踝肱指数与糖尿病患者的大血管并发症相关危险因素分析

目的:分析踝肱指数与2型糖尿病发生大血管并发症的相关性,对大血管并发症的危险因素进行探讨,分析踝肱指数作为评价糖尿病大血管病变简易指标的可靠性。方法:对120例2型糖尿病患者分别进行ABI指数测定,0.9≤ABI≤1.4为正常,ABI<0.9为低,ABI>1.4为高,根据ABI值分为低组、正常组和高组,对危险因素进行相关分析。结果:与正常ABI组比较,高ABI和低ABI者腰围、臀围比、C-反应蛋白、尿酸、血脂显著增高,心肌缺血、高血压、脑梗死合并症发生率呈显著增高。结论:ABI异常的2型糖尿病患者大血管并发症危险因素增加,踝肱指数可作为预测糖尿病大血管病变的简易指标。     

踝肱指数用于诊断糖尿病下肢动脉病变的意义

目的分析踝肱指数(ABI)对2型糖尿病下肢动脉病变的诊断意义及其影响因素。方法对入选的126例患者测定ABI,以ABI<0.9为异常,分成PAD组(合并下肢动脉病变组)和非PAD组(正常组),比较两组病人的年龄、病程、餐后2小时血糖、HbA1C、TG、LDL-C有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论ABI可用于早期诊断糖尿病下肢血管病变,而增龄、病程长、高血糖、高TG、LDL-C是下肢动脉病变的危险因素。     

初诊2型糖尿病患者踝肱指数异常率临床分析

目的研究初诊2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者中踝肱指数(ABI)异常率及影响因素。方法检测初诊T2DMABI值320例,ABI<0.9或≥1.3为异常组(A组),0.9相似文献   

2型糖尿病下肢血管病变与血清同型半胱氨酸的关系

目的  探讨2型糖尿病患者下肢血管病变与血清同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）的关系。方法  选择325例2型糖尿病患者,其踝肱指数（ABI）< 0.90 的患者为下肢血管病变组（PAD组,n=115）,ABI介于0.90与1.3之间（0.90≤ABI≤1.3）的患者为非PAD组 (n=186)。对ABI<0.90患者: ABI≤0.5为重症下肢缺血组(n=25),0.5相似文献   

踝肱指数用于诊断糖尿病下肢外周血管病变的临床意义

目的 探讨踝肱指数(ABI)用于诊断糖尿病下肢外周血管病变(PAD)的临床价值. 方法 采用英国产ES-1000SPM血管多谱勒诊断仪对98名2型糖尿病患者进行ABI测定,以ABI＜0.9为异常,分成PAD组和非PAD组,比较两组病人的年龄、病程、血糖、血脂、肾功能、HbA1C. 结果 检出糖尿病下肢血管病变38例(38.8%),其中无临床症状者15例.和非PAD组比较,PAD组患者年龄大,病程长,餐后2 h血糖、TG、LDL-C、HbA1C均明显升高,有显著性差异(P＜0.05). 结论 踝肱指数可用于早期诊断糖尿病下肢血管病变,且无创、价廉、简单,患者易接受.高龄、病程长、高血糖、高TG、LDL-C是引起下肢血管病变的危险因素.     

2型糖尿病下肢血管病变相关危险因素分析

目的:分析2型糖尿病下肢血管病变相关危险因素,同时评价踝肱比指数(ABI)的意义。方法:对97例住院的2型糖尿病进行回顾性分析。结果:55.6%(54/97)患者双下肢血管彩超示有下肢血管病变,与糖尿病病程、高血压病程、年龄、糖化血红蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、总胆固醇、尿微量蛋白呈正相关。其中,ABI<0.9的47例中40例下肢血管彩超示有下肢血管病变。结论:糖尿病下肢血管病变是由多种因素综合作用所致。ABI配合下肢血管彩超检查有助于早期发现糖尿病下肢血管病变,良好的血糖、血压、血脂控制可延缓其发展。     

2型糖尿病患者踝肱指数和肾小球滤过率的关系

目的探讨2型糖尿病患者踝肱指数和肾小球滤过率的相关性。方法纳入160例2型糖尿病患者,测算踝肱指数及肾小球滤过率。依照踝肱指数分为两组:ABI≤0.9和0.9相似文献   

438例住院2型糖尿病患者踝肱指数及相关指标分析

目的了解2型糖尿病中异常踝肱指数(ABI)的发生率,并探讨其与临床相关指标的关系,为糖尿病慢性并发症的防治提供理论依据。方法 438例确诊为2型糖尿病的住院患者,分为ABI正常组(0.9≤ABI≤1.3)325例、低ABI组(ABI<0.9)98例及高ABI组(ABI>1.3)15例,所有患者均进行ABI及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)等生化资料的检测并收集临床病史资料进行回顾性分析。结果①ABI的异常率为25.8%,低ABI组的年龄、病程、HbA1C、LDL、超敏CRP均高于正常组,高ABI组的年龄、超敏CRP明显高于低ABI组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);三组间比较,高血压、吸烟史、糖尿病肾病、糖尿病视网膜病变、周围神经病变、心脑血管病变及糖尿病足差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。②Logistic回归显示:2型糖尿病患者的年龄、病程、HbA1C及视网膜病变、心脑血管病、糖尿病足是低ABI的独立危险因素;吸烟及高血压是高ABI的危险因素。结论 ABI降低或异常升高可较好的预测糖尿病慢性并发症及心脑血管疾病的发生,对有ABI异常的2型糖尿病患者采取积极有效的干预措施意义重大。     

2型糖尿病730例下肢动脉病变相关危险因素分析

目的:研究2型糖尿病患者下肢动脉病变的危险因素。方法:对730例住院2型糖尿病患者行踝臂指数(ABI)检测,分为ABI降低组(ABI<0.9)和ABI正常组(0.9≤ABI<1.3),测定血脂、体重指数、血糖、HbA1c、血压等。结果:730例2型糖尿病患者中94例ABI<0.9,636例ABI在0.91～1.29之间。与ABI正常组相比,ABI降低组年龄[(64.3±10.5岁)vs(55.6±11.4岁)];糖尿病病程[(10.7±4.4年)vs(6.3±5.6年)];LDL-C[(3.33±1.25mmol/L)vs(2.57±0.77mmol/L)];收缩压[(148±19mmHg)vs(128±17mmHg)];均有极显著性差异(P<0.01)。经Logistic回归分析,糖尿病病程、LDL-C、收缩压与低踝臂指数明显相关(P<0.01)。结论:10年以上糖尿病史、LDL-C升高、收缩压升高是2型糖尿病下肢动脉病变的危险因素。     

踝臂指数与冠心病的相关性研究

目的观察踝臂指数对冠心病及其严重程度的预测价值。方法收集478例行冠状动脉造影者的临床资料,测定生化指标及踝臂指数(ABI)。结果冠心病组和非冠心病组的ABI差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。ABI<0.9和ABI>1.3组的冠心病患者比率明显高于ABI正常组(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示:ABI值异常(<0.9或>1.3)是冠心病的独立影响因素。ABI异常(<0.9或>1.3)预测冠心病的灵敏度为16.4%,特异度为94.6%。ABI在非冠心病、单支病变、双支病变、三支病变组之间差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01),ABI随病变支数增加而逐渐降低。ABI值分别在<0.9、0.9~1.3、>1.3时,三组间冠脉单支病变、双支病变、三支病变所占比率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两两比较结果显示:ABI<0.9组单支病变比率明显小于ABI正常组;ABI>1.3组双支病变比率明显大于ABI正常组;ABI<0.9组三支病变比率明显大于ABI正常组。结论 ABI对于冠心病及其严重程度具有预测价值,且优于传统危险因素。ABI预测冠心病敏感度低,特异度高。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.