Photodynamic therapy for retinal angiomatous proliferations and pigment epithelium detachment

PURPOSE: To evaluate results of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin for subfoveal neovascular age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) with retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP) and pigment epithelial detachment (PED). DESIGN: Interventional case series. METHODS: Thirteen eyes (11 stage 2 and 2 stage 3 RAP) underwent PDT. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fluorescein and indocyanine-green angiography were performed to evaluate the outcome. RESULTS: After 13.5 +/- 2.5 months and 1.7 +/- 0.4 treatments, mean BCVA decreased from 20/73 to 20/174 (P = .04). Occlusion of RAP and flattening of PED was observed in three eyes, and persistence of PED in six. Two eyes deteriorated to disciform lesions, one developed hemorrhagic PED, and one evolved toward stage 3 RAP. Three eyes, with PED exceeding 50% of the entire lesion, developed retinal pigment epithelium tear. CONCLUSIONS: PDT might prove effective for neovascular ARMD with RAP and small PED, whereas it might cause acute retinal pigment epithelium tear for RAP with PED exceeding 50% of the lesion.     

Vascularized retinal pigment epithelial detachment in age-related macular degeneration: treatment and RPE tear incidence

Background

To review vascularized-pigment epithelial detachment (V-PED) treatment visual outcome, and to assess acute retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tear incidence.

Methods

One hundred and thirty-two eyes of 125 consecutive patients with age-related macular degeneration and V-PED were included. Ninety-four eyes (71.2%) were associated with choroidal new vessels (CNV), 38 (28.8%) with retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP). Patients, treated over a 10-year period with the time-current therapy, received: verteporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT) (group 1, 38 eyes), combined intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) and PDT (group 2, 44 eyes) or intravitreal anti-VEGF injection (bevacizumab or ranibizumab) (group 3, 50 eyes).

Results

Mean follow-up was 20.5?months. At month 12, all eyes treated with PDT or with IVTA and PDT showed a mean significant severe visual decrease. Eyes with CNV lost ?0.67 and ?0.37 logMAR (p?p?p?p?=?0.01 respectively). RPE tear occurred in 14 eyes (36.8%) and in six eyes (13.6%) in groups 1 and 2 respectively. Eyes treated with anti-VEGF therapy showed slight mean visual acuity decrease at month 12. Those with CNV had a mean baseline best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 0.36 ±?0.24 logMAR, final of 0.44 ±?0.30 logMAR (?0.08 logMAR, n.s.). In eyes with RAP, mean baseline BCVA was 0.58 ±?0.39 logMAR, final was 0.78 ±?0.47 logMAR (?0.20 logMAR, n.s.). RPE tear occurred in 14 eyes (36.8%). Patients with either V-PED with CNV or a better baseline BCVA showed greater risk of acute RPE tear (p?=?0.01 and p?=?0.003 respectively).

Conclusions

Effective treatment for vascularized PED is still lacking. Until now, only stabilization of the disease has been achieved using anti-VEGF therapy, but the risk of RPE tear can further hamper our expectations. Baseline characteristics are helpful for prognosis, but patients must be informed of the uncertain response. New therapeutic strategies are needed.     

Safety enhanced photodynamic therapy with half dose verteporfin for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: a short term pilot study

AIM: To evaluate short term safety of an enhanced photodynamic therapy (PDT) protocol with half dose verteporfin for treating chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). METHODS: 20 eyes of 18 patients with symptomatic chronic CSC underwent PDT using 3 mg/m2 verteporfin. Verteporfin was infused over 8 minutes followed by indocyanine green angiography guided laser application 2 minutes later. Serial optical coherence tomography (OCT) and multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) recordings were performed before PDT, at 4 days, 2 weeks, and 1 month after PDT. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), OCT central retinal thickness, and mean mfERG response amplitudes and peak latencies were compared longitudinally. Subgroup analysis was further performed for eyes with or without pigment epithelial detachment (PED). RESULTS: At 1 month after PDT, the median BCVA improved from 20/40 to 20/30 (p = 0.001). The mean central retinal thickness also reduced from 276 microm to 158 microm (p < 0.001) and 17 (85%) eyes had complete resolution of serous retinal detachment and/or PED. MfERG showed no significant changes in the mean N1 and P1 response amplitude and latency for all eyes. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that eyes without PED had a significant increase in the mean central mfERG P1 response amplitude with reduction in P1 peak latency at 1 month post-PDT. For eyes with PED, transient reduction in the mean central P1 response amplitude was observed at 4 days post-PDT. CONCLUSIONS: The modified safety enhanced PDT protocol with half dose verteporfin appeared to be a beneficial treatment option for patients with chronic CSC, especially in eyes without serous PED. Further controlled study is warranted to demonstrate the long term safety and efficacy of this treatment option.     

Photodynamic therapy in retinal angiomatous proliferation stage I

PURPOSE: To report a case of photodynamic therapy (PDT) treatment in an 85-year-old patient with retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP) stage I. METHODS: According to Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration with Photodynamic Therapy and Verteporfin in Photodynamic Therapy study guidelines, two sessions of PDT with verteporfin were performed, which was activated by a diode laser light at 690 nm. RESULTS: The left eye was treated with PDT because of RAP stage I. Even in the early stage of RAP, PDT treatment did not alter the natural course of the disease. In particular, the lesion evolved towards stage III, being initially in stage I, with the final result of development of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) tear after the second session of PDT treatment. CONCLUSIONS; Even in the early stage of RAP, PDT treatment did not alter the natural course of the disease, with the final result of RPE tear after the second session of PDT treatment.     

Retinal pigment epithelial tear following photodynamic therapy for choroidal neovascularization secondary to AMD

PURPOSE: To describe retinal pigment epithelial tear following photodynamic therapy (PDT) for subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). DESIGN: Retrospective interventional case series. METHODS: A retrospective study in an institutional practice. We describe seven cases of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) tear, which developed in seven eyes of seven patients following PDT. All eyes had subfoveal CNV secondary to AMD. RESULTS: Six eyes had occult subfoveal CNV, and one eye had recurrent classic subfoveal CNV. In five patients, the eye that developed the tear was the second eye, whereas the first eye had a disciform scar. In four eyes, the RPE tear developed after one PDT, in one eye the RPE tear developed after the second PDT, and in two eyes the RPE tear developed after the third PDT. In five of seven cases, there was a significant visual deterioration following the RPE tear. CONCLUSIONS: RPE tear is a complication that may occur following PDT in particular when the PDT is applied to an occult subfoveal CNV.     

Safety enhanced photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: one-year results of a prospective study

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of a safety enhanced photodynamic therapy (PDT) protocol with half-dose verteporfin for treating chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). METHODS: Forty-eight eyes of 48 patients with symptomatic chronic CSC underwent indocyanine green angiography guided PDT with half dose (3 mg/m) verteporfin. Outcome measures included logMAR best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness, and angiographic changes during the 12-month study period. RESULTS: The mean CSC duration was 8.2 months (range, 3-40 months). At 12 months after PDT, the mean logMAR BCVA improved from 0.31 to 0.15 (P < 0.001). The mean improvement was 1.6 lines and 45 (95.8%) eyes had stable or improved vision. Eyes without pigment epithelial detachment (PED) had significantly greater visual improvement compared with eyes with PED (P = 0.031). Patients with CSC of 6 months or less or younger than 45 years were more likely to gain vision by two or more lines after treatment (P = 0.007 and P = 0.018, respectively). Forty (83.3%) eyes had complete resolution of serous detachment at 3 months, with 43 (89.6%) eyes at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: The safety enhanced PDT protocol appeared to be beneficial for patients with chronic CSC. Further controlled study is warranted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of this treatment option.     

应用1/3剂量光动力学疗法治疗急性CSC

观察1/3剂量光动力学疗法（photodynamic therapy, PDT）治疗急性中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变（central serous chorioretinopathy, CSC）的短期疗效。 方法：选取急性CSC患者26例26眼,行单次1/3量维替泊芬（2mg/m2）进行PDT治疗,术前和术后1,4,12wk进行最佳矫正视力和OCT的检测,且于术前、术后4wk和12wk进行眼底荧光素血管造影（FFA）,吲哚青绿血管造影（ICG）检查,观察治疗的有效性和安全性。 结果：术后1wk,26眼中有20眼（77%）视网膜下积液吸收,其余6眼（23%）视网膜下液部分吸收;术后4wk,26眼视网膜下积液全部吸收,22眼荧光渗漏完全消失,脉络膜血管高渗透性消失;术后12wk,26眼均病情平稳,无复发。治疗后1wk,最佳矫正视力从术前平均0.41升高至0.80。随访期间26眼均未见任何不良反应。 结论：1/3剂量PDT治疗急性 CSC短期内安全有效     

Long-term visual outcome of pigment epithelial tears in association with anti-VEGF therapy of pigment epithelial detachment in AMD

Purpose

Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tears may develop as a complication after anti-VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) treatment for pigment epithelial detachments (PEDs) in exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This retrospective study analyses best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and foveal involvement after RPE tears that are associated with anti-VEGF therapy due to PED in exudative AMD.

Methods

A total of 37 patients with RPE tears during anti-VEGF therapy (bevacizumab 12, ranibizumab 21 and pegaptanib 4 eyes) for progressive PED in AMD (PED with occult choroidal neovascularization 25 eyes and PED with retinal angiomatous proliferation 12 eyes) were included in this study. We analyzed BCVA and different morphologic aspects by means of appearance on fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography. Mean follow-up was 88 weeks.

Results

RPE tears were diagnosed a mean of 56 days after the first injection. BCVA deteriorated after RPE tear and during follow-up significantly (P<0.001), with 53.2% of eyes being legally blind (WHO, world health organization) at 12 months. RPE-free foveal area, foveal wrinkling of the RPE, and fibrotic scar development were significantly associated with worse visual acuity.

Discussion

RPE tears can be observed in 12–15% of treated eyes during anti-VEGF therapy for PED in exudative AMD. Owing to the close time relationship with the therapy, this complication must be taken into consideration. Visual prognosis is associated with a decrease in vision in the long term, often resulting in a severe visual disability. Relevant factors for a negative visual prognosis were the potential foveal involvement of the central RPE and morphologic fibrovascular transformation of the RPE tear.     

低剂量PDT治疗中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变

目的：观察低剂量光动力学疗法(photodynamic therapy, PDT)治疗中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(central serous chorioretinopathy, CSC)的短期疗效。

方法：选取急性CSC患者36例36眼,进行单次1/2量维替泊芬(3mg/m²)进行PDT治疗,分别于术前和术后1,4,12,24wk进行最佳矫正视力和OCT的检查,术前、术后4,24wk进行FFA和ICG检查。

结果：术后1wk,36眼中有27眼(75%)OCT显示视网膜下积液完全吸收,其余9眼(25%)视网膜下液部分吸收; 术后4wk,36眼视网膜下积液全部吸收,FFA+ICG示36眼荧光渗漏完全消失,脉络膜血管高渗透性消失; 术后12～24wk,36眼无复发。治疗后4wk,最佳矫正视力从术前平均0.52提高至0.80。随访期间36眼未见任何不良反应。

结论：低剂量PDT治疗CSC短期内安全有效,能缩短病程,显著提高视力。     

Retinal pigment epithelial tears after intravitreal bevacizumab injection for neovascular age-related macular degeneration

PURPOSE: To study retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tears after off-label intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin; Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA) injection for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Eyes with a vascularized pigment epithelial detachment (PED) that developed an RPE tear were compared with eyes with a vascularized PED but without an RPE tear. METHODS: Nine retina specialists across the United States and in Europe participated in this retrospective case series. All eyes that received intravitreal bevacizumab injection for choroidal neovascularization (CNV) over 12 months (October 2005 to September 2006) were included. Eyes without all three confirmed tests (fluorescein angiography, fundus photography, and optical coherence tomography) were excluded from analysis. Statistical analyses were performed on multiple characteristics of eyes with a vascularized PED that did and did not develop an RPE tear. RESULTS: Among 2,785 intravitreal bevacizumab injections for 1,064 eyes, RPE tears were found in 22 eyes in 22 patients (2.2%). A vascularized PED was present in 21 of 22 eyes that developed an RPE tear (17.1% of PED eyes; 15, 100% occult CNV; 6, predominantly occult CNV). Mean interval from bevacizumab injections to RPE tears was 37.3 days. Mean follow-up time was 124.9 days. Mean subfoveal PED size was larger for eyes with tears than for those without tears (13.97 mm vs 9.9 mm, respectively; P = 0.01; odds ratio, 1.09). There was substantially smaller mean ratio of CNV size to PED size for eyes with tears than for those without tears (27.9% vs 67.6%, respectively; P = 0.005). Mean pre-bevacizumab injection best-corrected Snellen visual acuity was 20/162, and mean post-RPE tear best-corrected visual acuity was 20/160 (P = 0.48). CONCLUSION: Large PED size is a predictor for RPE tears, and a small ratio of CNV size to PED size (<50%) is more common in eyes with RPE tears. Vision may be preserved despite RPE tears.     

The relationship between pigment epithelial detachment and visual outcome in neovascular age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy

Background/objectivesTo compare the detailed optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based morphological parameters of pigment epithelial detachment (PED) in eyes presenting with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), and to assess whether these PED-associated parameters influence 1-year visual outcomes.Subject/methodsWe analysed images from a prospective observational study of treatment-naive Asian participants with nAMD or PCV. An independent reading centre graded baseline morphological features of PED on spectral-domain OCT, including greatest height, greatest width, greatest volume, morphology (predominantly dome shaped versus peaked), presence of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tear and cholesterol bands. The influence of these baseline features on 12 months best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was evaluated.ResultsSeventy-eight eyes of 78 participants with PED were studied. In total, 40 (51.3%) participants had nAMD and 38 (48.7%) had PCV. Eyes with PCV, compared with nAMD, had PED of greater height (455.9 µm versus 389.9 µm; P = 0.035) and had higher prevalence of RPE tear (22.9 versus 5.3%; P = 0.041). In the multivariate analysis, only baseline BCVA was significantly associated with month 12 BCVA, but none of the PED-associated OCT parameters at baseline influenced month 12 BCVA.ConclusionsDespite the differences in PED height and prevalence of RPE tear between nAMD and PCV, none of these PED morphological factors on OCT at baseline significantly influenced visual outcome at 12 months.Subject terms: Predictive markers, Medical imaging     

Photodynamic therapy with verteporfin for choroidal neovascularization associated with retinal pigment epithelial detachment in age-related macular degeneration

PURPOSE: To assess the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin for choroidal neovascularization (CNV) associated with retinal pigment epithelium detachment (PED) in age-related macular degeneration. METHODS: Thirty eyes of 26 patients with CNV and PED were treated with PDT. The eyes were divided in two groups based on CNV location in relation to PED; group 1 included 13 eyes with CNV within PED, and group 2 included 17 eyes with CNV at the edge of PED. The median follow-up was 16 months. RESULTS: Patients received a mean +/- SD of 2.83 +/- 1.26 treatments (range, 1-6 treatments). In the whole cohort, the mean preoperative visual acuity changed from 20/144 (0.86 +/- 0.42 logarithm of minimal angle of resolution [logMAR]) to 20/182 (0.96 +/- 0.51 logMAR; P = 0.39) at month 18. Five eyes (16%) gained a mean of 1.5 Snellen lines from baseline. Twelve eyes (40%) lost a mean of 1.7 Snellen lines of visual acuity. Vision in 13 eyes (44%) remained stable. In group 1, the mean visual acuity at month 12 was 20/303 (1.18 +/- 0.51 logMAR) and significantly (P = 0.015) worse than that, 20/110 (0.74 +/- 0.42 logMAR), in group 2. CONCLUSION: PDT can improve or stabilize visual function in 60% of eyes with vascularized PED. CNV at the edge of PED appears to respond more favorably to PDT. Appropriate patient selection and prompt treatment are essential to obtain the best outcomes after verteporfin therapy.     

Treatment of choroidal neovascularization in central serous chorioretinopathy by photodynamic therapy with verteporfin

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin in the treatment of patients with choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). DESIGN: Open-label, two-center, noncomparative, prospective interventional case series. METHODS: Consecutive patients with subfoveal or juxtafoveal CNV secondary to CSC were recruited and treated with a standard regimen of PDT with verteporfin. At regular 3-month follow-up examinations, re-treatment was considered if fluorescein angiography showed evidence of leakage. Outcome measures included the proportion of patients who had improvement (gained 2 more lines), stable, or loss (dropped in 2 or more lines) in vision at the final follow-up and the changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from baseline. RESULTS: Ten eyes of 10 patients were recruited into the study. The mean age of the patients was 57.3 years with a mean follow-up duration of 12.6 months. At the last follow-up, six (60%) eyes gained 2 or more lines of BCVA with four (40%) patients having final BCVA of within 1 line. No patient lost 2 or more lines of BCVA. The mean logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution BCVA improvement after PDT was 2.4 lines (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, P =.013). No patient suffered serious ocular or systemic complications from PDT. CONCLUSIONS: Photodynamic therapy with verteporfin therapy is a safe and well-tolerated treatment in patients with CNV associated with CSC. A randomized, controlled trial with a longer follow-up period is warranted to further study the efficacy of PDT in the management of CNV secondary to CSC.     

Anatomical and visual outcome of retinal angiomatous proliferation treated with photodynamic therapy and intravitreal triamcinolone

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin combined with intravitreal triamcinolone (TA) in retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP). DESIGN: Retrospective, consecutive, noncomparative case series. METHODS: Patients newly diagnosed with RAP underwent indocyanine green angiography (ICGA)-guided PDT with verteporfin, immediately followed by intravitreal TA. Complete ocular examination, fluorescein angiography (FA), ICGA, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were performed at baseline and follow-up visits every three months. RESULTS: Seventeen eyes of seventeen patients underwent this simultaneous combined treatment. All patients had 12 months of follow-up. Complete resolution of angiographic leakage was achieved in 83% at 12 months. Visual acuity improved in 35%, and was stable in 47%. Eleven patients developed recurrent leakage after six to 12 months, which settled completely after repeat combined treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This simultaneous combined treatment in patients with RAP was effective in reducing or eliminating retinal edema, regression of neovascularization, and stabilizing or improving visual acuity.     

半剂量维替泊芬和半能量PDT治疗慢性中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变

目的　探讨使用半剂量维替泊芬和半能量激光的光动力学疗法（ｐｈｏｔｏｄｙｎａｍｉｃｔｈｅｒａｐｙ,ＰＤＴ）治疗慢性中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变（ｃｈｒｏｎｉｃｃｅｎｔｒａｌｓｅｒｏｕｓｃｈｏｒｉｏｒｅｔｉ-ｎｏｐａｔｈｙ,ＣＣＳＣ）的疗效和安全性。方法　分析２０１１年８月至２０１３年８月期间在我科就诊的ＣＣＳＣ患者２５例（３３眼）,所有患者接受静脉注射剂量为３ｍｇ?ｍ－２体表面积的维替泊芬和能量为２５Ｊ?ｃｍ－２的ＰＤＴ治疗,治疗后１个月、３个月、６个月和１２个月复查,重复进行ＢＣＶＡ、裂隙灯、间接眼底镜和ＯＣＴ检查,治疗后６个月复查眼底荧光血管造影检查。结果　末次随访时视力改善者３１眼、稳定者２眼,最佳矫正视力（０．１５±０．０９）ＬｏｇＭＡＲ,与治疗前的（０．５０±０．１８）ＬｏｇＭＡＲ相比差异有统计学意义（ｔ＝１０．３３４,Ｐ＜０．００１）;ＯＣＴ检查示,显效率在治疗后１个月、３个月、６个月和末次随访时分别为４８．５％、８４．８％、９３．９％和１００．０％。ＣＣＳＣ眼治疗后１个月黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度为（３９１．５３±１０１．１８）μｍ,与治疗前的（４８３．２１±８９．１３）μｍ相比明显降低（ｔ＝－３．９０２,Ｐ＜０．００１）,黄斑中心凹下平均脉络膜厚度随时间推移不断下降。治疗后６个月ＦＦＡ结果显示３３眼渗漏病灶均完全消失。未观察到复发、视网膜色素上皮萎缩、脉络膜新生血管形成等并发症发生。结论　使用半剂量维替泊芬和半能量ＰＤＴ治疗对于单纯黄斑区神经上皮脱离的ＣＣＳＣ是有效和安全的。     

Prediction of retinal pigment epithelial tear in serous vascularized pigment epithelium detachment

Purpose: The aim of the study was to identify predictive factors for detection of impending retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tears in patients under anti‐VEGF therapy for treatment of retinal pigment epithelial detachment (PED) due to exudative age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) using near‐infrared reflectance imaging (NIR), spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT) and fluorescein angiography (FLA). Methods: We retrospectively evaluated NIR, SD‐OCT and FLA images, number of intravitreal injections as well as demographical data of 103 eyes of 98 patients with vascularized PED [48.5% fibrovascular PED (fPED), 51.5% serous vascularized PED (svPED)] secondary to AMD. Results: Fifteen eyes with svPED of 103 included eyes (14.6%) developed an RPE tear under anti‐VEGF therapy. Prior to RPE tear formation, we could identify radial hyperreflective lines spreading in a funnel‐like pattern across the PED lesion in NIR images in 11 eyes correlating with folds in the RPE on corresponding SD‐OCT scans (mean observation period: 115.4 ± 66.6 days; mean number of injections: 3.2 ± 1.5; mean PED height 828.2 ± 356.5 μm). In nine RPE tears (81.8%), the edge of the tear could be clearly localized on the opposite side of the PED lesion in relation to the origin of hyperreflective lines. None of the fPED patients showed the described signal. Conclusions: Patients under anti‐VEGF therapy for treatment of svPED due to AMD frequently show radial hyperreflective lines in NIR images prior to RPE tear development that correspond to wrinkled changes in the RPE. Hyperreflective lines may serve as an indicator for an impending RPE tear in svPED patients.     

1/3量维替泊芬光动力学疗法治疗急性中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变

目的: 观察1/3量维替泊芬光动力学疗法(photodynam ic therapy,PDT)治疗中心凹下急性中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(central serous chorioretinopathy,CSC)的疗效。方法: 我院眼科门诊2010-05/2011-05确诊为急性CSC患者22例22眼,行单次1/3量维替泊芬光动力学治疗,术前和术后1,2,4wk及3mo进行光学相干断层扫描(optical coherence tomography,OCT)的检测,且于术前、术后4wk进行视网膜荧光造影(fundus fluorescein angiography,FFA)、脉络膜血管造影(indocyanine green angiography,ICGA)检查,观察治疗的有效性和安全性。结果: 术前22眼OCT均显示视网膜浆液性神经上皮脱离,造影中均存在明显荧光渗漏及脉络膜血管扭曲扩张弥漫荧光渗漏;术后1wk,OCT显示7眼视网膜下积液部分吸收;术后2wk时11眼视网膜下渗液完全吸收,术后4wk时22眼视网膜下渗液完全吸收,22眼FFA显示荧光渗漏消失,15眼ICG显示扭曲扩张的脉络膜血管管径形态有所改变,7眼脉络膜血管形态改变不明显。视力从术前平均0.5升高至0.9,视物变形情况22眼均明显改善。随访期间22眼均未见任何不良反应。结论: 1/3量维替泊芬PDT治疗急性CSC短期内安全有效。     

Thinning and small holes at an impending tear of a retinal pigment epithelial detachment

BACKGROUND: A tear of a retinal pigment epithelial detachment (PED) suddenly exposes a large area of bare Bruch's membrane. We report here the case of a patient whom we observed during the gradual, spontaneous development of a PED tear. METHOD: A 5.25-year case study of a 67-year-old woman with bilateral serous PEDs. RESULTS: Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) thinning or small holes were seen along the PED margin in both eyes. Fluorescein angiograms showed intense hyperfluorescence without leakage, and indocyanine green angiography showed choroidal vessels through regions of RPE thinning or small holes. Optical coherence tomographs showed an interruption of a hyperreflective band corresponding to retinal pigment epithelium. A typical tear of the PED ensued later. CONCLUSION: Multiple, small regions of RPE thinning or holes along the margin of PED can be a sign of an impending PED tear.     

Photodynamic therapy with verteporfin for juxtafoveal choroidal neovascularization secondary to pathologic myopia-1-year results of a prospective series

PURPOSE: To study the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin in the treatment of juxtafoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to pathologic myopia. METHODS: Prospective, open label, two-centre, noncomparative, interventional case series. Consecutive patients with juxtafoveal CNV associated with pathologic myopia were recruited and treated with a standard regimen of PDT with verteporfin. Patients were being followed up every 3-monthly and retreatment was considered when there was evidence of angiographic leakage. Outcome measures included changes in the mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at the 1-year follow-up when compared with the baseline, the proportion of patients who had stable (within 1 line) and improved visions. RESULTS: A total of 11 eyes from 11 patients with juxtafoveal CNV secondary to pathologic myopia were recruited and all completed the 1-year follow-up. The mean age at presentation was 44.8 years. The refractive error ranged from -6.0 to -15.0 D (+/-SD was -9.55+/-3.04 D). The logMAR BCVA improved from 0.57 to 0.39 at the 1-year follow-up (Wilcoxon signed-ranks test, P=0.027). The mean improvement was 1.8 lines. Five eyes (45.4%) had BCVA improved by >or=3 lines. None of the treated patients had visual loss of >or=1 line. The mean number of treatments over the 12-month study period was 2.3 sessions. CONCLUSIONS: The results are encouraging, especially on considering the low retreatment rate, stable or improved BCVA in all treated eyes, and consistently good safety profile. Juxtafoveal myopic CNV may be an expanded indication for PDT with verteporfin.     

Intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) in combination with verteporfin photodynamic therapy for choroidal neovascularization associated with age-related macular degeneration (IBeVe Study)

Background A novel alternative for combined treatment using verteporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as preliminary safety and efficacy data of the intravitreal use of the anti-angiogenic bevacizumab became available. In the current study we investigate the feasibility of intravitreal bevacizumab combined with verteporfin PDT for the treatment of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods A single-centre, prospective, open-label study of 11 patients with documented CNV progression after PDT treatment who underwent combined PDT and intravitreal injection of 1.5 mg of bevacizumab was undertaken. Standardized ophthalmic evaluation was performed at baseline and at weeks 1, 2, 12 and 24. Clinical evidence of complications and changes in logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts and in fluorescein leakage from CNV were evaluated. Results The mean (±SD) age of the 11 patients was 74 (±5) years. Seven eyes had been treated with one previous PDT session and four eyes had two previous PDT sessions. The mean baseline logMAR ETDRS BCVA was 1.031 (Snellen equivalent, 20/200⁻²). At follow-up weeks 1, 2, 12 and 24, the mean logMAR ETDRS BCVA (Snellen equivalent) was 0.944 (20/160⁻²), 0.924 (20/160⁻¹), 0.882 (20/160⁺¹), and 0.933 (20/160⁻²), respectively. The change in BCVA from baseline was significant at each study follow-up interval (P ≤ 0.001); at 12 and 24 weeks, the mean change in BCVA from baseline was an improvement of 1.49 and of 0.98 ETDRS line, respectively. Fluorescein leakage from CNV was absent in all eyes at week 12. One additional treatment session was required in seven (63.6%) eyes at week 24 due to recurrent fluorescein leakage from CNV (“minimum” [<50% of the leaking area noted at baseline], n = 4; and “moderate” [>50% of the leaking area noted at baseline], n = 3). No progression of the neovascular lesion was observed at week 24. No safety issues were identified throughout the period of the study. Conclusions The overall changes in vision and fluorescein leakage from CNV throughout the study suggest that a possible synergistic effect may arise from the combination of intravitreal bevacizumab with verteporfin PDT for the treatment of neovascular AMD. In terms of funding, this was an investigator’s driven study.