脑膜瘤的颅外转移

脑膜瘤发生颅外骨转移罕见,作者报道2例,并回顾文献,对脑膜瘤发生颅外转移的好发部位,转移机理及病理组织学特性与转移的关系进行了讨论。 例1,男性,49岁。3年半前,因短暂的视力障碍、头痛、右枕部硬性肿块,行右枕部肿瘤切除术而入     

肾母细胞瘤伴硬脑膜、骨骼多发转移1例

肾母细胞瘤是小儿常见的恶性肿瘤,发生转移的几率极高,最常见肺部及肝脏的转移,颅内和骨骼的转移较少见,两者同时发生转移更为罕见.本科近期遇见1例,现结合     

肾移植后并发肺小细胞未分化癌1例

<正> 随着肾移植手术的逐渐开展,术后并发恶性肿瘤已成为术后重要的并发症。我们见1例肾移植术后仅5个月即发生肺癌并纵隔、肝脏及脊柱广泛转移,经病理证实。由于发病早,肿瘤广泛转移的病例比较罕见,现报道如下。     

膈肌转移瘤的CT诊断初探

膈肌转移瘤是一类罕见的肿瘤,可以由附近肿瘤直接侵犯,也可以血行或淋巴转移而来[1],相关报道很少.笔者收集2002年3月～2010年1月我院确诊的3例膈肌转移瘤的病例,并分析其CT表现特征,旨在提高膈肌转移瘤的诊断水平.     

原发性肝脏神经内分泌癌的影像及临床病理特征

神经内分泌肿瘤(neuroendocrine tumors,NET)是一类起自神经内分泌系统的肿物,绝大多数发生在胃肠道系统和肺,在消化道中,小肠、阑尾和胰腺较多见.肝脏发生的内分泌肿瘤多为胃肠道内分泌肿瘤转移所致,而原发性肝脏神经内分泌癌(primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma,PHNEC)十分罕见,只占全部内分泌肿瘤的0.3%[1],目前只有150多例英文文献报道的PHNEC,而且多为个案报道[2-3],但随着我国恶性肿瘤不断上升的发病率,PHNEC的发生也有所增加.PHNEC可能是起源于胆管周围散在的神经内分泌细胞,与其他部位的内分泌癌一样,该肿瘤亦生长缓慢,且预后较好,但不同的是该肿瘤常很少发生类癌综合征.由于肝脏的内分泌肿瘤多为转移性的,而PHNEC较罕见,加之其临床特点和影像征象缺乏特异性,增加了其正确诊断的难度,故本文就PHNEC的临床病理及影像特征加以综述,以期加深对其的认识,提高诊断准确性.     

食管癌转移至末端小指一例

食管癌转移至指，趾骨，尤其是单发转移至远端指，趾骨十分罕见，近20年来国内报道不超过5例，最近笔者遇到1例，有完整的影像学和病理学资料，总结报道如下。     

膀胱小细胞癌的诊治分析及文献复习

膀胱小细胞癌（Small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder,SCBC）,是一种罕见的尿路上皮癌的病理类型,其发病率较低,占膀胱恶性肿瘤的0.5%以下,也有部分文献报道为0．5％～1％。恶性程度和侵袭性高，容易发生周围组织浸润及远处转移，现将我院近期收治的2例患者情况报道如下。     

绒毛膜癌骨骼肌转移一例

绒毛膜癌简称绒癌,是一种多发于育龄期妇女的恶性滋养细胞肿瘤,其转移途径主要为血行转移,肺组织为最常见的转移部位且具有一定的特征性,转移至肌肉组织的绒癌非常罕见［1-3］,本文报道1例如下。     

腹膜后副神经节瘤伴阑尾转移一例

腹膜后副神经节瘤伴阑尾转移一例李文杰胡必富杨永刚副神经节瘤较罕见，约１０％可发生转移，笔者遇见１例，经ＣＴ扫描、手术病理证实，现报道如下。患者男，１０岁。因４年来反复腹痛，近期疼痛加重，右肾区出现包块日渐增大，且盆腔亦出现包块而入院。ＣＴ平扫：右肾区...     

《请您诊断》病例6答案:后腹膜间隙平滑肌瘤

平滑肌瘤由平滑肌发生的良性肿瘤.好发部位子宫和胃肠道.平滑肌发生于后腹膜间隙十分罕见,作者临床遇到1例,现报道如下.     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.