Clinical and urodynamic features of intrinsic sphincter deficiency

AIMS: A prospective analysis of 92 patients with genuine stress incontinence was performed to identify the clinical and urodynamic features of intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD). METHODS: We divided the patients into two categories: 50 patients affected by pure ISD as they had severe stress incontinence and no urethral mobility; 42 patients suffering from stress urinary incontinence without ISD as they had mild stress incontinence and marked urethral hypermobility. Cystometry was normal in all patients. The presence/absence of ISD was considered the dependent variable and was correlated against the following independent variables: age, vaginal deliveries, menopause, previous urogynecological surgery and/or hysterectomy, supine stress test, irritative and/or obstructive symptoms, Valsalva leak point pressure (VLPP), maximum urethral closure pressure (MUCP), urethral functional length (UFL), and leakage during cystometry. RESULTS: The statistical analysis showed close correlations between ISD and age (P < 0.001), menopausal status (P < 0.001), previous surgery (P < 0.0001), supine stress test (P < 0.0001), leakage during cystometry (P < 0.001), and UFL (P < 0.01). The VLPP was below the cut-off value (相似文献   

Performance analysis of the T‐DOC® air‐charged catheters: An alternate technology for urodynamics

Aims

Urodynamics (UDS) is widely used for the diagnosis of lower urinary tract dysfunction. Air‐Charged catheters (ACC), one of the newer technologies for UDS pressure recording, has been adopted in growing numbers around the world for the past 15 years. Currently, there is a lack of published studies characterizing specific performance of the ACC. Since linearity, hysteresis, pressure drift, and frequency response are important components in characterizing accuracy for catheter‐manometer systems; this study aimed to assess these four aspects in ACC.

Methods

A total of 180 T‐DOC® ACC were used in three different laboratory settings to assess pressure linearity and hysteresis (15 dual‐sensor vesical and urethral and 30 single‐sensor abdominal), pressure drift over 2 h (115 single‐sensor), and frequency response (20 single‐sensor). Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation.

Results

ACC showed linearity of 0.99 ± 0.01, 0.99 ± 0.01, and 1.01 ± 0.01; and hysteresis of 0.57 ± 0.3%, 0.76 ± 0.48%, and 1 ± 0.89% for the abdominal, vesical, and urethral sensors, respectively. A pressure drift of 2.2 ± 1.4% at 1 h and 4.4 ± 2.5% at 2 h were observed when compared to baseline pressures. The catheters did not show any amplification factor during the sweep from 1 to 30 Hz, and recorded signals up to 5 Hz attenuating higher frequency signals.

Conclusions

In this study the T‐DOC® ACC showed a linear performance with minimal hysteresis associated with acceptable pressure drift, and adequate frequency response to capture clinically relevant pressures. The accurate results observed in this study suggest that these catheters are technically suitable to be used as a measuring instrument for UDS.     

Reliability testing of urodynamics, pressure flow studies and cough leak point pressure in women with urodynamic stress incontinence with and without detrusor overactivity

Urodynamic studies which included cough leak point pressure (CLPP) and pressure flow studies were performed at two visits 2 weeks apart. Reproducibility between the two visits and also between the two diagnostic groups, urodynamic stress incontinence (USI) and urodynamic mixed incontinence (UMI) were analysed. Thirty-one women completed both visits, of those 14 had USI in both sets of urodynamic studies, 11 had UMI on both visits, six had USI on one visit and UMI in the other. The urodynamic variables of maximum cystometric capacity and CLPP have the most repeatability. Analysis in women with USI alone compared to USI with detrusor overactivity (DOA) showed that the repeatability for pressure flow parameters and CLPP was better in women without DOA, of which the CLPP was significantly different (p = 0.036). Urodynamic variables are inconsistent. This may reflect variations in urinary tract behaviour.     

逼尿肌漏尿点压及膀胱安全容量在神经源性膀胱患者间歇性导尿中的应用价值

目的:评估逼尿肌漏尿点压(detrusor leak point pressure,DLPP)及膀胱安全容量(safety bladder capacity,SBC)在神经源性膀胱患者间歇性导尿中的应用价值。方法:选取2015年7月~2016年7月在我院住院治疗接受间歇导尿的脊髓损伤致神经源性膀胱患者40例。根据随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,各20例。对照组患者予以常规间歇导尿,根据残余尿量确定间歇导尿次数。观察组患者抽血查肾功能并行泌尿系B超及影像尿动力学检查,明确患者的上尿路情况,同时测量其DLPP及SBC,进行间歇导尿时,依据饮水计划及排尿日记找到排尿规律,在接近SBC的时间测量膀胱内的尿量,严格在SBC内实施间歇导尿。40例患者均有漏尿,均进行床旁盆底肌训练。对患者进行为期1年的干预,两组患者于干预前、干预1年时分别进行尿动力学检查[包括DLPP、SBC、残余尿量(residual urine volume,RUV)]、肾功能检查(包括血尿素氮、肌酐),并采用焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)及抑郁自评量表(self-rating depressive scale,SDS)分别评估患者心理状态,采用SF-36生活质量量表(包括饮食、精神、睡眠及心理4个维度)评分评估患者的生活质量。结果:每组患者干预1年时的DLPP、SBC、RUV、血尿素氮和肌酐、SAS和SDS评分及饮食、精神、睡眠、心理评分与干预前比较均明显改善(P0.05)。干预前,上述各指标两组间比较均无统计学差异(P0.05)。干预1年时,观察组患者的DLPP、RUV均显著低于对照组,SBC显著高于对照组,血尿素氮、肌酐均显著低于对照组,SAS、SDS评分均显著低于对照组,饮食、精神、睡眠、心理评分均显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:对脊髓损伤致神经源性膀胱患者依据DLPP及SBC进行个性化的间歇导尿,可有效改善患者的尿动力学指标,促进其肾功能的恢复,同时消除患者心理不良情绪,且能显著提高生活质量。     

Relationship of urethral retro-resistance pressure to urodynamic measurements and incontinence severity

AIMS: The urethral retro-resistance pressure (URP) is a retrograde urethral pressure profile measured by a new urodynamic measurement system.1GYNECARE MoniTorr Urodynamic Measurement System (ETHICON, Inc., Somerville, NJ). URP is the pressure required to achieve and maintain an open sphincter. This clinical investigation focused on a comparison of URP to standard urodynamic measurements and an examination of their relationship to incontinence severity. METHODS: Twenty-two centers enrolled 258 stress incontinent women in a randomized, crossover study of two groups: (1) test procedure followed by multichannel urodynamics, (2) multichannel urodynamics followed by test procedure. We defined incontinence severity categories using 24 hr urine loss and assessed these categories using incontinence quality of life (I-QOL), urinary incontinence severity score (UISS), incontinence visual analogue score (VAS), URP, maximum urethral closure pressure (MUCP), and leak point pressure (LPP). RESULTS: The mean age was 56.2 (+/-12) years. No order effect was present. The correlation coefficient between URP and MUCP was 0.31 (95% CI 0.19-1, P < 0.0001); between URP and LPP was 0.28 (95% CI 0.12-1, P = 0.003); and between MUCP and LPP was 0.14 (95% CI-0.04-1, P = 0.101). The mean values for URP across symptom severity categories were significantly different (P = 0.028) and decreased with increasing severity. The mean values for MUCP and LPP did not decrease with increasing severity. CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrated that URP had a consistent relationship with incontinence severity. The data suggested that URP is a physiological measure of urethral function and may have clinical utility as a diagnostic tool. Future outcomes-based research is necessary to establish the predictive value of URP, MUCP, and LPP measurements in terms of incontinence cure rates and diagnosis of sphincter dysfunction.