急性冠脉综合征患者GRACE评分与冠脉病变的相互关系

目的 探讨急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者全球急性冠状动脉事件注册（GRACE）评分与冠状动脉病变程度的关系,评价GRACE评分对冠状动脉病变预测的价值.方法 收集2008年5月至2010年10月住院的ACS患者共360例,对其进行GRACE评分.以评分差异分组,分为高危组、中危组和低危组,分析不同组别中患者冠状动脉病变的严重程度,以及与GRACE评分的关系.结果 随着GRACE评分分值的增加,ACS患者冠状动脉狭窄支数及狭窄程度呈增加的趋势.结论 GRACE评分对ACS患者冠状动脉病变支数、狭窄严重程度有一定的预测价值.     

Relation between the GRACE score and severity of atherosclerosis in acute coronary syndrome

BackgroundPatients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome are heterogeneous in terms of clinical presentation and immediate- and long-term risk of death or non-fatal ischemic events. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score and severity of coronary artery disease angiographically evaluated by Gensini score in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome.MethodsA total of 245 patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome were enrolled to the study. Based on the GRACE risk score classification system, the patients were divided into low- (n = 97, 39.6%), intermediate- (n = 84, 34.3%), and high- (n = 64, 26.1%) risk groups. All patients underwent coronary angiography within five days after admission.ResultsThe Gensini scores were 26 ± 29 in the low-risk group, 29 ± 19 in the intermediate-risk group, and 38 ± 23 in the high-risk group (p = 0.016). The low-risk group was significantly different from the high-risk group (p = 0.013), and the difference from the intermediate-risk group almost reached significance. Normal, noncritical, one and two, or multivessel disease were identified in 15 (6.1%), 31 (12.7%), 75 (30.6%), and 124 (50.6%) patients, respectively. The prevalence of multivessel disease was 28% in the low-risk group, 30% in the intermediate-risk group, and 42% in the high-risk group. The high-risk group was significantly different from the low-risk group (p < 0.01).ConclusionOur study demonstrates that the GRACE score has significant value for assessing the severity and extent of coronary artery stenosis in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome.     

残余冠状动脉病变评分对急性冠状动脉综合征患者PCI术后预后的评估作用

目的应用SYNTAX评分系统(SS)对急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)后残余病变进行定量评估,探讨其对ACS患者PCI术后长期预后的评估作用。方法纳入2014年1月至2015年5月兰州大学第一医院心脏中心诊治的ACS患者782例,根据其PCI术前及术后冠状动脉造影结果,分别计算基线SYNTAX积分(b SS)和残余SYNTAX积分(r SS),根据r SS分为完全血运重建组(CR组,r SS=0)和不完全血运重建组(IR组,r SS0),IR组分为低危组(0r SS≤4)、中危组(4r SS≤8)和高危组(r SS8),随访术后14个月终点事件发生率,随访终点包括:MACCE事件(全因死亡、非致死性心肌梗死、再次血运重建、脑卒中),心源性死亡率。比较各组终点事件发生率及无事件生存率,分析终点事件的危险因素,以及r SS对终点事件的预测能力。结果成功随访676例,失访106例。(1)与完全血运重建组相比,不完全血运重建各组患者冠状动脉3支病变发生率及b SS更高,特别是r SS8的高危组患者,其合并冠状动脉3支病变、高血压发生率及b SS明显高于其他组(P0.05)。(2)不完全血运重建中危组及高危组患者MACCE事件发生率、全因死亡率、心源性死亡率、再次血运重建率较完全血运重建组及低危组升高(P0.05),而低危组与完全血运重建组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。(3)无事件Kaplan Meier生存曲线显示不完全血运重建各组患者无不良心血管事件生存曲线较完全血运重建组偏低,其中r SS8的高危组明显偏低(P0.001)。(4)终点事件多因素Logistic回归分析提示r SS是ACS患者PCI术后14个月左右多种不良心血管事件的独立预测因子,包括MACCE事件发生率、全因死亡率、心源性死亡率、再次血运重建率,且以r SS与上述终点事件所绘制ROC曲线结果提示r SS对上述心血管不良事件有良好的预测能力,同时发现r SS与术后心肌梗死无明显相关性。结论 r SS定量评估ACS患者PCI术后残余病变,是术后14个月左右多种不良心血管事件的独立预测因子,且r SS≤4的患者较r SS4患者预后更好,而r SS8的患者预后相对较差。     

非ST段抬高急性冠脉综合征患者心率震荡的变化

目的 探讨非ST段抬高急性冠脉综合征（NSTE-ACS）患者的GRACE评分、冠脉病变程度与心率震荡各指标之间的关系.方法 选择NSTE-ACS患者64例,定为NSTE-ACS组;同时选取71名健康者作为对照组.将NSTE-ACS组根据GRACE评分系统分为极高危组（24例）、高危组（21例）和低危组（19例）;根据冠状动脉病变累及范围分为左主干病变组（7例）、单支血管病变组（26例）、双支血管病变组（21例）和三支血管病变组（10例）;将冠脉造影结果按SYNTAX评分,分为高积分组（9例）、中积分组（25例）和低积分组（30例）.所有入选者行24h动态心电图检查,计算震荡初始值（TO）和震荡斜率（TS）,进行统计分析.结果 ①NSTE-ACS组TO明显高于对照组,TS明显低于对照组,两值比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.②NSTE-ACS组中GRACE评分极高危组、高危组、低危组各组TO、TS值比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.③单支病变组、双支病变组及左主干病变组TO值比较差异无统计学意义;三支病变组TO值明显升高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.TS值各组间比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.④SYNTAX评分高积分组、中积分组、低积分组各组TO、TS值比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 NSTE-ACS患者心率震荡减弱;GRACE评分越高,心率震荡减弱越严重;心率震荡与冠状动脉病变程度明显相关,冠状动脉病变累及支数越多,SYNTAX评分越高,心率震荡减弱越严重.     

胱抑素C改良的GRACE风险评分对急性冠状动脉综合征患者心血管事件的预测价值

目的 探讨入院时胱抑素C水平是否增强GRACE风险评分对急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）患者12个月心血管事件的预测价值.方法 回顾性分析我院2011年6月至2012年6月400例ACS患者入院时的胱抑素C水平和GRACE风险评分.通过绘制受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）,分析胱抑素C对心血管事件的预测价值和最佳界值,并根据Logistic回归分析中的OR值,确定胱抑素C在评分中的分值,建立胱抑素C改良的GRACE风险评分.通过计算ROC曲线下面积（AUC）比较胱抑素C改良的GRACE风险评分和常规的GRACE风险评分对心血管事件的预测价值.结果 ACS患者12个月内的心血管事件发生率为33.5％.胱抑素C水平对12个月内的心血管事件有良好的预测价值（AUC：0.706,95％ CI：0.631～0.780,P=0.000）,而且在Logistic回归分析中经GRACE风险评分校正后仍保留其预测价值.GRACE风险评分预测12个月心血管事件的AUC为0.623（95％ CI：0.545～0.701）,增加胱抑素C参数后,增强了GRACE风险评分对12个月心血管事件的预测价值（AUC0.721,95％ CI：0.650 ～0.792）,差异有统计学意义（Z=2,P=0.03）.结论 入院时胱抑素C水平可以增强GRACE风险评分对ACS患者12个月心血管事件的预测价值.     

The magnitude of percutaneous coronary intervention treatment in high and medium risk non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome

IntroductionCurrent ESC guideline supported invasive treatment of non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) is guided by GRACE risk model.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine whether the percutaneous coronary intervention treatment in (NSTE-ACS) ameliorates the long-term mortality assessed by GRACE risk score.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of a consecutive sample of 680 patients with (NSTE-ACS) treated by PCI in Heart Center of Semmelweis University. The GRACE risk score was calculated for each patient at admission. The mean of relative risk in each group was assessed and compared with the long-term clinical outcomes (observed 6-month mortality).ResultsThe mean of calculated GRACE amounts to 1.6% for low risk patients, 5.0% for medium risk patients, and 21.3% for patients with high risk. In contrast, the observed risk of 6-month death was 0.42% for low risk patients, 1.1% for medium risk patients, and 12.6% for patients with high risk. The difference between assessed and observed 6-month mortality in high risk and medium risk groups was significant (medium risk p = 0.004; high risk p = 0.0097). Observed risk of death in low risk patients was also lower, but not significant than assessed risk.ConclusionThe risk of death in patients with NSTE-ACS treated in a high volume center is significantly lower than predicted by the GRACE risk model. Our results suggest that percutaneous coronary intervention treatment guided by the GRACE risk model in medium and high risk patents with (NSTE-ACS) provides the greatest clinical benefit.     

急性冠状动脉综合征的急诊介入治疗

目的评价急诊冠状动脉内介入治疗急性冠状动脉综合征的疗效和安全性。方法急性冠状动脉综合征患者87例,男72例,女15例。年龄37～82岁。其中ST段抬高心肌梗死62例,非ST段抬高心肌梗死和不稳定型心绞痛25例,行急诊冠状动脉内介入治疗,分析其临床表现,冠状动脉病变特点,处理以及并发症和预后。结果87例患者共成功置入支架169枚,其中直接支架术53次,经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术加支架术116次。单纯冠状动脉腔内成形术22次。有16例患者行血管内超声指导冠状动脉内介入。手术成功率96．5％,住院期间死亡1例。随访5～22月,生存率98.8％,无事件生存率86．0％。院外猝死1例,心肌梗死1例,心绞痛再发10例。结论急诊冠状动脉内介入治疗急性冠状动脉综合征安全有效,有助于改善预后。     

急性冠状动脉综合征经皮冠状动脉介入治疗中无复流现象的处理

目的　分析急性冠状动脉综合征 (ACS)患者急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗 (PCI)术中无复流 (No Reflow)现象的原因、处理。方法　对 2 0 0 1- 0 6～ 2 0 0 3- 10经治的 72例ACS急诊PCI术中No -Reflow现象的冠状动脉的特点、可能原因、紧急处理及 1～ 2 8个月的结果进行分析。结果　 1例术后 4h死于反复室颤 ,1例术后 76h死于心力衰竭 ,5例术中出现急性冠脉闭塞表现 ,经过冠状动脉内注射合心爽、硝酸甘油、IABP后好转 ,3例存活至今 ,1例术后 2 8个月死于脑干出血。结论　ACS患者急诊PCI术中出现No Reflow现象时 ,过程凶险 ,预后差 ,病死率高 ,治疗应首选联合应用冠状动脉内注射合心爽 (地尔硫 艹卓)、硝酸甘油或主动脉内球囊反搏 (IABP)。     

标准剂量替格瑞洛不耐受的PCI术后患者减半剂量治疗的有效性及安全性

目的 针对急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)后标准剂量替格瑞洛治疗不耐受(表现为非严重出血或呼吸困难),探讨减半剂量治疗的有效性及安全性.方法 纳入使用标准剂量替格瑞洛(90 mg,2/d)不耐受的PCI后ACS患者70例,予以半量替格瑞洛(45 mg,2/d)治疗至PCI后12个月.检测应用半...     

视频密度阶差评价急性心肌梗死者急诊冠状动脉介入治疗前后心肌微灌注的临床研究

目的:结合校正的TIMI记帧计数(CTFC),探讨视频密度阶差(VDS)在评价急性心肌梗死者急诊冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)前后心肌微灌注中的应用价值。方法:计算120例急性心肌梗死行急诊PCI患者PCI术前后的CTFC和VDS,并统计患者急诊PCI前后的TIMI分级、左室射血分数、住院期间的心脏不良事件。结果:急诊PCI术前后VDS为10.2±3.8、20.8±7.6,术后显著高于术前(P<0.05);PCI后CTFC显著低于术前[(30.3±8.6)∶(22.4±5.6),P<0.05]。急诊PCI后:VDS明显低于冠状动脉造影正常者(P<0.05),CTFC与冠状动脉造影正常者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。VDS是住院期间心脏不良事件发生的独立相关因素。VDS≤20者的住院期间心脏不良事件发生显著高于VDS>20者和CTFC≤30者(P<0.05)。结论:VDS评价急性心肌梗死行急诊PCI者的心肌微灌注时较CTFC敏感性更高,可作为急性心肌梗死患者住院期间心脏不良事件发生的一个独立的预测指标。     

钙化积分与冠状动脉多支病变介入术后预后的相关性

目的 研究冠状动脉钙化积分（CCS）与冠状动脉多支血管病变患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）后近、远期预后的关系.方法 入选145例冠状动脉多支血管病变的冠心病患者,在PCI治疗前均接受了多排螺旋CT （MDCT）检查并计算CCS.根据CCS水平将患者分为三组：CCS≤100、CCS=101～400和CCS＞400组.记录患者PCI操作相关并发症,随访记录患者PCI术后主要不良心血管事件（MACE）情况.结果 CCS＞400组患者Syntax积分[（23.5＆#177;8.8）比（17.9＆#177;8.5）,P＜0.001]、三支血管病变的比率（75.4％比56.3％,P=0.015）和PCI操作相关并发症发生率（21.5％比5.0％,P=0.005）均显著高于CCS≤400组患者.所有患者随访360～2542 d（中位数952 d）,Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示CCS≤100、CCS=101～400和CCS＞400组患者累积无事件生存率差异无统计学意义（84.6％比78.0％比64.6％,P=0.141）.但女性患者中累积无事件生存率差异有统计学意义（100.0％比75.0％比50.0％,Log rank 6.836,P=0.033）.结论 在冠状动脉多支血管病变患者中CCS与PCI预后有关,CCS＞400提示较高的PCI并发症发生率.女性患者CCS越高PCI预后越差.     

替罗非班和急诊介入治疗富含血栓病变的心肌梗死

目的 观察国产血小板糖蛋白Ⅱb/Ⅲa受体拮抗药替罗非班对富含血栓病变的急性心肌梗死患者行急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术(primary percutaneous coronary intervention,pPCI)的疗效.方法 2004年1月～2006年10月,我院确诊急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死并接受pPCI 92例,急诊冠状动脉造影特征为梗死相关血管富含血栓病变,比较使用替罗非班组和对照组患者pPCI后靶血管心肌梗死溶栓治疗临床试验血流(thrombolysis in myocardial infarction,TIMI)3级例数,校正TIMI帧数(corrected TIMI Frame Count,CTFC),术后2 h抬高的ST段回落程度,心肌型肌酸激酶同工酶(MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase,CK-MB)峰值及峰值时间,无复流或慢血流现象发生率、住院期间及术后6个月主要心血管事件发生率.结果 两组患者一般临床基线特征差异无统计学意义.pPCI后梗死相关血管的TIMI 3级血流率差异未见统计学意义,但替罗非班组在反映心肌灌注水平的指标包括CTFC、术后2 h ST段回落率、CK-MB峰值及酶峰值时间均优于对照组,无复流及慢血流发生率及住院期间主要心血管事件发生率低于对照组,但住院期间出血并发症发生率则高于对照组.结论 对于富含血栓病变的急性心肌梗死患者pPCI再灌注治疗中联合应用替罗非班能减少无复流及慢血流现象的发生,并明显改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的心肌灌注,降低住院期间主要心血管事件发生率.     

慢性完全闭塞病变行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗结局影响因素分析及对临床-病变相关评分预测价值的评价

目的探索影响慢性完全闭塞(CTO)病变行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)结局的患者临床特点与冠状动脉造影(CAG)图像特征,对比日本多中心CTO注册中心(J-CTO)评分、临床-病变相关(CL)评分对PCI结局的预测价值。方法纳入2019年1月1日至2019年6月30日于首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院行CAG检查确诊CTO病变并尝试进行PCI的157例患者共162处病变。根据病变行PCI是否全部成功分为PCI成功患者组(121例)以及PCI失败患者组(36例),根据病变最终是否成功开通分为PCI成功组(125处)以及PCI失败组(37处)。收集患者临床及CAG病变特征资料,分析影响CTO-PCI成功的因素,采用CL评分及J-CTO评分分别对病变进行评价,比较预测价值差异。结果157例患者中男性130例(82.8%),平均年龄(60.0±9.7)岁,最终PCI成功开通CTO病变125处(77.2%)。PCI失败患者组既往CTO病变PCI失败(33.3%比16.5%,P=0.028)、既往PCI(47.2%比28.1%,P=0.035)比例显著大于PCI成功患者组,差异均有统计学意义。PCI失败组近端钝形纤维帽(56.8%比32.0%,P=0.006)、病变长度≥20 mm(67.6%比22.4%,P<0.001)、病变迂曲>45°(45.9%比16.0%,P<0.001)以及侧支循环Rentrop 0~1级比例(27.0%比9.6%,P=0.007),J-CTO评分[(2.24±1.01)分比(1.05±0.94)分,P<0.001]、CL评分[(3.01±1.22)分比(1.80±1.26)分,P<0.001]均高于PCI成功组,差异均有统计学意义。logistic多因素回归分析显示,病变长度≥20 mm(OR 0.216,95%CI 0.082~0.569,P=0.002)、近端钝形纤维帽(OR 0.232,95%CI 0.091~0.590,P=0.002)以及侧支循环Rentrop 0~1级(OR 0.299,95%CI 0.094~0.949,P=0.040)为PCI成功开通CTO病变的独立危险因素。CL评分及J-CTO评分预测PCI结局的受试者工作特征曲线下面积分别为0.749(95%CI 0.675~0.814)和0.794(95%CI 0.723~0.853),两者比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.260)。结论病变长度≥20 mm、近端钝形纤维帽以及侧支循环Rentrop 0~1级为PCI成功开通CTO病变的独立危险因素。在预测CTO-PCI结局方面,CL评分与J-CTO评分预测价值相当。     

合并2型糖尿病的急性冠脉综合征患者GRACE评分与冠脉病变严重程度的相关性研究

目的 探讨GRACE评分与合并2型糖尿病的急性冠脉综合征(acute coronary syndromes,ACS)患者冠状动脉病变相关性及相关程度。方法 选取2014年1月至2014年12月在沧州市中心医院住院治疗的合并有2型糖尿病的ACS患者262例,并对所有患者行急性全球急性冠脉综合征注册评分(GRACE评分),并根据评分结果分为低危组、中危组和高危组,比较3组患者临床参数差异,所有患者均行冠脉造影术,并根据造影结果采用Gensini积分对冠脉病变程度进行量化评价,同时记录冠脉病变支数,用Spearman相关分析GRACE评分与冠脉病变的关系,并用ROC曲线分析GRACE评分对三支或左主干病变的预测价值。结果 3组中年龄、心率、入院随机血糖、空腹血糖、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、心肌标志物、糖尿病病程、冠脉病变支数、弥漫性病变和Gensini积分的差异均有统计学意义,Spearman相关分析显示GRACE评分和Gensini积分呈正相关(r =0.651,R<0.001),GRACE评分危险分层和冠脉病变支数呈正相关(r =0.695 ,R<0.001),GRACE评分(ROC曲线下面积0.870,95％CI=0.826~0.914;R<0.001)比糖尿病病程(ROC曲线下面积0.627,95％CI=0.558~.696;R<0.001)对3支或左主干病变更有预测价值。结论 GRACE评分对急性冠脉综合征合并2型糖尿病患者的冠脉病变支数和病变程度有较好的预测价值。     

Determinants of use and outcomes of invasive coronary procedures in acute coronary syndromes: results from ENACT.

AIMS: To explore the variations in the use of invasive coronary procedures after acute coronary syndromes. METHODS AND RESULTS: In the ENACT registry, use of invasive procedures was analyzed as a function of hospital type, country and patient characteristics among 2768 patients with acute coronary syndromes (731 with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) within 12h of symptom onset, and 2037 with other acute coronary syndromes). Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was more likely to be performed in teaching than in community hospitals, and in hospitals with, rather than without, catheterization facilities. There were marked country-to-country variations in the use of PCI during the index hospital stay, ranging from 8 to 67% after STEMI (p<0.001) and from 9 to 44% after other acute coronary syndromes (p<0.001). The main independent predictors of the performance of PCI were the country rate of use of PCI and the hospital availability of PCI. For patients with other acute coronary syndromes, the risk of adverse events, assessed by the simplified TIMI-risk score, was not associated with PCI. Logistic regression analysis showed that lack of PCI was an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality (odds ratio (OR): 3.75, p<0.029) after other acute coronary syndromes, but not after STEMI. CONCLUSIONS: The use of PCI after acute coronary syndromes appears related more to local practice and hospital characteristics than to patients' characteristics or risk.     

TIMI, PURSUIT, and GRACE risk scores: sustained prognostic value and interaction with revascularization in NSTE-ACS.

AIMS: Regarding prognosis, patients with a non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are a very heterogeneous population, with varying risks of early and long-term adverse events. Early risk stratification at admission seems to be essential for a tailored therapeutic strategy. We sought to compare the prognostic value of three ACS risk scores (RSs) and their ability to predict benefit from myocardial revascularization performed during initial hospitalization. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied 460 consecutive patients admitted to our coronary care unit with an ACS [age: 63+/-11 years, 21.5% female, 55% with myocardial infarction (MI)]. For each patient, the Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI), Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa in Unstable agina: Receptor Suppression Using Integrilin (PURSUIT), and Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) RSs were calculated using specific variables collected at admission. Their prognostic value was evaluated by the combined endpoint of death or MI at 1 year. The best cut-off value for each RS, calculated with receiver operating characteristic curves, was used to assess the impact of myocardial revascularization on the combined incidence of death or MI. Death or MI at 1 year was 15.4% (32 deaths/49 MIs). The best predictive accuracy for death or MI at 1 year was obtained by the GRACE RS (AUC) [area under the curve: 0.715; confidence interval (CI: 0.672-0.756)] but the performance of the PURSUIT RS (AUC: 0.630; CI: 0.584-0.674), and TIMI RS (AUC: 0.585; CI: 0.539-0.631) was also good. We found a statistically significant interaction between the risk stratified by the best cut-off value for the GRACE and PURSUIT RSs and myocardial revascularization, with a better prognosis for the high-risk patients. The high-risk patients represented 36.7, 28.7, and 57.8% of the population, for the GRACE, PURSUIT, and TIMI RSs, respectively. CONCLUSION: The RSs studied demonstrated a good predictive accuracy for death or MI at 1 year and enabled the identification of high-risk subsets of patients who will benefit most from myocardial revascularization performed during initial hospital stay.     

The use of revascularization strategies in patients with acute coronary syndromes admitted to hospitals without catheterization facilities: Results from the ALERT-CZ registry

AimPercutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) became the standard of care for patients (pts) with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Czech Republic is among European countries with well developed networks of PCI and non-PCI hospitals. Ample data about PCI-treated pts is available from many registries. Much less is known about treatments and outcomes of ACS pts admitted to hospitals without cath-lab. ALERT-CZ registry was designed specifically to analyze these pts presenting to local non-PCI hospitals. The aim was to see, whether the ESC guidelines are implemented in these local, small hospitals.Methods and resultsA total of 6265 pts with first hospital admission for ACS has been enrolled in 32 Czech community hospitals without cath-lab during a 3-year period (7/2008–6/2011). The mean age was 69.7±12.3 years, 39.5% were females, 35.4% had known diabetes mellitus, 76.0% hypertension, 28.3% previous myocardial infarction and 12.0% previous stroke. Twenty-five percent pts had signs of acute heart failure (Killip II in 19.0%, Killip III in 4.8% and Killip IV in 1.1%). The discharge diagnosis was ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in 26.1%, non-STEMI in 53.1% and unstable angina pectoris (UAP) in 20.9%.Emergent interhospital transport to coronary angiography (CAG) and PCI within <12 h from symptom onset was indicated in 73.4% of STEMI pts, elective CAG was indicated in 15.9% of STEMI, CAG was not indicated in 9.9% of STEMI and 0.9% STEMI pts refused CAG. Among non-STE ACS pts CAG was performed within <24 h in 16.2%, between 24–72 h in 18.2%, later in 38.1%, not indicated in 22.7%, refused by pts in 4.8%. The median stay in the PCI center was 2.0 days and only 37% pts returned after CAG (±PCI) to the referring community hospital, the rest was discharged from PCI center directly to home.Among STEMI pts the median time intervals were: pain—first medical contact (FMC) 120 min, FMC—community hospital door 30 min, door-in–door-out for emergency transfer 23 min. Thrombolysis was used in 0.4% of STEMI—in rare situations when immediate transfer was logistically not possible.PCI was performed in 41.6% pts overall (65.9% STEMI, 35.8% non-STEMI and 26.4% UAP). CABG was performed in 2.9% pts overall (2.1%, 3.1% and 3.6% per diagnosis). Detailed pharmacotherapy data as well as indirect comparison with a separate PCI centers registry is beyond the space frame of this abstract and will be presented.The overall in-hospital mortality was 7.2%. Mortality per final diagnosis was 9.5% (STEMI), 8.7% (non-STEMI) and 0.5% (UAP). Mortality per age group was 16.2% (>80 years), 8.0% (70–80 years) and 2.4% (<70 years).ConclusionPatients presenting to non-PCI hospitals undergo revascularization procedures less frequently than those directly admitted to PCI centers. This may be related to baseline differences. The outcomes are influenced by these facts.     

GRACE危险评分与非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征患者冠状动脉病变的关系

目的探讨非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征（NSTE-ACS）患者GRACE危险评分与冠状动脉病变的关系,评价GRACE危险评分对冠状动脉病变预测的价值。方法收集2008年6月~2009年12月住院的NSTE-ACS患者154例,对其进行GRACE危险评分,以评分差异分组,分析不同组别中患者冠状动脉病变的特点及与GRACE危险评分之间的关系。结果随着GRACE危险评分分值的增加,冠状动脉狭窄的支数及程度呈增加趋势,冠状动脉病变的性质趋向于B型和C型。结论 GRACE危险评分对冠状动脉病变支数、严重程度、病变性质有一定的预测价值。