ConclusionsPediatric surgeons routinely experience intense and stressful clinical scenarios and face challenging paths to recovery after adverse events. Institutions and national societies can play a critical role in creating infrastructure to help surgeons recover, in order to prevent burnout and promote well-being.     

患者报告结局在药物不良事件报告中的应用进展

药物不良事件的发生可给患者及社会带来沉重负担,患者报告结局是患者对自身健康状态的主观评价。对患者报告结局在药物不良事件报告中的应用工具及系统进行综述,为开展相关研究提供参考。     

Factors affecting nurses' voluntary reporting of adverse events: a literature review

阐述护士主动报告护理不良事件的现状,影响因素包括管理因素、文化因素、个人因素、工作环境因素,并提出构建以人为本的差错管理模式、营造开放的文化安全屏障,规范不良事件的管理文件,拓宽护理部管理职能、激励员工积极上报,倡导人文关怀、缓解护士压力等对策,为今后持续改进不良事件报告制度,构建高效、畅通、完善、人文化的报告系统提供参考.     

老年冠心病患者行骨科手术围术期心脏事件的危险因素

目的 筛选老年冠心病患者行骨科手术围术期主要心脏事件(MACEs)的危险因素.方法 选择行择期中危或高危骨科手术的冠心病患者129例,年龄≥65岁,性别不限.根据术中及术后30 d内是否发生MACEs,将患者分为MACEs组和非MACEs组.记录患者年龄、性别、冠状动脉重建史、心肌梗死史、心力衰竭史、心绞痛史、全身血管病史、脑血管病史、糖尿病史、基础血压、术前血压、术前血常规、肌酐、血糖、心电图、超声心动图、ASA分级、术中输血、手术及麻醉时间、术后是否返ICU及术后引流量.将组间差异有统计学意义的因素进行多因素logistic回归分析,筛选该人群围术期MACEs的危险因素.结果 21例患者发生围术期MACEs,发生率为16.3%.logistic回归分析结果显示:半年内不稳定型心绞痛史、术前红细胞压积≤35%、术前心电图示心律失常及室壁运动异常为老年冠心病患者行骨科手术围术期MACEs的危险因素(P＜0.05),其危险指数分别为5、3、3、4.结论 半年内不稳定型心绞痛史、术前红细胞压积≤35%、术前心电图示心律失常及室壁运动异常是老年冠心病患者行骨科手术围术期MACEs的危险因素.     

Dialysis is an independent risk factor for perioperative adverse events,readmission, reoperation,and mortality for patients undergoing elective spine surgery

Background Context

The prevalence of dialysis-dependent patients in the United States is growing. Prior studies evaluating the risk of perioperative adverse events for dialysis-dependent patients are either institutional cohort studies limited by patient numbers or administrative database studies limited to inpatient data.

护士主动报告护理不良事件影响因素的研究进展

阐述护士主动报告护理不良事件的现状,影响因素包括管理因素、文化因素、个人因素、工作环境因素,并提出构建以人为本的差错管理模式、营造开放的文化安全屏障,规范不良事件的管理文件,拓宽护理部管理职能、激励员工积极上报,倡导人文关怀、缓解护士压力等对策,为今后持续改进不良事件报告制度,构建高效、畅通、完善、人文化的报告系统提供参考。