刺头复叶耳蕨不同提取部位体外抗HIV-1蛋白酶活性的研究

目的 对鳞毛蕨科复叶耳蕨属植物刺头复叶耳蕨不同提取部位体外抗HIV-l蛋白酶活性进行研究.方法 用荧光光度法测定蛋白酶的半数抑制浓度(IC5o).结果 刺头复叶耳蕨乙酸乙酯提取物、正丁醇提取物、水提取物抑制HIV-1蛋白酶的半数有效浓度IC50分别为0.73,1.17,2.47 μg/ml.结论 刺头复叶耳蕨乙酸乙酯提取物、正丁醇提取物与水提取物具有体外抑制HIV-1蛋白酶活性.     

药西瓜提取物对Bel7402肝癌细胞增殖作用的影响

目的研究药西瓜提取物抗Bel7402肝癌细胞活性,为药西瓜抗肝癌活性成分的进一步研究和合理利用提供科学依据。方法采用90%乙醇回流提取,提取液依次使用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇、氯仿四种不同极性溶剂萃取药西瓜中的有效成分,采用MTT法测定并计算出药西瓜中不同溶剂提取物对Bel7402肝肿瘤细胞的生长抑制率。结果药西瓜氯仿萃取物高浓度对Bel7402肝细胞生长抑制率为(48.78±8.37)%,正丁醇萃取物高浓度为(44.55±11.81)%,乙酸乙酯萃取物高浓度为(27.43±0.50)%,石油醚萃取物高浓度为(1.14±9.97)%。结论药西瓜提取物中氯仿和正丁醇萃取部位均显示有一定的抗Bel7402肝癌细胞活性,且氯仿萃取部位优于正丁醇部位。     

红树植物桐花树叶抗炎镇痛活性部位研究

目的:筛选与确证桐花树叶抗炎镇痛作用的有效部位。方法:萃取法获得桐花树叶75%乙醇提取物的石油醚部位、二氯甲烷部位、乙酸乙酯部位、正丁醇部位、水部位(醇沉)等5个部位,经醋酸致小鼠扭体试验筛选出抗炎镇痛作用较强的乙酸乙酯部位,进一步通过醋酸致小鼠扭体试验、小鼠热板试验、角叉菜胶致足肿胀试验、二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀试验等全面评价桐花树叶乙酸乙酯部位的抗炎镇痛作用;分光光度法测定角叉菜致足肿胀小鼠肝匀浆的T-SOD活性与MDA含量。结果:桐花树叶乙酸乙酯部位高剂量(200 mg/kg)灌胃给药后可显著减少醋酸致小鼠扭体次数、增大热板小鼠痛阈值、抑制角叉菜胶致小鼠足肿胀度与二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀度(P0.01);不同剂量(100、150、200 mg/kg)的桐花树叶醇提物乙酸乙酯部位灌胃给药3 d后,可使角叉菜致足肿胀小鼠肝脏T-SOD活性显著升高、MDA含量显著降低(P0.01)。结论:桐花树叶醇提物乙酸乙酯部位具有显著的抗炎镇痛作用,抗氧化可能是其抗炎作用机制之一。     

小红参不同提取部位对大鼠离体主动脉环的影响

目的:筛选小红参不同提取物舒张大鼠离体主动脉环的活性强度,为进一步研究小红参抗心肌缺血的主要活性部位打基础.方法:用去甲肾上腺素(NE)诱导大鼠离体主动脉环收缩试验,观察小红参95%乙醇提取物对完整内皮和去内皮大鼠离体主动脉环的影响;用小红参石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇、水4个不同部位进行对完整内皮和去内皮大鼠离体主动脉环的影响,进一步筛选其活性主要部位.结果:小红参95%乙醇提取物各浓度均可舒张完整内皮组和去内皮组由NE诱导大鼠主动脉环,经组间配对比较,对完整内皮组舒张作用较强,并有一定的剂量依赖性;小红参石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇及水4个部位各浓度均可舒张完整内皮组动脉环,并有一定的剂量相关性,其中乙酸乙酯部位舒张效应明显强于其它3个部位.结论:经初步筛选,小红参乙酸乙酯部位有较强的舒张血管活性,可进一步进行其抗心肌缺血的活性研究.     

龙船花抗炎有效部位探讨及对小鼠胸腺与脾脏指数的影响

目的研究龙船花水与醇提取物及其有效部位的抗炎作用,并探讨其对小鼠胸腺与脾脏指数的影响。方法将小鼠分为空白对照组(等体积蒸馏水)、阳性药组(阿司匹林,0.2 g/kg,脾脏与胸腺指数此组除外)、龙船花水煎液组、龙船花醇提液组(70%乙醇)、水-乙酸乙酯组、水-正丁醇组、醇-乙酸乙酯组、醇-正丁醇组,每组10只,除空白对照组与阳性药组外,其余每组均以2.925 g/kg灌胃给药,每天1次,连续7天。分别采用二甲苯致炎法测定小鼠耳肿胀度与抑制率和角叉菜胶致炎后小鼠第0.5、1、2、3、4、5、6小时的足跖肿胀度与抑制率;末次给药后脱颈椎处理,记录并计算小鼠的胸腺与脾脏指数。考察龙船花水与醇提取物及其有效部位的抗炎作用及对小鼠胸腺与脾脏指数的影响。结果与空白对照组对比,龙船花水与醇提取物及其相应乙酸乙酯与正丁醇有效部位均可显著降低小鼠耳肿胀度与致炎后第1、3、4、6小时的足跖肿胀度(P0.05或P0.01),均可不同程度地抑制小鼠耳肿胀与足跖肿胀;龙船花醇-乙酸乙酯组,水-正丁醇组,醇-正丁醇组均可显著升高小鼠的胸腺指数(P0.05或P0.01);龙船花水-正丁醇组可显著升高脾脏指数(P0.01)。结论龙船花提取物及其相应乙酸乙酯与正丁醇有效部位具有明显的抗炎活性,可显著提高小鼠胸腺指数与脾脏指数的作用。     

芎麻汤治疗偏头痛的活性筛选部位抗炎及镇痛作用的研究

目的 研究芎麻汤治疗偏头痛的活性筛选部位(乙酸乙酯、正丁醇提取物)对醋酸致小鼠毛细血管通透性及热板法小鼠镇痛作用的影响.方法 将160只雌雄各半小鼠按雄、雌分为抗炎Ⅰ组、镇痛Ⅱ组.抗炎Ⅰ组按体质量分为6组(空白、模型空白、乙酸乙酯提取物、正丁醇提取物、芎麻汤、布洛芬组),采用醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透亢进炎症模型,尾静脉注射伊文思蓝染料,观察芎麻汤活性部位对炎症渗出的影响;镇痛Ⅱ组按基础痛阈值分为5组(空白、乙酸乙酯提取物、正丁醇提取物、芎麻汤、布洛芬组),采用智能热板仪致痛,观察其不同时间差时的镇痛作用.结果 抗炎Ⅰ组:与模空组比较,正丁醇提取物组吸光度明显降低(P＜0.05).镇痛Ⅱ组:与基础痛阈值比较,乙酸乙酯提取物组于给药后90 min时痛阈值明显提高(P＜0.05);与基础痛阈值及空白组比较,正丁醇提取物组于120 min时痛阈值均显著提高(P＜0.01).结论 芎麻汤治疗偏头痛的活性筛选正丁醇部位具有抗炎、镇痛作用,乙酸乙酯部位具有镇痛作用.     

蒿属植物Artemisiacaruifolia中三-对香豆酰亚精胺等对HIV-1蛋白酶的抑制作用

作者从蒿属植物 A.caruifolia 中分得具抗人免疫缺陷病毒蛋白酶(HIV-1 PR)活性的 N~1,N~5,N~(10)-三-p-香豆酰亚精胺(1),并研究了相关化合物抑制 HIV-1 PR 的活性。该植物地上部分用甲醇回流提取,将提取物悬于水中,分别用氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取。乙酸乙酯部位经柱层析,用甲醇-水     

傣百解药用部位和非药用部位体外抗肺癌活性对比研究

目的:研究傣百解药用部位根和非药用部位地上部分乙醇提取物不同极性萃取物体外抗肺癌细胞的活性,筛选出傣百解的抗肿瘤活性部位,分析地上部位作为替代药材的可行性。方法:将傣百解地上部位和根干燥粉碎,用95%乙醇回流提取,减压浓缩得到醇提取物;以水分散后,依次用乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取,得到乙酸乙酯部位(A1和B1)、正丁醇部位(A2和B2)和水部位(A3和B3)。采用MTT法测定不同浓度部位对人肺癌细胞A549和H1299增殖的影响。结果:傣百解地上部位和根对两种肺癌细胞株均有一定的细胞毒活性,地上部位的抗肿瘤活性优于根,两个部位中A1和B1萃取物抑制肿瘤细胞增殖活性最强,对A549肿瘤细胞的IC50分别为51.28μg/mL和117.18μg/mL,对H1299肿瘤细胞的IC50分别为63.12μg/mL和95.11μg/mL。结论:傣百解地上部位的抗肿瘤活性优于根,具有替代可行性。     

金花茶种子对体外培养不同肿瘤细胞增殖作用的影响

目的 观察金花茶种子95％乙醇提取物及95％乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯部分、正丁醇部分、水溶部分3个极性部位对体外培养不同肿瘤细胞增殖作用的影响.方法 用RPMI1640培养基,常规传代培养人肺癌A549细胞、乳腺癌MCF-7细胞.采用噻唑蓝比色法(MTT)检测A549细胞和MCF-7细胞活性.结果 金花茶种子醇提取物部分、正丁醇部分和水溶部分对A549细胞和MCF-7细胞增殖均有抑制作用,其IC50分别为95.2,99.06,107.72 μg/ml;215.7,200.35,203.24 μg/ml,且均具有剂量依赖性的抑制作用.结论 金花茶种子95％乙醇提取物的正丁醇部分和水溶部分为其抗癌活性的有效部位,并且对A549细胞增值的活性更强.     

野坝子体外清除自由基活性研究

目的:对野坝子Elsholtzia rugulosa Hemsl.乙醇提取物的不同极性萃取部位和AB-8大孔树脂柱色谱不同浓度甲醇洗脱部位清除自由基能力进行综合评价。方法:分别以维生素C和维生素E为对照,采用清除2,2-二苯基苦味酰基苯肼基(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)和2,2′-连氮基-双-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐[2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazo-line-6-sulphonic acid)diammonium salt,ABTS]自由基的方法,通过计算半数抑制浓度评价野坝子的乙醇提取物的不同极性萃取部位和AB-8大孔树脂柱色谱不同浓度甲醇洗脱部位的清除自由基能力。结果:野坝子提取物不同极性萃取部位清除DPPH自由基和ABTS自由基的能力分别为:乙酸乙酯部位Vit C正丁醇部位水部位石油醚部位氯仿部位、乙酸乙酯部位Vit E正丁醇部位水部位氯仿部位石油醚部位。AB-8大孔树脂柱色谱不同浓度甲醇洗脱部位清除DPPH和ABTS自由基的能力分别为Vit C50%甲醇部位70%甲醇部位30%甲醇部位100%甲醇部位、50%甲醇部位70%甲醇部位30%甲醇部位Vit E100%甲醇部位。结论:野坝子乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部位和30%,50%和70%甲醇洗脱部位都具有很好的清除自由基活性,是一种新型天然抗氧化物质来源。     

了哥王抗肿瘤活性部位筛选

目的:研究了哥王95%、75%、50%乙醇提取物、水提物及95%乙醇提取物的石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取部位对肿瘤细胞的增殖抑制作用,确定了哥王抗肿瘤活性部位。方法:采用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)比色法考察了哥王不同提取物及95%乙醇提取物的不同溶剂萃取部位对Hela、SGC-7901、Bel-7402细胞的抗肿瘤活性。结果:了哥王95%乙醇提物对Hela、SGC-7901细胞有良好的抗肿瘤活性,其石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯萃取部位对Hela、SGC-7901细胞均有不同程度的抗肿瘤活性。结论:石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯萃取部位有较强的抗肿瘤活性,初步确定为了哥王抗肿瘤活性部位。     

楮头红提取物的生物活性研究

 目的研究楮头红的生物活性,寻找活性成分。方法对楮头红的石油醚、乙醚、乙酸乙酯、乙醇和水的粗提取物分别进行抗小鼠肝损伤试验和体外抗氧化、抑菌试验。结果水提物具有抗小鼠肝脂质过氧化作用和抗肝损伤作用;乙醚、乙酸乙酯、乙醇等3个部位各具有不同程度的清除羟自由基和超氧离子自由基的作用及抑菌作用。结论楮头红提取物具有清除羟自由基、清除超氧离子自由基、抗小鼠肝脂质过氧化和抗小鼠肝损伤及抑菌作用。     

9种蓼科植物抗菌活性

目的:研究9种蓼科植物的体外抗菌活性.方法:采用纸片扩散法和多孔板法研究9种蓼科植物的不同提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌(SA)、耐甲氧西林的金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和β-内酰胺酶阳性的金黄色葡萄球菌(ESBLs-SA)的抑制活性.结果:四季红甲醇提取物和四季红乙酸乙酯提取物质量浓度在50 g·L-1对SA,MRSA和ESBLs-SA的抑菌圈直径较大,其中四季红乙酸乙酯提取物对3种菌均有抑制作用,MIC全部为0.062 5 g·L-1;多孔板法中,辣蓼乙酸乙酯提取物(IC50 0.45 g·L-1)活性最好.结论:实验证明蓼科植物提取物对SA,MRSA,ESBLs-SA有较好的抑制作用,尤其是四季红和辣蓼的抗菌活性较显著.     

Antibacterial and antifungal activity of Cassia fistula L.: an ethnomedicinal plant

Hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol and water extracts from the flower of Cassia fistula (an ethnomedicinal plant) were tested against bacteria and fungi. All the extracts exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram-positive organisms with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) between 0.078 and 2.5 mg/ml. Among the Gram-negative bacteria, only Pseudomonas aeruginosa was susceptible to the extracts. Ethyl acetate crude extract was fractionated using chromatographic techniques. A crystal was isolated, which was confirmed as 4-hydroxy benzoic acid hydrate using X-ray crystallography. It exhibited antifungal activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes (MIC 0.5 mg/ml) and Epidermophyton floccosum (MIC 0.5 mg/ml).     

Antimicrobial activity of Acalypha siamensis Oliv. ex Gage

The hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol fractions of leaves of Acalypha siamensis Oliv. ex Gage were evaluated for antibacterial and antifungal activity. The antibacterial activity was more pronounced in the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts. No activity was shown against tested moulds.     

Zulu medicinal plants with antibacterial activity

Aqueous, methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of 14 plants used in traditional Zulu medicine for treatment of ailments of an infectious nature were screened for antibacterial activity. Most of the activity detected was against gram-positive bacteria. Tuber bark extracts of Dioscorea sylvatica had activity against gram-negative Escherichia coli and extracts of Dioscorea dregeana, Cheilanthes viridis and Vernonia colorata were active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The highest antibacterial activity was found in extracts of C. viridis, D. dregeana, D. silvatica, Melianthus comosus and V. colorata. In general, methanolic extracts exhibited higher activity than aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts.     

民族药滇白珠的体外抗氧化活性研究

目的:研究滇白珠(G.leucocarpa var.yunnanensis)地上部分乙醇提取物的不同极性萃取部位和大孔树脂柱层析的不同浓度甲醇洗脱部位的抗氧化活性。方法:采用清除DPPH(2,2-二苯基苦味酰基苯肼基)和ABTS[2,2′-连氮基-双-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐]自由基的方法对滇白珠乙醇提取物的不同极性萃取部位和大孔树脂柱层析的不同浓度甲醇洗脱部位进行清除自由基能力的综合评价。结果:乙酸乙酯部位的抗氧化能力最强,与阳性对照相近。100%甲醇流出部位的抗氧化能力能力最强,强于阳性对照。结论:滇白珠地上部分具有较好的体外抗氧化活性。     

Cytotoxic, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Varthemia iphionoides Boiss. extracts

The hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform, ethanol and water extracts of aerial parts of Varthemia, Varthemia iphionoides, were investigated for cytotoxic activity against human myelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells; DPPH radical-scavenging activity; antioxidative activity in the linoleic acid system; reducing power; antibacterial activity; the contents of phenolic compounds. A pronounced cytotoxic effect on human leukemia (HL-60) cells was shown in the hexane, chloroform and ethanol extracts, with inhibition of 89.0, 68.4 and 62.3%, respectively, at a concentration of 200 microg extract/ml. High DPPH radical-scavenging activity, antioxidative activity in the linoleic acid system and reducing power were found in the water and ethanol extracts, and were correlated to the contents of phenolic compounds. Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus and Salmonella enteritides was shown in the ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts. A compound responsible for the antibacterial activity was isolated from the ethyl acetate extract, and identified as 3-oxocostusic acid.     

Cytotoxic and antitumor activities of a polypore macrofungus,Phellinus rimosus (Berk) Pilat

Cytotoxic and antitumor activities of ethyl acetate, methanol and aqueous extracts of a wood inhabiting polypore macrofungus, Phellinus rimosus (Berk) Pilat. were studied. Ethyl acetate and methanol extracts showed in vitro cytotoxic activity against Dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA) and Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell lines. The aqueous extract did not exhibit cytotoxicity against the tested cell lines. All the three extracts were highly effective in inhibiting growth of solid tumor induced by DLA cell line in mice. However, the antitumor activity of ethyl acetate extract was higher than that of methanol and aqueous extracts. The ethyl acetate extract was also effective in preventing the EAC induced ascites tumor development in mice. The antitumor activity of all the three extracts against solid tumor at a dose of 50 mg/kg (p.o.) was comparable to the clinically used standard reference drug, cisplatin (4 mg/kg, i.p.). Pre-treatment of the extracts was also effective in inhibiting the tumor growth induced by DLA cell lines. The experimental results revealed that ethyl acetate extract of P. rimosus possessed significant antitumor activity. The findings thus suggest the potential use of this mushroom as antitumor agent.