颈动脉海绵窦瘘的眼部表现与血管内治疗

目的 分析颈动脉海绵窦瘘的临床特点。评价血管内治疗的效果。方法 回顾分析１２例经全盘离血管造影证实为颈内动态海绵窦瘘患者的病史、眼部表现、临床检查的特点及进行可脱性球囊栓塞的疗效。结果 １２例患者１次栓塞成功者１０例（８３．３％）,２例行２次栓塞,术后无并发症,１例术前失明,术后１ｗｋ视力恢复至眼前手动。１０例视力较术前提高１～４行（Ｓｎｅｌｌｅｎ表）。术后眼部瘀血肿胀、眼球突出度均明显减轻或消失。眼球运动恢复正常,复视消失,视网膜出血吸收,眼部血管杂音全部消失。术后全脑血管造影复查,瘘口均封闭。结论 对于颈内动脉海绵窦瘘应及时治疗,尽快恢复视功能。彩色多普勒超声、ＣＴ、ＤＳＡ是诊断本病的常用手段。血管内栓塞是目前治疗颈动脉海绵窦瘘最为理想的方法。     

外伤性颈动脉-海绵窦瘘诊断及血管内栓治疗

目的：探讨利用介入神经放射技术对外伤性颈动脉－海绵窦瘘在眼科的诊断和治疗的应用价值。方法：对外伤性颈动脉－海绵窦瘘高度怀疑的病人,利用德国产MULTISTAR PLUS／TOP数字减影血管造影仪,经股动脉插管选择性全脑血管造影,明确诊断及瘘口部位,行血管内可脱性球囊栓塞治疗。结果：眼部及颅内血管杂音消失,眼部充血明显好转,突眼恢复正常,眼球运动功能明显改善,眼底视盘清晰,例一视神经萎缩视力无提高,例二视力无进一步损害。结论：明确的颅脑外伤史,特征性的眼部表现,先进的介入神经放射技术的利用,是眼科诊断和治疗外伤性颈动脉－海绵窦瘘的有效的方法。     

首诊于眼科的颈动脉海绵窦瘘7例回顾性分析

目的 探讨颈动脉海绵窦瘘眼部表现特点及诊断要点。方法 回顾分析5年中7例首诊于我科的外伤性颈动脉海绵窦瘘者的眼部症状及体征、影像学检查、治疗方法等。所有病例中最常见的眼部表现为搏动性眼球突出、球结膜高度充血水肿、眼压升高等。CT或MRI检查所有病例均显示眼上静脉扩张和海绵窦增宽,数字减影血管造影检查明确诊断。结果 7例行血管内介入栓塞治疗均一次成功,眼部症状和体征得到明显改善。结论 在临床工作中,对于可疑病例,应考虑颈动脉海绵窦瘘的可能,血管造影是该病诊断的金标准,血管内介入栓塞治疗对颈动脉海绵窦瘘是有效的。     

颈动脉海绵窦瘘的影像学诊断及血管内栓塞治疗

目的 评价颈动脉海绵窦瘘(CCF)应用影像学诊断及血管内栓塞治疗的价值。方法 分析23例颈动脉海绵窦瘘患者的眼部表现、影像特点。进行血管内栓塞治疗。结果 全部病例最终获正确诊断。19例行血管内栓塞术者，16例1次成功，2例行2次栓塞成功，1例失败。术后视力除3例术前失明未恢复外，16例较术前提高。眼部及颅内有关症状和体征全部消失或明显改善。结论 特征性眼部表现。超声、CT、选择性全脑数字减影血管造影(DSA)是诊断CCF的有效方法。血管内栓塞技术是目前CCF治疗的最理想方法。     

栓塞治疗颈动脉海绵窦瘘的良好效果

目的：报告外伤后颈动脉海绵窦瘘患者应用螺圈栓塞的成功经验。 方法：连续病例。 结果：两名颈动脉海绵窦瘘（CCF）患者成功接受了螺圈栓塞治疗。他们分别在机动车事故后2wk和4mo出现CCF的临床症状。一名患者视力良好但眼内压（10P）升高，另一名则视力低下伴有临界眼内压。CCF的诊断均得到脑血管造影证实，采用螺圈栓塞治疗后两名患者视力恢复正常，在未用任何抗青光眼药物前提下眼压降至正常范围。CCF的症状诸如眼球突出，眼肌麻痹，结膜充血水肿，眼眶杂音及眼底改变也随之消失。 结论：颈动脉海绵窦瘘宜早诊断和治疗以避免发生视力丧失严重并发症的发生，血管内栓塞是当代治疗选择。     

外伤性搏动性眼球突出的可脱性球囊栓塞手术

目的 探讨外伤性搏动性眼球突出(颈动脉海绵窦瘘)使用可脱性球囊介入手术栓塞治疗的方法、结果和技术特点。方法 分析应用可脱性球囊栓塞治疗的外伤性颈动脉海绵窦瘘19例，数字影像监测下采用可脱性球囊闭塞瘘口或闭塞患侧颈内动脉。结果 19例中，15例(78．9％)保持了颈内动脉通肠、4例(21．1％)闭塞了颈内动脉，术后临床症状逐渐消失：结论 应用可脱性球囊栓塞治疗外伤性颈动脉海绵窦瘘是目前最理想的治疗方法，具有手术创伤小、安全性高和疗效可靠等优点。     

栓塞治疗颈动脉海绵窦瘘的良好效果(英文)

目的:报告外伤后颈动脉海绵窦瘘患者应用螺圈栓塞的成功经验。方法:连续病例。结果:两名颈动脉海绵窦瘘(CCF)患者成功接受了螺圈栓塞治疗。他们分别在机动车事故后2wk和4mo出现CCF的临床症状。一名患者视力良好但眼内压(IOP)升高,另一名则视力低下伴有临界眼内压。CCF的诊断均得到脑血管造影证实,采用螺圈栓塞治疗后两名患者视力恢复正常,在未用任何抗青光眼药物前提下眼压降至正常范围。CCF的症状诸如眼球突出,眼肌麻痹,结膜充血水肿,眼眶杂音及眼底改变也随之消失。结论:颈动脉海绵窦瘘宜早诊断和治疗以避免发生视力丧失严重并发症的发生,血管内栓塞是当代治疗选择。     

外伤性颈内动脉海绵窦瘘8例分析

目的探讨外伤性颈内动脉海绵窦瘘(TCCF)的临床特点及血管内栓塞治疗的价值与效果。方法回顾性地分析8例外伤性颈内动脉海绵窦瘘患者的眼部表现、影像学特点及血管内栓塞治疗情况。结果8例患者均诊断正确。8例TCCF通过DSA技术,采用可脱性球囊行血管内栓塞治疗,7例成功(成功率87.5%),1例采用弹簧圈堵塞近瘘口处血管。治疗后全部病例均获成功,临床症状和体征消失,无1例复发。结论特征性眼部表现及超声、CT、MRI可确诊TCCF,DSA检查及血管内栓塞技术是目前TCCF最理想的诊断和治疗方法。     

自发性颈动脉海绵窦瘘眼部表现的临床分析

目的:探讨自发性颈动脉海绵窦瘘眼部表现特点及诊断要点,提高对该病的认识,减少临床漏诊、误诊。方法:回顾分析14例就诊于我院的自发性颈动脉海绵窦瘘患者的眼部症状及体征、影像学检查、治疗方法等。结果:所选14例病例中最常见的眼部表现为眼球突出(100%)、结膜及浅层巩膜充血扩张(93%)。行CT或MRI检查的12例病例中,眼上静脉增粗者9例,海绵窦增宽或高信号者6例。4例行栓塞治疗者眼部症状和体征得到明显改善。结论:自发性颈动脉海绵窦瘘的眼部临床谱广泛多样,特征性眼部表现结合影像学检查可有效提高诊断。栓塞治疗对改善眼部表现效果明显。     

颈动脉海绵窦瘘2例

颈动脉海绵窦瘘,临床比较少见,容易误诊为眶内出血、眶内血管瘤、眶蜂窝组织炎、眶内假瘤及Graves眼病等。我们诊治2例,报告如下。例1,男,20岁。1996年5月12日因左眼被刀刺伤在本院眼科治疗,行左眼球摘除术。术后第5天发现右眼视力减退。体检无明显异常。眼部检查:右眼视力为0.2(不能矫正)。右眼向正前方突出,眼球突出度:右眼17mm,眼球固定,球结膜充血、水肿,瞳孔散大。颞部、上睑内侧可闻及血管杂音,眼球可触及与心跳一致的搏动感。眼内无明显异常。B超、CT检查均显示球后血管扩张。转脑外科行全脑血管造影显示右颈内动脉海绵窦瘘,在X线…     

Strabisme Alternant - Etude clinique - traitement

The author defines motor and sensory alternation: the term alternation should not be used in isolation, it should always be accompanied by the name of the parameter concerned. Sensory alternation is always found together with motor alternation but the reverse is not true.The examining criteria for a diagnosis of sensory alternation are given, sensory alternation must not be confused with alternating inhibition. Working from clinical observations of cases of motor alternating strabismus, the author selects 2 types of binocular sensory relations which allow one to differentiate between:- cases of primary alternating strabismus- cases of secondary alternating strabismusThese forms will develop in different ways; in both cases a cure is possible providing that the right treatment is prescribed and once prescribed carefully followed, etc. It is always a case of serious forms of strabismus whose developmental period is spread over several years.According to the authors, the frequency of cases of true primary strabismus is from 1–3%, the frequency of cases of secondary alternating strabismus varies according to the type of therapy practised on cases of monocular strabismus with amblyopia. These latter will become cases of alternating strabismus under the influence of certain types of therapy carried out over several years (penalization, rocking, alternated occlusion, etc...).Experimental data on kittens confirm clinical data; kittens placed in abnormal environments during the sensitive period will show modification in the distribution of cortical cells and the absence of binocular cells (either because the excitation of the two eyes was not simultaneous, or not identical: artificial strabismus, occlusion, opaque glasses). This disturbances become irreversible after a certain period of exposure (a function of age, length of exposure, etc...).It is thus necessary to bear in mind: 1) the iatrogenic risks of certain orthoptic treatments, 2) the necessity for a binocular form of treatment as soon as possible, as once a certain stage is passed, cortical plasticity diminishes and the elaboration of normal binocular relations becomes impossible.

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Effects of Adenosine Agonists on Intraocular Pressure and Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Cynomolgus Monkeys

The effects of single or multiple topical doses of the relatively selective A₁adenosine receptor agonists (R)-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) and N⁶-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) on intraocular pressure (IOP), aqueous humor flow (AHF) and outflow facility were investigated in ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys. IOP and AHF were determined, under ketamine anesthesia, by Goldmann applanation tonometry and fluorophotometry, respectively. Total outflow facility was determined by anterior chamber perfusion under pentobarbital anesthesia. A single unilateral topical application of R-PIA (20–250 μg) or CHA (20–500 μg) produced ocular hypertension (maximum rise=4.9 or 3.5 mmHg) within 30 min, followed by ocular hypotension (maximum fall=2.1 or 3.6 mmHg) from 2–6 hr. The relatively selective adenosine A₂antagonist 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX, 320 μg) inhibited the early hypertension, without influencing the hypotension. Neither 100 μg R-PIA nor 500 μg CHA clearly altered AHF. Total outflow facility was increased by 71% 3 hr after 100 μg R-PIA. In conclusion, the early ocular hypertension produced by topical adenosine agonists in cynomolgus monkeys is associated with the activation of adenosine A₂receptors, while the subsequent hypotension appears to be mediated by adenosine A₁receptors and results primarily from increased outflow facility.