慢性丙型肝炎患者基因分型与病毒载量、肝功能、抗体检测结果的相关性分析

目的 分析慢性丙型肝炎患者丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)基因型分布概况,并探讨其与性别、年龄、病毒载量、肝功能、抗体检测结果的关系,为慢性丙型肝炎的诊疗提供实验室依据。方法 通过回顾性研究,收集2020年1月至2021年12月就诊于首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院未经过治疗的247例慢性丙型肝炎患者一般临床资料、基因分型、丙型肝炎病毒核酸定量结果、肝酶[丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、总胆红素(TBIL)、直接胆红素(DBIL)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、γ-谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)、白蛋白(ALB)]及丙型肝炎病毒抗体S/CO值,比较分析HCV不同基因型病毒载量、肝功能及丙型肝炎病毒抗体检测结果的差异。结果 在247例慢性丙型肝炎患者中,1b型143例(57.9%)、2a型71例(28.7%)、3a型19例(7.7%)、3b型14例(5.7%),不同基因型性别、年龄、病毒载量、TBIL、DBIL、ALP、ALB差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),3a型、3b型ALT、AST水平显著高于1b型、2a型(P<0.05),3a型GGT水平显著高于1b型、2a型(P<...     

282例HBV感染无症状表面抗原阳性者血清ALT与乙肝前S1抗原的检测

目的了解乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染无症状表面抗原阳性者血清ALT和乙肝前S1抗原的状况。方法用ELISA法检测血清标志物（HBsAg、抗HBs、HBeAg、抗HBe、抗HBc）和乙肝前S1抗原,用日立7060全自动生化分析仪检测血清ALT。结果 282例无症状表面抗原阳性者,乙肝前S1抗原总检出率为37.6%;ALT升高87例,占总人数的30.8%;ALT升高的87例患者中前S1抗原检出率为67.8%;ALT正常的195例患者中前S1抗原检出率为24.1%,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。在282例无症状表面抗原阳性者中,HBeAg阳性组,乙肝前S1抗原检出率为73.9%,ALT异常阳性率为52.2%;HBeAg阴性组,乙肝前S1抗原检出率为31.0%,ALT异常阳性率为25.6%,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论乙肝病毒携带者不能完全排除ALT正常情况下的病毒复制;血清中出现HBeAb并不一定表示HBV复制停止。因此,对于无症状表面抗原阳性者应进行定期复查,监测其乙肝血清标志物、ALT和前S1抗原。     

慢性乙型肝炎患者血清黏附分子和肝功能关系的研究

<正>目的:研究慢性乙型肝炎患者血清黏附分子和肝功能的关系,探索黏附分子对慢性乙肝发病的作用。方法:选用180例慢性乙型肝炎患者,清晨空腹采取肘静脉血,分离血清,采用ELISA检测血清中循环黏附分子sICAM-1和sVCAM-1水平,同时检测血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)等     

乙型肝炎病毒前S1抗原检测及其临床意义

为探讨检测乙型肝炎病毒前S1抗原(Pre-S1Ag)的临床意义,本文对338例各型乙型肝炎患者进行Pre-S1Ag检测,同时检测HBV标志物和HBV-DNA,对其阳性率及相互关系进行分析比较.结果表明:338例患者,Pre-S1Ag阳性检测率为63.02%,HBeAg阳性检测率为48.52%,HBV-DNA阳性检测率为68.05%.Pre-S1Ag阳性与HBV-DNA阳性的符合率为78.56%;Pre-S1Ag与HBeAg阳性的符合率为81.17%;Pre-S1Ag与HBeAg、HBV-DNA具有显著相关性(P＜0.01),提示Pre-S1Ag能够较好地反映病毒复制状况,有可能作为体内病毒复制存在的实验室指标.     

乙肝不同血清模式及乙肝DNA定量与前S1抗原联合检测的临床意义

目的 探讨乙型肝炎患者不同的血清学模式、乙肝病毒DNA(HBV-DNA)与乙肝前S1抗原(Pre-S1 Ag)联合检测的临床意义.方法 采用化学免疫发光法(CLIA)定量筛选339例乙肝血清标志物阳性血清,采用荧光定量聚合酶链反应法(FQ-PCR)检测HBV-DNA,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测Pre-S1 Ag.结果 乙肝不同血清模式下,HBV-DNA与Pre-S1 Ag检测结果比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).HBsAg、HBeAg、抗-HBc阳性组HBV-DNA检出率93.1％,Pre-S1Ag检出率86.1％.HBsAg、HBeAb、抗-HBc阳性组HBV-DNA检出率45.9％,Pre-S1 Ag检出率69.2％.HBsAg、抗-HBc阳性组HBV-DNA检出率61.0％,Pre-S1 Ag检出率72.9％.HBsAg、HBeAg阳性组HBV-DNA及Pre-S1 Ag检出率均为100％.以HBeAg阳性为对照HBV-DNA及Pre-S1 Ag检出率分别为87.3％和93.7％.HBV-DNA与Pre-S1 Ag检测结果比较差异有统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 乙肝五项、HBV-DNA、Pre-S1Ag联合检测能够对乙肝病毒的感染、复制程度做出准确的判断,为临床治疗方案的选择和疗效的观察提供可靠的依据.     

HBV感染者血清AST/ALT比值及HBV血清标志物联合检测的辅助诊断价值研究

为检测HBV感染者在疾病不同阶段血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、AST/ALT比值及HBV血清标志物水平,探讨它们之间的相互关系,采用速率法、ELISA法分别检测收集的296例HBV感染者和99名健康体检者的血清ALT、AST水平及HBV血清标志物,并计算其对应的AST/ALT比值.结果显...     

多项生化指标监测对慢性丙型肝炎感染者的临床价值探究

目的 观察研究多项指标检测对慢性丙型肝炎感染者的临床应用价值.方法 选取近年在本院就诊的慢性丙型肝炎感染患者100例作为临床研究对象,回顾分析其临床资料,观察患者在过去2年内的生化指标中的血清丙型肝炎病毒抗体(抗-HCV)、天门冬氨基转移酶(AST)、胆碱酯醇(CHE)以及丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)等多项指标的变化情况.结果 将入选患者根据血清病毒载量的高低分为高复制组(B组)80例和低复制组(A组)20例,其中B组的AST以及ALT水平高于A组,CHE指标水平低于A组,在治疗后,两组患者的ALT以及AST均有所改善(P＜0.05),差异具有统计学意义;各阶段血清HCVRNA阳性率较治疗前均有所降低,而抗-HCV阳性率无明显变化.结论 慢性丙型肝炎患者需要定期检查抗-HCV是否为阳性,并根据患者病情及时观察HCV-RNA指标的变化,该值若持续上升,则提示患者的肝功能损伤程度有增加趋势.     

乙型肝炎病毒前S1抗原检测的临床意义

探讨乙型肝炎病毒前s1抗原（Pre-S1）检测在乙型肝炎病毒诊断中的临床意义。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）和荧光定量聚合酶链反应技术（fluorescenee quantitative PCR,FQ-PCR）对650份HBV-M不同阳性模式及40份HBV—M全阴性模式血清标本进行乙型肝炎病毒Pre-S1、乙肝五项和HBV—DNA检测,并对三种检测结果进行统计学分析。在650份HBV—M不同阳性模式标本中,在119份大三阳标本中Pre—S1阳性检出率92．4％,HBV-DNA阳性检出率100％,在186份小三阳标本中Pre—SI阳性检出率42．5％,HBV—DNA阳性检出率63．4％,在21例HBsAg（＋）和HBcAb（＋）阳性组中Pres1阳性检出率47．6％,HBV．DNA阳性检出率66．7％;在297例HBsAb（＋）标本中Pre—S1阳性检出率0．4％,HBV-DNA阳性检出率0％,在268例HBV—DNA阳性的标本中Pre-S1阳性检出率79．3％。在40份HBV—M全阴模式中Pre-S1阳性检出率0％,HBV-DNA阳性检出率0％。Pre—S1在大三阳、小三阳及HBV-DNA阳性组阳性检出率明显高于阴性组（P〈0．01）,Pre—S1检测可补充和完善乙肝“两对半”检测的不足,尤其对HBeAg阴性或变异的HBV感染者能更好的反映病毒的复制状态和传染性。     

常州地区丙型肝炎病毒基因分型及临床分析

目的:了解常州地区丙型肝炎病毒基因型分布、病毒复制与肝功能损害的关系。方法:对150例丙型肝炎病毒抗体检测为阳性的患者,采用荧光定量聚合酶链反应技术检测血清丙型肝炎病毒核糖核酸(HCVRNA)水平,并检测丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)等肝功能相关指标,HCV基因分型采用基因芯片法。结果:150例患者中,HCV RNA阳性患者130例(>1×103IU/ml),HCV RNA阴性患者20例(<1×103IU/ml)。经相关性检验,HCV RNA阳性患者血清ALT、AST水平与HCV RNA含量表明无显著的相关性(P>0.05),HCV RNA阳性患者血清ALT和AST指标明显高于HCV RNA阴性患者(P<0.05)。对其中54例HCV RNA阳性标本进行HCV基因分型,1型有46例(85.19%),非1型8例(14.81%)。1型与非1型相比较,两组的血清ALT和AST水平没有明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:常州地区丙型肝炎病毒感染以1型病毒为主;持续的丙型肝炎病毒复制与肝功能损害密切相关;病毒载量与肝功能检测对丙型肝炎的治疗有重要意义。     

广州市从业人员HBV及ALT检测结果分析

目的了解广州市从业人员乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）及丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）的检测情况,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法对2009年在广州市疾病预防控制中心健康体检的从业人员的血清标本进行乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原（HBsAg）、乙型肝炎病毒e抗原（HBeAg）、ALT检测。结果从业人员的HBsAg阳性率为4.51%（10368/229738）,HBeAg阳性率为1.30%（2998/229738）,ALT异常率为0.92%（2125/229738）;30～岁组HBsAg阳性率最高（5.15%）,〈30岁组HBeAg阳性率最高（1.61%）;不同年龄组间的HBsAg和HBeAg阳性率比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.001）;男性的HBsAg、HBeAg阳性率及ALT异常率比女性高,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.001）。结论广州市从业人员HBV感染状况较我国一般人群携带率低,实行预防性健康体检、健康教育和疫苗接种等措施可逐步降低HBV感染。     

Topical organization of the projections of neurons of the substantia nigra and the ventral field of the tegmentum of the midbrain to the head of the caudate nucleus of the cat

Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology -     

Asymmetry of the internal connections of the striate cortex of the cat in the projection zone of the center of the field of vision

Studies were carried out on the organization of the internal connections of the striate cortex in cats in the projection zone of the center (0–5°) of the field of vision by microintophoretic application of horseradish peroxidase to electrophysiologically identified orientational columns. The area containing neurons showing retrograde labeling in most cases extended in the mediolateral direction. Labeled cells were located in the upper (II, III) and lower (V, VI) layers of the cortex, and the shapes and orientations of the areas containing labeled neurons in these layers coincided. Spatial asymmetry was detected in the distribution of labeled neurons relative to the orientational column studied. Labeled cells were located predominantly medial to the columns, regardless of the distance from the projection of the area centralis. Considering the visuotopical map of field 17, the asymmetry detected here provides evidence that neurons in orientational columns have more extensive connections with neurons of the peripheral part of the cortex. An asymmetrical distribution of “silent” zones around the receptive fields of neurons in orientational columns is suggested, and that these appear to receive influences from the periphery of the visual field. Laboratory of Visual Physiology and Laboratory of Central Nervous System Morphology, I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Makarov Bank, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia. Translated from Fiziologicheskii Zhurnal imeni I. M. Sechenova, Vol. 82, No. 12, pp. 23–29, December, 1996.     

Characteristics of the topographic interrelation of the head of the pancreas and the duodenum and pathology of the organs of the pancreatoduodenal area

Seventy pancreatoduodenal complexes of 55 patients with chronic pancreatitis and tumours of this zone and 15 patients died from other diseases are studies histotopographically . The pieces of the pancreatic head tissue in the medial wall of the duodenum were found in 12 cases of the first group and in 4 control cases. The pancreatic tissue consisted either of all elements of this organ or cystically dilated ducts and seemed to infiltrate different layers of the duodenum wall. Three variants of the pancreatic head structure are suggested on the basis of anatomo-topographical interrelationships of the pancreatic head and duodenum. In 12 out of 14 cases chronic pancreatitis and carcinoma of organs of this zone were combined with the variants of the pancreatic head structure, in 2 cases there was a true heterotopy . Pathogenetic significance of these variants for the development of chronic pancreatitis is discussed.     

Influence of the level of the transmembrane potential on the dynamics of the extinction of the amplitude of the synaptic reactions of the snail under voltage clamping conditions

The influence of the level of the transmembrane potential on the dynamics of the extinction of the amplitudes of summary excitatory postsynaptic currents arising in identified giant parietal neurons in response to rhythmic stimulation of the intestinal nerve was investigated in a preparation of the isolated CNS of the common snail in order to identify the possibility of the participation of the postsynaptic element in synaptic plasticity. It was demonstrated that, at a greater value of the transmembrane potential, the decrease in the amplitudes of the postsynaptic currents which have been induced by rhythmic stimulation takes place more rapidly. It was also demonstrated that at a higher frequency of stimulation of the nerve, the effect of the influence of the membrane potential level on the dynamics of the synaptic reactions is more prominent. The data obtained may be regarded as an argument in favor of the possibility of the participation of the post-synapse in plasticity. This study was partially supported by the Russian Basic Research Fund (project No. 94-04-12209). Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Translated from Zhurnal Vysshei Nervnoi Deyatel'nosti imeni I. P. Pavlova, Vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 171–179, January–February, 1995.     

Effects of the lesion of the postcommissural part of the septum on the behavior of the rat.

The effects of the lesion of the postcommissural part of the septum on behavior of the rat has been studied. Results may be summarized as follows. An increase in the exploratory behavior in the open field which decreases rapidly; a decrease in the number of defecations in this test and a decrease in time leaving a dark environment for exploration. In the shuttle box test, no facilitation of the acquisition, but a permanent and quite significant increase in the intertrial activity has been found. We conclude that the lesions tend to decrease the emotivity of the subjects. An interpretation on the basis of the species -- specific defensive reactions explains the transitory and permanent effects of the lesions on the spontaneous activity.     

Effect of the conditions of adaptation of the optic analyzer to the function of the thermoreceptors of the human skin

Summary A discussion is presented of the effect produced by light stimulation applied to the optic analyzer alone on the function of the temperature analyzer. The cutaneous-temperature analyzer was kept on constant illumination and temperature. The light effects from the retinal photoreceptors on the cutaneous thermoceptor system led to reflex changes of the functional rate of the latter. Conditions of the optic analyzer of light adaptation caused reflex adjustment of cold receptors as to heating. Dark adaptation of the eyes changed the functional state of the cold receptors, corresponding to their adjustment to low temperatures.(Presented by Active Member AMN SSSR V. V. Parin) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 57, No. 3, pp. 3–6, March, 1964