放射性125I粒子永久植入联合吉西他宾/5Fu治疗局部进展期胰腺癌初步观察

目的：探讨放射性^125I粒子植入联合化疗治疗进展期胰腺癌的临床价值。方法：前瞻性随机分组分析放射性^125I粒子永久植入联合化疗治疗进展期胰腺癌18例疗效，毒副反应及生存率。结果：放化疗组CR PR达38．9％(2 5／18)，对疼痛控制疗效显著(77．8％对50．0％)，与对照组比较有显著性差异(P＜0．05)。术后6个月，12个月生存率及中位生存时间显著提高。结论：放射性^125I粒子植入联合化疗对进展期胰腺癌，能控制肿瘤生长，缓解疼痛，改善忠者生活质量。是一种安全有效的肿瘤综合治疗手段。     

动脉灌注吉西他滨联合^125I粒子胰腺内植入治疗进展期胰腺癌

目的：探讨动脉灌注吉西他滨联合^125I粒子植入治疗进展期胰腺癌的临床价值。方法：43例进展期胰腺癌（APC）患者随机分成^125I粒子植入＋吉西他滨（GEM）治疗组（A组，n=18）和单纯吉西他滨化疗组（B组，n=25）。采用改良Dimension-averaging法计算相关放疗剂量。A组8例放置胆道支架解除黄疸，2例放置十二指肠支架解除十二指肠梗阻；B组15例行胆肠和／或胃肠吻合术，5例行ERCP解除黄疸。赔杲：CR＋PR率A组为61．1％，B组为32．0％（P〈0．05）。临床受益反应率A组为72．2％，B组为40．0％（P〈0．05）。3、6、12、18个月生存率A组为100％、94．4％、72．2％、61．1％，B组为100％、76．0％、32．0％、12．0％（P〈0．05）。结论：^125I＋GEM能缓解疼痛，改善APC患者的生存质量，提高生存率。     

放射性^125I粒子术中植入内放射治疗脑胶质瘤21例分析

目的：探讨放射性^125I粒子术中植入内放射治疗脑胶质瘤的的，临床效果。方法：选择脑胶质瘤患者21例，采用术中植入的方式把放射性^125I粒子置入脑胶质瘤周围，根据病人的临床表现及影像学检查判断病人是处于完全缓解，部分缓解，无变化，或者进展其中的哪个阶段，同时比较术前和术后28d患者血液学指标的差异。结果：21例患者术中放射性^125I粒子植入后3个月及6个月有效率（CR＋PR）分别为66．78％（14／21）和95．24％（20／21）。统计学分析，P〈0．05，差异有显著性意义，比较本组患者术前和术后第28天外周血红细胞数、血红蛋白量、血小板数、白细胞计数、中性粒细胞数、淋巴细胞数与术前相比差别无统计意义（P〉0．05）。结论：应用放射性^125I粒子植入技术治疗脑胶质瘤，可以增加局部肿瘤放疗刑量，并同时降低发生在正常脑组织的放射损伤和可能性，能够有效的控制肿瘤的生长，延长病人生命。     

肝切除加肝动脉置泵栓塞化疗联合^125I放射治疗肝癌24例

目的观察不规则肝切除加肝动脉置泵栓塞化疗联合^125I粒子植入放射治疗原发性肝癌的24例治疗效果。方法回顾性分析近10年来59例肝癌患者单纯肝切除与不规则肝切除加肝动脉置泵栓塞化疗联合^125I粒子植入放射治疗原发性肝癌的临床资料。结果单纯手术组与不规则肝切除加肝动脉置泵栓塞化疗联合^125I粒子植入放射治疗组1、3、5年术后复发率分别为67．2％＆37．5％、84．4％＆55．0％、94．8％＆72．5％，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。两组病人1、3、5年生存率分别为58．7％＆90％、41．1％＆72．5％、13．8％＆40％，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论不规则肝切除加肝动脉置泵栓塞化疗联合^125I粒子植入放射治疗原发性肝癌可明显降低术后复发率，提高生存率。     

射频消融术与^125Ⅰ放射性粒子植入联合区域性灌注治疗胰腺癌疗效观察

目的探讨射频消融术与^125Ⅰ放射性粒子植入联合区域性灌注治疗胰腺癌的临床效果。方法将105例胰腺癌患者随机分为两组,对照组55例采用射频消融术治疗,观察组50例采用^125Ⅰ放射性粒子植入联合区域性灌注化学疗法治疗,比较两组的临床效果。结果术后观察组患者疼痛程度轻于对照组（P〈0．01）;术后所有患者均接受长期随访,对照组生存时间≤2年者35例（63．6％）,3—4年者19例（34．5％）,≥5年者1例（1．8％）;观察组生存时间≤2年者17例（34．0％）,3～4年者36例（72．0％）,≥5年者7例（14．0％）;观察组患者3—4年生存率高于对照组（P〈0．01）;5年以上生存率也高于对照组（P〈0．05）。观察组患者并发症发生率低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论^125Ⅰ放射性粒子植入联合区域性灌注化学疗法治疗胰腺癌效果明显,可提高患者生存率。     

^125I粒子组织间植入联合化疗治疗肺癌后肿瘤标志物的观察

目的测定^125I粒子植入治疗前后肺癌患者血清CEA、CA125、NSE、CYFRA2。等肿瘤标志物水平,观察^125I粒子植入前后肿瘤标志物的变化,观察肿瘤治疗疗效分级与肿瘤标志物水平的关系。方法用放射免疫方法测定^125I粒子植入治疗肺癌患者前后血清中CEA、CA125、NSE、CYFRA2。的浓度。结果^125I粒子植入1个月后,肺癌患者血清中CEA、CA125、NSE、CYFRA21-1等肿瘤标志物与植入前比较即出现显著性变化（P〈0．01）,^125I粒子植入后1、3、6个月上述肿瘤标志物水平比较差异无统计学意义;肿瘤疗效评价分类不同,其相应肿瘤标志物浓度差异有统计学意义。结论^125I粒子植入治疗肺癌能够有效的降低多项肿瘤标志物的水平,不同的疗效分级的肿瘤标志物水平明显不同。     

组织间永久性植入^125I粒子治疗恶性肿瘤

目的观察^125I放射性粒子永久性植入组织治疗恶性肿瘤的方法和疗效。方法时临床诊断明确的39例恶性肿瘤患者,在手术直视或B超、CT引导下将^125I放射性粒子植入肿瘤组织内。结果组织间植入^125I放射性粒子治疗恶性肿瘤,本组病例中完全缓解（PR）13．0％,部分缓解（CR）71．9％,无缓解（SD）9．9％,进展（PD）9．9％,总有效率84．9％。结论组织间永久性植入^125I放射性粒子治疗恶性肿瘤,尤其对不能切除的肿瘤或姑息性手术切除的肿瘤,近期疗效显著,可以作为实体恶性肿瘤综合治疗方法之一。     

术中^125Ⅰ粒子植入与高能电子线放射治疗晚期胰腺癌的比较

目的：比较分析术中^125Ⅰ粒子植入与高能电子线放射治疗晚期胰腺癌的临床疗效。方法：对手术不能切除的晚期胰腺癌用^125Ⅰ放射性粒子术中植入组织间内照射（A组）10例，用高能电子线术中照射（B组）50例。比较两组治疗后的生存情况及止痛有效率。结果：中位生存期A组4．6个月，B组6．5个月。6个月、12个月生存率A组分别为40％、10％，B组为62％、52％（P〈0．01）。止痛有效率A组为60％，B组为80％（P〈0．05）。结论：术中^125Ⅰ粒子植入的治疗效果不如高能电子线放射治疗的主要原因是术中直视下的放射性粒子盲插种植入技术精确度不高。按照治疗计划精确完成放射性粒子的空间分布是提高术中^125Ⅰ粒子植入疗效的关键。     

125 I粒子植入联合动脉灌注化疗治疗晚期胸腺癌的近期疗效评价

目的：探讨125 I粒子植入联合动脉灌注化疗药物治疗晚期胸腺癌的近期评价。方法分析35例经病理细胞学证实Ⅲ～Ⅳ胸腺癌患者,根据治疗手段不同,分为两组：A组18例,采用125 I粒子植入联合动脉灌注化疗（NP方案）;B组17例,采用动脉灌注化疗治疗。结果两组肿瘤局部控制率（RR）分别为66．7％和47．1％,疾病控制率（DCR）分别为83．3％和64．7％,两组比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。A、B 组治疗后肿瘤患者的生活质量评分（QOL）升高值分别为（12．22±4．67）、（6．12±1．17）分;差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。A、B 组治疗后 Karnofsky 功能状态评分（Karnofsky,KPS）提高率分别为66．7％、41．2％,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论采用125I粒子植入联合动脉灌注化疗治疗晚期胸腺癌的近期疗效显著,能够显著提高患者的生活质量。     

缓释氟尿嘧啶局部植入在乳腺癌中的治疗作用

目的探讨缓释氟尿嘧啶局部植入在乳腺癌中的治疗作用。方法应用TUNEL法及免疫组化SP法分别检测治疗组和对照组的乳腺癌细胞的凋亡指数、增殖细胞核抗原和微血管密度的表达。结果治疗组肿瘤细胞凋亡指数与对照组相比明显增高（P〈0．01）；治疗组肿瘤细胞增殖细胞核抗原及微血管密度与对照组相比明显降低（P〈0．05）；治疗组和对照组肿瘤细胞凋亡指数与增殖细胞核抗原的阳性表达均呈负相关（P〈0．05）；治疗组无明显的化疗不良反应。结论缓释氟尿嘧啶的局部化疗能诱导乳腺癌肿瘤细胞发生凋亡，并能抑制乳腺癌肿瘤细胞的增殖及微血管生成．     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.