OY-TES-1在肿瘤组织中的表达及生物信息学分析

目的:了解OY-TES-1mRNA及其蛋白在肿瘤组织中的表达情况,初步探讨其结构与功能.方法:利用定量PCR和免疫组织化学技术检测肿瘤组织中OY-TES-1的表达,结合生物信息学技术分析其结构和功能.结果:肿瘤与瘤旁组织中目的基因mRNA的表达频率分别为61.95%和59.57%,其中肝细胞癌72.97%、脑膜瘤55.56%、胶质瘤57.50%,肿瘤组织中该基因mRNA的表达量明显高于瘤旁组织.目的蛋白在胃癌的阳性率为25.00%,肝细胞癌40.00%,结肠癌46.67%,而瘤旁组织与肺癌均为阴性反应.生物信息学分析提示目的蛋白富含螺旋结构,具有一个信号肽、多种修饰位点及sp32结构域,存在较多T、 B细胞表位且主要位于目的蛋白的羧基端.结论:OY-TES-1mRNA及其蛋白均可在肿瘤组织中表达,生物信息学分析结果提示该蛋白功能的多样性.     

精子蛋白Sp32/OY-TES-1基因mRNA表达的探讨

目的了解精子蛋白Sp32／OY—TES-1基因mRNA的表达特点,研制癌-睾丸抗原（CTA）的肿瘤疫苗。方法采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）技术,检测95例正常人组织及125例人肿瘤组织中Sp32／OY—TES-1 mRNA的表达,随机选取RT-PCR阳性产物12份进行DNA测序;对所得数据进行统计学分析。结果Spa2／OY—TES-1在正常和肿瘤组织中的表达频率分别为68．4％（65／95）和44．00％（55／125）,两者比较有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。在24种不同器官的正常组织中,21种表达Sp32／OY—TES—1基因mRNA（87．50％）。DNA测序结果证实,RT-PCR产物为Sp32／OY—TES-1基因。结论Sp32／OY—TES-1基因的mRNA在正常组织中广泛表达,它是否可归为睾丸和肿瘤限制性表达的基因尚需进一步研究。     

锌指蛋白185(ZNF185)在小鼠睾丸精子细胞、间质细胞和支持细胞中的表达和定位

目的研究锌指蛋白185(ZNF185)在小鼠睾丸精子、间质和支持细胞中的表达变化。方法应用免疫荧光组织化学染色法检测ZNF185在精子、间质、支持细胞和睾丸组织中的定位;实时定量PCR和Western blot法分别检测三种细胞中ZNF185 mRNA和蛋白表达水平的差异。结果免疫荧光细胞分析显示ZNF185在小鼠睾丸精子、间质和支持细胞中均表达,主要分布于间质和支持细胞胞质、精子细胞头部和尾部;实时定量PCR和Western blot结果显示,支持细胞ZNF185 mRNA和蛋白表达水平显著低于间质和精子细胞。结论 ZNF185分布于小鼠睾丸不同细胞,表达量存在差异。     

锌指蛋白185(ZNF185)在小鼠睾丸精子细胞、间质细胞和支持细胞中的表达和定位北大核心CSCD

目的研究锌指蛋白185(ZNF185)在小鼠睾丸精子、间质和支持细胞中的表达变化。方法应用免疫荧光组织化学染色法检测ZNF185在精子、间质、支持细胞和睾丸组织中的定位;实时定量PCR和Western blot法分别检测三种细胞中ZNF185 mRNA和蛋白表达水平的差异。结果免疫荧光细胞分析显示ZNF185在小鼠睾丸精子、间质和支持细胞中均表达,主要分布于间质和支持细胞胞质、精子细胞头部和尾部;实时定量PCR和Western blot结果显示,支持细胞ZNF185 mRNA和蛋白表达水平显著低于间质和精子细胞。结论 ZNF185分布于小鼠睾丸不同细胞,表达量存在差异。     

细胞周期类分子在人无精子症睾丸中的表达

目的:评价细胞周期类基因在人无精子症及正常睾丸组织中的表达及意义.方法:应用包含有人CDC10等细胞周期类基因在内的cDNA微矩阵芯片对人正常睾丸及无精子症睾丸组织中差异表达基因进行了研究:通过PCR方法获得两种组织mRNA, 再分别用Cy5-dUTP及Cy3-dUTP标记制备cDNA探针.两种探针混合后与人cDNA微矩阵芯片杂交, 经扫描、计算机处理分析比较杂交结果;利用原位杂交技术对芯片杂交结果进行了验证研究.结果:部分细胞周期类基因可能与无精子症相关, 其中CDC7L1 与CDC10基因表达上调, CDK9、 CDC20 以及CLK3基因表达下调.原位杂交证实CDC10在正常睾丸组织生精细胞中表达强于无精子症睾丸组织.结论:细胞周期类分子CDC10、 CDC7L1 、 CDK9、 CDC20及CLK3可能在无精子症的发生与进展过程中起一定的作用.     

肾癌组织中内皮细胞特异性分子-1 mRNA水平及其蛋白表达的关系

目的探讨内皮细胞特异性分子-1(ESM-1)mRNA及其蛋白在。肾癌组织中的表达及其意义。方法采用地高辛标记cDNA探针原位杂交方法、免疫组织化学S-P法对40例肾癌、29例癌旁正常肾组织中ESM-1 mRNA及其蛋白进行检测。结果ESM-1 mRNA及其蛋白在正常肾组织和肾癌中均有表达。肾癌间质血管内皮中表达明显。肾癌组织中，肿瘤血管内皮的ESM-1 mRNA和蛋白的高表达率显著高于正常肾组织血管内皮；而在肾小管上皮细胞与肾癌细胞中差异无显著性．ESM-1 mRNA和蛋白表达具有较好的一致性。结论ESM-1分子可能参与了肾癌的发生、发展及血管生成。     

卵巢癌细胞中OY-TES-1基因启动子CpG位点甲基化状态分析

目的:了解卵巢癌SKOV3细胞中OY-TES-1启动子区域CpG位点的甲基化状态.方法:运用免疫细胞化学法检测SKOV3细胞中OY-TES-1蛋白表达;通过硫化测序PCR法,分析SKOV3细胞中OY-TES-1启动子区域CpG位点的甲基化状态,并与睾丸组织相比较.结果:免疫细胞化学法检测结果显示,SKOV3细胞中OY-TES-1蛋白呈阳性反应;在检测的OY-TES-1启动子区域(转录起始点-127 bp～+110 bp,含24个CpG位点)中,CpG位点的甲基化频率为80.21％,其甲基化状态明显高于睾丸组织.结论:SKOV3细胞中OY-TES-1启动子CpG位点处于高甲基化状态,进一步可探讨甲基化抑制剂氮杂脱氧胞嘧啶对OY-TES-1甲基化状态及其表达水平的影响.     

小鼠睾丸膜联蛋白A1的克隆、表达及定位

目的:克隆、表达小鼠睾丸膜联蛋白A1,并研究其在睾丸中的定位。方法:利用RT-PCR技术从小鼠睾丸组织中扩增膜联蛋白A1的cDNA序列,将该基因插入GST融合表达载体pGEX-5T。以亲和层析法纯化蛋白免疫家兔制备多抗,并做睾丸切片免疫组织化学检测。结果:重组质粒测序结果表明,插入片段与小鼠膜联蛋白A1的序列完全一致。K802重组菌高效表达出相对分子质量为63 000的融合蛋白,表达量占菌体总蛋白的30%。多抗效价达1∶102 400,可特异识别重组蛋白。免疫组织化学显示膜联蛋白A1主要分布于精原细胞核、精子细胞顶体帽及精子胞质残余体内。结论:成功克隆、表达了小鼠膜联蛋白A1基因;膜联蛋白A1在睾丸生精细胞中的不同分布预示其可能与生精过程有关。     

层黏连蛋白受体在小鼠睾丸和附睾中的表达

目的 探讨层黏连蛋白受体(LAMR1)在小鼠睾丸和附睾中的表达.方法收集3只正常成年昆明小鼠睾丸和附睾.采用原位杂交和免疫组织化学方法,检测LAMR1 mRNA及蛋白在成年小鼠睾丸和附睾中的分布.结果 LAMR1 mRNA在附睾头和附睾尾表达最强;在睾丸生精细胞中也有表达.免疫组织化学结果显示,LAMR1蛋白从附睾头到...     

肿瘤睾丸抗原OY-TES-1氨基端截短蛋白及其多克隆抗体的制备

目的获得原核表达的OY-TES-1氨基端截短蛋白(OY-TES-1-N),并制备其多克隆抗体。方法扩增编码OY-TES-1-N 268个氨基酸(A6-R273)的cDNA序列;将PCR产物插入原核表达载体pMAL-C2,构建重组质粒,并转化DH5α菌;通过蓝白斑筛选、DNA测序筛出阳性菌;在优化条件下用IPTG对阳性菌进行诱导表达MBP/OY-TES-1-N融合蛋白;上Amyloseresin亲和层析柱纯化,行Western blot鉴定。以融合蛋白作为抗原免疫新西兰白兔制备抗血清,经活化琼脂糖微球纯化后,采用ELISA法及Western blot法分别检测抗血清的效价和多克隆抗体的特异性。结果成功诱导表达出MBP/OY-TES-1-N融合蛋白。以该蛋白免疫新西兰兔制备抗血清,抗体效价为1∶1 000,Western blot检测证实该抗体能与目的蛋白发生特异性结合。结论成功地表达并纯化了MBP/OY-TES-1-N融合蛋白,并制备了特异性多克隆抗体。     

Cancer testis antigen OY-TES-1 expression and serum immunogenicity in colorectal cancer: its relationship to clinicopathological parameters

Cancer testis (CT) antigens are attractive targets for cancer immunotherapy because their expression is restricted in normal germ line tissues but frequently detected in variety of tumors. OY-TES-1 is identified as a member of CT antigens. Current knowledge about OY-TES-1 expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) is solely based on mRNA analysis. None of previous researches has studied OY-TES-1 at protein level. In this study, OY-TES-1 polyclonal antibody was generated. The expression of OY-TES-1 mRNA and protein was detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry in 60 CRC and paired adjacent non-tumor tissues, 24 colorectal adenoma and 3 normal colon tissues, respectively. Sera from 73 CRC patients were also tested for OY-TES-1 antibody by ELISA. Our results showed that the frequency of OY-TES-1 mRNA expression was statistically higher in CRC (73.3%, 44/60) than that in adjacent non-tumor tissue (55.0%, 33/60) and colorectal adenoma (45.8%, 11/24). For the first time, OY-TES-1 protein expression was found in (43.3%, 26/60) of CRC tissues, but absent in any of adjacent non-tumor and colorectal adenoma tissues. No OY-TES-1 expression was found in normal colon by either RT-PCR or immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, OY-TES-1 protein expression was correlated with tumor invasion stage (P=0.004) and histological grade (P=0.040). Anti-OY-TES-1 antibody was detected in (9.6%, 7/73) of CRC patients’ sera but not in 76 healthy donors. This finding demonstrates that OY-TES-1 is frequently expressed in CRC and is able to induce humoral immune response spontaneously in CRC patients, suggesting that it might be a promising immunotherapy target for CRC.     

Down-regulation of cancer/testis antigen OY-TES-1 attenuates malignant behaviors of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro

Cancer/testis (CT) antigens are normally expressed in testis and overexpressed in various tumor types. However, their biological function is largely unknown. OY-TES-1, one of cancer/testis (CT) antigens, is reported overexpression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). And we assumed that OY-TES-1 contribute to oncogenesis and progression of HCC. In this study, we knocked down OY-TES-1 by small interference RNA (siRNA) in HCC cell lines (HepG2 and BEL-7404) to verify this assumption and evaluate its potential as therapeutic targets for HCC. We showed that down regulation of OY-TES-1 decreased cell growth, induced the G₀/G₁ arrest and apoptosis, and prevented migration and invasion in the two HCC cell lines. Further analysis revealed that down regulation of OY-TES-1 increased expression of apoptosis-regulated protein caspase-3, and decreased expression of cell cycle-regulated protein cyclin E, migration/invasion-regulated proteins MMP2 and MMP9. These findings may shed light on the gene therapy about the OY-TES-1 expression in HCC cells.     

Expression of mucin genes in the human testis and its relationship to spermatogenesis

In this study we investigate the expression pattern of mucin genes in the human testis and evaluate the relationship between the expression of mucin genes and impaired spermatogenesis in the human testis. Thirty human testis tissues were collected from patients undergoing diagnostic testicular biopsy to investigate the cause of infertility. One part of the tissue underwent histological observation, and the other part of the tissue was subjected to semiquantitative RT-PCR of mucin genes, that is, mucin1, 2, 3, 4, and 9. The relative amount of mucin mRNAs was calculated by densitometry using glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) as an internal control. The samples were histologically diagnosed as either obstructive azoospermia with normal spermatogenesis (n = 13) or non-obstructive azoospermia with impaired spermatogenesis (n = 17). In the human testis with normal spermatogenesis, mRNA expression of mucin1, 9, 13 and GAPDH were found, but RT-PCR products of mucin 2, 3 and 4 were not detected. In the testis with impaired spermatogenesis, however, RT-PCR product of mucin1 was not found. There was no difference in the other mucin mRNA expression patterns between the testis with either normal or impaired spermatogenesis. To our knowledge, this study is the first that has detected the mRNA of mucin9 and 13 in human testis. This study also shows that mucin1 expression might be closely related to spermatogenesis. Our findings should be substantiated by more direct evidence, such as mucin protein expression and localization.     

细菌脂多糖诱导单核细胞趋化蛋白-1在小鼠睾丸中表达

目的:正常睾丸间质组织中存在一定数量的巨噬细胞群和淋巴细胞,炎症时这些细胞大量增加,这一机制还未完全解明.本研究探讨正常睾丸和系统感染后睾丸中单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(Monocyte chenoattractant protein-1,MCP-1)的表达变化.方法:给予小鼠一次性腹腔注射0.4 μg/kg细菌脂多糖(Lipopolysaccharides,LPS),用半定量RT-PCR和Western blot方法检测3、6、12、24、48小时后单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)mRNA和蛋白质在睾丸中的表达情况,并用组织免疫荧光染色确定MCP-1在睾丸中的部位.结果:MCP-1 mRNA和蛋白质在正常小鼠睾丸中低剂量表达;注射LPS 3小时后MCP-1 mRNA表达水平迅速增加,一直延续到24小时;MCP-1蛋白质表达水平从染毒后12小时开始增加,48小时后仍处于高水平.MCP-1主要在睾丸的间质中表达.结论:正常睾丸中低剂量MCP-1可能起着维持巨噬细胞群在睾丸间质中滞留的作用;系统炎症中,MCP-1在睾丸中的高水平表达可能与吸引单核细胞和巨噬细胞进入间质组织有关.     

肝细胞癌组织中Glypican-3基因表达及其调控机制

目的：探讨肝细胞癌中Glypican-3（GPC3）基因表达及调控机制。方法:采用RT-PCR和聚合酶链反应-单链构象多态性(PCR-SSCP)方法分别检测48例肝细胞癌的癌组织、39例癌旁组织和31例正常肝组织中GPC3 mRNA的表达和基因突变；免疫组化S-P法检测GPC3、P53和PCNA蛋白的表达。结果:GPC3 mRNA在肝细胞癌的癌组织中的阳性表达率为77.1%，但其在癌旁和正常肝组织中不表达；肝细胞癌的癌组织中未发现GPC3基因突变；GPC3与P53蛋白表达无相关性（r＝-0.12574，P＞0.05），肝细胞癌的癌组织中GPC3 表达阳性和阴性的增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)平均指数分别为（46.32±27.54）%、（39.83±21.47）%,P＞0.05。结论:肝细胞癌组织中GPC3 mRNA高表达与基因突变无关，没有直接影响P53和PCNA蛋白表达。     

Polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolizing 15-Lipoxygenase-1 (15-LO-1) expression in normal and tumorigenic human bladder tissues.

Diets high in fat seem to correspond with an increased risk of certain forms of cancer, including bladder BlCa. This preliminary study examined the expression and enzyme activity profile of the polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolizing enzyme 15-Lipoxygenase-1 (15-LO-1) in human tissues from normal bladder and bladder tumors (stages CIS-T3/T4). Human tissue samples from normal (donor) bladder and bladder tumors (stages CIS-T3/T4; non-Bacillus Calmette-Guerin-treated) were grossly microdissected and analyzed for 15-LO-1 protein expression [immunohistochemistry (IHC)/Western blot], mRNA expression (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction) and enzyme activity profiles. Our results demonstrated that 15-LO-1 expression (protein/mRNA) and enzyme activity varied with BlCa progression. Specifically, IHC analyses of 15-LO-1 protein levels revealed decreased expression with increased bladder tumor stage. In particular, a statistically significant decrease in 15-LO-1 expression in stage T3/T4 bladder tumors compared with normal tissues (P<0.001) was observed. In agreement with IHC results, Western blot, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and enzymatic activity analyses demonstrated increased 15-LO-1 protein, mRNA, and enzyme activity, respectively, in normal human bladder tissues in comparison with stage T3/T4 human bladder tumors. Our finding of variable 15-LO-1 expression and enzyme activity in bladder tissues suggests a role for 15-LO-1 in bladder carcinogenesis.