鼻咽癌初治患者调强放射治疗远期疗效及预后影响因素

目的探讨鼻咽癌初治患者调强放射治疗(IMRT)的远期疗效及预后影响因素。方法选取2007年1月至2010年10月间湖南省肿瘤医院收治的259例鼻咽癌初治患者,分析患者调强放射治疗后总生存率、无复发生存率、无远处转移生存率和无瘤生存率,对可能影响预后的临床因素进行单因素分析和多因素分析。结果 259例鼻咽癌患者1、3和5年生存率分别为97.3%、90.1%和74.9%。单因素分析显示临床分期、T分期、N分期、疗终残留、治疗模式、颅底骨质破坏、咽后淋巴结转移和颅神经损伤对预后影响,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多元Cox回归分析显示N分期、疗终残留、联合化疗和颅神经损伤是影响鼻咽癌预后的独立因素,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论鼻咽癌患者进行调强放射治疗远期疗效较好,能提高鼻咽癌患者放射治疗后的生存率,具有临床价值。     

不同年龄组鼻咽癌放射治疗的远期疗效及影响因素

目的:分析1706例不同年龄组鼻咽癌放射治疗的远期疗效,并探讨影响其疗效的有关因素。方法:回顾性分析1995年～1998年经病理证实在我院接受根治性放疗的鼻咽癌患者1706例,按其不同年龄段分为三组:A组(≤30岁)156例,B组(31～60岁)1326例,C组(>60岁)224例,对不同年龄组的生存率进行比较,并对年龄、性别、T、N分期等因素作多因素分析。结果:A、B、C三组患者的1、3、5年生存率分别为96.80%、84.32%、77.93%;94.54%、80.85%、69.56%和89.77%、67.23%、50.64%。通过生存曲线统计分析得出三组患者总生存时间的差别有统计学意义(χ2=62.94,P=0.000)。Cox回归分析结果显示,影响鼻咽癌远期疗效的独立因素有年龄、性别、92福州分期、T分期、N分期、是否化疗、治疗中断与否,而与放疗剂量、放疗方式无关。结论:年龄是影响鼻咽癌长期生存的独立预后因素之一,年龄越小,预后越好。     

单纯根治性放疗与放疗联合化疗治疗鼻咽癌的远期疗效分析

目的　回顾性分析比较单纯根治性放射治疗与放射治疗联合化疗治疗鼻咽癌的远期疗效并分析其它相关因素对其预后的影响。方法　从 1988年 1月至 1996年 3月共住院收治 895例鼻咽癌。根据不同的治疗方法分为两组 ,单纯根治性放射治疗组 (单放组 ) 768例 ,放疗方式包括常规、腔内及超分割放疗 ,采用常规设野 ,照射剂量为 68～ 79.6Gy ;根治性放射治疗同期联合化疗组 (联合组 ) 12 7例 ,放疗方法同单放组 ,同期化疗 2～ 3个周期 (方案为DDP 5 Fu或DDP 5 Fu BLM )。结果　本组病例总的 5年生存率为 5 0 .74% ,其中单放组和联合组的 5年生存率分别为 48.46%和5 6.80 % (P <0 .0 0 0 1)。用多因素逐步回归分析 ,N分期对生存率的影响最大 (P <0 .0 0 0 1) ;T分期对生存率亦有影响 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;加用化疗能提高生存率 (P <0 .0 0 1)。结论　提示采用根治性放射治疗同期联合化疗对于鼻咽癌的远期疗效似有提高的趋势 ,特别是对于N2、N3的病例。     

ⅣA期鼻咽癌常规放疗448例预后因素分析

目的:探讨首程接受常规放射治疗的448例ⅣA期鼻咽癌患者的预后因素。方法:2000-01-01-2004-12-31,首程常规放射治疗ⅣA期(92分期)鼻咽癌448例,其中252例放疗同期联合含顺铂方案的化疗。Kaplan-Meier方法进行单因素分析,Cox比例风险模型进行多因素预后分析。结果:ⅣA期鼻咽癌患者的5年总生存率、局部区域无复发生存率、无远处转移生存率和无瘤生存率分别为52.5%、82.4%、61.9%和51.1%。单因素和多因素分析结果表明,N3是影响总生存率、无远处转移生存率和无瘤生存率的共同预后不良因素。与单纯放疗比较,同期化疗提高了T4N0-2组患者的5年总生存率(66.6%:51.6%;χ2=3.917,P=0.048),但T1-4N3组患者未能从同期化疗中获益。结论:N3分期是影响ⅣA期鼻咽癌总生存率,无远处转移生存率和无瘤生存率的主要不良因素。建议将N3分期患者从ⅣA期中分出另设亚组并在治疗上区别对待。     

313例老年鼻咽癌患者临床特征及预后的回顾性研究

背景与目的:鼻咽癌大样本、前瞻性的随机临床研究及回顾性临床分析很多,但绝大多数研究中老年患者被排除在外。本文通过回顾性研究老年鼻咽癌的临床特征和预后因素,探讨其临床特点并提高对老年鼻咽癌的认识。方法:收集313例1998年1月1日～2001年12月31日在中山大学肿瘤防治中心鼻咽癌科初次住院、年龄≥60岁的老年鼻咽癌患者的临床资料进行分析,其中男性265例,女性48例。放疗295例,其中91例加化疗,无治疗和单纯化疗共18例。采用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析,log-rank检验各组生存率。采用Cox回归模型进行预后多因素分析。结果:接受放疗的295例老年鼻咽癌患者1、3、5年总生存率分别为77%、58%、48%,1、3、5年肿瘤相关生存率分别为78%、60%、53%。单因素分析显示P92分期、T分期、N分期、颅底骨受侵、颅神经损伤、原发灶剂量、照射野、放疗天数对预后有影响(P<0.05)。Cox回归模型显示仅092分期是独立的预后影响因素(β=0.509,P<0.01),而化疗不是对老年鼻咽癌患者预后有利的影响因素(β=0.649,P=0.42)。结论:放疗是老年鼻咽癌患者治疗的主要手段,化疗未能明显改善老年鼻咽癌患者的预后;092分期能够较好地预测老年鼻咽癌的预后;老年鼻咽癌患者的预后比非老年患者差。     

4F-CRT治疗255例鼻咽癌的预后因素分析

目的 分析大样本量鼻咽癌(nasopharyngeal carcinoma,NPC)患者接受四野面颈联合野放疗(four facio-cervical fields conformal radiotherapy,4F-CRT)的疗效及不良反应,并探讨其预后因素.方法 分析接受4F-CRT的255例初治鼻咽癌患者临床资料.所有患者治疗前行鼻咽MRI,采用直线加速器6MVX线进行治疗,常规分割,2 Gy/f,每周5天连续放疗.其中231例Ⅱ～ⅣB期患者接受以铂类为基础的化疗.生存分析采用Kaplan-Meier方法,Log-rank法检验差异性.Cox风险比例模型进行多因素分析.结果 中位随访43月(8-79月),所有患者3年与5年局控率、无瘤生存率、总生存率分别是83.3％、82.0％、83.8％和76.1％、73.2％、76.3％.单因素分析显示,临床分期(P＜0.01)、T分期(P＜0.01)、N分期(P =0.001)和即时疗效(P =0.025)与预后有关.多因素分析显示,年龄(P =0.004)、T分期(P＜0.01)、N分期(P＜0.01)和联合化疗(P=0.04)是影响鼻咽癌的独立预后因素.不良反应主要为Ⅰ～Ⅱ级放射性黏膜炎和白细胞下降.结论 4F-CRT治疗鼻咽癌疗效好,无严重不良反应,联合化疗、T分期、N分期和年龄是影响预后的独立因素.     

鼻咽癌骨转移的发生及预后因素分析

目的分析鼻咽癌骨转移的发生和治疗因素.方法回顾性分析我院1990～1999年间初治的935例鼻咽癌患者骨转移的发生、疗效及对预后的影响.结果本组骨转移的发生率为10%.应用单因素分析发现1992年福州分期Ⅲ～Ⅳ期、T4、N2-3、AKP＞70为影响骨转移增加的因素,多因素分析发现仅N2-3、AKP＞70为影响骨转移增加的独立因素.通过生存率分析治疗手段对预后影响发现放疗 化疗组比单纯放疗组或单纯化疗组的中位生存期延长.结论N分期增高是鼻咽癌骨转移的高危因素,放射治疗加化疗有可能改善鼻咽癌骨转移的预后.     

鼻咽癌Ⅲ/Ⅳ期152例的预后因素分析

目的:比较超分割加同期化疗与单纯超分割放疗治疗Ⅲ/Ⅳ期鼻咽癌的生存率,并分析其预后因素。方法:144例鼻咽低分化癌患者随机分入超分割加同期化疗组(放化疗组)与单纯超分割放射治疗(单放组)。两组放射治疗方式相同,1.2Gy/次,2次/d。研究组在放射治疗前、中加用化疗,放疗与化疗同期进行。结果:5年生存率放化疗组和单放组分别为63.3%及50.7%。影响患者预后的因素为N分期、化疗及放射治疗中血红蛋白量的水平。单放组血红蛋白正常患者可获得血红蛋白异常组加用化疗的相近效果。结论:超分割放射加同期化疗治疗Ⅲ/Ⅳ期鼻咽癌能提高生存率。化疗对N2、N3的患者影响更大。多因素回归法分析N分期、是否加用化疗和放射治疗中血红蛋白量是否正常是影响预后的独立因素。     

406例鼻咽癌患者预后多因素分析

目的:探讨鼻咽癌患者预后的影响因素,建立预后预测模型,为临床治疗提供参考.方法:对1996年12月至1997年12月接受治疗的鼻咽癌初治患者406例的分期、颈淋巴结转移情况等进行分析.应用COX回归模型分析预后影响因素,建立预后指数(prognostic index,PI)方程,并根据PI值将全部患者分为不同的危险组,计算各组的生存曲线.结果:单因素分析显示年龄,T、N、M分期和临床分期,颅底骨质破坏,颈淋巴结转移情况,放射剂量等因素影响预后(P＜0.05).多因素分析显示N、M分期、临床分期和化疗与否是影响预后的主要因素.结论:PI值能较好的反映预后,为临床进行分层个体化治疗和预后预测提供参考.     

儿童鼻咽癌放射治疗的远期疗效

背景与目的:儿童鼻咽癌是一种特殊类型的鼻咽癌,治疗效果较差。本文分析儿童鼻咽癌的远期疗效,并探讨影响其疗效的有关因素,为制定合理的诊疗措施提供依据。方法:从1975年1月至1995年12月,共有47例经病理组织学确诊、7～14岁的儿童鼻咽癌患者在我院接受放射治疗,鼻咽剂量为6～13周52～74Gy,平均为(64.68±5.68)Gy;颈部剂量为5～13周46～73Gy,平均(57.77±5.86)Gy。21例在放疗前接受化疗,其中13例接受以DDP为基础的方案化疗1～3个疗程。用SPSS10.0统计软件包的Kaplan-Meier法计算生存率,用log-rank法对单纯放疗组及化放疗组患者的生存率进行比较。结果:全组1、3、5年生存率分别为72.3%、53.2%和40.4%。影响儿童鼻咽癌远期疗效的因素有临床分期(P=0.0463)、活检方式(P=0.0236)、鼻咽照射剂量(P=0.0494)和近期疗效(P=0.0050)。生存5年以上的15例男性患者平均身高(161.5±1.2)cm,其中身高等于或低于160cm7例,占46.7%,最矮者只有150cm。3例女性患者中,月经正常1例,月经紊乱2例。结论:临床分期、活检方式、鼻咽照射剂量和近期疗效是影响儿童鼻咽癌放射治疗远期疗效的因素,儿童鼻咽癌放射治疗的远期后遗症不容忽视。     

Prognostic Factors on Overall Survival of Newly Diagnosed Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Background: To investigate factors associated with overall survival in patients with newly diagnosedmetastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and two consecutive patientswith pathologically confirmed nasopharyngeal carcinoma with distant metastasis at diagnosis seen betweenDecember 2007 and May 2011 were reviewed. Patient, tumor and treatment factors were analyzed for theirsignificance regarding overall survival. Results: The median follow-up time was 22 months. At the time of thisreport, 116 patients had died. For 112 patients, cause of death was nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The 1, 2, 3, and4-year overall survival rates were 75.6%, 50.2%, 39.2%, and 28.2%, respectively. Cox regression multivariateanalysis showed that T-stage (p=0.045), N-stage (p=0.014), metastasis number (p<0.001) and radiotherapy fornasopharynx and neck (p<0.001) were significant factors for overall survival. Conclusions: Early T-stage andN-stage, solitary metastasis in a single organ were good prognostic factors for patients with newly diagnosedmetastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Radiotherapy should be strongly recommended in systemic treatment.     

Squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx--an analysis of treatment results in 289 consecutive patients

In this retrospective study the results of primary and salvage treatment of oropharyngeal carcinoma were evaluated. A total of 289 consecutive patients (103 females and 186 males) were included in the study. Most tumours originated in the tonsil area (58%) and comprised stages I 8%, II 19%, III 46% and IV 28%. The primary treatment was delivered with curative intent in 276 cases (96%). Of these, 266 received primary radiotherapy. The median radiation dose was 62 Gy, given as laterally opposed fields to the primary tumour and bilateral neck. Eight patients were treated with primary surgery and two with chemotherapy as part of a curatively intended treatment programme including radiotherapy. Six patients received palliative treatment, and seven were not treated at all. Out of 276 tumours treated with curative intent, 173 reappeared; 72% recurred in T position, 38% in N position, and 12% at distant metastatic sites, some in combination. Salvage surgery was possible in 52 patients, and 24 treatments were successful. Salvage radiotherapy or cryotherapy was used in 22 patients and 4 were controlled. For the entire group, the 5-year locoregional tumour control, disease-specific survival and overall survival rates were 38%, 44% and 31%, respectively. For patients treated with curative intent, clinical T- and N-stage, stage, tumour size, gender, age, and pretreatment haemoglobin were significant prognostic parameters in a univariate analysis. The Cox multivariate analysis showed that T-stage, N-stage and gender were independent prognostic factors. It is concluded that T-stage, N-stage and gender are significant independent prognostic factors. The primary control of the carcinoma in the T-position is crucial for overall success, but salvage surgery is found to have a favourable success rate in patients suitable for relapse treatment.     

Postoperative irradiation of minor salivary gland malignancies of the head and neck.

OBJECTIVES: (1) To review the Stanford experience with postoperative radiotherapy for minor salivary gland carcinomas of the head and neck. (2) To identify patterns of failure and prognostic factors for these tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-four patients with localized tumors were treated with curative intent at Stanford University between 1966 and 1995. The 1992 AJCC staging for squamous cell carcinomas was used to retrospectively stage these patients. Thirteen percent had stage I, 22% stage II, 26% stage III, and 39% stage IV neoplasms. Thirty-two patients (59%) had adenoid cystic carcinoma, 15 (28%) had adenocarcinoma, and seven (13%) had mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Thirty (55%) had positive surgical margins and seven (13%) had cervical lymph node involvement at diagnosis. The median follow-up for alive patients was 7.8 years (range: 25 months-28.9 years). RESULTS: The 5- and 10-year actuarial local control rates were 91 and 88%, respectively. Advanced T-stage (T3-4), involved surgical margins, adenocarcinoma histology, and sinonasal and oropharyngeal primaries were associated with poorer local control. The 5- and 10-year actuarial freedom from distant metastasis were 86 and 81%, respectively. Advanced T-stage (T3-4), lymph node involvement at diagnosis, adenoid cystic and high-grade mucoepidermoid histology were associated with a higher risk of distant metastases. The 10-year cause-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) were 81 % and 63%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, prognostic factors affecting survival were T-stage (favoring T1-2), and N-stage (favoring NO). When T- and N-stage were combined to form the AJCC stage, the latter became the most significant factor for survival. The 10-year OS was 86% for stage I-II vs. 52% for stage III-IV tumors. Late treatment-related toxicity was low (3/54); most complications were mild and no cranial nerve damage was noted. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical resection and carefully planned post-operative radiation therapy for minor salivary gland tumors is well tolerated and effective with high local control rates. AJCC stage was the most significant predictor for survival and should be used for staging minor salivary gland carcinomas.     

非转移性T4期鼻咽癌的预后影响因素分析

目的探讨非转移性ⅣA期鼻咽癌的预后影响因子。方法初治的T4N0~3M0 (UICC 1997版分期)鼻咽癌患者145例纳入临床研究,分析患者的复发、转移、生存情况及预后影响因素。结果145例患者的5年OS、CCS、PFS、DLRFS、DMFS分别为59.2％、61.3％、53.0％、71.6％、62.6％。多因素分析显示：颈动脉鞘区受侵是影响DLRFS、DMFS的不良预后因素,UICC N分期是影响DLRFS、 DMFS的独立预后因素;颈动脉鞘区受侵是影响CCS的独立不良预后因素,年龄、颈部照射剂量、UICC N分期是影响CCS的独立预后因素。单因素分析显示: 颈动脉鞘区受侵、UICC N分期是影响CCS、PFS的预后因素,同期化疗或放疗联合化疗虽提示有提高DMFS及提高CCS的趋势,但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论颈动脉鞘区受侵、UICC N分期是影响非转移性T4期鼻咽癌的重要预后因子。     

1837例鼻咽癌疗效的回顾性分析

目的 总结我院鼻咽癌常规放疗的疗效和经验.方法 回顾性分析2000年1月至2003年12月收治的1837例经病理证实的初治鼻咽癌患者.年龄8～87岁(48岁),男1403例,女434例,男:女=3.2:1.1992年福州分期T1、T2、T3、T3期分别为364、995、274、204例,N0、N1、N2、N3期分别为412、801、514、110例.Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、ⅣA、ⅣB期分别为77、777、668、291、24例.959例局部晚期患者中,单纯放疗363例,综合治疗596例.855例接受以顺铂为基础化疗.鼻咽原发病灶主要采用60Coγ线、6MV X线常规分割照射,1.8～2.0 Gy/次,总剂量30.6～74.0 Gy.常规放疗结束后如鼻咽镜或CT提示有肿瘤残存者,则通过耳后野、颅底野、后装及适形加量6～20 Gy.颈部放射源用60Coγ线、180 kV X线和9 MeV电子束,N0期患者仅照射上颈部,有颈部转移者照射全颈.预防总剂量50～56 Gy,根治总剂量60～68 Gy.结果 中位随访54个月,5年总生存率、无瘤生存率、无复发生存率、无远处转移生存率分别为67.42%、63.25%、86.47%和80.31%.Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、ⅣA、ⅣB期的5年生存率分别为88%、74.8%、65.9%、52.4%、20%.Ⅲ+ⅣA期959例中单纯放疗、综合治疗的5年生存率分别为63.7%和60.7%(P=0.216).Ⅲ期668例中单纯放疗(279例)和综合治疗(389例)的5年生存率分别为65.2%和66.5%(P=0.810).单因素分析显示与总的牛存有关的因素有性别、T分期、N分期、M分期、92福州分期、贫血、治疗前LDH水平、化疗、后装治疗及面颈联合野.多因素Cox回归分析显示性别、T分期、N分期、92福州分期与总生存有关.结论 鼻咽癌常规治疗5年生存率达67.4%,总生存与性别、T分期、N分期、M分期、福州分期、贫血等有关.     

甘氨双唑钠对鼻咽癌放疗增敏作用的长期疗效

目的评价甘氨双唑钠（CMNa）对鼻咽癌患者放疗增敏作用的远期疗效和安全性。方法1999年5月至2002年5月,211例初诊为鼻咽癌的患者随机分为CMNa组（A组）和安慰剂组（B组）。两组放射治疗方法、程式和剂量相同。采用1992年福州分期标准分期,以CTC2．0标准评定早期不良反应,以RTOG／EORTC晚期毒性标准评定晚期不良反应。中位随访时间52个月。所有数据用SPSS13．0软件处理,两组间一般情况的比较用t检验,生存率统计用Kaplan-Meier法,预后分析用单因素分析法和Cox多因素回归模型。结果两组患者临床资料具有可比性。A组患者的3年生存率为88．4％,B组为75．2％,差异有统计学意义（P=0．010）。经单因素分析显示,3年生存率与N分期（N（0-1）86．9％,N（2-3）73．8％,P〈0．001）、T分期（T（1-2）85．6％,T（3-4）79．3％,P=0．014）、总分期（P=0．039）及分组因素（A组88．4％,B组75．2％,P=0．010）相关。A组患者的5年无复发生存率、5年无转移生存率和5年总生存率分别为75．8％、74．9％和77．7％,B组患者分别为63．0％、63．0％和62．4％,两组差异有统计学意义（P值分别为0．013、0．022和0．010）。对5年总生存率的亚组分析显示,两组Ⅲ～Ⅳ期患者差异有统计学意义（P=0．009）,Ⅰ～Ⅱ期患者差异无统计学意义（P=0．502）。Cox多因素回归分析显示,与生存相关的预后因素为N分期（RR=3．288）、T分期（RR=2．147）和CMNa（RR=0．407）。两组患者不良反应差异无统计学意义,说明CMNa的使用不会增加放射损伤的发生,长期随访未观察到明显的神经、心脏毒性。结论CMNa能提高鼻咽癌患者放疗的远期疗效,Ⅲ～Ⅳ期患者生存获益明显;耐受性好,未发现明显毒副作用。     

Prognostic factors in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated in Hospital Kuala Lumpur

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is the third most common cancer among men in Peninsular Malaysia.However, no information is available about the prognostic factors. The objective of this study was to identifyfactors with an influence on outcome in patients treated in Hospital Kuala Lumpur. Methods: A total of 159patients with non-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated during 2002-2003 in Hospital Kuala Lumpurwere included in this study. All received radiotherapy. Fifty three patients were treated with radiotherapy alone,while 106 patients received combination chemotherapy. Overall survival and local recurrence-free survival wereanalyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and univariate analysis was performed using the log-rank test. Results:This study found out that 5-year overall survival and 5-year local recurrence-free survival rates were 58.6% and54.2% respectively. The stage specific 5-year overall survival rates were: Stage I, 100%; Stage II; 93.3%, StageIII, 62.7%; Stage IVA, 42.2%; and Stage IVB, 40.6%. On univariate analysis, gender (p<0.05), T-classification(p< 0.001), N-classification (p<0.05), stage (p<0.05) and cranial nerve involvement (p< 0.001) were found to besignificant prognostic factors for 5-year overall survival, while gender (p<0.05) and N-classification (p<0.05)were significant prognostic factors for 5-year local recurrence-free survival. Conclusion: The overall survivalrate of patients for this study was low. The patient factor that significantly affected 5-year overall survival wasgender, while disease factors were stage, T-classification, N-classification and cranial nerve involvement.     

Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Loco-regionally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Treatment Outcomes and Prognostic Factors

Background: We conducted this study to contribute to resolving some controversial issues on management ofnasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: Thirty-two patients with stage III-IVB nasopharyngeal carcinoma were includedin this retrospective study. All patients received concurrent chemoradiotherapy with either 3D conformal radiotherapyor intensity-modulated radiotherapy. We retrospectively analyzed the survival outcome, prognostic factors for survival,and toxicity outcome. Results: The 2- and 5-year overall survival rates were 89.9% and 82.6%. The 2- and 5-yeardistant metastasis-free survival rates were 83.2% and 79.4%. The 2- and 5-year loco-regional recurrence-free survivalrates were 83.3% and 79.5%. Addition of induction chemotherapy to concurrent chemoradiotherapy did not improvesurvival outcomes. The survival benefit of intensity-modulated radiotherapy over 3D conformal radiotherapy was notclear. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy significantly decreased the development of late toxicities compared with 3Dconformal radiotherapy. Total RT dose was prognostic factor for overall, loco-regional recurrence-free, and distantmetastasis-free survival. Temporary RT interruption was prognostic factor for overall survival. Daily RT dose wasprognostic factor for distant metastasis-free survival. Conclusions: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy resulted in highsurvival rates with an acceptable level of toxicities in patients with loco-regionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.To confirm the results of this study, well-designed randomized prospective trials are warranted.     

148例儿童及青少年鼻咽癌疗效及预后因素分析

目的 分析儿童及青少年鼻咽癌的临床特征,治疗疗效及预后因素.方法 1990-2009年收治的20岁以下鼻咽癌患者148例,1992年福州分期Ⅱ期11例,Ⅲ期48例,Ⅳ期88例,1例分期不明;国际抗癌联盟2002年分期Ⅱ期8例,Ⅲ期58例,Ⅳ期81例,1例分期不明.单纯放疗94例,放疗和化疗综合治疗54例.结果 中位随诊时间为44.5个月.全组5年总生存率、局部控制率和无远处转移生存率分别为82.9%、85.1%、78.6%.42例治疗后失败,16例局部区域复发,29例远处转移,其中3例同时出现局部区域复发和远处转移,骨转移为最常见的部位.单因素分析显示T4期、鼻咽剂量<70 Gy是总生存率的不良预后因素(X2=4.08、5.61、5.30,P:0.043、0.018、0.021),鼻咽剂量<70 Gy是局部控制率的不良预后因素(X2=7.32,P=0.007),病史≥6个月是无远转生存率的不良预后因素(X2=4.24,P=0.039).多因素分析显示国际抗癌联盟2002年分期T4期、鼻咽剂量<70 Gy是5年总生存率的独立预后因素(X2=5.73、5.56,P=0.017、0.018),鼻咽剂量<70 Gy是局部控制率的独立预后因素(X2=5.81,P=0.016).结论 儿童及青少年鼻咽癌治疗疗效好,放疗剂量可与成年人相同,减少远处转移和减少严重晚期不良反应将是以后努力的目标.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the clinical characteristics,outcome and prognostic factom of adolescent nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods Between Jan 1990 and Dec 2009,totally 148 pathological confirmed nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)patients with age≤20 years were treated in our hospital,including stage Ⅱ 8,stage Ⅲ 58,stage Ⅳ 81,and unknown 1 when restaged by TNM system(UICC 2002),ninty-four(63.5%)patients were treated with radiotherapy alone,54(36.5%)patients were treated with radiotherapy combined with cisplatin-based chemotherapy.Results The median follow-up time for all patients was 44.5 months.The 5-year overall survival(OS),local-regional control(LRC)and distant metastasis-free survival(DMFS)rateswere 82.9%,85.1%and 78.6%.There were 42 patients(28.4%)failed with 16 regional recurrence and 29 distant metastasis,and 3 with both;bone metastasis was the most common site of distant metastasis(22/29).In univariate analysis,the adverse prognostic factors for OS were stage T4(X2=5.61,P=0.018),radiation dose<70 Gy(X2=5.30,P=0.021),for LRC was radiation dose<70 Gy and for distant metastasis-free survival was the disease history≥6month(X2=4.24,P=0.039).In multivariate analysis,radiation dose<70 Gy and stage T4 were the independent prognostic factors for OS(X2=5.73、5.56,P=0.017、0.018),for LRC was radiation dose<70 Gy(X2=5.81,P=0.016).Conclusions The outcome of the present series was excellent,total nagopharyngeal radiation dose less than 70 Gy is inappropriate.Reduce the distant metastasis and late toxicities were the future direction for the treatment of adolescent nasopharyngeal carcinoma.     

复发性鼻咽癌三维适形放射治疗的疗效分析

目的 分析复发性鼻咽癌三维适形放射治疗的疗效及影响疗效的因素.方法 56例复发性鼻咽癌接受三维适形放射治疗,鼻咽部剂量50～70Gy/36～52d(中位64Gy/44d).结果 全组病例随访3年以上.3年总生存率、无瘤生存率和鼻咽部局部控制率分别为48.2 %、44.6%和53.6%.复发间隔时间＞2年和复发临床分期T2期者,3年生存率和局部控制率高(P＜0.05);再程放疗剂量≥60Gy者,3年生存率和局部控制率优于＜60Gy.结论 三维适形放射治疗是复发性鼻咽癌有效的治疗手段,其复发间隔时间、复发临床分期和再程放疗剂量是影响预后的因素.