近交培育的豫医无毛小鼠H抗原系统的同源性

目的：研究豫医无毛小鼠Ｈ原系统的同源性。方法：采用近交培育２０代２月龄雌性豫医无毛小鼠皮肤异体移植法。结果：经１００ｄ观察,受试小鼠无急慢性排斥反应发生,移植皮片全部为永久性接受。结论：豫医无毛小鼠突变种群经２０代近交培育,组织相容性原一致基因具有高度同源性。     

无毛小鼠分离近交系的培育

为开发实验小鼠新品系,对河南医科大学发现的突变体无毛小鼠进行近交培育。采用强迫杂合性兄妹交配法繁殖,现已完成23代近交培育。子代突变性状遗传分析和皮肤移植试验结果显示：突变体无毛小鼠已达到近交系标准,突变位点保持了基因杂合状态,建立了携带正常基因和隐性突变基因的无毛小鼠分离近交系。     

突变无毛小鼠近交系的育成及特性

目的 :培育突变无毛小鼠分离近交系 ,鉴定其基因纯合度 ,明确其生物学特性。方法 :采用强迫杂合性全同胞兄妹交配法进行分离近交系培育。生化标记检测、皮肤移植试验和毛色基因测试法对其基因纯合度进行鉴定。并采用相应方法对其基本生物学特性进行研究。结果 :育成具有独特生物学特性、基因高度纯合的豫医无毛小鼠分离近交系。现已达 3 0代。结论 :可以认为 ,豫医无毛小鼠分离近交系是一个遗传上高度纯合的新品系。     

豫医无毛小鼠无毛基因部分DNA序列分析

目的：探讨豫医无毛小鼠的无毛基因突变情况.方法：采用PCR方法扩增豫医无毛小鼠无毛基因的部分DNA序列,并进行克隆测序,将测序结果与国外公布的小鼠、大鼠及人无毛基因的cDNA序列做同源性比较和分析,确定该鼠无毛基因的特异性.结果：克隆测序结果为一923 bp的片段,相当于Genbank上公布的小鼠无毛基因cDNA序列的3 150～3 565 bp位置,包含4个外显子（外显子13～16）及3个内含子（内含子13～15）;与本室以前所测昆明小鼠无毛基因部分DNA序列100%同源,其外显子部分共416 bp,可编码138个氨基酸,与国外公布的小鼠、大鼠、人的无毛基因核苷酸同源性分别为100%、95%、84%,氨基酸同源性分别为100%、97.8%、84%.结论：①克隆定序了豫医无毛小鼠无毛基因的部分DNA序列;②排除了豫医无毛小鼠无毛基因的突变发生于本段序列的可能;③无毛基因在哺乳动物体内同源性很高,应属保守基因,其蛋白质产物可能在一些基本的调节途径中起重要作用,推测豫医无毛小鼠的无毛基因可能也位于14号染色体.     

豫医无毛小鼠封闭群的生物学特性

目的：对培育的豫医无毛小鼠封闭群的生物学特性进行研究。方法：以昆明小鼠作对照,分别对不同日龄豫医无毛小鼠的体重、体长及脏器重进行测定。测交实验测定突变基因的类型。一般组织学方法研究其皮肤结构,并观察描述了无毛小鼠的脱毛规律。结果：无毛小鼠生长发育迟缓,寿命缩短,且皮肤组织学结构变化显著,突变基因经测交试验证实为常染色体上的单一隐性基因。结论：无毛小鼠有别于裸鼠和昆明小鼠,具有独特的生物学特性     

豫医无毛小鼠封闭群的生物学特性

目的：对培育的豫医无毛小鼠封闭群的生物学特性进行研究。方法：以昆明小鼠作对照,分别对不同日龄豫医无毛小鼠的体重、体长及脏器重进行测定。测交实验测定突变基因的类型。一般组织学方法研究其皮肤结构,并观察描述了无毛小鼠的脱毛规律。结果：无毛小鼠生长发育迟缓,寿命缩短,且皮肤组织学结构变化显著,突变基因经测交试验证实为常染色体上的单一隐性基因。结论：无毛小鼠有别于裸鼠和昆明小鼠,具有独特的生物学特性。     

豫医无毛小鼠无毛基因的比较生物学分析

目的:分析豫医无毛小鼠与其他物种间无毛基因组成的差异.方法:采用RT-PCR方法对豫医无毛小鼠无毛基因的cDNA序列进行克隆测序,并借助生物信息学分析技术对小鼠、大鼠、猴和人的无毛基因及其所编码的氨基酸序列进行比较生物学分析.结果:获得了豫医无毛小鼠无毛基因的全长4 014 bp的cDNA序列 (GenBank 登录号:AY547390).豫医无毛小鼠与国内外报道的2种小鼠、大鼠、猴、人等5种动物的核苷酸同源性分别为99.9%、99.7%、94.3%、 81.7%、 81.8%,氨基酸同源性分别是99.8%、99.7%、94.5%、79.8%、80.0%.结论:无毛基因是一个高度保守基因,不同物种间具有高度同源性.     

无毛小鼠同类系的建立

目的：培育包含无毛基因的同类系小鼠新品系，明确无毛基因在不同遗传背景下的表达方式。方法：将无毛基因通过杂交互交导入法分别导入615、C57BL／6、BALB／c、DBA／2共4种近交系。结果：已完成4代导入杂交的第1代、第3代均表现有毛，第2代、第4代互交育出615、C57BL／6、BALB／c、DBA／2共4种无毛小鼠，其脱毛规律同豫医无毛小鼠。结论：无毛基因可以在不同的遗传背景下表达。     

豫医无毛小鼠体重与主要脏器重之间关系分析

目的：了解豫医无毛小鼠体重与主要脏器重之间关系。方法：剖取豫医无毛小鼠及杂合子有毛小鼠内脏器官,用ＬＩＢＲＯＲＬ １６０ＤＴＰ电子称重天平称重,对取得的数据进行统计学处理。结果：获取与主要脏器重之间关系资料。对豫医无毛小鼠及杂合子有毛小鼠进行ｔ检验,仅雌性动物心脏、胸腺有差异性。结论：豫医无毛小鼠及杂合子有毛小鼠仅雌性动物心脏、胸腺有差异,其它无差别。     

分离近交系YYHL小鼠的皮肤移植

利用小鼠皮肤异体移植法研究分离近交系YYHL小鼠F20 的基因纯合性,经100d 观察,受试小鼠均无急、慢性排斥反应发生,全部为永久性接受。结果表明,该突变种群经过20 代的近交培育,组织相容性抗原一致,基因具有高度纯合性,已达到近交系要求     

豫医无毛小鼠无毛基因部分内含子突变研究

目的 研究豫医无毛小鼠突变的分子机制。方法 对豫医无毛小鼠和昆明小鼠的基因组DNA进行PCR扩增,对二者扩增片段克隆后测序,对结果进行比较,以确定豫医无毛小鼠无毛基因的特异性程度。结果 本实验共测出豫医无毛小鼠DNA序列1746bp和昆明小鼠DNA序列1733bp,两者不同之处有32处,均位于内含子,突变形式包括插入、缺失和点突变。结论 无毛性状的产生可能与内含子中的插入、缺失和点突变有关。     

豫医无毛小鼠近交系与HLC小鼠近交系遗传纯度检测

目的:检测豫医无毛小鼠近交系(YYHL)与HLC小鼠近交系的遗传纯合程度.方法:依据GB/T14927.1-2001检测分布于8条染色体上的13个生化标记基因位点:Car-2、Hbb、Es-1、Trf、Mod-1、Idh-1、Es-2、Es-3、Mup、Pgm-1、Gpd-1、Ce-2、Gpi-1;每个品系抽样4只,并用标准近交系C57BL/6、DBA/2、615、BALB/c作对照,对YYHL小鼠近交系和HLC小鼠近交系进行遗传检测.结果:YYHL与HLC小鼠近交系在所检测的13个生化标记基因位点上达到100%纯合.但2个近交系在Hbb、Idh-1、Ce-2生化标记基因位点上不同.结论:YYHL小鼠近交系与HLC小鼠近交系在遗传纯度方面均已达到近交系要求,可作为新的近交系应用于科学研究.     

豫医无毛小鼠中期染色体标本中无毛基因的原位PCR检测

目的确立豫医无毛小鼠无毛基因的原位PCR荧光检测方法。方法应用原位PCR的方法对豫医无毛小鼠中期染色体标本的无毛基因进行检测，并设立PCR反应液中无Taq DNA聚合酶、无引物、无bIo-11—dU/TP等进行多组对照。结果染色体标本上出现1—2个黄绿色的扩增信号，而对照组则无。结论本实验为以后进行该基因的精确染色体定位打下了良好基础。     

小鼠2种和人4种精子抗原免疫对小鼠妊娠的影响

目的:观察用小鼠和人不同的精子抗原免疫雌小鼠对妊娠影响.方法:用小鼠2种和人4种精子抗原免疫雌小鼠,采用酶标法检测血清抗精子抗体(AsAb),观察各组小鼠妊娠率及胎仔数.结果:随着主动免疫的进行,小鼠血清AsAb显著升高( P <0.01).精子抗原免疫小鼠8周后,小鼠精子混合抗原免疫小鼠效果最好,妊娠率为零,DTT提取的人精子膜抗原和人全精子抗原免疫小鼠效果较好,妊娠率为16.7%,显著低于正常对照组的63.6%( P <0.01或 P <0.05).结论:在人精子抗原中,DTT提取的人精子膜抗原和人全精子抗原免疫雌小鼠效果最好.在小鼠精子抗原中,DTT、NP-40、Triton-100提取的小鼠精子膜混合抗原免疫雌小鼠效果最好.     

流行性出血热病毒感染裸鼠组织中特异性抗原的检测

在无胸腺裸鼠感染HFRS病毒后不同时间取材,以ELISA和IFAT检测各组织中的病毒特异性抗原。结果表明裸鼠对HERS病毒较敏感,感染后在其体内多种脏器可规律地检出特异性抗原,并可导致裸鼠死亡。病毒抗原在裸鼠体内的分布与在免疫健全的小白鼠乳鼠和人工抑制免疫功能的金黄地鼠体内的分布有所不同,并且随感染的进程而有较明显变化。     

Protective immunity in mice elicited by living infective third-stage hookworm larvae (Shanghai strain of Ancylostoma caninum).

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the mechanisms of protective immunity in mice elicited by living hookworm (Ancylostoma caninum third-stage infective larvae (L3). METHODS: The number of migrating infective larvae recovered from the lungs was used as an endpoint for vaccine immunity. The timing of maximal L3 lung entry was determined by counting the number of lung larvae at several time points after infection with 500 or 1000 L3. Mice were immunized either orally or subcutaneously with 500 L3, followed by two boosts of L3 once every two weeks. The immunized mice were challenged orally with 500 L3 one week after the final boost. To evaluate the protective immunity, the number of L3 recovered from the lungs of the immunized mice during the time of maximal larval entry was compared with that of controls. Host immunity was also evaluated by comparing circulating anti-L3 antibodies between immunized and controlled mice, using both enzyme immunoassays and immunoblotting techniques, and by lung histopathology. RESULTS: The peak time of larval entry into the lungs occurred 48 hours after infection. Mice immunized either orally or subcutaneously with L3 exhibited a marked reduction (90.2% and 86.2% respectively) in the number of recovered lung larvae in comparison to controls (P < 0.01). The protection might be associated with circulating anti-L3 antibodies, including antibodies directed against 132-200 kDa L3 antigens, as well as three major antigens ranging from 28 to 51 kDa. Larvae migrating through the lungs of vaccinated mice showed cuticular damages accompanied with host-inflammatory cell invasion. CONCLUSIONS: Immunization with living L3 protects mice against lung invasion after challenged with hookworm infection. Vaccine immunity is associated with circulating antibodies against L3 antigens and lung inflammatory responses. The mouse model is potentially useful for developing a hookworm vaccine.     

旋毛虫肌肉期幼虫分泌排泄物及其46—58KD蛋白的保护性免疫作用的比较研究

目的：观察旋毛虫肌肉期幼虫分泌排泄物（ＴｓＬ１－ＥＳ）及其４６－５８ＫＤ蛋白的保护性免疫作用。并作比较研究。方法：通过无血甭的ＲＰＭＩ１６４０培养基培养旋毛虫肌肉期幼虫,获得ＴｓＬ１－ＥＳ;再以常规ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ和电洗脱技术相结合纯化ＴｓＬ１－ＥＳ中４６－５８ＫＤ蛋白,用ＴｓＬ１－ＥＳ及其４６－５８ＫＤ蛋白加福氏完全佐剂（ＦＣＡ）腹腔注射免疫昆明小鼠３次,每鼠再以旋毛虫３００条感染攻击,观察感染后第７天鼠肠道成虫数、第３０天肌肉幼虫数及血清抗体滴度。结果：４６－５８ＫＤ免疫组鼠的肠道成虫减虫接近（４８．３％、５０．２％及３４５８．６）;明显高于佐剂对照组（４．８％、８．２％及７４８．５）。结论：ＴｓＬ１－ＥＳ及其４６－５８ＫＤ蛋白均可产生明显的保护性免疫,且保护性免疫水平相近。     

Effect of immunization in mice with recombinant DNA encoding the hepatitis C virus structural protein

OBJECTIVE: To explore the possibility and the efficacy of immune responses in mice inoculated with recombinant plasmid pCD-HCV1 and to lay a foundation for HCV nucleic acid vaccine development in the future. METHODS: The gene fragment coding C and E regions of HCV-II (type I b) was inserted into pCD-SR alpha 1 expression vector and formed pCD-HCV1 and then was injected into quadriceps muscles of Balb/c mouse. Serum anti-HCV level of mice was tested by ELISA (A value). Spleen cells proliferation responses to HCV antigens were detected by 3H-TdR incorporation (cpm). RESULTS: Balb/c mice immunized with recombinant plasmid pCD-HCV1 three or four times can generate specific antibody responses to HCV antigens and the antibody levels gradually ascend to the plateaus and did not have the trend of descending in 18 weeks detected. The serum antibodies in mice immunized by recombinant plasmid pCD-HCV1 were 100 percent positive when the serum were diluted 40 times and the positive rate of antibody still were 16.6 percent positive when the serum were diluted 320 times. Balb/c mice immunized with recombinant plasmid pCD-HCV1 (100 micrograms, 50 micrograms 10 micrograms/mouse three times respectively) can elicit antibody responses to HCV antigens and the antibody levels of three groups were 0.70 +/- 0.07, 0.33 +/- 0.04 and 0.11 +/- 0.09 respectively. Spleen cells of Blab/c mice injected with pCD-HCV1 three times were induced to produce proliferation responses to HCVc + e specific antigens. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrated that constructs expressioning HCV core and envelope proteins can generate anti-HCVc + e specific antibody responses and lymphoproliferation responses in mice, which suggested it to be possible to elicit immune responses to viral epitopes from HCV via DNA immunization with HCV-DNA recombinant and to warrant further investigation as a potential vaccine against HCV infections.