骨形态发生蛋白信号通路的负向调节

骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)是多功能的生长因子,具有调节细胞的增殖和分化以及促进骨、软骨和牙组织生成的作用。下面通过细胞外对抗物、细胞内BMP抑制因子和负调节转录因子等内容就BMP信号通路的负向调节研究进展作一综述。     

骨形态发生蛋白-2释放系统的研究进展

骨形态发生蛋白（BMP）-2是体内成骨重要的促进因子，能诱导未分化间充质干细胞向成骨细胞方向分化。BMP-2释放系统的建立与应用是目前研究关注的重点，建立一个稳定的局部释放系统是治疗性的策略，可优化骨的愈合和降低并发症的发生。本文就BMP-2释放系统建立的必要性、构建材料种类、性能要求、研究趋势等进行综述。     

骨形态发生蛋白/Smad信号转导机制及其对离心力刺激的响应

骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)是一类转化生长因子-β超家族成员的多功能分泌型信号分子,参与调节多种细胞的增殖、分化和程序性死亡,在组织器官的形成、胚胎的发育和损伤组织的修复中起关键作用.Smad蛋白是BMP细胞内信号转导和调节分子,可以直接将BMP细胞外信号从细胞膜转导入细胞核,构成BMP/Smad信号转导通路,而BMP/Smad信号转导通路在调节牵张成骨新骨形成中发挥着重要作用.笔者下面就体外培养细胞离心力加载装置和BMP/Smad信号转导机制及其对离心力刺激的响应作一综述.     

骨形态发生蛋白信号通路在牙根发育中的作用

骨形态发生蛋白（BMP）家族是调节细胞生命活动的重要因子,几乎参与了所有组织的发育。BMP介导的信号通路在牙发育过程中发挥十分重要的作用,而牙根发育是牙发育的一部分,是上皮和间充质相互作用的复杂过程。上皮和牙胚间充质中的BMP信号通路在牙根发育中的作用也有所不同,本文综述了BMP信号通路在牙根发育中作用的研究进展。     

低氧条件下骨形态发生蛋白2对骨整合的调控

在低氧状态下,骨量丢失、骨组织再生延迟,骨组织损伤后愈合缓慢甚至不愈合,种植手术后骨整合延迟;而骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)2为成骨细胞分化的中心调控因子,无论是单一的还是组合的BMP2皆参与了软骨形成和骨形成过程。本文就低氧环境下骨组织的反应,BMP2对骨整合过程中成骨细胞和破骨细胞的影响,骨整合过程中BMP2与血管内皮生长因子间的相互作用,低氧作用于BMP2的机制等研究进展作一综述。     

骨形态发生蛋白复合胶原释放系统的研究进展

骨形态发生蛋白（BMP）是一种具有诱导新骨形成能力的生物活性分子,它与各种生物材料复合构成的各种释放系统用于临床的骨修复。目前,BMP复合胶原释放系统的建立和应用备受业界的关注,其中BMP与胶原的结合方式更是重中之重。本文就BMP复合胶原常用的胶原材料、BMP与胶原之间的结合方式等研究进展作一综述。     

骨形态发生蛋白-2在牙发育各阶段中的表达

目的观察骨形态发生蛋白（BMP）-2在牙发育各阶段中的表达,探讨其作用和意义。方法采用免疫组化法观察BMP-2在8～36周龄的人胎儿牙胚、出生1～22d的乳鼠和出生6周至5个月的犬乳牙发育中的表达。结果BMP-2在胎儿蕾状期和帽状期牙蕾上皮、牙板、成釉器和内外釉上皮均为阳性,在钟状期内釉细胞、中间层、成釉细胞和成牙本质细胞为强阳性,在牙乳头和牙囊为阳性;在乳牙萌出前、萌出期的乳鼠以及生后6周犬牙的成釉细胞、成牙本质细胞、赫特维希上皮根鞘和牙囊为强阳性;在犬乳恒牙替换期的牙根、牙周膜以及靠近牙周膜的成骨细胞为阳性。结论BMP-2是牙发育的重要调控因子,参与牙胚细胞的分化、牙胚的形态发生、牙的萌出和乳恒牙替换各阶段的调控。     

骨形态发生蛋白-2基因转染对舌癌细胞增殖活性的影响

目的 探讨腺病毒介导的人骨形态发生蛋白-2 (BMP-2)基因转染舌癌Tca8113细胞后,对Tca8113细胞形态和增殖活性的影响.方法 分别以感染复数(MOI)为0、50、100的腺病毒为载体的BMP-2基因转染体外培养的舌癌Tca8113细胞.采用荧光倒置显微镜观察转染前后Tca8113细胞形态的变化,Weste...     

人骨形态发生蛋白-2基因克隆及真核表达载体的构建

目的克隆人骨形态发生蛋白- 2（hBMP2）基因片段,构建pcDNA3.1- hBMP2真核表达质粒。方法采用逆转录聚合酶链式反应（RT- PCR）技术,从人骨肉瘤中扩增出人骨形态发生蛋白- 2基因片段,通过DNA重组技术将该基因片段重组于pcDNA3.1真核表达载体上,构建pcDNA3.1- hBMP2重组质粒,通过用PCR扩增、酶切电泳分析及DNA测序的方法对重组DNA进行鉴定。结果经PCR扩增、酶切电泳分析和DNA测序证实,本实验构建的重组质粒目的基因片段为人BMP2- cDNA。结论本实验成功克隆了hBMP2基因并构建成其真核表达质粒。     

骨形态发生蛋白2对成牙骨质细胞中硬化蛋白表达调控机理的研究

目的 探索成牙骨质细胞OCCM-30中骨形态发生蛋白2（BMP2）对硬化蛋白（SOST）表达的调控机制。方法 用2种质量浓度的BMP2（50、100 ng·mL^-1）处理成牙骨质OCCM-30细胞3、5、7 d,相同体积的PBS液为对照组,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）、免疫印迹法检测SOST mRNA和蛋白的表达情况。将OCCM-30细胞分为5组：空白对照组、BMP2组、BMP2+dorsomorphin组、BMP2+SB202190组、BMP2+PD98059组,根据分组分别加入100 ng·mL^-1的BMP2和相应的试剂共培养,于3、5 d时检测SOST mRNA和蛋白的表达情况。结果 100 ng·mL^-1 BMP2对SOST表达的上调作用强于50 ng·mL^-1 BMP2,且有时间依赖性（P<0.05）。BMP2+dorsomorphin组、BMP2+ SB202190组、BMP2+ PD98059组的SOST mRNA水平和蛋白质水平均降低,其中BMP2+dorsomorphin组降低最明显（P<0.05）。结论 成牙骨质细胞中BMP2主要是通过Smad信号通路介导上调SOST的表达。     

骨形成蛋白信号转导通路中的Smads相关转录因子

骨形成蛋白(BMPs)是一类多功能的细胞生长因子,具有广泛而多样的生物学效应。Smads蛋白是将BMPs胞外信号从细胞膜转导至细胞核并进一步调节靶基因转录的关键中介分子。在细胞核内,各种Smads结合蛋白通过不同的机制与Smads转录复合物相互作用,促进或抑制BMPs相关基因的转录。本文着重对BMPs-Smads信号转导途径、细胞核内Smads相互作用蛋白包括核转录因子、共激活及共抑制因子做一综述。     

Immunohistochemical demonstration of bone morphogenetic protein in odontogenic tumors

The aim of the present study was to describe the expression and distribution of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) in odontogenic tumors by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibody against bovine BMP (BMPMcAb). Eight types of odontogenic tumors (44 cases), including ameloblastoma (20 cases), cementifying fibroma (8 cases), benign cementoblastoma (5 cases), dentinoma (3 cases), compound odontoma (2 cases), adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (2 cases), calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (2 cases) and odontogenic fibroma (2 cases), were studied. The results showed that, according to the immunostaining pattern of BMPMcAb, tumors could be classified into two types: all cementifying fibro-mas, benign cementoblastomas. Dentinomas, odontogenic fibromas. and compound odontomas demonstrated a positive reaction, whereas all ameloblastomas, adenomatoid odontogenic tumors, and calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumors were negative. BMPMcAb-positive odontogenic tumors were those tumors with formation of enamel, dentin, cementum or bone. Therefore. BMP might play an important role in the formation of calcified dental tissues and the development of odontogenic tumors contaning such tissues.     

骨形态发生蛋白在口腔种植学中的应用

骨形态发生蛋白是具有高度骨诱导活性的蛋白质,它与种植体复合可以提高其与周围骨组织的生物结合能力,并且与不同的载体结合可表现出不同的生物学特性。本文对骨形态发生蛋白的生物学特性、在种植学方面的运用、以及其载体等方面在骨内种植领域的研究进展进行了综述。     

人牙周膜细胞中内源性骨形成蛋白的流式细胞仪分析

目的：定量检测和分析人牙周膜细胞（ＰＤＬＣ）表达内源性骨形成蛋白（ＢＭＰ）的情况。方法：应用ＢＭＰ单克隆抗体，通过流式细胞仪和免疫组化ＡＢＣ的方法双重判定。结果：在离体培养的人ＰＤＬＣ中有一半左右的细胞能表达ＢＭＰ。结论：牙周膜细胞具有一定的合成和分泌ＢＭＰ的能力；可以进一步认为人的牙周膜细胞是具有成骨潜能的，在牙周组织再生中有积极作用。     

Immunohistochemical analysis of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) in osteosarcoma

The monoclonal antibody against bovine bone morphogenetic protein (bBMP-McAb) was first used for demonstration of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) in osteosarcoma. The avidin-biotin complex method (ABC) demonstrated that of the 18 osteosarcomas, 15 stained positive, while all 6 fibrosarcomas were negative. The results showed that BMP mainly exists in the tumor cell plasma and some tumor-like bone tissues. Using this staining method, we can not only differentiate osteosarcoma from fibrosarcoma and other non-bone-derived tumors, but also classify osteosarcoma according to the content and distribution of BMP and the patient's clinical situation, thus providing a scientific basis for clinical treatment.     

Dentin resorption and cementum-like tissue formation by bone morphogenetic protein application

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Recent studies have shown that bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) stimulates mineralization and osteoclast differentiation. Osteoclastic resorption by BMP-2 application may play an important role in the regulation of new cementum-like tissue formation on the dentin surfaces. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effect of BMP-2 application on dentin resorption and cementum-like tissue formation at the dentin surfaces. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventy-two flat dentin blocks were prepared from rat roots and treated with 24% EDTA. Each block was assigned to group 0, group 100, or group 400, and immersed correspondingly in 0, 100, or 400 microg/ml BMP-2. The dentin blocks were then implanted into palatal connective tissue of rats, and specimens were prepared 2, 4 and 8 wk after surgery for histologic and histomorphometric analyses. RESULTS: BMP-2 caused a dose-dependent increase in dentin resorption by osteoclastic cells. New cementum-like tissue was randomly formed on parts of the nonresorbed and resorbed dentin surfaces in groups 100 and 400. Dentin resorption in groups 100 and 400 was significantly greater than group 0 (p < 0.01). However, at 8 wk, new cementum-like tissue formed in 41.8% of group 100, as compared with 16.2% of group 400 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Dentin resorption was stimulated by a high dose of BMP-2, and cementum-like tissue was induced by a low dose of BMP-2, effectively suggesting that BMP-2 application, at an appropriate dose, to a dentin surface may enhance periodontal regeneration.     

Immunohistochemical localization of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) in calcifying fibrous epulis

Immunohistochemical detection of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) in calcifying fibrous epulis was performed to elucidate the biological process of ossification and cemento-ossification. In a total 25 cases, 15 (60%) showed positive BMP staining in bone forming areas. Histopathological features of developing hard tissues were varied, consisting of structures such as woven bone and cemento-osseous formations. BMP immunostaining was limited to osteoblasts and fibrous connective tissue surrounding the bone matrix. BMP was concentrated in the periodontal fibres and in dense fibrous structures in the cemento-osseous masses. On the basis of histopathological and immunohistochemical features, the histogenesis of ossifying and cemento-ossifying processes appear to be of two possible origins; the excessive proliferation of periodontal ligament and a meta-plastic process occurring in the connective tissue fibres (non-periodontal in origin), with the former being more common.