同一个体先后发生食管鳞状细胞癌和结肠腺癌1例

患者男性,65岁,2002年3月以进食异物感半年就诊。其父亲死于食管癌。电子胃镜显示:距门齿20～23 cm左后壁可见菜花样隆起,黏膜充血、糜烂。胃镜检查报告:食管胸上段隆起性质待定,考虑恶性肿瘤。该处黏膜活检病理诊断为:(食管胸上段)鳞状细胞癌,入院后先行半量放疗,1月后行食管肿瘤切除术。术后未行化疗。2010年11月该患者     

子宫颈、食管鳞状细胞癌人乳头状瘤病毒感染的比较研究

目的 探讨同一地区人乳头瘤病毒在宫颈鳞状细胞癌的感染特征及与食管鳞状细胞癌的关系.方法 采用PCR技术和快速导流杂交基因芯片技术分别对来自河南同一地区的75例宫颈鳞癌患者和78例食管鳞癌患者进行HPV 分型检测.结果 来自同一地区的宫颈、食管鳞癌组织中,HPV16型阳性检出率均最高,分别为83%(58/70)和82%(49/60),其余阳性类型宫颈鳞癌中依次为HPV58、18、31、6、52、33、11,分别占14%(10/70),9%(6/70),7%(5/70),6%(4/70),6%(4/70),4%(3/70),4%(3/70);食管鳞癌中依次为HPV18、58、31、6、11,分别占15%(9/60),8%(5/60),7%(4/60),5%(3/60),5%(3/60).对HPV16阳性的宫颈、食管鳞癌标本DNA进行HPV16致癌基因E6/E7扩增进行验证,阳性率为100%.结论 同一地区居民宫颈(食管)鳞癌HPV感染亚型相似,提示HPV可能是这两种肿瘤的共同致病因素,HPV16可能在宫颈和食管癌变过程中起重要作用,也为其生物防治提供了重要理论依据.     

鳞状细胞癌抗原研究进展(文献综述)

鳞状细胞癌抗原（squamous cell carcinoma antigen, SCC ）最初于1977年从宫颈鳞癌组织中分离得到,又名TA-4抗原。SCC是一组肿瘤相关蛋白,其血清水平检测广泛应用于多种器官鳞状细胞癌的诊断以及治疗效果的临床评价。本文就近年来有关SCC的研究进展,作一简要的综述。     

食管鳞状细胞癌肿瘤间质成熟度的临床病理学意义及与PD-L1表达的相关性

目的 探讨食管鳞状细胞癌(esophageal squamous cell cancer,ESCC)中肿瘤间质成熟度(tumor stromal maturity,TSM)的临床病理学意义,及其作为免疫治疗疗效预测组织学特征的潜在价值.方法 收集129例ESCC手术切除标本,根据HE染色评估肿瘤间质并将其分为成熟型、中...     

食管鳞状细胞癌中SOX17、MACC1、c-Met的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨食管鳞状细胞癌(esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, ESCC)中SOX17、MACC1和c-Met的表达及临床意义。方法 采用免疫组化SP法检测232例ESCC及癌旁正常黏膜组织中SOX17、MACC1、c-Met的表达,分析三者表达与ESCC临床病理特征的相关性及对患者预后的影响。结果 SOX17在ESCC中的阳性率为18.1%(42/232),低于正常食管黏膜中的阳性率73.3%(170/232);SOX17表达与ESCC脉管侵犯(P=0.017)和神经侵犯(P=0.014)相关。MACC1在ESCC中的阳性率为57.3%(133/232);MACC1表达与ESCC肿瘤直径≥3 cm(P=0.039)和AJCC分期高(P=0.020)相关。c-Met在ESCC中的阳性率为54.3%(126/232);c-Met表达与ESCC发生远处转移相关(P=0.045)。MACC1表达与c-Met表达呈正相关(P<0.001)。Kaplan-Meier生存分析发现,c-Met表达(P=0.021)与ESCC患者的总生存期相关,c-Met高表达...     

食管鳞状细胞癌中miR-4687-5P及STIM1的表达及调控机制

目的检测食管鳞状细胞癌(esophageal squamous cell cancer,ESCC)细胞株及组织中miR-4687-5P及STIM1基因的表达及STIM1基因启动子区的甲基化状况,进一步探讨miR-4687-5P与STIM1基因表达的相关性以及两者是否具有共同的表达调控机制。方法应用qRT-PCR及甲基化特异性PCR(methylation specific PCR,MSP)法检测ESCC细胞株(TE13、KYSE150、T.Tn)及89例ESCC及相应癌旁非肿瘤组织中miR-4687-5P及STIM1基因的表达及甲基化情况,并分析其相关性。结果 ESCC组织中miR-4687-5P与STIM1基因表达均明显下调,且表达具有一致性。miR-4687-5P与STIM1基因在3株ESCC细胞系中表达较弱,应用甲基化抑制剂5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine(5-Aza-Dc)处理细胞株后两基因表达均明显增强,而甲基化条带明显减弱或消失; ESCC组织中,STIM1基因启动子区呈高甲基化状态,且其甲基化频率与STIM1及miR-4687-5P的表达均相关(P 0. 01)。结论 ESCC中miR-4687-5P与STIM1基因表达均下调; miR-4687-5P表达可能受宿主基因STIM1启动子的调控,其启动子区的高甲基化状态可能是引起miR-4687-5P与STIM1基因在ESCC中表达下调的共同机制之一。     

P53和1d2蛋白在食管鳞状细胞癌的表达及其意义

目的研究P53、Id2蛋白在食管鳞状细胞癌组织的表达及其意义。方法采用免疫组织化学SP法和图像分析技术检测122例食管鳞状细胞癌及90例癌旁正常组织中P53、Id2的表达情况。结果122例食管鳞状细胞癌中P53、Id2表达水平均高于癌旁正常组织（P〈0．01）。P53表达强度与患者的性别、年龄及肿瘤的分化程度未见明显相关性（P〉0．05）,但与肿瘤的浸润深度及淋巴结转移情况相关（P〈0．05）;Id2的表达与患者的性别、年龄及淋巴结转移情况未见明显相关性（P〉0．05）,但与肿瘤的分化程度成负相关（P〈0．05）,且与肿瘤浸润深度正相关（P〈0．05）。结论P53、Id2在食管鳞状细胞癌的高表达可能作为判断食管鳞状细胞癌生物学行为的潜在指标。     

鳞状细胞癌相关抗原(SCCA)在宫颈癌中的检测意义

鳞状细胞癌相关抗原(squamous cell carcinoma antigen,SCCA)是一种肿瘤细胞相关抗原,有助于所有鳞状上皮细胞起源的癌症诊断。在鳞癌患者血清中的含量升高,可作为鳞癌诊断最早、最有效的肿瘤标志物[1]。本文对SCCA在宫颈癌血清表达水平及阳性率,探讨其在宫颈癌中的诊断价值。     

食管鳞状细胞癌组织中核干细胞因子、表皮生长因子和表皮生长因子受体mRNA的表达

目的 探讨食管鳞状细胞癌组织中核干细胞因子(NS),表皮生长因子(EGF)和表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)mRNA的表达及其相互关系. 方法 采用原位杂交技术检测62例食管鳞状细胞癌组织,31例癌旁不典型增生组织及62例正常食管黏膜组织中NS、EGF和EGFR mRNA的表达阳性率,并分析食管鳞状细胞癌患者不同临床病理参数间NS、EGF和EGFR mRNA的表达阳性率及三者之间的相关性. 结果 正常食管黏膜组织、癌旁不典型增生组织及食管鳞状细胞癌组织中NS mRNA的阳性表达率分别为21.0%(13/62)、25.8%(8/31)和69.4%(43/62);EGF mRNA阳性表达率分别是40.3%(25/62)、48.4%(15/31)和77.4%(48/62);EGFR mRNA阳性表达率分别是30.6%(19/62),45.2%(14/31)和75.8%(47/62).食管鳞状细胞癌组织中NS、EGF和EGFR mRNA的阳性表达率与肿瘤的组织学分级,浸润深度及淋巴结转移有关(均P<0.05).食管鳞状细胞癌组织中NS mRNA表达与EGFmRNA和EGFR mRNA的表达呈正相关(分别为r=0.394,r=0.604,P<0.05). 结论 食管鳞状细胞癌组织中NS mRNA与EGF mRNA和EGFR mRNA的表达呈正相关,NS mRNA、EGF mRNA和EGFR mRNA在食管癌的发生、发展过程中可能起重要作用.     

食管鳞癌及其前驱病变基因杂合子缺失的研究

目的 通过对食管黏膜高级别上皮内瘤变和鳞状细胞癌中的等位基因杂合子缺失(LOH)的检测,以期发现与食管鳞状细胞癌关系密切的抑癌基因。方法 应用显微切割,PCR扩增、凝胶电泳、放射自显影等技术,对照分析正常体细胞、食管鳞状上皮高级别上皮内瘤变和食管鳞状细胞癌组织中LOH的变化,并就各位点杂合子缺失率与患者的临床病理参数分别进行单因素分析。结果 高级别上皮内瘤变中7个位点的LOH依次为D13S802(40%)、D9S171(33%)、D13S267(320%)、D13S221(31%)、D9S942(30%)和D17S520(240%),而D17S1798在本组上皮高级别上皮内瘤变中未发现杂合子缺失。在食管鳞状细胞癌组织中,上述7个位点的LOH率依次为D13S267(71%),D13S802(58%),D17S520(55%)、D13S221(45%)、D9S942(43%)、D9S171(33%)和D17S1798(11%)。应用SPSS软件对7个微卫星序列的等位基因LOH率与患者的病理学分级、临床病理分期及是否有淋巴结转移进行单因素分析,差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。结论 (1)从正常黏膜到上皮内瘤变再到食管鳞癌的发生过程中,同时伴随基因异常的逐步积累。(2)13q12.12上的D13S802附近可能存在着主要与食管鳞状细胞癌早期发生有关的抑癌基因。(3)13q12.3上的D13S267附近、17p13.1上的D17S520和17p13.3上的D17S1798附近的基因可能与食管     

食管鳞癌预后因素的病理学和免疫组织化学研究

目的 探讨食管癌组织病理学特征和免疫蛋白表达的预后价值。方法 检测９７例原发性食管鳞癌手术切除标本,对肿瘤组织病理学特征和免疫蛋白表达与患者生存期的关系进行单因素Ｋａｐｌａｎ Ｍｅｉｅｒ分析和多因素Ｃｏｘ分析。结果 单因素Ｋａｐｌａｎ Ｍｅｉｅｒ分析显示,低分化肿瘤、浸润性生长、肿瘤侵及外膜、间质无淋巴细胞浸润、淋巴结转移、高ＴＮＭ分期、表皮生长因子受体（ＥＧＦＲ）阳性表达和ｎｍ２３阴性表达与患者     

利用比较基因组杂交技术分析食管癌组织中染色体基因组的变化特征

目的　探讨河南食管癌高发区居民食管癌发生发展的基因组变化特征。方法　应用比较基因组杂交技术分析52例原发性食管癌患者染色体基因组变化,按临床分期、有无淋巴结及远处转移进行分组比较。结果　在食管癌中3q、8q、5p、1q、6q、18p、20q的染色体基因组扩增和3p、1p、9q、19p、4p、8p染色体基因组丢失频繁( >20% )。3q、5p、1q、11q13 14的染色体基因组扩增和4pq、13q染色体基因组丢失与食管癌病理分期相关(P<0 .05)。8q扩增和4p丢失与淋巴结转移相关(P<0. 05)。2p扩增和4pq、l1q14 qter的丢失与远处器官转移相关(P<0 .05)。结论　染色体3q、8q、5p、1q、6q、18p和20q部位可能存在与食管癌变密切相关的癌基因, 3p、1p、9q、19p、4p和8p可能存在与食管癌变密切相关的抑癌基因; 3q、5p、1q、11q13 14扩增和4pq、13q丢失与食管癌的发展相关,而8q、2p扩增和4pq、11q14 qter的丢失是食管癌发展的晚期事件与食管癌转移相关,不同的基因参与了淋巴结转移和远处器官转移。     

Human leukocyte antigen-DRB1*1501 and DQB1*0602 alleles are cervical cancer protective factors among Uighur and Han people in Xinjiang,China

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a major risk factor for cervical cancer. However, only some high risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV)-infected women progress to cervical cancer, host immunogenetic factors human leukocyte antigen (HLA) may account for viral antigens presenting individually or together in the progression to cervical cancer. This study examined the association between the development of invasive cervical cancer (ICC) and the determinant factors including HLA-DRB1*1501 and DQB1*0602, HR-HPV infection among Chinese Uighur and Han populations. Blood samples, cervical swabs and biopsies were obtained from 287 patients with ICC (192 Uighurs and 95 Hans) and 312 healthy controls (218 Uighurs and 94 Hans). HPV DNA was detected by PCR and HLA-DRB1*1501 and DQB1*0602 alleles were performed using PCR-SSP method. HPV16 infection rates was significantly higher among Uighur and Han with ICC as compared to healthy controls (OR = 58.317; 95% CI: 39.663-85.744; OR = 33.778; 95% CI: 12.581-90.691; P < 0.05 for all). HLA-DRB1*1501 (OR = 0.305; 95% CI: 0.115-0.813; P < 0.05) and HLA-DRB1*1501-DQB1*0602 haplotype frequencies (OR = 0.274; 95% CI: 0.086-0.874; P < 0.05) were significantly reduced in Han ICC. The HLA-DQB1*0602 frequency significantly decreased among Uighur women with ICC (OR = 0.482; 95% CI: 0.325-0.716; P < 0.05). Similar tendencies were observed for DQB1*0602 with HPV16-positive ICC (OR = 0.550; 95% CI: 0.362-0.837; P < 0.05). This study suggests that HLA-DRB1*1501 and DQB1*0602 alleles may influence the immune response to HPV16 infection and decrease the risk of ICC among Uighurs and Hans in Xinjiang, China.     

Identification of methylated-differentially expressed genes and pathways in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Methylation, as an epigenetic modification, can affect gene expression and play a role in the occurrence and development of cancer. This research is devoted to discover methylated-differentially expressed genes (MDEGs) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and explore special associated pathways. We downloaded GSE51287 methylation profiles and GSE26886 expression profiles from GEO DataSets, and performed a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. Totally, 19 hypermethylated, lowly expressed genes (Hyper-LGs) were identified, and involved in regulation of cell proliferation, phosphorus metabolic process and protein kinase activity. Meanwhile, 17 hypomethylated, highly expressed genes (Hypo-HGs) were participated in collagen catabolic process, metallopeptidase and cytokine activity. Pathway analysis determined that Hyper-LGs were enriched in arachidonic acid metabolism pathway, while Hypo-HGs were primarily associated with the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway. IL 6, MMP3, MMP9, SPP1 were identified as hub genes based on the PPI network that combined 7 ranked methods included in cytoHubba, and verification was performed in human tissues. Our integrated analysis identified many novel genetic lesions in ESCC and provides a crucial molecular foundation to improve our understanding of ESCC. Hub genes, including IL 6, MMP3, MMP9 and SPP1, could be considered for use as aberrant methylation-based biomarkers to facilitate the accurate diagnosis and therapy of ESCC.     

Mnk2蛋白水平与食管鳞癌预后的相关性

目的:检测丝裂原活化蛋白激酶相互作用激酶2(mitogen-activated protein kinase-interacting kinase-2,Mnk2)在食管鳞状细胞癌中的表达水平,并探讨其与患者生存预后的相关性。方法:收集临床食管鳞癌标本86例及癌旁正常食管组织54例,应用Western blot法和免疫组化SP法检测肿瘤组织及正常食管黏膜组织中Mnk2蛋白表达水平,并用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线和Cox比例风险回归模型的方法探究其与食管鳞癌患者预后的关系。结果:Mnk2在食管癌组织中呈高表达,并且Mnk2蛋白表达与食管鳞癌的TNM分期密切相关(P0.05),同时Mnk2蛋白高表达组的无疾病进展生存期和总生存期均少于Mnk2低表达组,多因素分析提示Mnk2是食管鳞癌的独立预后因子。结论:Mnk2在食管鳞癌组织中的表达与TNM分期有关,同时可作为预测食管鳞癌患者预后的指标。     

安阳地区不同食管鳞癌标本HPV感染率的比较研究

目的 对安阳地区的食管鳞癌新鲜手术标本和石蜡标本进行HPV检测,比较两种不同标本来源食管鳞癌HPV感染检测结果,统计学分析二者之间的差异,并同其他区域检测结果进行比较,分析不同标本对检测结果的影响.方法 对安阳的23例新鲜手术标本及23例石蜡标本分别进行核酸提取;分别用通用引物PCR鉴定,并用人乳头瘤病毒核酸扩增分型检测试剂盒对样品进行分型检测;比较两种标本来源检测结果并进行统计分析;比较分析检测结果与其他地区检测结果的差异.结果 经检测新鲜标本HPV感染率为82.6％,其中HPV16型感染率34.8％,HPV18型感染率34.8％.石蜡包埋组织标本HPV感染率78.2％,其中HPV16型感染率30.4％,HPV18型感染率17.4％.结论 首次证明两种来源标本对HPV检测结果无显著性影响,均可作为检测HPV的样本,为HPV科研检测提供更广的标本来源.     

安阳地区不同食管鳞癌标本HPV感染率的比较研究

目的对安阳地区的食管鳞癌新鲜手术标本和石蜡标本进行HPV检测,比较两种不同标本来源食管鳞癌HPV感染检测结果,统计学分析二者之间的差异,并同其他区域检测结果进行比较,分析不同标本对检测结果的影响。方法对安阳的23例新鲜手术标本及23例石蜡标本分别进行核酸提取;分别用通用引物PCR鉴定,并用人乳头瘤病毒核酸扩增分型检测试剂盒对样品进行分型检测;比较两种标本来源检测结果并进行统计分析;比较分析检测结果与其他地区检测结果的差异。结果经检测新鲜标本HPV感染率为82．6％,其中HPV16型感染率34．8％,HPV18型感染率34．8％。石蜡包埋组织标本HPV感染率78．2％,其中HPV16型感染率30．4％,HPV18型感染率17．4％。结论首次证明两种来源标本对HPV检测结果无显著性影响,均可作为检测HPV的样本,为HPV科研检测提供更广的标本来源。     

Significance of elevated ERK expression and its positive correlation with EGFR in Kazakh patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) are activated by the MAPK pathway. ERKs are downstream effectors of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which belongs to the receptor tyrosine kinases family. Studies on the activation of the EGFR-ERK pathway in Kazakh patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have not been reported. Using immunohistochemical staining on tissue microarrays, we investigated the protein expression of EGFR and ERK in 90 ethnic Kazakh patients with ESCC and 48 adjacent normal esophageal tissues (NETs). EGFR and ERK1 expression was localized in the cytoplasm, whereas ERK2 expression was localized in the nucleus. Both were more highly expression in the ESCC tissues than in the NETs, and the difference was considered significant (P = 0.003, 0.002, and 0.005, respectively). ERK1 and EGFR expression was positively correlated with lymph nodes metastasis (P = 0.011 and 0.013, respectively). ERK1 staining was also significantly associated with tumor-node-metastases stage of ESCC (P = 0.044). ERK2 staining was significantly associated with Histological grade (P = 0.012). Furthermore, ERK1 and EGFR expression in the ESCC tissues were positively correlated (r = 0.413, P < 0.001); EGFR was more highly expressed in the ESCC tissues with high ERK1 expression than in the ESCC tissues with low ERK1 expression (4.95 ± 0.57 vs. 3.21 ± 0.35, P = 0.01). This study is thus far the first to demonstrate the correlation between EGFR overexpression and ERK overexpression in Kazakh patients with ESCC. This correlation suggests that the EGFR-ERK signaling pathway participates in ESCC progression and can thus be used as a prognostic marker.     

Expression of Wnt11 and Rock2 protein with clinical characteristics of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Kazakh and Han patients

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most malignancies with a very poor outcome in China. Wnt11 and Rock2, new identified proteins highly associated with metastasis of many cancers, which were never reported in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Here we measured the expression levels of Wnt11 and Rock2 in tissues from 265 patients with ESCC. Immunohistochemical staining was employed to detect the correlation of Wnt11 and Rock2 expression with clinicopathological features. Methods: The expression of Wnt11 and Rock2 was detected by immunohistochemistry in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas and normal esophageal tissues. A chi-square test was used to assess the statistical significance of the correlations between Wnt11, Rock2 expression and different clinicopathological parameters, respectively. Results: The high-expression of Wnt11 and Rock2 was observed in ESCCs. Seventy-five cases of ESCC (51.7%) showed a positive expression of Wnt11, which indicated a significant association with the AJCC stage (P=0.007). Ninety-eight cases of ESCC (65.5%) showed a positive expression of Rock2, which indicated a significant association with ethnic background. There were no close correlations between Rock2 expression and gender, tumor location, AJCC stage, lymph node metastasis. Specifically, the expression of Rock2 was significantly different between Hans and Kazaks ethnicities (P=0.000). In Kaplan-Meier curve analysis, no significant correlation was observed between the expression of Wnt11, Rock-2 and the poor prognosis of ESCCs. Conclusion: Our finding suggests that the over-expression of Rock2 may play an important role in the carcinogenesis and progression, and may become a new underlying molecular marker in the diagnosis and treatment in ESCC.