流式细胞仪动态检测成人急性白血病细胞动力学的临床意义

应用流式细胞仪（ＦＣＭ）动态检测３４例成人急性白血病患者１４６份骨髓标本的细胞动力学参数，并以１０例正常人骨髓标本为对照。结果显示：（１）成人急性白血病患者骨髓标本Ｓ％在不同临床阶段存在一定差异。（２）白血病患者完全缓解时Ｓ％与正常组差异不显著；而巩固强化可使Ｓ％一过性降低。（３）典型病例动态检测表明不同化疗方案对Ｓ％的影响不同。说明动态观察Ｓ％的变化可为诱导和巩固强化的化疗方案个体化提供客观的细胞动力学参数。     

Detection of aneuploid cells in acute lymphoblastic leukemia with flow cytometry before and after therapy

We have evaluated the proliferative activity and DNA content of immunophenotyped hematopoietic cells applying flow cytometry. After indirect immunofluorescence the cell membrane was permeabilized for propidium iodide staining of DNA. Compared with single parameter detection of DNA content this method has more certainty in the determination of aneuploidies in lymphatic leukemia cells. Immunophenotyped residual normal hematopoietic cells were used as an internal standard. If this method was tested for evaluation of therapeutic effects after chemotherapy greater sensitivity in detection of minimal residual disease was observed than when using microscopic evaluation or single parameter DNA analysis in cases of aneuploid lymphoblastic leukemias.     

流式细胞术应用于抗肿瘤药物敏感性实验的可行性研究

Objective： To investigate the feasibility of chemosensitivity testing of antitumor drugs by flow cytometry in clinical applications so as to provide experimental and theoretical basis for the establishment of a novel antitumor drugs sensitivity testing and the screening of particular antitumor drugs. Methods： Detect the apoptosis rate of 12 cases of Molt-4 cell line, 57 cases of fresh clinical gastrointestinal tumor cells by Sub-G1 and Annexin V assay of flow cytometry under the effects of antitumor drugs at different times and the outcomes were compared with the ones of the MTT （3-（4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2） -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide） assay. Results： The lethality of drugs on Molt-4 cell, clinical gastrointestinal tumor cells had a positive correlation with the acting time of antidrugs by employing Annexin V, Sub-G1 and MTT assay. Drug-incurring maximum lethality of Annexin V assay was higher than MTT colorimetric assay, that of Sub-G1 was lower than MTT assay, the virtual times of Annexin V and Sub-G1 assay were obviously earlier than that of MTT colorimetric assay. Conclusion： Annexin V and Sub-G1 assay of flow cytometry can be taken as potent protocols testing anti-tumor drug chemosensitivity. Annexin V assay is featured by more sensitive, concise, reliable compared with the classical chemosensitivity testing assay of MTT colorimetric assay and it possesses clinical applied value.     

干扰RNA对HT-29细胞周期和凋亡活性的影响

目的：研究干扰RNA质粒载体对肿瘤细胞的作用。方法：制备了针对FGF3基因的干扰RNA质粒载体（pRNATU6．1／NeoGFP—FGF3）,并选用大肠癌细胞株HT-29为实验对象,流式细胞仪观察干扰RNA质粒载体对HT-29细胞周期和凋亡活性的影响。结果：细胞周期分析发现转染pRNATU6．1／NeoGFP-FGF3后,HT-29细胞增殖能力减弱;细胞凋亡实验表明干扰RNA质粒载体有明显的促进肿瘤细胞凋亡作用。结论：干扰RNA质粒载体能明显抑制HT-29肿瘤细胞的增殖,并且能显著促进细胞凋亡。     

干扰RNA对HT-29细胞周期和凋亡活性的影响

目的:研究干扰RNA质粒载体对肿瘤细胞的作用.方法:制备了针对FGF3基因的干扰RNA质粒载体(pRNATU6.1/NeoGFP-FGF3),并选用大肠癌细胞株HT-29为实验对象,流式细胞仪观察干扰RNA质粒载体对HT-29细胞周期和凋亡活性的影响.结果:细胞周期分析发现转染pRNATU6.1/NeoGFP-FGF3后,HT-29细胞增殖能力减弱;细胞凋亡实验表明干扰RNA质粒载体有明显的促进肿瘤细胞凋亡作用.结论:干扰RNA质粒载体能明显抑制HT-29肿瘤细胞的增殖,并且能显著促进细胞凋亡.     

流式细胞术检测亚砷酸、硼替佐米对淋巴瘤细胞株细胞周期和凋亡率的影响

 目的　研究不同浓度的亚砷酸（As2O3）、硼替佐米（BOR）单用及联合应用对恶性淋巴瘤细胞株Raji细胞细胞周期的影响。方法　采用流式细胞术（FCM）检测不同浓度梯度As2O3、BOR单用及联合应用对Raji细胞作用后,不同时间（24、48、72 h）G1、S期占整个细胞周期的比例以及凋亡率。结果　FCM检测细胞周期显示：As2O3使Raji细胞细胞周期阻滞在G1期,使G1期细胞占细胞周期的比例明显增高,S期明显减少,呈现剂量、时间依赖效应（P＜0.0001）,并出现明显凋亡峰。BOR对Raji细胞G1、S期所占比例与对照组相比差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。而两药联合组与单用As2O3组亦无明显差异（P＞0.05）。但两药联合组凋亡率由16.98 %提高到45.84 %。结论　As2O3阻抑细胞周期于G1期来对Raji细胞发挥作用,两药联合增加促凋亡作用。     

Oral cytology assessment by flow cytometry of DNA adducts, aneuploidy, proliferation and apoptosis shows differences between smokers and non-smokers

Oral cytology and morphometric staining is used to identify malignant keratinocytes in oral premalignant or malignant lesions. To detect and to begin to assess changes in oral keratinocytes exposed to tobacco-derived carcinogens, which are at risk for malignant transformation, a novel method is required. The approach uses oral cytology harvested oral keratinocytes analyzed using flow cytometry (FC) for changes in DNA content, damage, cell cycle and apoptosis. Six smoker and six non-smoker oral keratinocytes were evaluated using flow cytometry in the form of laser scanning cytometry (LSC) and laser microdissection (LMD). Among smokers compared to non-smokers, the method detected and assessed DNA damage from tobacco smoke exposure quantifying an enhanced formation of DNA adducts, such as, 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanine (8-OHdG) which creates oxidation lesions and benzo[a]pyrene(B[a]P), which produces a B[a]P)-N2-dG bulky adduct. Increased DNA content, aneuploidy, percentage of cells in synthesis (S) and G₂+Mitosis (M), and apoptosis were recorded. Tissue and cell controls were used to verify these relationships. Data suggested healthy smokers were at increased risk for malignant transformation of oral keratinocytes because of the changes stated above. Using identical methods, keratinocytes exposed to the tobacco derived carcinogen, B[a]P parallel results obtained from smoke exposure indicating a direct link. Flow cytometric evaluation of oral cytology harvested keratinocytes can be used to measure exposure to tobacco carcinogens, and possibly establish a link to premalignant and malignant transformation before a lesion is noted.     

造血B祖细胞与急性B淋巴细胞白血病细胞的流式细胞术免疫表型分析与鉴别

目的 分析造血B祖细胞与急性B淋巴细胞白血病（B-ALL）细胞在形态学、免疫表型等方面的差异,为造血B祖细胞、微小残留白血病细胞的正确鉴定提供参考.方法 采用流式细胞术对临床确诊的58例B-ALL患者初诊、缓解、复发期的132份骨髓样本进行细胞免疫表型分析,通过CD34/CD10/CD19/CD45或CD34/CD10/CD45/CD19/CD20/CD38抗体组合鉴定造血B祖细胞群.结果 132份骨髓样本中,45份（34％）检出造血B祖细胞群,检测范围0～36％,其中3份样本出现在初诊病例,1份样本出现在复发病例,41份样本出现在缓解病例.66份缓解病例样本中,造血B祖细胞检出率为62％（41/66）.白血病细胞在初诊、复发病例中均占有核细胞群体5％以上,24份缓解病例样本可检出低于5％的残留白血病细胞.造血B祖细胞与白血病细胞共存在28份样本中,其中3份出现在初诊病例,1份出现在复发病例,24份出现在缓解病例.造血B祖细胞CD45呈阴性至弱阳性连续分布,侧向散射信号（SSC）较低,早期造血B祖细胞群CD34＋,随着细胞成熟度的增加,CD34消失.CD19、CD10在造血B祖细胞整个阶段均为阳性,早期CD10表达强度更高.白血病细胞呈“发育阻滞”模式,呈现为较均一的荧光细胞群;SSC值较正常B祖细胞偏高.白血病细胞抗原表达过强或过低的表型在正常造血B祖细胞均未见到,且造血B祖细胞不会出现交叉系列抗原标记,CD20呈阴性至弱阳性的连续分布.结论 造血B祖细胞在B-ALL患者不同阶段均不同程度地存在,尤其在化疗后的骨髓恢复期有一过性增长,分析此阶段的样本鉴定B系群体来源需谨慎.了解正常细胞的发育背景、认知白血病细胞表型的漂移变化模式及掌握多色分析优化抗体组合的流式细胞技术,对白血病细胞的准确鉴定及微小残留病检测的准确性提升具有重要意义.     

DNA flow cytometry and breast cancer

Summary Measurement of cellular DNA content by flow cytometry is capable of detecting aneuploid stemlines, and also of giving an indication of tumor proliferation kinetics by approximating the percentage of cells in S-phase of the replicative cycle. Because it can be applied both to fresh frozen material submitted for steroid hormone receptor analysis and to fixed paraffin-embedded blocks, it is particularly well suited to the study of breast cancer. Despite being a relatively straightforward test which is now widely used in the risk assessment of patients with early breast cancer, in common with many other prognostic markers its precise clinical role remains uncertain. An extensive body of published data has appeared in the last few years, but the results often appear to be inconclusive or contradictory.In order to define the prognostic significance of DNA cytometry in malignant diseases of the breast, large bowel, bladder, prostate, and hematopoietic system, and to clarify some of the technical issues related to clinical laboratory standards and quality controls, a DNA Cytometry Consensus Conference was held in Prout's Neck, Maine, on October 1–4, 1992. This meeting was sponsored by the NCI, the International Society for Analytical Cytology, and industry. The significance of the meeting's conclusions for clinical breast cancer are discussed here. The consensus statement regarding the clinical utility of DNA cytometry in breast cancer, and the Guidelines for the Implementation of Clinical DNA Cytometry which were generated at this meeting, also appear in this issue of Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.     

γ-H2AX细胞周期相关性的分析

Objective: To analyze and discuss cell cycle's correlation of γ-H2AX, so as to accumulate the data for the further studies of γ-H2AX. Methods: MOLT-4 cells, and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs), with or without 48 h stimulation of phytohemagglutinin (PHA), were irradiated by ultraviolet rays (UV rays). Fluorescence-labeled γ-H2AX antibody was used to detect γ-H2AX foci at the DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in chromatin, DNA damage was analyzed by flow cytometry, cell cycle and cell apoptosis were detected by sub-G1 peak method, the expression of y-H2AX was detected by Western blot. Results: With the progression of time, sub-G1 peak emerged apparently in the DNA histograms, and the cells of apoptosis increased gradually; with the progression of time, the increase of γ-H2AX emerged and firstly raised, then decreased; PBLs with 48 h stimulation of PHA entered apparently cell cycle, cells of S and G2/M phase emerged, and PBLs without stimulation of PHA did not enter cell cycle; Western blot showed the increase of the expression of γ-H2AX, and the increase also firstly raised, then decreased. Conclusion: γ-H2AX expressed in the cells of stationary phase and proliferative phase, and with the progression of time, the increase of γ-H2AX firstly raised, and then decreased.     

流式细胞术检测肾上腺肿瘤DNA含量及临床意义

目的 明确ＤＮＡ量测定是否枳和为肾上腺肿瘤良、恶性诊断的指标之一。方法 采用ＰＣＭ技术对１３例肾肯朱嗜铬细胞列肾上腺皮质肿瘤,肾上腺转移瘤和肉眼正常肾上腺组织各５例新鲜标本进行了ＤＮＡ含量测定。结果 病理为肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤及其瘤旁肾上腺标本ＤＮＡ含量多为非整倍体（１２／１３）,但求后无１例复发和转移,而６全 理为皮质腺瘤标本２例ＤＮＡ含量为非整倍体,其中１例术后出现肝转移而确诊为恶性,１例为二倍体     

紫杉醇对人胃癌细胞SGC-7901增殖及凋亡的影响

目的:研究紫杉醇(PTX)对人胃癌细胞SGC-7901增殖及凋亡的影响,并与丝裂霉素(MMC)、阿霉素(ADM)、五氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)进行比较,阐明PTX对人胃癌细胞SGC-7901抑制作用及诱导凋亡的特点。方法:MTT比色法测定PTX、MMC ADM、5-FU对人胃癌细胞SGC-7901生长增殖的影响。流式细胞仪检测PTX、MMC ADM、5-FU诱导人胃癌细胞SGC-7901凋亡周期各期比例和凋亡率的影响。结果:PTX对人胃癌细胞SGC-7901抗增殖作用的强度随药物浓度增加而加强;随时间延长而加强;呈现时间和剂量双效应。在PTX、MMC、ADM、5-FU的Cmax浓度时,抑制率分别为(22.43%、20.53%、19.68%、16.32%),PTX与MMC抑制率相当(P>0.05),比ADM、5-FU高(P<0.05),在低浓度时(0.01 Cmax),抑制率分别为(7.32%、1.02%、1.34%、1.65%),PTX有较高抑制率,且明显高于其他三种药物(P<0.01)。人胃癌细胞SGC-7901在PTX作用后首先表现为G2/M期阻滞,并在G1峰前出现凋亡峰(AP峰),随着G2/M期细胞的减少,AP峰逐渐增多。PTX对人胃癌细胞SGC-7901的凋亡诱导作用呈剂量依赖性和时间依赖性,对不同浓度PTX、MMC、ADM、5-FU诱导的细胞凋亡率进行统计学分析,发现PTX、MMC、ADM、5-FU诱导的人胃癌细胞SGC-7901随浓度的增加而增加,低浓度时增加较快。结论:PTX能有效抑制体外肿瘤细胞增殖,并随药物浓度、时间增加而增强。PTX能诱导人胃癌细胞SGC-7901凋亡,并显示剂量、时间依赖效应。     

流式细胞术Ki67/DNA双标记法在实体肿瘤中的应用

目的 探讨流式细胞术双标记法检测恶性实体肿瘤细胞DNA含量、细胞周期和Ki67表达和组织学分级之间的关系.方法 利用流式细胞术Ki67/DNA双标记法同时检测87例新鲜恶性实体肿瘤的DNA含量、细胞周期和增殖核抗原Ki67的表达.结果 异倍体发生率为40.2%,其中高分化肿瘤为11.1%,中分化肿瘤为37.5%,低分化肿瘤为46.3%.Ki67阳性细胞为0.5%～87%(17.36%±16.6%).S期细胞百分比为0～24%(5.28%±4.85%).高分化肿瘤S期细胞百分比及增殖核抗原Ki67的表达明显低于中分化和低分化肿瘤.统计学上有显著性差异(P＜0.01).中分化和低分化肿瘤之间则差异无显著性(P＞0.05).异倍体肿瘤S期细胞百分比高于二倍体肿瘤,差异有显著性(P＜0.01),而Ki67的表达在两者之间无显著性差异.结论 流式细胞术Ki67/DNA双标记法可同时检测实体恶性肿瘤细胞的DNA含量、细胞周期和增殖核抗原Ki67的表达,并能进一步阐明这些参数与组织学分级的关系.方法 简便、快速,有利于对肿瘤生物学特性的了解.     

细胞周期检测点的流式细胞术分析

背景与目的:真核细胞的细胞周期运行遵循着严格的时相次序,这种精密的延缓和强制的次序,由细胞监控机制——检测点来完成,检测点功能的丧失会导致肿瘤的发生。传统的细胞周期检测点分析多数基于群体细胞DNA直方图的流式细胞术。本研究以晚G1期检测点为模式,建立一种新的细胞周期检测点分析方法——Cyclins/DNA双参数流式细胞术,并评价应用该方法进行细胞周期检测点分析的可行性和优越性。方法:将紫外线照射诱导后的人类急性淋巴细胞型白血病细胞株(MOLT-4)于不同时间点收获固定,分两组进行流式细胞仪检测:一组用DNA直方图法,Modifit软件分析计算G0/G1期细胞总数;另一组应用CyclinE/DNA双参数流式细胞术对G1晚期细胞CyclinE的荧光强度、阈值及G0/G1各亚期细胞数量进行定量分析,并比较两组实验结果。结果:用DNA直方图法观察到紫外线照射后0～4hG0/G1期细胞总数基本不变(5300～5500),6h后开始上升(6241,12.6%)。而用CyclinE/DNA双参数法观察到:(1)G1晚期细胞的CyclinE荧光强度于照射后短时间内便开始变化,1h上升为341.2(对照295.1,15.6%),6h上升为577.6(95.7%),此时CyclinE阈值上升到5.4(0h为2.0);(2)G0/G1各亚期细胞数目变化趋势不明显:G1晚期细胞数6h时略为减少(此时凋亡率为5.61%),G1早期细胞数缓慢上升。结论:CyclinE/DNA双参数流式细胞术将CyclinE的荧光强度及表达阈值定量化,对于细胞晚G1期检测点的检测比传统的DNA直方图法更为敏感和精确。     

流式细胞术用于良恶性胸腔积液鉴别诊断的研究--DNA倍体分析和突变型p53蛋白检测

目的研究流式细胞术DNA倍体和细胞周期分析、突变型p53检测用于良恶性胸腔积液鉴别诊断的临床可行性.方法 24例标本(12例恶性,12例良性)采用流式细胞术细胞内抗原检测的直接免疫荧光标记法检测胸腔积液细胞中表达突变型p53的阳性细胞百分率和p53表达的平均荧光强度,并且通过PI染色分析细胞倍型和周期分布.结果流式细胞术DNA倍体分析用于恶性胸腔积液诊断的敏感性为66.7%,特异性100%.倍体分析和细胞学检查联合应用能将诊断的敏感性提高到100%,特异性仍为100%.良性胸腔积液和恶性胸腔积液p53表达有显著性差异.以p53阳性细胞百分率＞90%为阳性标准,p53用于良恶性胸腔积液鉴别诊断的敏感性和特异性分别为83.3%和91.7%.联合p53阳性细胞百分率和DNA倍体分析对恶性胸腔积液诊断的敏感性能提高到91.7%,特异性91.7%.细胞周期SPF(S期时相百分比)在良恶性胸腔积液之间没有显著差异.结论流式细胞术DNA倍体分析和突变型p53检测可以作为临床良恶性胸腔积液鉴别诊断的辅助手段,结合细胞学检查更有意义.     

流式细胞术检测急性白血病除脑脊液外的髓外浸润

目的:探讨流式细胞术在检测急性白血病(AL)除脑脊液以外的髓外浸润中的作用.方法:2008年10月到2014年12月在河北燕达陆道培医院进行诊疗的AL患者,出现除脑脊液以外的髓外包块或者浆液渗出的59例患者,取标本做流式细胞术检测.结果:59例髓外标本均发现肿瘤细胞浸润,与组织学检测一致.流式检测肿瘤细胞占有核细胞中位...     

Distinctive chromosomal instability patterns in oral verrucous and squamous cell carcinomas detected by high-resolution DNA flow cytometry

BACKGROUND:

Oral verrucous carcinomas (OVCs) are characterized by better prognosis than oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). Because chromosomal instability (CIN) in solid tumors is indicative of prognosis, this study investigated whether OVCs and OSCCs were characterized by differences in CIN biomarkers.

METHODS:

Fresh or frozen multiple tissue samples were submitted to high‐resolution DNA flow cytometry (hr DNA‐FCM).

RESULTS:

DNA aneuploid sublines were detected in 6 of 9 OVCs (66.7%) and in 20 of 25 OSCCs (80.0%). Multiple DNA aneuploid sublines were observed, respectively, in 2 of 6 (33.3%) DNA aneuploid OVCs and in 14 of 20 (70%) DNA aneuploid OSCCs (P = .163). OVCs were mainly characterized by DNA Index (DI) values in the near‐diploid region (DI≠1 and DI < 1.4), whereas aneuploid OSCCs carried most frequently multiple aneuploid sublines with high DI values (DI ≥ 1.4). DNA near‐diploid and high aneuploid sublines were, respectively, 87.5% and 12.5% for the OVCs versus 30% and 70% for the OSCCs (P = .004).

CONCLUSIONS:

Present data suggest that OVCs are characterized by a lower degree of CIN and tumor heterogeneity than OSCCs, such that they appear as “frozen” in an early stage of DNA near‐diploid aneuploidy, as previously observed for oral preneoplastic lesions. These DI characteristics, which can easily be obtained by hr DNA‐FCM, appear to reflect the well‐known differences in aggressiveness and prognosis of OVCs and OSCCs. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.     

体外Fas介导细胞凋亡的细胞周期特异性的检测方法

Objective： To establish a system in detecting the cell cycle specificity induced by recombinant human Fas ligand in vitro, so as to provide a reliable platform for further exploring the mechanism of cell cycle control and regulation in Fas-mediated apoptosis. Methods： The target cells-leukaemia cell lines and activated peripheral blood lymphocytes stimulated by phytohemagglutinin were incubated with recombinant human Fas ligand for 6 to 36 h, apoptosis was detected by sub-G1, common annexin-Ⅴ/PI and modified annexin Ⅴ and propidium iodide （API） methods and analysed by flow cytometry. Results： The modified API method demonstrated that Fas-mediated apoptosis was cell cycle specific and initiated at G1 phase. The common annexinⅤ/PI method showed the most appropriate condition for the detection of typical cell cycle-specific apoptosis. The sub-G1 method could only illuminate late apoptosis and DNA histogram. Conclusion： Fas-mediated apoptosis was cell cycle-specific and initiated at G 1 phase. Based on the modified API and common AnnexinⅤ/PI methods, the establishment of stable and typical cell cycle-specific model in Fas-mediated apoptosis in vitro was feasible.     

流式细胞术检测结直肠癌根治术前后循环肿瘤细胞和循环肿瘤干细胞及其临床预测价值

目的:探讨流式细胞仪检测结直肠癌根治术前后循环肿瘤细胞(circulating tumor cell,CTC)和循环肿瘤干细胞(circulating tumor stem cell,CTSC)作为患者临床预测指标的可行性和临床价值.方法:人组首诊初治50例结直肠癌患者,手术前后各抽取15 ml外周血.分离单个核细胞后分成两份,一份标记CTC标志物(CD45、EpCAM和CK),另一份标记CTSC标志物(CD45、EpCAM、CD44和CD133),Moflo XDP流式细胞仪对其进行检测,CD45-EpCAM+ CK+细胞确定为CTC;CTSC确定为3群:CD44+CTSC、CD133+ CTSC和CD44+ CD133+ CTSC.结果:结直肠癌根治术前患者CTC和CD44+ CTSC阳性率分别为34％和44％,CD133+ CTSC和CD44+CD133+ CTSC是24％和0;术后患者CTC和CD44+ CTSC阳性率分别为38％和54％,CD133+ CTSC和CD44+ CD133+ CTSC分别为26％和0.根治术前后CTC阳性率都与肿瘤T分期有关联(P＜0.05);术后CTC与肿瘤的浸润深度、淋巴结转移和远处转移有关联(P＜0.05);术前CD44+ CTSC与肿瘤的浸润深度有关联.结论:根治术前后CTC及术前CD44+ CTSC阳性率都具有临床预测指标的可行性和价值,术后CTC阳性率可能是更好的预测指标.     

石蜡包埋组织DNA含量的流式细胞分析对恶性淋巴瘤的诊断价值

 目的 探讨流式细胞术（FCM）对恶性淋巴瘤的DNA含量分析在肿瘤诊断、临床分期、分类中的意义。方法 采用流式细胞仪检测48例恶性淋巴瘤（ML）和30例淋巴结反应性增生（RLN）,石蜡包埋组织,并分析它们的DNA倍体及细胞周期变化。结果 48例恶性淋巴瘤石蜡包埋组织样本中17例为异二倍体,31例为二倍体,30例RLN为二倍体。恶性淋巴瘤的S期细胞比率（SPF）、增生指数（PI）均高于淋巴结反应性增生（P＜0.05）。结论 异倍体的出现对恶性淋巴瘤的诊断具有较高特异性。SPF,PI对恶性淋巴瘤和淋巴结反应性增生的鉴别具有重要意义。