HMGB1-RAGE信号通路与子痫前期发病机制关系的初步研究

目的探讨HMGB1-RAGE信号通路相关因子HMGB1、RAGE、NF-κBp65在子痫前期发病机制中的作用。方法选择2017年8月至2018年1月在郑州大学第一附属医院产科分娩的子痫前期孕妇60例,按病情轻重分为子痫前期组(轻度组30例),重度子痫前期组(重度组30例),另选择同期健康孕妇30例为正常对照组。检测各组血清、胎盘中HMGB1、RAGE、NF-κBp65的表达。结果 HMGB1、RAGE、NF-κBp65均表达于绒毛滋养细胞及绒毛外滋养细胞,HMGB1主要表达于胎盘组织滋养细胞的细胞核,RAGE、NF-κBp65主要表达于细胞质和细胞膜,轻度组及重度组的阳性表达率均高于对照组,差别有统计学意义(P 0.05)。轻度组、重度组胎盘组织及外周血中HMGB1 mRNA、RAGE mRNA及相应蛋白的表达均高于对照组(P 0.05)。血清中HMGB1、RAGE蛋白水平与子痫前期孕妇收缩压呈正相关(r=0.389和r=0.550)。结论子痫前期及重度子痫前期患者胎盘及血清中HMGB1、RAGE、NF-κBp65蛋白表达升高,HMGB1-RAGE炎症反应通路可能参与子痫前期的发生与发展。     

重度子痫前期患者胎盘合体滋养细胞凋亡的研究

目的 比较早发型与晚发型重度子痫前期患者胎盘合体滋养细胞凋亡水平变化,探讨其病因及发病机制的差异.方法 选择2008年11月至2009年5月在上海交通大学附属第六人民医院住院剖宫产分娩的早发型重度子痫前期患者15例(早发型组)、晚发型重度子痫前期患者15例(晚发型组)和健康妊娠妇女10例(对照组),采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测孕妇血浆中合体滋养细胞微粒(STBM)水平,蛋白印迹法检测胎盘组织中凋亡蛋白--半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶3(caspase-3)蛋白表达水平.结果 (1)STBM:早发型组孕妇血浆STBM水平为(71±21)μg/L,高于晚发型组的(42±30)μg/L和对照组的(26±11)μg/L,分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);晚发型组血浆STBM水平与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).(2)caspase-3蛋白:早发型组胎盘组织中caspase-3蛋白表达水平为0.85±0.61,晚发型组为0.77±0.46,对照组为0.32±0.15,早发型和晚发型组胎盘组织中caspase-3蛋白表达水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);但早发型组和晚发型组比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 早发型与晚发型重度子痫前期可能存在不同的发病机制,早发型重度子痫前期可能是一种胎盘疾病,而晚发型则可能与母体因素有关.     

胎盘及外周血中STBM与早发型重度子痫前期病因的研究

目的:测定孕妇胎盘组织和血清合体滋养细胞层微绒毛膜(STBM)在重度子痫前期的表达情况,揭示早发型与晚发型重度子痫前期可能具有不同的病因及发病机制.方法:收集在我院治疗的早发型与晚发型重度予痫前期患者各15例,及与两组孕周相匹配正常妊娠孕妇各10例.采用实时荧光定量PCR(Real-time RT-PCR)方法测重度子痫前期患者胎盘中STBM的标记物TPAmRNA水平,另用酶联免疫分析法(ELLSA)测定血清和胎盘中STBM的标记物TPA蛋白表达水平.结果:①早发型组孕妇胎盘STBM的标记物TPA相对含量(2.04±0.32 ng/ml),高于晚发型组(1.75±0.31 ng/ml)(P＜0.05),早发型组胎盘STBM的标记物TPA mRNA含量(0.0342±0.0021)高于晚发组(0.0222±0.0020)(P＜0.05);②早发型组孕妇血清中STBM的标记物TPA水平(1.88±0.43 n#m1)高于晚发型组(1.59±0.26 ng/ml)(p＜0.05).早发型组和晚发型组血清中STBM的标记物TPA水平均高于同期正常孕妇血清中的TPA水平(P均＜0.05).③早发型组孕妇胎盘组织中STBM的标记物TPA水平与血清尿素氮水平、血清肌酐水平、S/D比值之间均呈显著正相关.晚发型组中与血清肌酐水平之间呈显著正相关.④早发型组孕妇血清中STBM的标记物TPA水平与血清肌酐水平、收缩压、舒张压之间均呈显著正相关.晚发型组中与血清肌酐水平、S/D比值、收缩压之间均呈显著正相关.结论:早发型重度子痫前期胎盘的合体滋养细胞凋亡早且严重,早发型与晚发型重度子痫前期可能具有不同的病因及发病机制.     

重度子痫前期患者胎盘组织中Survivin和Caspase-3表达

目的探讨重度子痫前期患者胎盘组织中Survivin和Caspase-3的表达,以及其与早发型重度子痫前期的发生,发展关系。方法采用免疫组织化学染色方法检测20例正常妊娠孕妇(对照组)、40例重度子痫前期患者(重度子痫前期组,其中早发型20例,晚发型20例)的胎盘组织进行Survivin和Caspase-3的定位,并用计算机图像分析系统进行定量分析比较。结果重度子痫前期组与对照组比较,Survivin在胎盘滋养层细胞的细胞浆及部分细胞核中的表达低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),Caspase-3在胎盘滋养层细胞的细胞膜、细胞浆中的表达高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。且两者呈负相关关系(r=-0.84,P=0.0001)。早发型重度子痫前期与晚发型重度子痫前期比较,Survivin显著降低,而Caspase-3表达增加。结论Survivin的表达降低,Caspase-3的表达升高可能与重度子痫前期的发生有关。     

HIF-1α、VEGF及MVD在子痫前期不同发病类型胎盘的表达

目的:探讨缺氧诱导因子1α(HIF-1α)、靶基因血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及微血管密度(MVD)在子痫前期患者胎盘组织的表达及与胎盘血管病变的关系。方法:用链酶菌抗生物素蛋白-过氧化物酶连接(SP)法检测早发型,晚发型重度子痫前期患者和正常妊娠妇女(对照组)胎盘组织中HIF-1α、VEGF的表达,并计数胎盘微血管密度(MVD)值,并进行相关性分析。结果:(1)子痫前期患者胎盘组织中HIF-1α阳性表达率明显高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),早发型、晚发型子痫前期组HIF-1α与正常对照组的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),早发型组HIF-1α阳性表达率高于晚发型组,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)子痫前期患者胎盘组织中VEGF阳性表达率低于正常对照组,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而早发型组VEGF阳性表达率低于晚发型组,差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)正常对照组,晚发型子痫前期组,早发型子痫前期组MVD计数依次递减,子痫前期组与正常对照组比较有统计学差异(P<0.05),早发型组与晚发型组比较有统计学差异(P<0.05);(4)子痫前期组和正常对照组胎盘中HIF-1α表达与VEGF及MVD值的变化呈显著负相关(r=-0.562,P<0.05;r=-0.622,P<0.05),VEGF及MVD值的变化则呈显著正相关(r=0.718,P<0.05)。结论:HIF-1α在子痫前期患者胎盘组织中表达升高,通过下调靶基因VEGF,引起VEGF降低,影响胎盘血管重铸,参与子痫前期的发生和发展。     

葡萄糖调节蛋白78在子痫前期胎盘滋养细胞中的表达及意义

目的:探讨葡萄糖调节蛋白78( GRP78)在子痫前期孕妇胎盘组织中表达及其与子痫前期发病机制的关系.方法:选择2009年1 ～12月在青岛市市立医院及青岛市第八人民医院住院的子痫前期孕妇120例,其中早发型轻度子痫前期孕妇30例(早发轻度组),晚发型轻度子痫前期孕妇30例(晚发轻度组),早发型重度子痫前期孕妇30例(早发重度组),晚发型重度子痫前期孕妇30例(晚发重度组);另选同期健康孕妇30例为健康孕妇组.采用半定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测胎盘组织中GRP78mRNA相对表达量;采用免疫组织化学方法、West-ern-Blotting检测胎盘组织GRP78蛋白的表达.结果:①子痫前期各组胎盘组织中GRP78 mRNA表达水平均高于健康孕妇组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);但子痫前期各组间分别比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).②子痫前期各组和健康孕妇组胎盘组织中都有GRP78蛋白表达,主要表达于细胞质,呈棕黄色染色.Western-Blotting检测结果显示,子痫前期各组胎盘组织中GRP78蛋白表达水平均高于健康孕妇组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);但子痫前期各组间分别比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:GRP78在子痫前期胎盘组织中表达升高,GRP78的表达水平变化可能与子痫前期发病有关.     

子痫前期患者胎盘组织中松弛素受体的表达

目的 探讨子痫前期患者胎盘组织中松弛素受体LGR7表达与子痫前期发病的关系.方法 应用链霉菌抗生物素蛋白-过氧化物酶连接法和RT-PCR技术检测20例正常孕妇(正常组)及26例重度子痫前期孕妇(子痫前期组)胎盘组织中松弛素受体LGR7蛋白及mRNA的表达.结果 (1)两组孕妇的胎盘组织中均有松弛素受体LGR7表达,主要定位于胎盘绒毛滋养细胞的细胞膜上,在细胞滋养细胞、合体滋养细胞中都有较高的表达水平.(2)正常组胎盘组织中松弛素受体LGR7蛋白的表达水平为0.912±0.003,子痫前期组为0.625±0.037,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).(3)正常组胎盘组织中松弛素受体LGR7 mRNA表达水平为0.776±0.021,子痫前期组为0.393±0.075,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 子痫前期患者胎盘组织中松弛素受体表达水平下降,可能与子痫前期的发病有关.     

妊娠期高血压疾病妊娠相关蛋白A与胎盘病理改变的关系

目的探讨妊娠中期妊娠相关蛋白A(PAPP-A)在预测妊娠期高血压疾病中的作用及其与胎盘病理改变的关系。方法 2008年1月至2009年12月在中山大学附属中山市人民医院对妊娠12~16周产科门诊建册并规律产检的正常单胎孕妇2025例进行研究,首次就诊时抽取肘静脉血,应用酶联免疫法检测其血清中的PAPP-A,并追踪这些孕妇的妊娠发展及分娩情况。对于发生妊娠期高血压疾病、早发型子痫前期和晚发型子痫前期者产时收集其胎盘组织,用HE染色后观察胎盘绒毛滋养细胞、合体滋养细胞结节增生情况及绒毛间质纤维化和绒毛血管病变情况。并随机抽取正常孕妇胎盘组织进行病理检查对比。结果纳入研究的孕妇2025例,剔除不符合要求病例后,共1862例孕妇中,妊娠期高血压疾病88例,需34周前终止妊娠的早发型子痫前期34例,34周后终止妊娠的晚发型子痫前期53例,正常孕妇1687例。早发型子痫前期组外周血PAPP-A水平比对照组低,P<0.05;妊娠期高血压疾病组、晚发型子痫前期组血清PAPP-A与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。妊娠期高血压疾病组、早发型子痫前期组及晚发型子痫前期组胎盘病理改变率与对照组比较,总病理改变率3组与对照...     

胎盘内质网应激相关分子伴侣ERdj1与子痫前期发病的关系

目的:探讨胎盘组织中内质网应激相关分子伴侣ERdj1的mRNA及蛋白的表达,及其与子痫前期发病的关系.方法:收集剖宫产分娩36例孕妇的胎盘,其中正常足月妊娠妇女12例(正常对照组),轻度子痫前期患者12例(轻度子痫前期组),重度子痫前期患者12例(重度子痫前期组).应用透射电镜扫描观察子痫前期胎盘组织中滋养细胞内质网超微结构改变,通过RT-PCR技术检测胎盘组织中ERdj1 mRNA的表达,蛋白印迹法检测胎盘组织中ERdjl蛋白的表达.结果:①正常对照组胎盘滋养细胞中内质网体积无明显增大,内质网无肿胀;子痫前期组胎盘滋养细胞中内质网体积增大、扩张及液泡化.②轻、重度子痫前期组ERdj1 mRNA的表达水平(2.1327±0.4855,2.3064±0.1004)显著高于正常对照组(0.2809±0.0064),差异有高度统计学意义(P＜0.01);重度子痫前期组与轻度子痫前期组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).③轻、重度子痫前期组ERdj1蛋白表达水平(3.8412±0.8423,4.9421±0.9810)显著高于正常对照组(1.5678±0.2315),差异有高度统计学意义(P＜0.01);重度子痫前期组与轻度子痫前期组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:子痫前期胎盘滋养细胞内质网有明显扩张及肿胀性改变;内质网应激相关分子伴侣ERdj1参与了子痫前期的病理生理过程,可能是子痫前期发病的重要机制之一.     

人白细胞抗原-G mRNA各亚型在重度子(癎)前期胎盘组织中的表达

目的　探讨人白细胞抗原-G(human leukocyte antigen-G,HLA-G)各亚型在早发型、晚发型重度子(癎)前期患者以及正常妊娠产妇胎盘组织中表达的差异. 方法　使用巢式RT-PCR方法检测11例早发型重度子(癎)前期患者、14例晚发型重度子(癎)前期患者以及8例正常分娩产妇胎盘组织中HLA-G各亚型mRNA表达的差异情况. 结果 与正常对照组相比,HLA-G1亚型在早发型和晚发型重度子(癎)前期患者的胎盘组织中表达明显减少(中位数:早发型组1.37,P<0.05;晚发型组24.90,P<0.05;正常对照组46.67,P<0.05).HLA-G2亚型在晚发型重度子(癎)前期患者的胎盘组织中表达水平较高(中位数:早发型组0;晚发型组21.59,P<0.05;正常对照组5.39).HLA-G5亚型在早发型以及晚发型重度子(癎)前期患者的胎盘组织中表达水平增高(中位数:早发型组19.23;晚发型组3.65;正常对照组1.33). 结论 HLA-G膜结合型亚型mRNA在胎盘组织中表达减少以及HLA-G可溶性亚型mRNA在胎盘组织中表达的增高,可能在子(癎)前期的发病机制中起到一定的作用.     

VEGF,PIGF and HIF-1α in placentas of early- and late-onset pre-eclamptic patients

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the VEGF, PIGF, and HIF-1α levels in the placentas of early- and late-onset pre-eclamptic patients, which are thought to be important in pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia.

Material and method: Pre-eclamptic early-onset (n?=?22) and late-onset (n?=?24) pregnant women and a control group of healthy pregnant women (n?=?22) were recruited for this case–control study. A semi-quantitative immunohistochemical analysis of VEGF, PIGF and HIF-1α was performed in cross-sections of the placentas of the subjects, after which results were compared.

Results: Levels of VEGF and PIGF in the placentas of pre-eclamptic patients were found to be lower than the levels in the placentas of healthy pregnant women (p?<?0.001 and p?=?0.025, respectively), whereas the levels of HIF-1α were found significantly higher (p?<?0.001). No difference was observed in terms of VEGF, PIGF and HIF-1α in a comparison of the early- and late-onset pre-eclampsia groups (p?>?0.05).

Conclusion: The results of the study indicated that there is no relationship between the time of onset of pre-eclampsia and the placental changes that occur in these factors.     

Comparison of angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors in maternal and umbilical cord blood in early- and late-onset pre-eclampsia

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare maternal and umbilical cord serum levels of the angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors in early- and late-onset pre-eclamptic pregnancies as well as in normal pregnancies, which might have significant importance in the etiology of pre-eclampsia. Materials and Methods: This prospective case-control study was carried out with pre-eclamptic (early-onset, ≤?34 weeks and late-onset, >34 weeks) and normal pregnant women. VEGF, PIGF, sFlt-1 and sEng levels in maternal and umbilical cord serum were measured before delivery and the findings were compared. Results: The study was conducted with 15 early- and 15 late-onset pre-eclampsia patients, and 17 patients with normal pregnancies. It was found that sEng levels were higher in the umbilical cord serum in the early-onset and in the maternal serum in the late-onset pre-eclampsia group than the control group (p < 0.05). No significant difference in any factor was observed between the early- and late-onset pre-eclampsia groups. Conclusion: In this study, the results showed that angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factor levels in maternal serum and umbilical cord serum may not be related to the time of onset of pre-eclampsia.     

人白细胞抗原G1及G5在重度子痫前期患者胎盘组织中的表达

目的 探讨重度子痫前期(sPE)患者胎盘组织中人白细胞抗原(HLA)G1及G5表达的变化.方法 选取早发型及晚发型sPE患者各10例、早产及正常足月妊娠产妇各10例,通过蛋白印迹法及免疫组化方法检测胎盘组织中HLA-G1及G5蛋白的表达.结果 与早产产妇相比,HLA-G1蛋白在早发型sPE患者的胎盘组织中表达量明显减少,分别为2.9±1.1、2.4±0.6,两者比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);与正常足月妊娠产妇相比,晚发型sPE患者的胎盘组织中HLA-G1蛋白的表 达量明显减少,分别为4.2±2.4、3.5±2.1,两者比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).与正常足月妊娠产妇相比,HLA-G5蛋白在晚发型sPE患者的胎盘组织中表达量增加,分别为1.1±0.9、1.8±1.1,两者比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);与早产产妇相比,HLA-G5蛋白在早发型sPE患者胎盘组织中的表达量无明显变化(分别为1.4±0.7、1.6±0.9,P＞0.05).HLA-G1蛋白在早产产妇胎盘组织中的表达量较正常足月妊娠者减少(P＜0.05);HLA-G5蛋白在早产及正常足月妊娠产妇胎盘组织中的表达量无明显差异(P＞0.05).HLA-G1及G5蛋白主要在胎盘的绒毛外细胞滋养细胞中有表达,在血管周围及胚外中胚层中也有高表达.结论(1)HLA-G1在早发型及晚发型sPE患者胎盘组织中的表达均减少.(2)HLA-G5在早发型及晚发型sPE患者胎盘组织中的表达均增加,这一增加趋势在晚发型sPE患者中更为明显.(3)在妊娠晚期,HLA-G1在早产产妇胎盘组织中的表达较少.(4)胎盘组织中能够检测到HLA-G1及G5的表达,其主要位于胎盘的绒毛外细胞滋养细胞中.     

Plasma adiponectin concentrations and placental adiponectin expression in pre-eclamptic women.

This study was conducted to compare maternal plasma adiponectin concentrations and adiponectin expression in term placentas between normotensive pregnant women and pre-eclamptic women. Plasma adiponectin concentrations were assessed by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 81 normotensive pregnant women, 27 pre-eclamptic women and 15 non-pregnant healthy women. The expression of adiponectin in the placentas was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Plasma adiponectin concentrations in normotensive pregnant women did not show a significant change during pregnancy and postpartum compared with non-pregnant women. However, plasma adiponectin concentrations in pre-eclamptic women were significantly (p < 0.05) lower than in non-pregnant and normotensive pregnant women. No immunoreactive adiponectin was detected in the term placentas of normotensive pregnant women, whereas a positive immunostaining for adiponectin was observed in endothelial cells of chorionic vessels in pre-eclamptic women. Our data suggest that decreased plasma adiponectin concentrations may contribute to the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia and that adiponectin localized in chorionic vessels may play a role in the restoring of endothelial damage in the feto-maternal units of pre-eclampsia.     

Plasma adiponectin concentrations and placental adiponectin expression in pre-eclamptic women

This study was conducted to compare maternal plasma adiponectin concentrations and adiponectin expression in term placentas between normotensive pregnant women and pre-eclamptic women. Plasma adiponectin concentrations were assessed by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 81 normotensive pregnant women, 27 pre-eclamptic women and 15 non-pregnant healthy women. The expression of adiponectin in the placentas was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Plasma adiponectin concentrations in normotensive pregnant women did not show a significant change during pregnancy and postpartum compared with non-pregnant women. However, plasma adiponectin concentrations in pre-eclamptic women were significantly (p < 0.05) lower than in non-pregnant and normotensive pregnant women. No immunoreactive adiponectin was detected in the term placentas of normotensive pregnant women, whereas a positive immunostaining for adiponectin was observed in endothelial cells of chorionic vessels in pre-eclamptic women. Our data suggest that decreased plasma adiponectin concentrations may contribute to the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia and that adiponectin localized in chorionic vessels may play a role in the restoring of endothelial damage in the feto-maternal units of pre-eclampsia.     

Altered placental syncytin and its receptor ASCT2 expression in placental development and pre-eclampsia

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the alterations of syncytin, a fusogenic membrane protein involved in syncytiotrophoblastic layer formation, and its receptor ASCT2 expression in placental development and pre-eclampsia. DESIGN: Analyses of syncytin and ASCT2 expression in placentas from different stages of pregnancy and women with pre-eclampsia and in cytotrophoblasts cultured in normoxic and hypoxic conditions. SETTING: Placental samples were collected from a tertiary medical centre. POPULATION: Sixteen women with pre-eclampsia and 58 pregnant women presented as pregnancy (5-19 weeks of gestation) for elective termination, preterm birth, or normal term delivery. METHODS: The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to study the syncytin and ASCT2 expression during placental development in 35 placentas from women without pre-eclampsia (ranged from 5 to 40 weeks of gestation) and the alterations of pre-eclamptic placentas (n=16) compared with gestational-age-matched controls (n=16). Western blot analysis was performed to study the protein level of syncytin in pre-eclamptic placentas and gestational-age-matched controls. The hypoxic effect on trophoblastic syncytin and ASCT2 expression was further studied in cytotrophoblasts cultured in 2% oxygen (n= 7). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Syncytin and ASCT2 messenger RNA (mRNA) in placental tissue and cytotrophoblasts. RESULTS: The level of syncytin mRNA expression increased significantly since the first trimester of pregnancy until 37 weeks of gestation, when the level of syncytin expression was reduced. The ASCT2 mRNA expression was decreased significantly since the second trimester and was relatively stable since then to 40 weeks of gestation. Furthermore, a significant reduction in syncytin mRNA expression was observed in pre-eclamptic placentas and cytotrophoblasts cultured in hypoxia, but not a reduction in ASCT2 mRNA expression. Correlatively, the protein level of syncytin was decreased in pre-eclamptic placentas. CONCLUSIONS: A reduced placental expression of syncytin but not ASCT2 may contribute to altered cytotrophoblastic cell fusion processes and disturbed placental function in pre-eclampsia. Correspondingly, hypoxia decreases syncytin but not ASCT2 gene expression in cultured cytotrophoblasts.     

HMGB1-RAGE signaling pathway in pPROM

Objective

Increased inflammation of the placenta is considered as a risk factor and a promoter of preterm premature rupture of the membranes (pPROM). High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a recently identified inflammatory cytokine, and HMGB1-RAGE signaling pathway has been associated with many pathophysiological processes. This study aims to reveal the mechanisms of HMGB1-RAGE signaling pathway in pPROM.

Maternal serum apelin and YKL-40 levels in early and late-onset pre-eclampsia

Objective: The aim of the present study is to investigate whether alterations in the serum levels of apelin and YKL-40 differ between early and late onset pre-eclampsia and whether there is a correlation between apelin and YKL-40 in women who subsequently develop early and late pre-eclampsia. Materials and methods: A total number of 80 pregnant women, 40 with normal pregnancy and 40 with pre-eclampsia, were included in the present study. Both the normal pregnant and pre-eclamptic subjects were subdivided into two groups. Serum YKL-40 and apelin concentrations were measured. Results: Mean maternal serum YKL-40 levels were both lower in women who subsequently developed early (87.45?±?3.07 versus 103.40?±?4.29) or late (96.43?±?4.06 versus 99.87?±?3.63) pre-eclampsia than those who remained normotensive. The difference was significant in early-onset preeclamptic women (p?p?>?0.05). Mean maternal serum apelin levels were both higher in women who subsequently developed early (8.6?±?3.6 versus 5.7?±?1.2) or late (9.6?±?2.5 versus 8.1?±?1.8) pre-eclampsia than those who remained normotensive. The difference was significant in early-onset preeclamptic women (p?p?>?0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between serum apelin and YKL-40 levels (r?=??0.48, p?=?0.001). Conclusion: Circulating levels of apelin are significantly increased in early-onset pre-eclampsia, indicating the role of apelin in the discrimination of the early-onset of pre-eclampsia. On the other hand, maternal serum YKL-40 levels are not elavated significantly, indicating that adipose-derived apelin is primarily involved in the vascular pathogenesis of early-onset pre-eclampsia than macrophage-derived YKL-40.     

跨膜型血管内皮生长因子受体1在子痫前期患者胎盘组织中的表达及其意义

目的研究跨膜型血管内皮生长因子受体1(Flt-1)在子痫前期患者胎盘组织中的表达变化及其意义。方法采用RT-PCR方法检测20例子痫前期患者(观察组)胎盘组织中Flt-1mRNA的相对表达量[以Flt-1与β肌动蛋白(β-actin)电泳条带吸光度(A)值的比值表示],并以20例正常孕妇(对照组)为对照;采用蛋白印迹(westernblot)法检测和比较两组各18例胎盘组织中Flt-1的蛋白相对表达量[其余4例标本因蛋白提取不理想而废弃,以Flt-1与磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(GAPDH)电泳条带A值的比值表示]。结果两组孕妇胎盘组织中均有Flt-1的表达,观察组孕妇胎盘组织Flt-1mRNA相对表达量为2·25±0·19,对照组为1·23±0·29,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0·05);观察组孕妇胎盘组织Flt-1蛋白相对表达量为2·67±1·19,对照组为0·94±0·51,两组比较,差异也有统计学意义(P<0·05)。结论Flt-1可能参与了子痫前期的病理生理过程。     

Placental growth factor,vascular endothelial growth factor,and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in the placentas of women with pre-eclampsia

Background: Although the exact mechanism of pre-eclampsia – high blood pressure and proteinuria after 20 gestational weeks – is not yet fully understood, placental growth factor (PLGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) are known to play important roles in vascularization and in the pathology of pre-eclampsia.

Methods: PLGF, VEGF, and HIF-1α were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in the placentas of Sudanese women with mild or severe pre-eclampsia, and in normal controls.

Results: Sixty-two women had severe pre-eclampsia, 102 had mild pre-eclampsia and 101 women served as healthy controls. Immunohistochemical staining of PLGF was significantly lower in placentas of women with severe pre-eclampsia (16%) compared with those with mild pre-eclampsia (8.8%) and placentas of normotensive women (40.6%; p?p?=?.020) of the placentas of women with severe or mild pre-eclampsia and in controls, respectively. Significantly more of the pre-eclamptic placentas expressed HIF-1α: in 15%, 10.8%, and 5.0% of the placentas of women with severe or mild pre-eclampsia, and in controls, respectively (p?=?.044).

Conclusion: The current study showed that PLGF, VEGF, and HIF-1α are involved in the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia.