戊型肝炎病毒Ⅳ型在300例急性肝炎中的感染比例

目的：调查戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）Ⅳ型在北京地区的急性散发性肝炎中的分布。方法：采用RT－nPCR的方法检测300例急性散发性肝炎患者中HEV RNA，并对阳性产物进行克隆测序，然后对其基因型进行分析。结果：在300例急性散发性肝炎患者中PCR阳性为25例，测序证实25例PCR阳性者中，24例为HEV的基因序列；其中9例为HEV I型，15例为HEVⅣ型，占HEV感染的62．5％（15／14）。结论：在北京地区的部分急性散发性肝炎中HEVⅣ感染占戊型肝炎的较大比例。     

不同慢性肝病患者血清中乙型肝炎病毒DNA定量检测及其临床意义

目的探讨乙型肝炎病毒ＤＮＡ含量的临床意义。了解乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）免疫标志不同状态的慢性肝病患者血清ＨＢＶＤＮＡ浓度及其临床意义。方法应用建立的竞争性聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）方法定量检测慢性肝炎（ＣＨ）５１例、肝硬化（ＬＣ）３６例、原发性肝癌（ＰＨＣ）３８例的血清ＨＢＶＤＮＡ浓度。结果ＨＢＶＤＮＡ阳性的ＣＨ患者血清ＨＢＶＤＮＡ浓度为４．３６ｌｏｇ１０ＨＢＶＤＮＡ拷贝５０μｌ（下同），ＬＣ为４．５５，ＰＨＣ为４．４３，三组间无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；血清ＨＢＶ五项免疫标志均阴性或抗－ＨＢｓ阳性的慢性肝病患者中，有３７．５％患者存在低水平ＨＢＶ复制；ＨＢｅＡｇ阳性患者的ＨＢＶＤＮＡ浓度总体上明显高于抗－ＨＢｅ阳性组，但其中部分患者的ＨＢＶＤＮＡ浓度也很高。结论提示ＨＢＶ的复制状态与慢性肝病的病期无明显关系；在抗－ＨＢｅ阳性的患者中存在个体差异，故不能仅依据抗－ＨＢｅ阳转来判断ＨＢＶ复制减少或停止。     

病毒性肝炎患者全血及血清中Bcl-2蛋白的检测及其临床意义

为研究Ｂｃｌ 2蛋白在急慢性肝病患者全血中存在情况及其临床意义 ,以及判断是否在血清中存在Ｂｃｌ 2蛋白 ,特立此题。1　材料和方法1.1　研究对象及诊断标准　 46例患者均为 30 2医院 1998年 4月至 1998年 8月住院病人 ,男 37例 ,女 9例 ,年龄 17岁～ 6 7岁 ,平均 38.1岁。急性肝炎 4例 ,慢性肝炎轻度 8例 ,中度 4例 (慢性肝炎均经病理证实 ) ,肝炎肝硬变 2 0例 ,慢性重型肝炎 10例。临床及病理诊断均按照 1995年 5月北京第 5次全国传染病与寄生虫病学术会议修订的诊断标准。肝穿活检前后 2天空腹抽血。1.2　Ｂｃｌ 2蛋白含量检测　按照Ｂ…     

老年戊型病毒性肝炎19例临床分析

老年戊型病毒性肝炎１９例临床分析李迎新，段惠娟，薛琪对老年戊型病毒性肝炎的报道甚少。为了探索老年成型肝炎的临床特点，现将３０２医院１９９１年６月至１９９２年１２月收治的病例作一分析。１病例选择老年戊型肝炎１９例，男１６例，女３例；年龄６０～７７岁，平...     

SEN病毒D亚型中国株流行病学及序列变异

目的 了解SEN病毒D亚型中国株的流行病学特点及其进化地位。方法 分析已知的基因序列设计引物，建立半套式PCR检测方法，对58份献血者血清样本和25份non-A-E肝炎患者血清样本进行了SENV-D亚型的检测，并对部分阳性血清的PCR产物进行克隆测序。结果 无偿献血者中SENV-D亚型感染率为45％，在non-A-E肝炎患者中SENV-D亚型感染率为48％，两者间差异无显著性；但在无偿献血者中SENV-D亚型的阳性检出率大大高于国外报道。测序结果经BLASTP软件在GenBank中检索表明，各测序株均与已知的SENV-D株序列有很高的同源性，并在此基础上用MegAlign软件进行进化树分析。结论 建立的半套式PCR检测方法适用于SEN病毒D亚型检测；SENV-D亚型中国株之间以及与已发表的国外SENV-D株序列之间有变异。与无偿献血者相比，non-A-E肝炎患者血清SENV-D株无进化上的显著倾向性。在测序的部分ORFl序列中存在一个核苷酸高变区。     

自身免疫性肝炎与病毒性肝炎患者血清HA RIA

本文探讨自身免疫性肝炎与病毒性肝炎两种不同病因 引起的肝炎患者血清HA的含量变化,现将结果报道如下。 1　材料和方法 1.1　材料 1.1.1　正常对照组　选健康献血员55例,年龄(25～45) 岁,平均34岁。 1.1.2　肝病组　病毒性肝炎患者60例(男20,女40),年龄 (23～50)岁,平均39岁,临床诊断符合第六届全国病毒性肝 炎会议标准。自身免疫性肝炎患者45例(男6,女39),年龄 (28～51)岁,平均42岁,根据美国肝脏病研究学会AIH的诊 断标准[1]。 1.2　方法　于早晨采集空腹静脉血,分离血清。于-70保 存待测。HARIAkit由上海海研生物制品研究所提供,按说…     

186例病毒性肝炎患者血清中庚型肝炎病毒RNA的检测

１８６例病毒性肝炎患者血清中庚型肝炎病毒ＲＮＡ的检测王瑞烈谢建媚秦小超曹赋应用逆转录－聚合酶链反应法（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）检测了１８６例住院的病毒性肝炎患者血清中庚型肝炎病毒ＲＮＡ。１材料和方法１．１检测对象为１９９６年５月～１９９７年２月住玉林地区红十字...     

不同慢性肝病患者血清中乙型肝炎病毒DNA定量检？…

目的 探讨乙型肝炎病毒ＤＮＡ含量的临床意义。了解乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）免疫标志不同状态的慢性肝病患者血清ＨＢＶＤＮＡ浓度及共临床意义。方法 应用建立的竞争性聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）方法定量检测慢性肝炎（ＣＨ）５１例、肝硬化（ＬＣ）３６例、原发性肝癌（ＰＨＣ）３８例的血清ＨＢＶ ＤＮＡ浓度。结果 ＨＢＶＤＮＡ阳性的ＣＨ患者血清ＨＢＶ ＤＮＡ浓度为４．３６ｌｏｇ１０ＨＢＶＤＮＡ拷贝／５０μｌ，ＬＣ为４．     

戊型病毒性肝炎抗体检测与乙肝血清标志物的对照分析及临床意义

戊型病毒性肝炎抗体检测与乙肝血清标志物的对照分析及临床意义程慧，栾建强为了阐明乙型肝炎重叠感染戊型肝炎病毒对肝组织损伤的因素，用酶联免疫分析对８９例肝炎患者血清进行厂检测，现报告如下：材料和方法１．病例８９例肝炎患者均为本院１９９４年１０月～１９９５...     

186例戊型病毒性肝炎患者肝脏血清酶学指标分析

戊型病毒性肝炎主要经消化道传播,水源污染引起的流行最多见,主要发生在雨季或洪水后[1]。随着近年来我国各地洪水频发,一些地区的防疫卫生工作出现疏漏,该病的发病率也呈逐年上升趋势。现将我科2007年至2010年收治的186例戊型病毒性肝炎患者的肝脏血清酶学指标分析报告如下。     

Prevalence of SEN virus among children in Japan

Recently, a novel deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) virus, designated SEN virus (SENV), was discovered and strong associations between the two SENV variants (SENV-D and SENV-H) and non-A to E hepatitis were reported. To clarify the character of SENV infection in children, we investigated the detection rates of serum SENV DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) among children with non-A to C hepatitis, with histories of transfusions, with neither histories of transfusions nor liver diseases (control), and among pregnant women. SENV-D was detected in 60% of fulminant hepatitis, 5% of acute hepatitis, 11% of chronic hepatitis, 13% of controls, and 15% of pregnant women. SENV-H was detected in none of fulminant hepatitis, 5% of acute hepatitis, none of chronic hepatitis, 2% of controls, and 12% of pregnant women. No significant difference was found for SENV-D between acute or chronic hepatitis and controls, however SENV-D detection rate in fulminant hepatitis was significantly higher than that in controls (P<0.05). No significant difference was found for SENV-H between any hepatitis and controls, however SENV-H detection rate in pregnant women was significantly higher than that in controls (P<0.05). Neither SENV-D nor SENV-H was associated with acute or chronic hepatitis; however, SENV-D might be a risk factor of fulminant hepatitis.     

SEN virus infection does not affect the progression of non-A to -E liver disease

SEN virus (SEN V) was discovered recently as a potential causative agent of non-A, non-B, non-C, and non-E (non-A to -E) hepatitis. The aim of this study was to obtain information about the prevalence of this virus in Japan and its association with non-A to -E liver disease. Sixty-seven patients hospitalized for non-A to -E liver disease, including hepatocellular carcinoma (19 patients), cirrhosis (7 patients), chronic hepatitis (18 patients), and acute hepatitis (23 patients), were tested, along with 49 blood donors. The patients were admitted to Nihon University Hospital between 1991 and 1998. SEN V DNA was detected by a nested polymerase chain reaction, targeting the 5' untranslated region. SEN V DNA was detected in 14 of 49 (28.6%) blood donors and in 33 of 67 (49.3%) patients with non-A to -E liver disease. The prevalence of SEN V DNA was similar among patients with various liver diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma (42.1%), cirrhosis (57.1%), chronic hepatitis (55.6%) and acute hepatitis (47.8%) and among blood donors (28.6%). There were no significant differences in the clinical profiles of patients with SEN V DNA-positive or -negative chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Similarly, there were no significant differences in the clinical profiles between patients with SEN V DNA-positive and -negative acute hepatitis. In conclusion, SEN V infection is present among many blood donors and is common in patients with non-A to -E liver disease. There are insufficient data to prove a causal role for SEN virus infection in non-A to -E liver disease.     

临床病毒性脑炎标本的博尔纳病病毒核酸检测

目的 探讨临床病毒性脑炎(viral encephalitis,VE)患者与博尔纳病病毒(Borna disease virus,BDV)感染的关系,分析BDV感染的病毒性脑炎患者临床特征.方法 用荧光定量巢式逆转录聚合酶链反应(FQ-nRT-PCR)方法检测病毒性脑炎患者及非感染性疾病施行蛛网膜下腔阻滞麻醉的手术患者脑脊液单个核细胞(cerebrospinal fluid mononuclear cell,CSFMC)中BDV p24基因片段,同时用β-肌动蛋白(β-actin)作为内参照,脑脊液(CSF)阳性标本基因测序分析并总结出临床特征.结果 32例病毒性脑炎脑脊液标本BDV p24基因片段检出率为12.5%(4/32),拷贝数＞102/μl.对其中一份CSF阳性标本测序后,与BDV标准病毒株Ⅴ和马源的BDV病毒株H1766序列比较同源性分别为95.35%和98.84%.在4个位点出现基因突变(nt1649 T→C、nt1656 G→A、nt1670 C→T、nt1676 C→T).该目的基因片段与马源的BDV病毒株亲缘关系最近.阳性脑炎患者主要以精神行为异常为临床特征.结论 贵州省遵义市部分病毒性脑炎的发生与BDV感染有关,主要以精神行为异常为临床特征.     

I. hepatitis E virus (87A strain) propagated in A549 cells

A strain of hepatitis E virus (HEV), the 87A strain isolated in 2BS cells from the feces of a patient with hepatitis E, has been reported previously. In this study, the 87A strain was propagated in A549 cells, and the marked cytopathic effect (CPE) appeared in the infected monolayer cells. The size of this virus is about 30 nm in diameter. Furthermore, HEV-RNAfrom the supernatants of the virus of different passages was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification using ET1 .1 HEV primers. A band of HEV for 239 bp from PCR products was revealed by electro-phoresis. PCR products of the fourth passage were sequenced. These results show that the 87A virus replicates in the A549 cell line. © Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Quantitative detection of hepatitis C virus RNA in urine of patients with chronic hepatitis C using a novel real-time PCR assay

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA can be detected in body fluids such as urine. However, because of deficiencies in established isolation and detection methods, the actual prevalence and form of HCV RNA in the urine of patients with hepatitis C remain unclear. To more sensitively and accurately measure urine HCV RNA levels, a novel real-time PCR assay with a modified isolation method and short amplicon designed for short HCV RNA fragments was developed in this study. The limit of detection, precision, linearity, and specificity of the assay was evaluated and demonstrated high-quality performance. The prevalence of HCV RNA in the urine of viremic patients infected with HCV was 60% (36/60), as determined by a 62-bp assay. The HCV RNA detection rate and concentration were much lower with a 157-bp assay, and were undetectable with 222- and 304-bp assays. With the 62-bp assay, patients with detectable urine HCV RNA had significantly higher plasma HCV RNA levels ( P < 0.001), and plasma and urine concentrations were significantly positively correlated ( R ² = 0.708, P < 0.001). The method not only increased the detection rate of urine HCV RNA but also revealed the presence of short HCV RNA fragments in urine, indicating that urine from CHC patients with normal kidney function should not be infectious. In addition, it raised the possibility of urinary HCV RNA as a potential noninvasive marker for therapeutic monitoring of patients with hepatitis C.     

Presence of viral replicative intermediates in the liver and serum of patients infected with hepatitis C virus

Hemophilic patients may present immunological dysfunctions resulting from either human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, or other factors like impure factor VIII concentrate and other viral infections. We evaluated prospectively the serologic response to polio vaccination of Israeli hemophilic patients who were vaccinated during an outbreak of poliomyelitis. Eighty-two hemophilic patients, 43 seronegative and 39 seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), were vaccinated with enhanced inactivated poliovirus (elPV). Titers of antibodies for poliovirus types 1–3 were determined before and 4 weeks after immunization. T helper and suppressor lymphocytes (T4 and T8), B and T lymphocyte mitogenic response, and natural killer cells were tested and correlated with the response to vaccination. Both groups responded to vaccination with increased titers of antibodies to the three viral types, 4 weeks after immunization. HIV-seronegative patients, however, exhibited higher titers than the HIV-seropositive group. The same pattern was found when 21 patients were tested 1 year after the exposure to elPV. HIV seropositive patients were grouped according to their T4 count (between 16/μ and 500/μ). There was no statistically significant difference in the response of these different groups to vaccination. No correlation was found between the response to vaccination and other immune parameters. These results suggest that asymptomatic HIV-seropositive hemophilic patients respond well to elPV, irrespective of their T4 count. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

II. Existing variations on the gene structure of hepatitis E virus strains from some regions of China

The isolation and identification of the 87A strain of hepatitis E virus (HEV) by means of cell culture have been described previously. This paper reports the nucleotide sequence of a portion of this HEV strain. The RNA extracted from the supernatants of the different passages of the 87A strain cultured in the A549 cell line was reverse-transcribed (RT) to cDNA, and then the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification was carried out using the primers of HEV ET1.l region. The PCR products from 1) the supernatant of the infected cells at the fourth passage, 2) the virus concentrated by polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation at the tenth passage, and 3) the virus purified by a sucrose gradient at the tenth pas sage were sequenced. In addition, three other PCR products obtained from sera of acute hepa titis E patients in Beijing (B-9) and Guangzhou (G-9 and G-20) were also sequenced. The nucle otide sequences of the above four strains of HEV (located in the genome from positions 4545–4754) were compared to those of some reported HEV strains. The nucleotide sequences of the B-9 strain and the 87A strain were similar to the Burmese strain and may belong to the same branch of HEV. The nucleotide sequences of the G-9 strain and the G-20 strain were a novel and unique branch. The Chinese HEV strains are multiplex and variable in gene structure. © Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Prevalence and clinical significance of hepatitis D virus co-infection in patients with chronic hepatitis B in Korea

Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection can cause severe acute and chronic liver disease in patients infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV). Despite the significant decline in the global HDV infection, it remains a major health concern in some countries. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and clinical features of HDV co-infection in patients with chronic HBV infection in Korea, where HBV infection is endemic. Nine hundred forty patients [median age, 48 (18-94) years; men, 64.5%] infected chronically with HBV were enrolled consecutively. All patients who were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) for at least 6 months and were tested for anti-HDV. A portion of the HDV delta antigen was amplified, sequenced, and subjected to molecular and phylogenetic analysis using sera from the patients who were anti-HDV positive. Clinical features and virologic markers were evaluated. Inactive HBsAg carriers, chronic hepatitis B, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma accounted for 29.5%, 44.7%, 17.9%, and 8.0%, respectively. Only three patients were positive for anti-HDV, corresponding to a 0.32% positive rate. All patients who were positive for anti-HDV were inactive HBsAg carriers. HDV RNA could be amplified by PCR from the sera of two patients. Phylogenetic analysis showed that both carried HDV genotype 1. In conclusion, the prevalence of HDV infection is very low (0.32%) in Korea. All HDVs were genotype 1 and detected in inactive HBsAg carriers. Therefore, HDV co-infection may not have a significant clinical impact in Korean patients with chronic HBV infection.