对《公共场所卫生管理条例》及《实施细则》 存在问题和修改的思考

随着社会进步 ,经济发展 ,人们对公共场所卫生质量的要求越来越高。现行的《公共场所卫生管理条例》 (以下简称《条例》)和《公共场所卫生管理条例实施细则》 (以下简称《细则》) ,为创造良好的公共场所卫生条件 ,提高公共场所的卫生质量 ,保障人群健康起到了积极作用。但现行的公共场所卫生法规已不适应社会发展和卫生监督工作的需要。现就《条例》和《细则》存在的问题及其修改作一些探讨。1　存在的问题1 1　适用范围滞后　《条例》规定的适用范围包括宾馆、公共浴室、影剧院、体育场、商店等 7类 2 8种公共场所。但随着市场经济进一步繁…     

试论公共场所卫生法制管理

长期以来公共场所的卫生管理工作一直受到政府和有关部门的重视 ,为改善和提高公共场所的卫生质量 ,预防疾病、保障人体健康 ,国务院于 1987年 4月 1日发布了《公共场所卫生管理条例》 (以下简称《条例》) ,这部公共场所卫生法规的发布和实施 ,标志着我国公共场所的卫生管理走上了法制管理的轨道[1] ,《条例》是各级卫生监督机构监督执法的根本依据 ;1991年 3月 11日卫生部发布的“《公共场所卫生管理条例》实施细则” (以下简称《细则》)是卫生部根据《条例》授权所作的解释性规定 ,是《条例》的具体化 ;卫生部并于 1988年颁布 ,1996年组织…     

公共场所卫生法规条款存在的问题及建议

《公共场所卫生管理条例》（以下简称《条例》）、《公共场所卫生管理条例实施细则》（以下简称《实施细则》）自1987年和1991年颁布以来，为我国公共场所的卫生监督管理提供了法律依据，使我国的公共场所卫生管理工作逐渐步入了法制化、规范化。但随着社会的不断进步、市场经济的快速发展，新问题、新情况、     

上海浦东国际机场公共场所卫生监督技术报告

1 基本概况 上海浦东国际机场内共有公共场所5类、19处,现有从业人员3654人,根据《国际卫生条例》、《中华人民共和国国境卫生检疫法》及其实施细则和《公共场所卫生管理条例》及实施细则的有关要求,这些公共场所均经卫生监督机构审核批准,并获得卫生许可证。所有公共场所从业人员均持有有效健     

淮安市公共场所存在的卫生问题及其建议

198 7年国务院颁布了《公共场所卫生管理条例》以及与之配套的《实施细则》,淮安市公共场所卫生状况在此之后有较大改观 ,经营者和从业人员的卫生意识逐步增强。据 2 0 0 2年统计 ,全市各类公共场所持证率均在 90 %以上 ,从业人员的体检培训率达 80 %以上 ,“五病”调离率在 98%以上 ,卫生指标的合格率逐年上升。但在卫生监督管理及其法律法规的执行过程中 ,发现还存在不少问题 ,现对淮安市公共场所卫生现状及其存在的问题报告如下 ,并对改进措施提出管孔之见。1　现状及问题1 .1　公共场所逐年增加 ,卫生监督队伍相对滞后　随着社会的发展…     

基层公共场所卫生监督的现状和对策

1．1 公共场所经营存在多种性质，彼此间的卫生状况差距甚远《公共场所卫生管理条例》(《条例》)已经颁布16年之久，条例实施细则及公共场所卫生监督工作程序也已经颁布12年。在各种法律法规颁布初期开始经营的公共场所多是个体旅馆、理发店等，由于受当时条件所限，经营面积小，卫生设施简陋，无专用消毒间，房屋条件差(有些甚至为自盖房屋)，从业     

新体制下有关《公共场所卫生管理条例》及《实施细则》的思考和建议

1987年4月1日国务院颁布了《公共场所卫生管理条例》（以下简称《条例》）,同年9月15日卫生部颁布了该条例《实施细则》（以下简称《细则》）,随后卫生部又对《细则》进行了修订和补充,于1991年3月1日出台了新《细则》.《条例》和《细则》是公共场所卫生监督执法的法律依据,为提高我国公共场所卫生质量,保障人民群众身体健康起到了至关重要的作用.近年来,随着社会主义市场经济的发展,卫生监督体制改革不断深化,法律制度逐步完善.     

慈溪市公共场所卫生行政处罚存在的问题

《公共场所卫生管理条例》及《实施细则》 1987年国务院发布来 ,已有 10余年 ,其间颁布了《行政处罚法》等其他行政性法规 ,使《公共场所卫生管理条例》及《实施细则》的罚则与这些行政大法产生了抵触 ,同时 ,罚款的额度偏低 ,申请法院强制执行的时间过长 ,使公共场所卫生法规失去了法律应有的尊严。1　一事不再重罚　《公共场所卫生管理条例实施细则》罚则第二十三条对公共场所的行政处罚 ,是个渐进过程。例某一单位从业人员不按时进行健康体检 ,按第一款规定 ,先给予警告处罚 ,若未改进 ,再可按第二款罚款 2 0元至 2 0 0元 ,若再未改进 ,…     

《公共场所卫生管理条例实施细则》解读

《公共场所卫生管理条例》是为创造良好的公共场所卫生条件,预防疾病,保障人体健康而制定的条例。2011年卫生部部务会议审议通过了《公共场所卫生管理条例实施细则》(以下简称《实施细则》),并已于2011年5月1日起施行。本文从修改的意义和思路、修改的主要内容以及如何贯彻实施三个方面对《实施细则》进行初步解读,为进一步掌握《实施细则》以及将其运用到实际工作中奠定基础。     

上海浦东国际机场公共场所卫生监督技术报告

1　基本概况　　上海浦东国际机场内共有公共场所 5类、19处 ,现有从业人员 36 5 4人 ,根据《国际卫生条例》、《中华人民共和国国境卫生检疫法》及其实施细则和《公共场所卫生管理条例》及其实施细则的有关要求 ,这些公共场所均经卫生监督机构审核批准 ,并获得卫生许可证。所有公共场所从业人员均持有有效健康证明及卫生知识培训合格证 ;卫生监督机构对上述公共场所实施日常卫生监督和监测 ;自开航以来 ,上海浦东国际机场内公共场所的卫生设备、卫生设施得到了不断的改进和完善。2　公共场所卫生监测标准　　根据国家标准ＧＢ96 73- 1996、…     

Trends in meningococcal disease in Italy in 1988

Meningococcal disease in Italy decreased 15% in 1988 from the previous year (290 vs. 342 cases). The decline was particularly evident in military cases (1.7/100,000 in 1988 vs. 5/100,000 in 1987) reflecting the full coverage of bivalent serogroup (A + C) meningococcal polysaccaride vaccine in army recruits, achieved since January 1988. The highest proportion of cases was seen in people older than 25 years of age (25%). Serogroup C constituted 60% of the isolates, while 19% belonged to serogroup B. The proportion of strains resistant to sulphonamides was 45%, while 15% were resistant to Minocycline and none to Rifampin. Out of the five military cases, only one (due to serogroup C) was attributable to the vaccine failure. A single coprimary case, but no secondary cases occurred among civilians. These findings are consistent with the trends reported in Italy in the previous years.     

Benzene in blood and phenol in urine in monitoring benzene exposure in industry

Determinations of benzene concentration in blood and of phenol in urine were made by head-space gas chromatography techniques on samples taken near the end of the work day from two groups of workers potentially exposed to low levels of benzene in the work-place atmosphere. Preliminary results suggest that benzene in blood is more reliable than phenol tests for assessing both exposure and uptake of benzene. Normal values of phenol in urine (10 mg/liter or less) were found in nearly all those cases in which benzene was detected in the blood.     

2015年郑州市饮用水放射性水平状况调查

目的了解郑州市不同地区、不同季节、不同水源类型的放射性水平。方法分别于丰水期和枯水期采集郑州市区黄河水源水、井水源水、丹江口水源水、出厂水和末梢水各一份;以县为单位,每单位采集出厂水、末梢水、水库水、河水、井水各1份,按《生活饮用水生活标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750.13-2006)检测饮用水中总α和总β放射性水平,依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)进行判定。结果丰水期、枯水期水体总α、总β放射性水平均低于国家标准限值。结论郑州市不同水源类型均处于正常的天然放射性本底水平。     

Occupational stress in nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan

Nurses are known to be exposed to occupational stress. However, occupational stress is not well documented for nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the work-related stress and risk factors of nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A structured questionnaire was distributed to nurses at five state-owned psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan in 2001. Demographic information, working environment, and personal health status were inquired. Occupational stress was assessed based on the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). General health status and mental health were evaluated by the International Quality of Life Assessment Short Form-36 (IQOLA SF-36). A total of 573 questionnaires were disseminated to nurses and 518 (90.4%) were satisfactorily completed by nurses, including 408 female full-time nurses who had been in their current work for more than 6 months. In the past one month, 17.2% of nurses reported being under significant stress often or always. Assault episodes were reported by 45.1% of nurses in the past 6 months. Among the nurses, 16.9%, 25.2%, 50.0%, and 7.8% belong to the "High strain", "Low strain", "Active", and "Passive" groups, respectively. Perceived occupational stress was associated with young age, widowed/divorced/separated marital status, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and threat of assault at work. Lower general health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, and perceived occupational stress. A lower mental health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and perceived occupational stress. We concluded that nurses in psychiatric institutions are under significant stress related to work factors.     

Changes in nursing administration in supporting transplantation in Brazil

This historical and bibliographic study aimed to understand how Nursing was organized to support care in transplantation. The HISA, LILACS, BDENF, PERIENF and DEDALUS databases were consulted, and thirteen references were found, ten of which were scientific articles, two were master's dissertations and one was a doctoral thesis. The span of time chosen for study ranges from the date of the first kidney transplant in Brazil (1965), to the date of publication of the last scientific article found in the databases mentioned above (2003). After reading these articles, the ones that were similar in topic were grouped together, thus creating the thematic axis for the presentation of the results. The results showed that the Nursing profession has played an important and active role in transplants ever since the first procedure in 1965.     

2019年中国肿瘤流行病学研究进展

恶性肿瘤已成为中国居民的主要死因之一。近些年来,中国政府积极推进肿瘤预防和控制领域的研究工作,取得了很大的进步。本文简要汇总中国在肿瘤流行病学领域的研究进展,具体包括2019年的肿瘤负担、癌症危险因素及其干预、筛查和早期发现、癌症防治专项行动(2019-2022年)方案等方面,以期为我国肿瘤防治工作的有效开展提供技术支撑和理论依据。     

2012年绵阳市蔬菜中农药残留状况

目的 了解绵阳市2012年市售蔬菜中农药残留情况,为食用蔬菜监管提供依据.方法 全部样品均按照GB/T 5009-2003的方法进行农药的残留检测.依据GB 2763-2005《食品中农药最大残留限量》进行判定.结果 2012年共检测蔬菜165份,农药检出率和超标率分别为72.12％和23.64％.豆类、根茎类、叶菜类、瓜果菜类和食用菌类蔬菜检测农药残留超标率分别为8.00％、23.53％、36.00％、5.26％和27.03％,差异有统计学意义(x2=11.41,P＜0.01).不同种类农药超标率差异有统计学意义(x2 =62.42,P＜0.01).夏季和冬季蔬菜农药超标率差异无统计学意义(x2=3.44,P＞0.05).结论 绵阳市叶菜类蔬菜中农药残留情况较为严重,应采取有效措施,加强蔬菜的监督管理,从源头禁止高毒农药的使用,加大蔬菜种植、销售环节的监测,确保市民食用蔬菜的安全.