护理专业人才培养的现状与展望

多年来,我国护理人才的培养沿袭固定的模式,即初中毕业生进入护校,经过3年的专业培养,毕业后由国家统一分配至各级医疗机构,从事护理工作,再根据各单位的需要决定其具体工作岗位.这时,毕业生年龄大约在十八九岁左右,经过5年以上的一线锻炼,开始进入婚育年龄阶段,大约在30岁左右进入一个事业稳定时期,在专业技能及人际交往等方面,趋于成熟.这时,她可能会成为一名一线护理骨干或护士长.但与此同时,长期的工作、家庭压力及倒班等不规律的作息时间又使得她在35岁以后,精力、体力逐渐下降,40岁后更加明显,如晚上夜班时打针看不清血管,极易疲劳而又不易恢复.所以一名护士真正能在一线岗位上工作的时间也就只有在40岁以前,那么进入工作状态的时间越早,相对她在一线工作的时间也就会越长.     

Surgical trainees benefit from good consultant working practices: an audit on the effect on training of a new consultant rota

PURPOSE: To retrospectively assess operative supervision for orthopaedic trainees over an 18 week period when trauma and orthopaedic consultants changed their on call working practice from one week on call to a four day/three day block, during a fortnight period. OUTCOME: The rota changes had important implications on workload and consultant availability to supervise juniors during operation with a positive effect upon training such that trauma surgery supervision rates increased significantly (p<0.001) after the introduction of these new working arrangements. Working life for consultants and ultimately patient care were also felt to improve and consultants' working hours were closer to the European working hours directives.     

Treatment of defective newborns--a survey of paediatricians in Poland.

We report the results of a survey of the attitudes and practices of paediatricians in Warsaw, Poland, with respect to the treatment of infants born with severe handicaps. The results are compared with a similar survey conducted by Australian researchers (1). In the Polish medical community surveyed, unconditional respect for life is a dominant attitude. Our study has revealed a deeply-entrenched paternalistic attitude among Polish doctors and a strong unwillingness to distinguish between 'ordinary and extraordinary means' of prolonging life, as well as an ambivalent attitude towards legal regulations binding in Poland.