4K时代中日胃肠微创外科交流与协作

随着腹腔镜设备光学技术的发展,手术画面的质量获得较大提高,从而推动了日本胃肠肿瘤微创手术质量迅速提高。2017年《中华消化外科杂志》编辑委员会组织中国和日本的胃肠外科学专家成功举办“4K时代中日胃肠微创手术标准解读交流会”,希望通过会议交流、推广、普及中国与日本在腹腔镜胃肠微创手术领域的医疗技术。通过参加会议,笔者团队...     

消化道微创手术：砥砺前行30年

微创技术进入我国已经30年,随着微创手术的快速发展,腹腔镜视觉系统从标清到高清,再到超高清,从二维视觉到三维视觉,再到荧光显影导航。腹腔镜手术从良性病变脏器的切除或功能修复,到恶性肿瘤的根治,再到根治基础上更多功能保护,应用范围也已普及到消化外科各专科领域。笔者回顾微创技术过去30年的发展,总结经验,展望未来,以致敬与...     

微创胃肠外科现状的反思

Laparoscopic surgery for gastrointestinal neoplasms has made remarkable progress in the past 20 years.Laparoscopic surgery for patients with colon cancer is increasingly adopted by surgeons based on th...     

微创胃肠外科现状的反思

自1987年Mouret进行世界首例LC以来,以腹腔镜为基本技术的微创外科得到了迅猛的发展,成为外科发展史的一个里程碑。20年来,胃肠外科微创手术完成了从良性疾病向恶性肿瘤的过渡;微创理念深入人心,推广、普及非常迅猛,我国的胃肠微创手术水平跻身国际前列;微创胃肠手术已从精准化进入了功能化时代。然而,在遇到巨大发展机遇的同时我们也面临巨大的挑战,未来如何发展很大程度上取决于我们今天对微创胃肠外科现状的反思以及对未来的评估。     

理念革新:微创外科新视角

腹腔镜视觉平台的发展与革新,推动了整个外科从开腹手术到微创手术的理念革新与技术变革。从最初利用烛光反射镜装置窥视人体内部的内镜雏形,到高清、超高清腹腔镜视觉系统,从腹腔镜胆囊切除术,到腹腔镜下包括肿瘤根治手术在内的各类普通外科手术的普及与推广,外科手术因微创技术而发生巨大变革。进入新时代,3D、4K腹腔镜的应用,再次给微创外科带来新视角,从而推动手术朝着精准解剖和功能保护方向发展。未来,新型冠状病毒后疫情时代带来的理念革新,有可能使第5代移动通信技术加持下的虚拟现实技术和机器人手术,及在此基础上的远程医疗与远程教学成为微创外科发展的新视角。     

胃癌微创手术的进展

胃癌微创手术的进展北京肿瘤医院外科（１０００３６）郑国强王怡徐光炜胃癌术式的演变，反映了不同时代对胃癌的认识和胃癌治疗相关技术的发展和变化。随着内镜的广泛应用，早期胃癌已经构成临床胃癌的一个组成部分。对早期胃癌深入的病理学研究和良好的手术治疗效果，促...     

微创肿瘤手术临床研究结果的启示与思考:如何提高微创外科手术的质量控制

以腹腔镜微创技术为代表的肿瘤微创外科发展已近30年。尽管手术技术及操作流程不断进步,但近来的临床研究结果显示:微创手术在部分恶性肿瘤中的肿瘤学疗效仍有争议。无论真相如何,手术的质量控制至关重要。严格把握手术指征,为肿瘤患者提供最合适的治疗方式有助于手术质量控制与风险降低。通过构建系统化培训体系,规范微创手术操作可保证肿瘤微创手术的质量。针对新兴微创手术技术,以严谨、审慎的态度加以开展,对于手术质量控制尤为重要。在微创外科高度发展的今天,除继续"保持速度",还应更好地"保证质量"才能使微创手术给更多的肿瘤患者带来获益。     

中国微创胃肠外科发展的思考

腹腔镜技术在结直肠肿瘤与早期胃癌中的应用已经获得广泛的认同与开展。在我国,微创胃肠外科经历了上世纪90年代良性病变及功能修复性手术的第一阶段和本世纪初10年的恶性肿瘤手术的关键技术突破、技术规范、推广普及的第二阶段．目前已在全国几乎所有的大中型医院都得到开展：下一个10年或更长的时间内将如何发展,是摆在我们面前的关键问题。把握正确的方向．开拓视野,踏踏实实努力工作．提升我国胃肠外科的诊疗水平,是我们共同的责任与目标。     

3D和4K腹腔镜在结直肠手术中的应用优势与发展

近年来3D腹腔镜及4K腹腔镜等视觉平台系统的进步与应用,为腹腔镜结直肠手术的精准化治疗提供了必要的技术基础。3D腹腔镜与4K腹腔镜使层面的精确游离、系膜的完整解剖以及神经的精准保护成为可能,从装备工程科技发展的角度,为腹腔镜结直肠手术的安全性、肿瘤根治性提供了必要的保证。相信这些微创外科相关科技的不断创新发展,必将在今后一段时间内,对结直肠外科的技术进步,起到巨大的推动作用。     

高精度腹腔镜显像技术在微创胃癌手术中的精准应用与评价

高精度腹腔镜显像技术是近年来新兴的腹腔镜技术平台, 其主要包括3D腹腔镜、4K超高清腹腔镜以及吲哚菁绿近红外光成像等技术。在微创胃癌手术中, 这些技术能够重建出更真实、更直观的三维立体结构, 精准定位肿瘤和胃周淋巴结, 从而清晰暴露解剖层次, 为腹腔镜下胃周血管裸化、淋巴结清扫和消化道重建等手术操作提供便利。笔者结合团队的实践经验和国内外相关文献, 深入阐述高精度腹腔镜显像技术在微创胃癌手术中的最新进展, 分析该技术在临床应用中的优势及挑战, 旨在推动高精度腹腔镜显像技术在微创胃癌手术中的普及应用。     

微创时代食管外科的现状与思考

食管癌是全球常见的恶性肿瘤之一,外科治疗因可根治性切除肿瘤和显著改善患者的症状而成为食管癌治疗的首选方式.食管胸腔镜手术近年来发展迅速,因其具有微创、出血少、疼痛轻、术后并发症少及术后恢复快等独特优势,并且在淋巴结清扫范围、术后生存率等方面与开胸手术基本相同.因此,在有条件的医院,胸腔镜手术目前已成为治疗食管良性疾病和早期食管癌的首选术式.但由于胸腔镜食管癌切除术与传统手术比较在操作上有许多不同点与难点,国内微创食管外科的发展现状总体来讲还处于不平衡阶段,开展较好的单位已经成为一种常规的术式,但绝大多数医院仍未开展这项手术.通过对食管胸腹腔镜手术发展历程及现状的总结,提出对微创食管外科的一些思考.     

Inconsistent reporting of minimally invasive surgery errors

Introduction

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is a complex task requiring dexterity and high level cognitive function. Unlike surgical ‘never events’, potentially important (and frequent) manual or cognitive slips (‘technical errors’) are underresearched. Little is known about the occurrence of routine errors in MIS, their relationship to patient outcome, and whether they are reported accurately and/or consistently.

Methods

An electronic survey was sent to all members of the Association of Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland, gathering demographic information, experience and reporting of MIS errors, and a rating of factors affecting error prevalence.

Results

Of 249 responses, 203 completed more than 80% of the questions regarding the surgery they had performed in the preceding 12 months. Of these, 47% reported a significant error in their own performance and 75% were aware of a colleague experiencing error. Technical skill, knowledge, situational awareness and decision making were all identified as particularly important for avoiding errors in MIS. Reporting of errors was variable: 15% did not necessarily report an intraoperative error to a patient while 50% did not consistently report at an institutional level. Critically, 12% of surgeons were unaware of the procedure for reporting a technical error and 59% felt guidance is needed. Overall, 40% believed a confidential reporting system would increase their likelihood of reporting an error.

Conclusion

These data indicate inconsistent reporting of operative errors, and highlight the need to better understand how and why technical errors occur in MIS. A confidential ‘no blame’ reporting system might help improve patient outcomes and avoid a closed culture that can undermine public confidence.     

Role of minimally invasive techniques in gastrointestinal surgery: Current status and future perspectives

In recent years, the incidence of gastrointestinal cancer has remained high. Currently, surgical resection is still the most effective method for treating gastrointestinal cancer. Traditionally, radical surgery depends on open surgery. However, traditional open surgery inflicts great trauma and is associated with a slow recovery. Minimally invasive surgery, which aims to reduce postoperative complications and accelerate postoperative recovery, has been rapidly developed in the last two decades; it is increasingly used in the field of gastrointestinal surgery and widely used in early-stage gastrointestinal cancer. Nevertheless, many operations for gastrointestinal cancer treatment are still performed by open surgery. One reason for this may be the challenges of minimally invasive technology, especially when operating in narrow spaces, such as within the pelvis or near the upper edge of the pancreas. Moreover, some of the current literature has questioned oncologic outcomes after minimally invasive surgery for gastrointestinal cancer. Overall, the current evidence suggests that minimally invasive techniques are safe and feasible in gastrointestinal cancer surgery, but most of the studies published in this field are retrospective studies and case-matched studies. Large-scale randomized prospective studies are needed to further support the application of minimally invasive surgery. In this review, we summarize several common minimally invasive methods used to treat gastrointestinal cancer and discuss the advances in the minimally invasive treatment of gastrointestinal cancer in detail.     

Development of pediatric minimally invasive surgery in mainland China

Pediatric laparoscopic surgery has developed rapidly in the past 20?years in mainland China with the help of international collaborative training programs. High-volume laparoscopic workload has enabled Chinese pediatric surgeons to innovate and gain experience within a short span of time. We feel that outcomes are comparable or even in some cases superior to that of open surgery. In this article, based on the Storz Lecture to the 65th BAPS Congress in Liverpool, we share our experience of this rapid development of pediatric laparoscopy.

Outcomes assessment and minimally invasive surgery

Background: Outcomes assessment is being used increasingly to shape practice patterns in all areas of medicine. Although outcomes assessment is not a new concept, the widespread application of outcomes measurement for modifying practice is novel. Instead of focusing on results of interventions in highly controlled environments, outcomes studies usually report results as they occur in uncontrolled, real-world environments. Recently, the Society of American Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) has initiated a society-wide initiative to monitor outcomes in patients undergoing various laparoscopic operations. Methods: Pertinent literature is reviewed as it relates to outcomes assessment. The historical background underpinning the modern interest in outcomes is outlined. Definitions of terms useful for understanding outcomes research are given. The impact of outcomes assessment on minimally invasive surgery, both positive and negative, are examined. The SAGES outcome initiative is introduced. Conclusions: Although outcomes studies usually do not provide information on the causes of observations made, they have gained in popularity because they provide information about patient perceptions of disease, disability, and treatment. Minimally invasive surgical procedures often are reported in terms of outcomes assessment because a controlled clinical trial was rendered impossible by early and widespread application of laparoscopic surgery. The SAGES outcomes initiative will provide the necessary tools for the participation of surgeons in the process of practice profiling. Received: 17 December 1999/Accepted: 4 April 2000/Online publication: 29 August 2000     

微创食管癌切除术应注意的问题

食管癌居全球常见恶性肿瘤发病率的第8位,是一种严重威胁人类健康的消化系统肿瘤.开放食管切除和区域淋巴结清扫是治疗局限性食管癌的标准手术方式,但手术并发症发生率和病死率较高.与传统开放手术比较,微创食管癌切除术(MIE)具有出血量少,并发症发生率低,住院时间短等优势,而肿瘤切除、淋巴结清扫及术后病死率与开放手术相当.结合第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所全军胸外科研究所的临床经验,展开讨论对MIE手术指征和禁忌证的把握,手术方式和径路的选择,手术体位的选择,术后并发症的预防,以及MIE的学习和掌握,以期有助于MIE的推广和普及.