Activation-induced T cell apoptosis by monocytes from stem cell products.

We recently found that mobilized peripheral blood stem cell (PSC) products (from both cancer patients and normal donors) contain high levels of CD14+ monocytes, which can inhibit the proliferation of allogeneic and autologous T cells. We found in our studies that using CD14+ monocytes from mobilized PSC products (from normal and cancer patient donors), normal apheresis products or normal peripheral blood (PB) can affect lymphocyte function and apoptosis-dependent T cell activation. However, it appears that the apoptosis is dependent on the frequency of monocytes, which is increased by both mobilization and apheresis. Both phytohemagglutinin (PHA)- and interleukin (IL)-2-induced proliferation of steady-state peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were markedly inhibited by co-culture with irradiated CD14+ monocytes, although inhibition was significantly greater with PHA than with IL-2 stimulation. IL-2 (predominately CD56+ NK cells) or anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) and IL-2-expanded lymphocytes (activated T cells) were inhibited by PSC monocytes to a significantly greater level as compared to steady-state lymphocytes. Indeed, no inhibition of T cell proliferation was observed when lymphocytes were co-cultured in the absence of mitogenic or IL-2 stimulation. In contrast, an increased proliferation was observed in co-cultures of CD14+ monocytes and steady-state or activated lymphocytes without mitogenic stimulation. Cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry revealed a significant increase in hypodiploid DNA, in a time-dependent manner, following co-culture of monocytes and PBMC in PHA, suggesting that T cell apoptosis occurred during PHA-induced activation. These results demonstrate that PSC-derived monocytes inhibit T cell proliferation by inducing the apoptosis of activated T cells and NK cells, but not steady-state cells. This suggests a potential role for monocytes in the induction of peripheral tolerance following stem cell transplantation.     

Generation of CD2+CD8+ NK Cells from c-kit+ Bone Marrow Cells in Porcine

Natural killer (NK) cells provide one of the initial barriers of cellular host defense against pathogens, in particular intracellular pathogens. Because bone marrow-derived hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), lymphoid protenitors, can give rise to NK cells, NK ontogeny has been considered to be exclusively lymphoid. Here, we show that porcine c-kit⁺ bone marrow cells (c-kit⁺ BM cells) develop into NK cells in vitro in the presence of various cytokines [interleukin (IL)-2, IL-7, IL-15, IL-21, stem cell factor (SCF), and fms-like tyrosine kinase-3 ligand (FLT3L)]. Adding hydrocortisone (HDC) and stromal cells greatly increases the frequency of c-kit⁺ BM cells that give rise to CD2⁺CD8⁺ NK cells. Also, intracellular levels of perforin, granzyme B, and NKG2D were determined by RT-PCR and western blotting analysis. It was found that of perforin, granzyme B, and NKG2D levels significantly were increased in cytokine-stimulated c-kit⁺ BM cells than those of controls. And, we compared the ability of the cytotoxicity of CD2⁺CD8⁺ NK cells differentiated by cytokines from c-kit⁺ BM cells against K562 target cells for 28 days. Cytokines-induced NK cells as effector cells were incubated with K562 cells as target in a ratio of 100:1 for 4 h once a week. In results, CD2⁺CD8⁺ NK cells induced by cytokines and stromal cells showed a significantly increased cytotoxicity 21 days later. Whereas, our results indicated that c-kit⁺ BM cells not pretreated with cytokines have lower levels of cytotoxicity. Taken together, this study suggests that cytokines-induced NK cells from porcine c-kit⁺ BM cells may be used as adoptive transfer therapy if the known obstacles to xenografting (e.g. immune and non-immune problems) were overcome in the future.     

Administration of macrophage colony-stimulating factor mobilized both CD11b+CD11c+ cells and NK1.1+ cells into peripheral blood

We attempted the phenotypic characterization of peripheral blood (PB) cells after daily administration of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) in mice. The number of CD11b+ cells was increased by M-CSF treatment (2- and 5-day injections). Notably, CD11bbrightCD11cdim, CD11b+CD11c+ and CD11b+CD80+ cells were significantly increased by 2-day treatment of M-CSF. On the other hand, the number of NK1.1+ cells was not changed by the 2-day treatment, but it was significantly increased by the 5-day treatment. However, the numbers of CD3+ and NK1.1+CD3+ cells were not changed by M-CSF treatment. Then, mononuclear cells (MNCs) were separated from the PB of mice treated with saline or M-CSF, and they were incubated with GM-CSF + IL-4 or IL-2. Compared with the saline-treated one (S-MNCs), the MNCs of M-CSF-treated mice (M-MNCs) showed strong proliferation by the GM-CSF + IL-4 stimulation. The MNCs could stimulate proliferation of allo-T cells in the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), especially the M-MNCs showed strong reaction. On the other hand, the stimulation by IL-2 induced strong cell growth of MNCs. And M-CSF treatment enhanced this response. Furthermore, the M-MNCs (stimulated by IL-2 in vitro) exhibited greater cytotoxicity against Yac-1 cells than the S-MNCs. In conclusion, we found that administration of M-CSF mobilized CD11b+, CD11b+CD11c+, CD11b+CD80+, and NK1.1+cells into PB. And the injection of M-CSF facilitates the generation of dendritic and natural killer cells from PB cells in vitro. These results suggest that the mobilized cells may provide for application of immunotherapy.     

Fatal adenovirus infection indistinguishable from thrombotic microangiopathy after allogeneic CD34+ peripheral progenitor cell transplantation

A 10-year-old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in second relapse received CD34+ purified allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) from his HLA-haploidentical father. The patient developed grade II acute GVHD and received high-dose methyl-prednisolone starting on day + 13 posttransplant. Renal dysfunction followed by massive gastrointestinal bleeding was observed from day + 14. The laboratory findings including elevated serum LDH, increased RBC fragmentation, higher level of thrombomodulin and undetectable haptoglobin corresponded with the diagnosis of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). In spite of various treatments, the patient died of multiple organ failure on day + 93. Post-mortem examination revealed systemic adenovirus infection without histological findings of TMA. Severe adenovirus infection may be confused with TMA, and should be distinguished by rapid virological assay.     

急性白血病患者CD4+CD25+FoxP3+调节性T细胞、IL-17和IL-23的表达及临床意义

目的观察急性白血病(AL)患者外周血中CD4+CD25+FoxP3+调节性T细胞比例、血清白细胞介素(IL)17和IL-23的表达及其临床意义。方法用流式细胞术测定25例AL患者[急性髓系白血病(AML)15例,急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)10例]和10例健康体检者(对照组)外周血中CD4+CD25+FoxP3+调节性T细胞比例,ELISA法测定血清中IL-17和IL-23的表达,分析其间的相关性。结果 AML患者组CD4+CD25+FoxP3+调节性T细胞比例显著高于对照组[(6.52±3.25)vs.(3.58±1.02)](P<0.05);AML和ALL组血清IL-17水平显著高于对照组[(7.21±2.00),(7.47±1.63)vs.(4.52±1.62)](P<0.05)。AL患者血清IL-17和IL-23水平显著正相关(P<0.05)。结论 CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞和IL-17细胞在AML的免疫功能抑制中可能有重要作用,而IL-17细胞在ALL的免疫功能抑制中可能产生作用。     

Head and neck cancer triggers increased IL-6 production of CD34+ stem cells from human cord blood

BACKGROUND: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are infiltrated by various kinds of immune cells, which show massively impaired immune functions. The influence of HNSCC on CD34 + progenitor cells from human cord blood was analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CD34+ cells were isolated from human cord blood by 'magnetic bead separation' using magnetically labelled antibodies. Immunofluorescent staining of CD34+ cells in solid HNSCC was carried out. Cytokine levels of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 were analyzed with flow cytometry using the BD CBA Human Soluble Protein Flex Set system (Becton Dickinson). RESULTS: We demonstrated that HNSCC triggered CD34+ cells to produce increased levels of the tumor-promoting cytokine IL-6 and thus they participate in the development of the microenvironment of head and neck cancer. CONCLUSION: HNSCC modulates the cytokine secretion profile of tumor infiltrating cells to escape from efficient immune responses und to trigger its own malignant progression.     

人脐血CD34^ 内皮祖细胞的体外分化

目的：研究人脐血CD34^ 细胞群体中内皮祖细胞在体外分化为内皮细胞的过程中,干细胞标志以及内皮细胞表型随时间的变化。方法：将免疫磁珠细胞分选法（MACS）得到的CD34^ 细胞体外培养于纤连蛋白和无纤连蛋白处理的培养皿中,以免疫细胞化学鉴定贴壁细胞的内皮标志Flk-1和vWF,并以流式细胞仪分析其干细胞标志AC133。结果：贴壁细胞的内皮标志Flk-1和vWF是逐步出现的,d3时有27.0%贴壁细胞表达Flk-1,vWF不表达,d7时已100%表达vWF和Flk-1,纤连蛋白促进贴壁细胞内皮标志Flk-1和vWF的表达,d3时的表达百分率分别为34.0%和47.0%,d7时Flk-1和vWF的表达均为100%,在培养过程中,AC133阳性细胞的比例迅速下降,但纤连蛋白对AC133的表达无显著影响。结论：在内皮祖细胞分化的过程中,干细胞标志迅速消失,向内皮细胞分化,内皮细胞的表型是逐步出现的,纤连蛋白促进内皮祖细胞的分化。     

In-vitro generation and characterisation of murine CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells with indirect allospecificity

Naturally arising CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells play a pivotal role in the prevention of autoimmunity and in the induction of donor-specific transplantation tolerance. Harnessing regulatory cells for potential adoptive cell therapy is hampered by their lack of antigen-specificity and their limited numbers. Here we describe the generation and expansion of murine CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells with antigen-specificity for an K(d) peptide as potential reagents for adoptive cell therapy in promoting donor-specific transplantation tolerance. Using bone marrow-derived autologous dendritic cells pulsed with the K(d) peptide, we generated T cell lines from purified CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells from C56BL/6 mice. The T cell lines expressed high level of CD25 and low level of CD45RB and CD69. They maintained the expression of CD62L, GITR, CTLA-4 and more importantly FoxP3. The CD4(+)CD25(+) T cell lines were anergic after TCR stimulation and produced little cytokine such as IL-2 and IFN-gamma. Importantly, they were more potent than freshly isolated CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells in suppressing proliferation and cytokine secretion by effector CD4(+) T cells. Furthermore, the CD4(+)CD25(+) T cell lines could be expanded to large cell numbers and maintained in culture up to 1 year. The K(d)-specific CD4(+)CD25(+) T cell lines will be invaluable in devising a strategy for the induction of cardiac transplantation tolerance in wild-type B6 mice carrying a full mismatch BALB/c heart.     

CD22 CAR-T挽救治疗CD19 CAR-T治疗后短期复发的TP53突变阳性难治急性B淋巴细胞白血病一例 #br#

难治急性淋巴细胞白血病病死率极高,CAR-T 细胞免疫治疗为此提供新的选择。本文介绍 1 例 CD19 CAR-T细胞治疗缓解后短期复发的 TP53突变阳性难治急性 B淋巴细胞白血病,经 CD22 CAR-T联合单倍体异基因 造血干细胞移植治疗成功的病例。本研究采用流式细胞术观察患者 CD19 CAR-T细胞和 CD22 CAR-T细胞两次治 疗的外周血 CAR-T细胞比例,PCR法检测 CAR基因表达;临床观察患者 2次 CAR-T细胞治疗过程中的疗效和不良 反应。结果显示,CD19 CAR-T和 CD22 CAR-T细胞 2次治疗均于第 14天达到骨髓完全缓解,且不良反应轻微。但 CD19 CAR-T细胞治疗缓解后 2周骨髓复发,患者外周血检测到异常 19 CAR基因表达,同时 TP53突变水平亦增高。 最终 CD22 CAR-T 细胞挽救治疗桥接单倍体造血干细胞移植后成功。由此表明在细胞制备过程中应进一步提高 CD3+细胞纯度;CD22 CAR-T治疗可以作为CD19 CAR-T治疗复发的一个挽救治疗措施。     

转HOXB4基因人骨髓MSC促进脐血CD34~+细胞体外扩增

目的 研究转HOXB4基因的人骨髓间充质干细胞(MSC)对脐血CD34~+细胞体外扩增的支持作用.方法 用病毒载体质粒转染包装细胞293T,收获病毒上清(VCM)感染MSC后,用潮霉素筛选获得转HOXB4的MSC(MSC-HOX).分别将MSC(对照组)与MSC-HOX细胞(实验组)作为CD34~+细胞体外扩增的饲养层细胞,结合细胞因子Fh3/Flk3配体(FL)、促血小板生成素(TPO)、干细胞因子(SCF)和粒细胞-集落生长因子(G-CSF)体外扩增脐血CD34~+细胞10 d,收集所有脐血细胞,检测细胞总数、CD34~+细胞总数,集落细胞形成单位(CFU)数.结果 生产重组逆转录病毒可有效将HOXB4基因转入靶细胞内并表达.脐血CD34~+细胞经体外扩增10 d后,细胞总数和CFU数两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),脐血CD34~+细胞总数和比例高于对照组(P<0.05).结论 转HOXB4基因的人骨髓MSC在脐血CD34~+细胞体外扩增中,可保持CD34~+细胞未分化状态,有潜在的应用价值.     

Azithromycin modulates immune response of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells and CD4+ T cells

Azithromycin (AZM) is a macrolide antibiotic that exhibits anti-inflammatory activity aside from its antimicrobial effect, a feature that may ameliorate certain inflammatory disorders and prevent graft-versus-host disease in patients receiving stem cell transplantation. In the present study, we investigated the ability of AZM to influence the function of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) and CD4⁺ T cells. We found that AZM down-regulated CD80, CD86, and HLA-DR expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated DCs and suppressed interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha production in these cells. In addition, AZM increased endocytosis and/or expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR)2, TLR4, and TLR9 in DCs and suppressed anti-CD3/CD28–induced CD4⁺ T cell proliferation and interferon-gamma production, an effect that was synergistic with dexamethasone. Finally, AZM suppressed DC-induced allogeneic T cell proliferation and cytokine production. Our study demonstrates that AZM modulates DC and CD4⁺ T cell function and may be of therapeutic benefit in various inflammatory disorders.     

rhIL-12联合HBsAg刺激健康人外周血单核细胞对IL-12R的影响

目的确认重组人白细胞介素12(rhIL-12)联合乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)可增强健康人外周血单核细胞(PBMC)产生特异性细胞免疫应答,并分析其细胞来源,及对IL-12R的影响,探讨hIL-12联合HBsAg作为治疗型乙型肝炎疫苗的应用前景。方法 8名健康人PBMC分别与rhIL-12(1 ng/mL)、rHBsAg(500 ng/mL)和rhIL-12(1ng/mL)+rHBsAg(500 ng/mL)体外孵育,采用流式细胞术检测CD4+IFN-γ(γ-干扰素)+T细胞、CD8+IFN-γ+T细胞及CD56+IFN-γ+NK细胞百分比,并测定表达IL-12Rβ1、IL-12Rβ2的细胞百分比。结果 rhIL-12与rHBsAg联合组CD8+IFN-γ+T细胞及CD56+IFN-γ+NK细胞百分比均较对照组明显升高,且有非常显著差异(P<0.01),联合组CD8+IL-12Rβ1和CD56+IL-12Rβ1与单用rhIL-12或rHBsAg组比较均显著升高。结论提示rhIL-12联合rHBsAg诱生的IFN-γ主要来自CD56+NK细胞、CD8+T细胞,其次是CD4+T细胞;rhIL-12和rHBsAg单独均能上调健康人PBMCs表面IL-12R的表达,rhIL-12与rHBsAg联合具有增强作用。     

The Interaction of Maintenance Interferon with Cytolytic Cells in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Who Responded to Cytotoxic Chemotherapy

Study Objective . To determine the long-term effects of maintenance interferon on CD56+ and CD3+ cell activity. Design . Prospective phase II trial. Setting . Tertiary medical center and level 2 Veterans Administration hospital. Patients . Seven patients (age 45–74 yrs) with multiple myeloma who had reached the plateau phase from cytotoxic chemotherapy, and seven age- and sex-matched controls. Interventions . All patients were given interferon-α2b 3 × 10⁶ U/m² 3 times/week. Measurements and Main Results . The CD56+, CD3+, and CD16+ counts were determined by flow cytometry in both peripheral blood and bone marrow. Natural killer (NK) cell functional activity was determined by a ⁵¹chromium release assay. Monocyte cell numbers were determined from the white blood cell count with differential. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentrations were determined by a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. During the 24-week study, the peripheral blood CD3+ and monocyte counts in patients with myeloma remained constant (p>0.39) but their absolute CD56+ counts decreased significantly (p=0.05). In peripheral blood, CD56+, CD16-, CD3- was the predominant phenotype in patients. The predominant phenotype in bone marrow was CD56+, CD16-, CD3+ at baseline but changed to CD56+, CD16-, CD3- by week 24. The cytolytic activity of NK cells significantly increased in bone marrow (p=0.05) whereas it remained stable in the peripheral blood (p=0.55), but only half that of the controls. Concentrations of IL-6 did not increase significantly during the study. Conclusion . In peripheral blood, NK cell activity remained stable in patients but was significantly lower than that in controls, probably secondary to the predominance of the CD56+, CD16-, CD3- phenotype in the patients. In contrast, NK cell activity increased significantly in bone marrow despite the predominance of the CD56+, CD16-, CD3- phenotype by week 24.     

异基因造血干细胞移植急性移植物抗宿主病的预防措施

目的 探讨异基因造血干细胞移植（Allo-HSCT）治疗恶性血液病时急性移植物抗宿主病（aGVHD）的预防策略.方法 对15例异基因造血干细胞移植患者联合采用重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子（rhG-CSF）动员,-7 d（回输干细胞前为-,回输后为＋,回输时为0）始环孢素静脉滴注、麦考酚吗乙酯口服;-5～-4 d环磷酰胺静脉滴注,-5 d～-2 d抗胸腺细胞球蛋白静脉滴注;-6 d～＋10 d白细胞介素11（IL-11）皮下注射;＋1 d、＋3 d、＋6 d及＋11 d甲氨蝶呤静脉滴注预防aGVHD.结果 15例患者完全植入,aGVHDⅡ～Ⅳ度的发生率20.0%,Ⅳ度的发生率6.7%,随访中位时间为30.7（4～65）个月,无复发,无恶性血液病存活.结论 异基因造血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液病时联合采用含有rhG-CSF、环孢素、麦考酚吗乙酯、环磷酰胺、抗胸腺细胞球蛋白、IL-11及短程甲氨蝶呤的方案预防aGVHD疗效可靠,值得推广.     

CD4+IL-10+调节性T细胞在特应性皮炎患者中的改变

摘要 目的 探讨特应性皮炎患者CD4+IL-10+调节性T细胞及其细胞因子的改变。方法 用流氏细胞仪直接免疫荧光法检测AD患者外周血CD4+IL-10+T细胞的绝对计数和百分率;用酶联免疫吸附试验检测外周血细胞因子IL-10、TGF-β的浓度。 结果AD患者CD4+IL-10+T细胞绝对计数为0.26+0.126×109/L,占CD4+T细胞的百分率是12.76+4.85%;而对照组CD4+IL-10+T细胞绝对计数为0.016+0.007×109/L,占CD4+T细胞的百分率是3.27+1.03%。经t检验,AD患者CD4+IL-10+T细胞绝对计数和百分率均高于对照组,有统计学差异（p <0.05）。 AD患者外周血IL-10浓度为126.59+59.46 pg/ml,高于正常对照组（31.47+10.96 pg/ml）,经t检验,有统计学差异（p<0.05）。AD患者外周血TGF-β浓度为407.23+155.88 pg/ml,高于正常对照组（359.47+99.21 pg/ml）,但经t检验,没有统计学差异（p>0.05）。CD4+IL-10+T细胞绝对计数、百分率均与外周血IL-10浓度呈正相关,有统计学意义（r=0.47,r=0.65, p <0.05）;而与外周血TGF-β无统计学相关性（r=0.15,r=0.21 , p >0.05）。结论 IL-10可能是Trl发挥功能的主要因子,通过下调由Thl和Th2细胞介导的炎症反应过程,参与免疫调节。     

强直性脊柱炎外周血Th17细胞的检测及意义

目的 探讨Th17细胞在强直性脊柱炎(AS)患者外周血中的水平及意义.方法 取40例AS患者(分AS病情稳定组、活动组各20例)和健康人外周血单个核细胞(PBMC),免疫磁珠阴选CD4~+ T细胞,用或不用非特异性刺激剂(A-CD3、A-CD28),然后加PMA/Ion,经固定/透膜处理进行细胞内染色,流式细胞术(FCM)检测CD4~+T细胞内白细胞介素17(IL-17~+)/γ于扰素(IFN-γ~+)、IL-17~+/IL-6~+水平.结果 免疫磁珠阴选CD4~+T细胞纯度达90% 以上.AS病情活动组IL-17表达水平较病情稳定组和健康对照组显著增高(P<0.01).用A-CD3、A-CD28和IL-23刺激后,CD4~+ T细胞IL-17胞内表达水平较无刺激有一定的增加.AS患者CD4~+T细胞IFN-γ胞内表达水平呈现卜IL-17表达相似的特点.AS患者IL-17胞内表达水平与IFN-γ和IL-6无显著相关.结论 AS患者外周血CD4~+ T细胞胞内IL-17和IFN-γ高表达,提示分泌IL-17的Th17细胞和分泌IFN-γ的Th1细胞共同参与了AS发病过程.     

严重联合免疫缺陷小鼠脐血移植后移植物抗宿主病的初探

目的观察SCID鼠在人脐血干/祖细胞移植后免疫功能的变化,探讨移植后移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）的发生情况。方法采集足月健康胎儿新鲜脐血,以6%HES＋NH4CL破红细胞液法分离人脐带血有核细胞。按随机原则将SCID鼠分为A、B、C三组,每组各8只：A组为脐血移植免疫功能重建、无肿瘤组;B组为脐血移植免疫功能重建、荷瘤组;C组为未重建免疫功能（免疫缺陷）、荷瘤组。A、B组分别经尾静脉程序移植（分5次）,注入人脐血有核细胞（总量5×107）,两组小鼠移植前都给予低剂量的环磷酰胺（150mg/kg）,并连续使用甲基强的松龙1周（自20mg/kg逐渐减量至5mg/kg）作为预处理。C组为未移植对照组。观察各组小鼠免疫功能的变化及GVHD的发生情况。结果 （1）脐血移植后第3周即可在SCID小鼠外周血测得人IgG,第4周即出现人源性CD3＋细胞并随着时间的延长其数值增加;（2）在观察期间SCID小鼠无腹泻、厌食、脱毛、皮疹、体重减轻、生长落后等表现,病理检查均未见明显GVHD的特征。结论人脐血程序移植加低剂量的环磷酰胺方案可替代照射预处理成功地在SCID鼠体内建立类似人类的细胞和体液免疫,并有效地预防GVHD的发生。     

Enhanced in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity of umbilical cord blood cells against human breast cancer following activation with IL-15 and colony stimulating factors

BACKGROUND: Cord blood mononuclear cells (MNC) are a rich source of precursor cytotoxic effector cells. Earlier we have shown that interleukin-2 (IL-2)-activated MNC from cord blood have significant cytotoxic activity against human leukemia and breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, compared to MNC from peripheral blood. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In order to further improve the antitumor cytotoxic ability of cord blood MNC, IL-2 was combined with IL-15 and colony stimulating factors GMCSF, G-CSF and M-CSF for the activation. The activated cells were examined for their cytotoxic effects in vitro against human breast cancer cell lines MDA-231, MDA453 and SKB43 and in vivo against MDA-231 grown in SCID mice. Phenotypes of these activated cells were determined using flow cytometry. The expression of immune response related genes in activated cells was measured using RT-PCR techniques. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in cytotoxicity of the effector cells activated with IL-2, IL-15 and some colony stimulating factors compared to cells activated with each of these cytokines alone or other combinations. Our results demonstrated the increase in cytotoxicity appears to be due to: 1) increase in CD56-positive cytotoxic cells; 2) cytokine/cytotoxic factors produced by the effector cells, such as Interferon-7 and Perforin; 3) stimulation by accessory cells, such as dendritic cells. In vivo administration of in vitro-activated cord blood cells into SCID mice bearing MDA-231 tumors reduced the number of metastases and increased survival compared to untreated tumor bearing controls. CONCLUSION: The combination of IL-2 with IL-15 and CSF is better for the activation of cord blood effector cells than to IL-2 alone.     

造血移植物中CD3~+CD8~(low)和CD3~+CD4~-CD8~(low)细胞亚群的检测及分析

目的检测造血移植物(正常人骨髓、脐血及动员后外周血)中CD3+CD8low和CD3+CD4-CD8low细胞亚群,探讨其促进造血干/祖细胞植入异基因骨髓的功能,以期拓宽脐血移植的应用范围。方法直接三色免疫荧光标记流式细胞术检测。结果CD3+CD8low和CD3+CD4-CD8low细胞亚群占CD3+细胞亚群的比例在骨髓中最高,为(8.61±1.40)%,动员后外周血次之,为(5.11±0.76)%,脐血最低,为(3.31±0.88)%(P<0.01);"初始"T(CD45RA+CD45RO-)细胞亚群占CD8low细胞亚群的比例为脐血(94.26±2.46),骨髓(58.68±7.57),动员后外周血(73.21±3.60),"初始"T占CD8high细胞亚群的比例为脐血(82.63±3.16),骨髓(38.69±3.24),动员后外周血(51.58±4.23),各移植物中"初始"T细胞亚群占CD8low细胞亚群的比例均高于其占CD8high细胞亚群的比例(P<0.01),CD8low细胞亚群中"初始"T与"记忆"T(CD45RA-CD45RO+)细胞亚群的比例均高于二者在CD8high细胞亚群的比例。结论脐血CD8low和CD8lowCD4-细胞占CD3+细胞的比例明显低于骨髓,可能是脐血移植植入延迟的原因之一;"初始T与"记忆"T细胞亚群的比例增高,可能与CD3+CD8low细胞亚群维持和诱导免疫耐受,不引起移植物抗宿主病有关。