高血压患者体成分分析与危险因素的相关性研究

目的釆用生物电阻抗法测定高血压患者的体成分,分析其特点,进一步探讨高血压发生的相关因素。方法随机选取在本院心血管内科住院的高血压患者70例为实验组,另随机选取同期来本院体检的健康成人70例为对照组,两组均采用生物电阻抗法测量体重指数(BMI)、体脂百分比、腰围、内脏脂肪面积(VFA)、节段肌肉量、骨骼肌含量等体成分指标。另测量血压,抽空腹血检验血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(CHO)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)水平。结果实验组体脂(25.19±4.24)%、腰围(91.12±6.52)cm、VFA(103.35±8.10)cm2,均高于对照组的(23.11±4.23)%、(88.64±5.96)cm、(89.58±9.88)cm2(P<0.05);下肢肌肉量(18.16±2.05)kg,低于对照组的(19.73±6.10)kg(P<0.05)。其他体成分指标与对照组无明显差异(P>0.05)。腰围、VFA与HDL呈负相关(P<0.05),与TG、CHO及血压呈正相关(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论人体体脂百分比的增多及腰围、VFA的增大,与高血压的发生可能存在一定的关系。     

光学相干断层扫描与3.0T MRI、超声法测量兔膝关节软骨厚度的比较

 目的 探索使用光学相干断层扫描技术(optical coherence tomography,OCT)无创测量兔膝关节软骨厚度的可行性。方法 选择标准化饲养成年雄性新西兰大白兔40只(80膝关节),记号笔标记不同样本同一测量点,分别采用OCT技术、3.0 T MRI、超声测量方法,由专业技师对软骨厚度进行测量,比较OCT技术与其他两种方法测量兔膝关节软骨厚度的差异。结果 同一测量点OCT技术、3.0T MRI、超声法软骨厚度测量数值结果分别为(0.31±0.03)mm、(0.30±0.05)mm、(0.33±0.06)mm, OCT与超声(t=1.995,P=0.051 )、MRI(t=1.955,P=0.054)测量数据比较差异无统计学意义。单个样本同一测量点,OCT、3.0T MRI、超声测量平均结果获得时间分别为(2.5±0.3)min、(6.3±0.7)min、(3.3±0.6)min。三种测量方法的精确度分别为0.001 mm、0.01 mm、0.01 mm。结论 光学相干断层扫描技术测量兔膝关节软骨厚度具有精确、快速、重复性好、人为误差小的特点,值得在组织工程软骨修复关节软骨缺损动物实验中广泛推广。     

比较生物型假体与骨水泥型半髋置换治疗对老年股骨颈骨折患者骨代谢指标及应激指标的影响

目的 探讨老年股骨颈骨折患者采用生物型假体与骨水泥型半髋置换治疗对骨代谢指标及应激指标的影响。方法 选取2020年1月-2022年1月治疗的老年股骨颈骨折患者共计40例,按照假体类型的不同分成观察组(20例)和对照组(20例),对照组给予骨水泥型假体半髋置换治疗,观察组给予生物型假体半髋置换治疗,比较两组临床疗效、骨代谢指标、应激指标及并发症。结果 观察组(95.00%)治疗优良率较对照组(70.00%)更高(P<0.05);两组治疗后骨碱性磷酸酶(BALP)、Ⅰ型前胶原羧基端肽(PICP)、总Ⅰ型胶原氨基端延长肽(tPINP)水平提高(P<0.05),观察组水平较对照组更高(P<0.05);两组治疗后促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、皮质醇(COR)水平提高(P<0.05),但观察组水平较对照组更低(P<0.05);观察组(10.00%)并发症发生率较对照组(40.00%)更低(P<0.05)。结论 老年股骨颈骨折患者采用生物型假体半髋置换治疗,与骨水泥型半髋置换治疗相比,临床疗效更高,可有效改善患者骨代谢指标,减少术后并发症,对...     

用生物电阻抗法测量人体体成分及分析

采用生物电阻抗方法测量了217名普通大学生的体成分,并与理想体重、体重指数、皮褶厚度法、腰臀比等其它体成分评价方法比较.结果显示,生物电阻抗方法可以测定人体体脂比,细胞内、外液,蛋白质、矿物质含量等,有助于客观地评价机体的营养状况.因其自身优势在诊断肥胖方面较其它评价体成分的方法更趋合理和科学.     

Evaluation of simple methods to estimate total body fat in healthy women

Simple methods are needed to assess the total body fat (TBF) of individual human subjects. In addition to the commonly used skinfold thickness (SFT) technique, alternative methods to estimate TBF have recently been developed. In this comparative study the TBF content of healthy Swedish women was estimated by 3 simple methods: the SFT technique, near infrared interactance (NII) and bioelectrical impedance (BEI). The results were compared with estimates obtained by underwater weighing (UWW). The SFT technique was found to have the best accuracy and precision (UWW-SFT = 0.6±3.1% TBF, n =20; UWW-NII=-1.2±4.0% TBF, n =20; UWW-BEI=3.3 ± 3.6% TBE n = 16). The NII technique was found to overestimate TBF in lean subjects and TBF was underestimated in obese subjects.     

人体脂肪含量及分布DEXA测量的可行性研究

目的探讨肥胖症定量诊断价值。方法应用双能X线吸收测量法(DEXA)对135例肥胖者及对照组75例正常体重者进行全身及局部包括上肢、下肢、躯干的脂肪含量测定,研究不同年龄段、性别的肥胖症患者及正常体重人体内脂肪含量及分布规律;探讨肥胖症患者及正常体重者DEXA的诊断指标。结果DEXA与体重测量仪对体重测量的结果进行t检验,两者无显著性差异。获得正常对照组及肥胖组的男、女的上肢、下肢、躯干及全身的脂肪含量。肥胖男性的全身脂肪含量频数表百分位数95%可信区间的下限值P5=23,肥胖女性P5=29。在每个年龄段的男、女肥胖组的全身脂肪含量都大于对照组,无论肥胖组或对照组,女性的脂肪含量都高于男性。结论DEXA测量人体内全身的脂肪含量判断肥胖症的切点男为23%,女为29%,其准确率高。     

Validation of body composition using bioelectrical impedance analysis in children according to the degree of obesity

This study aimed to validate body composition analysis using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA ) against dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA ) in children with obesity and to compare agreement between BIA and DXA according to their degree of obesity. Three hundred and sixteen children aged 6‐17 years participated in the Intervention for Childhood and Adolescents Obesity via Activity and Nutrition study. We divided participants by body mass index (BMI ) percentile (group 1: mild to moderate obesity; group 2: severe obesity) and compared body composition variables, eg, percentage of body fat (%BF ), fat mass (FM ), and fat‐free mass (FFM ) using BIA and DXA . The %BF and FM of BIA were significantly lower (−1.8% and −0.8 kg, respectively), and the FFM of BIA was significantly higher (1.4 kg) than those of DXA . There were significant negative relationships between the absolute value of differences from BIA and DXA and BMI z‐scores in %BF , FM , and FFM (regression coefficient [β]: −1.39, 95% confidence interval [CI ]: −1.81 to −0.97; β: −0.34, 95%CI : −0.61 to −0.06; β: −0.73, 95%CI : −1.03 to −0.44, respectively). The gap of body compositions between BIA and DXA decreased as participants became more obese, and the differences of FM in boys with severe obesity and the differences of %BF and FFM in girls with severe obesity were much less than those in children with mild to moderate obesity. In conclusion, the agreement between DXA and BIA was better for children with severe obesity than for children with mild to moderate obesity.     

成年大足黑山羊体重与体尺通径分析及最优回归模型的建立

运用SPSS14.0分析了成年大足黑山羊体尺与体重的相关关系、体尺对体重的直接和间接作用以及决定程度,最后建立了体重与体尺的最优回归模型.结果表明:胸宽和管围是影响公羊体重最主要的体尺指标,胸围是影响母羊体重最主要的体尺指标.公羊最优回归模型为:Y=19.630-0.940X<,6> 4.346X<,7>,母羊最优回归模型为:Y=-17.942 0.661X4.     

腰椎间盘病变的CT和脊髓造影检查以及与手术比较(附61例分析)

本文回顾分析经手术证实的腰椎间盘病变61例,51例行CT 和脊髓造影双重检查,10例单纯经CT 检查。51例中,CT 和脊髓造影均与手术符合39例,另12例中,CT 与手术符合9例,部分符合1例,假阳性2例;脊髓造影失败3例,假阴性3例,假阳性5例,部分符合1例。10例单纯CT 检查,9例与手术符合,1例部分符合。与手术比较,CT 总的正确率为95%;脊髓造影为78%。本组统计资料表明,CT 对腰椎间盘病变的诊断正确性明显高于脊髓造影。