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Glove perforation in elective orthopedic surgery 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A survey of glove perforation in 16 orthopedic surgeons during a 6-month period was carried out. During this time, the surgeons performed 304 elective operations. In 1,398 pairs of gloves tested, evidence of perforation was found in 26 percent. 相似文献
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A survey of glove perforation in 16 orthopedic surgeons during a 6-month period was carried out. During this time, the surgeons performed 304 elective operations. In 1,398 pairs of gloves tested, evidence of perforation was found in 26 percent. 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: Adverse respiratory events remain one of the major causes of morbidity during anaesthesia, especially in children. The purpose of this prospective study was to determine the incidence of perioperative respiratory adverse events (PRAE) during elective paediatric surgery and to identify the risk factors for these events. METHODS: Potential risk factors (atopy, eczema, rhinitis, food allergy, previous allergic tests, pollens or animal allergy, passive smoking, obstructive sleep disorders) were assessed using the International Society on Allergy and Asthma (ISAAC) questionnaire, which was submitted to the parents during preoperative anaesthetic assessment. Anaesthetic and surgical conditions were systematically recorded. A multivariate logistic regression explaining PRAE was developed in 800 children. RESULTS: The intraoperative incidence of respiratory adverse events was 21% and the incidence in the postanesthetic care unit was 13%. According to the multivariate analysis, children not anaesthetized by a specialist paediatric anaesthesiologist have 1.7 increased risk to present PRAE (95% CI = 1.13-2.57). Children anaesthetized for ear, nose, throat (ENT) surgery had a 1.57-fold higher risk of PRAE compared with other procedures (95% CI = 1.01-2.44). Furthermore, there was a synergistic interaction when two risk factors: residents and ENT surgery, were concomitant: the odds ratio (OR) of PRAE during non-ENT surgical procedures was 1.43 (95% CI = 0.91-2.24), but increased to 2.74-fold (95% CI = 1.15-4.32) for ENT surgery. The risk of PRAE was significantly lower when the anaesthetic technique included tracheal intubation with relaxants (OR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.45-0.95) and decreased by 8% with each increasing year of age. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates a high incidence of PRAE in paediatric surgical patients without respiratory tract infections, which appears to be primarily determined by the age of the child and the anaesthetic care rather than by the child's medical history. 相似文献
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Knowledge about the incidence of errors in anaesthesia and intensive care is only rudimentary but it appears justified to assume that errors occur much more often than we all expect. One reason is most likely the complexity of our work. Errors may alter our patients' health and healing process, imply financial and legal personal and institutional threats and may reduce health workers' performances. The article summarizes several methods to identify errors within a health care system and strengthens the importance of error analysis to reduce its incidence. Results of an analysis should be published if they are of general interest. 相似文献
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M B Henley R E Jones R W Wyatt A Hofmann R L Cohen 《Clinical orthopaedics and related research》1986,(209):249-254
A prospective, randomized, double-blind study was conducted to determine the efficacy of cefamandole nafate in reducing infections in general orthopedic procedures. Of 743 patients initially entered into the study, 715 (362 on cefamandole, 353 on placebo) fulfilled the requirements of the protocol. The infection rate was 1.6% for the cefamandole-treated group and 4.2% for the placebo group. In operations lasting longer than two hours, there were two infections in the cefamandole group and seven infections in the placebo group (p less than 0.05). Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative bacilli were the common pathogens. Adverse side effects were limited to transient elevations in liver enzymes. 相似文献
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Ryan P. McLynn Nathaniel T. Ondeck Jonathan J. Cui David R. Swanson Blake N. Shultz Patawut Bovonratwet Jonathan N. Grauer 《The spine journal》2018,18(7):1149-1156
Background Context
The Rothman Index (RI) is a comprehensive rating of overall patient condition in the hospital setting. It is used at many medical centers and calculated based on vital signs, laboratory values, and nursing assessments in the electronic medical record. Previous research has demonstrated an association with adverse events, readmission, and mortality in other fields, but it has not been investigated in spine surgery.Purpose
The present study aims to determine the potential utility of the RI as a predictor of adverse events after discharge following elective spine surgery.Study Design/Setting
This retrospective cohort study was carried out at a large academic medical center.Patient Sample
A total of 2,687 patients who underwent elective spine surgery between 2013 and 2016 were included in the present study.Outcome Measures
The occurrence of adverse events and readmission after discharge from the hospital, within postoperative day 30, was determined in the present study.Methods
Patient characteristics and 30-day perioperative outcomes were characterized, with events being classified as “major adverse events” or “minor adverse events” using standardized criteria. Rothman Index scores from the hospitalization were analyzed and compared for those who did or did not experience adverse events after discharge. The association of lowest and latest scores on adverse events was determined with multivariate regression, controlling for demographics, comorbidities, surgical procedure, and length of stay.Results
Postdischarge adverse events were experienced by 7.1% of patients. The latest and lowest RI values were significantly inversely correlated with any adverse events, major adverse events, minor adverse events and readmissions after controlling for age, gender, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class, surgical site, and hospital length of stay. Rates of readmission and any adverse event consistently had an inverse correlation with lowest and latest RI scores, with patients at increased risk with lowest score below 65 or latest score below 85.Conclusions
The RI is a tool that can be used to predict postdischarge adverse events after elective spine surgery that adds value to commonly used indices such as patient demographics and ASA. It is found that this can help physicians identify high-risk patients before discharge and should be able to better inform clinical decisions. 相似文献10.
There are a number of safe and cost-effective therapeutic options for the potential management of all patients without allogeneic blood transfusion. Orthopedic surgeons should consider blood management using these options for all patients to provide them with safe and effective therapy, while minimizing the risks of allogeneic blood and preserving our decreasing blood resources. 相似文献
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Loren Berman Kristy L. Rialon Claudia M. Mueller Madelene Ottosen Andrea Weintraub Brian Coakley Mary L. Brandt Kurt Heiss 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2021,56(5):833-838
BackgroundFailure to recover after a medical error is a major contributor to burnout. The degree to which pediatric surgeons experience errors and the barriers and facilitators to successful recovery are largely unknown.MethodsWe conducted a survey of American Pediatric Surgical Association (APSA) members to measure frequency of personal experience with medical errors resulting in significant patient harm, describe coping mechanisms, and explore surgeon satisfaction with institutional support in the wake of an error.ResultsWe found that 80% of respondents have personally experienced a medical error resulting in significant patient harm or death, and that only about one-quarter were satisfied with the support provided by their institution. Only 11% of surgeons would prefer not to be contacted after an adverse event, and most would want to be contacted by their partners. Barriers to providing and receiving support included lack of knowledge, “shame and blame” culture, and lack of trust in the institution as an ally.ConclusionsPediatric surgeons routinely experience intense and stressful clinical scenarios and face challenging paths to recovery after adverse events. Institutions and national societies can play a critical role in creating infrastructure to help surgeons recover, in order to prevent burnout and promote well-being. 相似文献
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阐述护士主动报告护理不良事件的现状,影响因素包括管理因素、文化因素、个人因素、工作环境因素,并提出构建以人为本的差错管理模式、营造开放的文化安全屏障,规范不良事件的管理文件,拓宽护理部管理职能、激励员工积极上报,倡导人文关怀、缓解护士压力等对策,为今后持续改进不良事件报告制度,构建高效、畅通、完善、人文化的报告系统提供参考. 相似文献
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目的 筛选老年冠心病患者行骨科手术围术期主要心脏事件(MACEs)的危险因素.方法 选择行择期中危或高危骨科手术的冠心病患者129例,年龄≥65岁,性别不限.根据术中及术后30 d内是否发生MACEs,将患者分为MACEs组和非MACEs组.记录患者年龄、性别、冠状动脉重建史、心肌梗死史、心力衰竭史、心绞痛史、全身血管病史、脑血管病史、糖尿病史、基础血压、术前血压、术前血常规、肌酐、血糖、心电图、超声心动图、ASA分级、术中输血、手术及麻醉时间、术后是否返ICU及术后引流量.将组间差异有统计学意义的因素进行多因素logistic回归分析,筛选该人群围术期MACEs的危险因素.结果 21例患者发生围术期MACEs,发生率为16.3%.logistic回归分析结果显示:半年内不稳定型心绞痛史、术前红细胞压积≤35%、术前心电图示心律失常及室壁运动异常为老年冠心病患者行骨科手术围术期MACEs的危险因素(P<0.05),其危险指数分别为5、3、3、4.结论 半年内不稳定型心绞痛史、术前红细胞压积≤35%、术前心电图示心律失常及室壁运动异常是老年冠心病患者行骨科手术围术期MACEs的危险因素. 相似文献
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Taylor D. Ottesen Ryan P. McLynn Cheryl K. Zogg Blake N. Shultz Nathaniel T. Ondeck Patawut Bovonratwet Kirthi S. Bellamkonda Lee E. Rubin Jonathan N. Grauer 《The spine journal》2018,18(11):2033-2042
Background Context
The prevalence of dialysis-dependent patients in the United States is growing. Prior studies evaluating the risk of perioperative adverse events for dialysis-dependent patients are either institutional cohort studies limited by patient numbers or administrative database studies limited to inpatient data.Purpose
The present study uses a large, national sample with 30-day follow-up to investigate dialysis as risk factor for perioperative complications independent of patient demographics or comorbidities.Study Design/Setting
This is a retrospective cohort study.Patient Sample
Patients undergoing elective spine surgery with or without dialysis from the 2005–2015 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database were included in the study.Outcome Measures
Postoperative complications within 30 days and binomial reoperation, readmission, and mortality within 30 days were determined.Methods
The 2005–2015 NSQIP databases were queried for adult dialysis-dependent and dialysis-independent patients undergoing elective spinal surgery. Differences in 30-day outcomes were compared using risk-adjusted multivariate regression and coarsened exact matching analysis for adverse events, unplanned readmission, reoperation, and mortality. The percentage of complications occurring before versus after hospital discharge was also assessed. The authors have no financial disclosures related to the present study.Results
A total of 467 dialysis and 173,311 non-dialysis patients met the inclusion criteria. Controlling for age, gender, body mass index, functional status, and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class, dialysis patients were found to be at significantly greater odds of any adverse event (odds ratio [OR]=2.52 before, 2.17 after matching, p=<.001), major adverse event (OR=2.90 before, 2.52 after matching, p=<.001), and minor adverse event (OR=1.50 before matching, p=<.025, but not significantly different after matching). Further, dialysis patients were significantly more likely to return to the operating room (OR=2.77 before, 2.50 after matching, p=<.001), have unplanned readmissions (OR=2.73 before, 2.37 after matching, p=<.001), and die within 30 days (OR=3.77 before, 2.71 after matching, p=<.001). Adverse events occurred after discharge for 51.78% of non-dialysis patients and for 43.80% of dialysis patients.Conclusions
Dialysis patients undergoing elective spine surgery are at significantly higher risk of aggregated adverse outcomes, return to the operating room, readmission, and death than non-dialysis patients, even after controlling for patient demographics and overall health (as indicated by ASA class). These differences need to be considered when determining treatment options. Additionally, with bundled payments expected in spine surgery, physicians and hospitals need to account for increased costs and liabilities when working with dialysis patients. 相似文献19.