变态反应性疾病患者螨和蟑螂过敏原体外检测分析

目的探讨变态反应性疾病患者血清中螨和蟑螂过敏原特异性免疫球蛋白E(SIgE)的情况以及它们的相互关系分析。方法采用荧光酶联免疫吸附法,对我院2004年10月至2005年10月就诊于呼吸科和变态反应科门诊的199例患者,检测其血清中螨和蟑螂的SIgE。结果在变态反应性疾病的患者中,对于螨类过敏的,包括屋尘螨(d1)、粉尘螨(d2)和热带无爪螨(d201)均为儿童组比成年组的阳性率高,同时具有较高的强阳性率;对于热带无爪螨过敏的患者,一般都是在4级以下,极个别具有强阳性且均为儿童;对于蟑螂过敏的,所有患者均在4级以下;对于同时检测尘螨和蟑螂的患者,其血清中的SIgE值均为各螨类显著高于蟑螂的值(P<0.01)。结论尘螨和蟑螂均为变态反应性疾病的重要过敏原,尤其是尘螨;对于尘螨和蟑螂同时过敏的患者,尘螨的过敏程度均比蟑螂高。     

过敏性鼻炎血清特异性IgE与皮肤点刺试验的关联性分析

目的评估血清特异性IgE检测与皮肤点刺试验在诊断过敏性鼻炎中的关联性。方法皮肤点刺试验中尘螨阳性的过敏性鼻炎患者82例,采用瑞典法玛西亚公司UniCAP100系统检测血清尘螨特异性IgE,包括屋尘螨及粉尘螨,统计分析二者的关联性。结果82例尘螨过敏患者中,55例尘螨血清特异性IgE检测结果大于或等于1级,特异性IgE水平与皮肤点刺试验结果的等级呈正相关(屋尘螨rs=0.58,粉尘螨rs=0.60)。不同年龄段患者的血清特异性IgE检测结果与皮肤点刺试验的相关系数随年龄的增长而增大,40岁以上患者二者的检测结果无相关性。结论尘螨过敏性鼻炎患者血清特异性IgE水平与皮肤点刺试验结果呈正相关,且随患者年龄变化而有所差异。诊断40岁以上患者时,推荐同时进行2种检测。     

标准化免疫治疗对哮喘儿童屋尘螨特异性IgG4和肺功能的影响

目的 探讨标准化屋尘螨变应原制剂免疫治疗儿童哮喘,对其肺功能、气道反应性及血清屋尘螨特异性IgG4、血清屋尘螨特异性IgE的影响.方法 选择31例轻-中度屋尘螨过敏性哮喘儿童,给予标准化屋尘螨变应原制剂治疗,疗程25周,检测治疗前后肺功能指标FEV1和PEF占预计值的百分比,PC20、血清屋尘螨特异性IgG4和屋尘螨特...     

咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿皮肤点刺和血清总IgE检测及其诊断意义

目的检测儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿皮肤点刺情况和血清总IgE水平,探讨其在儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘中的诊断意义。方法分别测定并比较125例咳嗽变异性哮喘(cough variant asthma,CVA)患儿、128例支气管哮喘患儿及同期我院体检的126例健康儿童血清总IgE水平和皮肤点刺结果。结果①CVA组与哮喘组血清总IgE水平比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.802),CVA组、哮喘组患儿血清总IgE水平显著高于健康组(P<0.01)。②CVA组与哮喘组摄入性变应原、吸入性变应原、总变应原阳性率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);CVA组、哮喘组摄入性、吸入性、总变应原阳性率分别与健康组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);CVA组、哮喘组、健康组3个组内摄入性变应原与吸入性变应原阳性率比较均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。③125例CVA患儿皮肤点刺试验阳性率为65.6%。吸入变应原总阳性率52.8%,吸入变应原中以粉尘螨和屋尘螨阳性率居高,分别为46.4%和43.2%;摄入变应原总阳性率28.8%,摄入变应原主要为海蟹33.6%,鸡蛋清22.4%。皮肤点刺结果强阳性以粉尘螨和屋尘螨为主,分别为24.0%和21.6%。结论 CVA患儿皮肤点刺试验有较高阳性检出率,血清总IgE水平较健康儿童高,二者对CVA的诊断有重要意义。     

上海市郊区儿童过敏性疾病过敏原的研究

目的 分析引发上海市郊区儿童过敏性疾病过敏原的分布特点。方法 对800例上海市郊区过敏性疾病患儿（郊区病例组）、100名郊区健康儿童（郊区正常对照组）和450例上海市城区过敏性疾病患儿（城区病例组）进行过敏原皮肤点刺试验（SPT）。将郊区病例组患儿按年龄分为婴幼儿组、学龄前组和学龄组,比较各组SPT及各过敏原阳性率。结果 郊区病例组SPT阳性率（73.38%）高于郊区正常对照组（26.00%）,低于城区病例组（80.22%）,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。郊区病例组患儿主要过敏原为粉尘螨和屋尘螨,阳性率分别为57.88%和59.13%。除杂草和橡胶外,郊区病例组各过敏原阳性率与其他两组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。各年龄组郊区过敏性疾病患儿SPT阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 上海市郊区过敏性疾病患儿的主要过敏原为屋尘螨和粉尘螨;郊区过敏性疾病患儿SPT阳性率低于城区患儿,并与年龄有一定相关性。     

Prevalence of sensitivity to cockroach allergens and IgE cross- reactivity between cockroach and house dust mite allergens in Chinese patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma

Background Cockroaches are an important indoor allergen source causing allergic rhinitis and asthma. The aim of this study was to investigate the cockroach prevalence in mainland of China and the cross-reactivity of IgE between cockroach and house dust mite allergen in Chinese patients.Methods The cockroach sensitization pattern was based on a skin prick test （SPT） obtained from a national multicenter prevalence study, in which 6304 patients from 25 allergy centers across China participated. Factors, including different regions of China, age, gender and the correlations between the American and German cockroaches and house dust mite Der p were investigated. Eighteen out of 1236 clinical sera from south China were selected to perform the cross-inhibition assay between house dust mites and cockroaches.Results Totally 25.7% of patients were SPT positive to the American cockroach （Periplaneta Americana, Per a） and 18.7% SPT positive to the German cockroach （Blattella germanica, Bla g）. The prevalence of positive cockroach SPT was higher in southern than in northern China, higher in adults than in children, and higher in males than in females.Patients had relatively low levels of cockroach SPT reactions, mainly class 1 or 2. Of the SPT positive cockroach patients,88% were also SPT positive to house dust mite （Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Der p）. An IgE cross-inhibition study confirmed that Der P sensitization could cause false positive SPT reactions against cockroach.Conclusions A relatively high prevalence of cockroach sensitivity was found in mainland of China. However, a cross-inhibition study showed that only a small number of patients appear to have Bla g and/or Per a as primary sensitizing source. The importance of cockroaches as a risk factor for sensitization and triggers of allergic symptoms in mainland of China needs to be further investigated.     

变应性鼻炎屋尘螨变应原皮试结果比较分析

目的比较分析变应性鼻炎患者不同产地屋尘螨变应原在变应性鼻炎的皮试结果。方法306例中重度持续性变应性鼻炎患者,随机分组进行国产屋尘螨变应原皮内试验或国际标准阿罗格屋尘螨变应原皮肤点刺试验。结果国产屋尘螨变应原皮内试验阳性率88.69%(137/154),阿罗格屋尘螨变应原点刺法试验阳性率90.79%(138/152),两者间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);国产屋尘螨变应原IDT阳性达(++)及以上为62.34%(96/154),阿罗格屋尘螨变应原SPT阳性达(++)及以上为84.87%(129/152),两者间差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。无严重不良反应发生。结论国产屋尘螨变应原和阿罗格屋尘螨变应原均具有较高的阳性率,阿罗格屋尘螨变应原点刺法试验具有更高的灵敏性及特异性。     

血清IgE水平检测及变应原皮试诊断Ⅰ型变态反应病的意义

目的 检测变态反应病患者血清IgE的水平及变应原皮试并分析其临床意义。方法 应用酶联免疫吸附分析法检测了150例正常人与223例变态反应病患者血清IgE水平。结果 结果表明：（1）正常人血清IgE水平随年龄增长而下降（P＜0．01）,（2）各年龄组（小于等于20岁,21－40岁和大于等于40岁）变态反应病患者血清IgE水平均高于对照组;（3）吸入性变态反应病患者血清IgE水平明显高于同年龄正常对照组（P＜0．01）,与皮试结果有高度一致性,结论 血清IgE水平测定对变态反应病的诊断具有重要意义,与皮试联合应用,结合临床综合分析更有价值。     

上海地区变应性鼻炎患者变应原特征分析

目的 回顾性分析疑似变应性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)患者过敏原的特征与发病季节分布。方法 选取2015年1月1日至2017年12月31日就诊于我院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科有典型AR症状并行变应原测试的患者1570例,分析变应原检测结果及季节分布。结果 有1182例(75.3%)检测出至少一种变应原阳性;单纯血清总IgE阳性者为143例(9.1%);检测出单一过敏原的AR患者为491例(31.3%),两种及以上过敏原AR患者为691(44.0%),其中尘螨(包括屋尘螨和粉尘螨)为最常见的过敏原,共有715例约占所有变应原阳性AR患者的60.5%,其次为青霉素为239例(20.2%);在每年的4~6月、8~11月为AR患者就诊高发期。17-39岁人群占比最高。结论 尘螨为上海地区部分AR患者的主要过敏原,AR发作有时间分布差异。     

830例过敏性皮肤病血清总IgE和过敏原特异性IgE检测报告

目的:总结及分析过敏性皮肤病血清过敏原检测结果,探讨本地区过敏性皮肤病与年龄、性别、季节的关系及过敏原种类分布特点。方法:采用日本HITACHI公司试剂和CLA1过敏原分析仪对830例过敏性皮肤病患者进行血清总IgE和35种过敏原特异性IgE检测。结果:830例患者36项试验有一项以上阳性者553例,阳性率66.63%,35种过敏原试验有一种以上阳性者134例,阳性率16.14%,其中2岁～15岁年龄组35种过敏原试验阳性率27.45%,而>15岁年龄组35种过敏原试验阳性率14.56%,两组比较差异有显著性。阳性率较高的过敏原是粉尘螨、屋尘螨、家尘、青霉菌属和蘑菇。结论:血清总IgE和过敏原特异性IgE检查,对预防和治疗过敏性皮肤病具有重要参考意义。     

Allergen micro-array detection of specific IgE-reactivity in Chinese allergy patients

Background  Allergen micro-arrays are powerful tools for screening of serum IgE-reactivity. In this study allergen micro-arrays were used to identify dominating IgE-binding allergens and cross-reactivity patterns among selected Chinese allergy patients.

Methods  The study was conducted using patient sera from the cities of Guangzhou, Nanjing, Chengdu and Shenyang. In total 100 sera with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) specific IgE-levels higher than 50 kU/L were selected for testing against 103 individual allergens.

Results  Among 100 selected patients, 95% showed IgE-reactivity towards house-dust mite allergens Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f) 1, Der f 2 and Der p 2 and 94% were IgE positive against Der p 1, and 60% of sera contained IgE reacting against allergen Euroglyphus maynei (Eur m) 2. IgE against cat allergen, Felisdomesticus (Fel d) 1, was seen in 20%. Only 2% showed specific IgE-reactivity to Der p 10, a panallergen belonging to the tropomyosin family. Serum IgE-reactivity towards other allergens was in general low. IgE-reactivity against pollen allergens showed geographic differences.

Conclusions  This study clearly confirms that group 1 and group 2 are major allergens of house dust mites. These selected house-dust mite allergy patients are close to being mono-sensitized. Der p 10 is not an important allergen for cross-reactivity. Specific IgE-sensitization towards pollen allergens is low in southern China compared to other regions. The prevalence of food and stinging insect allergens known to give rise to IgE-mediated cross-reactivity is 2% or less.

     

The allergenic specificities of the house dust mite

The most important house dust mites are Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and in drier areas D. farinae. In subtropical and tropical regions the glycyphagid mite Blomia tropicalis is a major source of allergen, which co-exists with D. pteronyssinus. The group 1 and 2 allergens of Dermatophagoides mites are clearly major specificities and it is likely that these allergens could be the basis of new strategies of immunotherapy for many mite-allergic subjects. About 20% of patients, however, do not have IgE antibody to the group 1 and 2 allergens, and even though this is a minority, it constitutes a large population. There are also many other house dust mite allergens which have high IgE binding activity but these are present in low and variable concentrations in mite extracts, usually at less than 1% of the group 1 and 2 allergens. It must be appreciated that mite extracts are arbitrary preparations that do not accurately represent the relative concentrations of allergens in inhaled air. There is now the opportunity to produce more representative and more balanced formulations of allergens, possibly by mixtures of recombinant allergens. It is likely that the group 3, 5, 7 and 9 allergens will be important along with the high molecular weight group 11, 14, 15 and 18. The tropomyosin group 10 may be an important cross-reacting allergen. B. tropicalis is, because of its distribution in highly populated regions with increasing affluence, a very important allergen. It has low-grade cross-reactivity with Dermatophagoides but most allergens only have 30-40% sequence identity between the different families so they require different allergens for immunotherapy and new diagnostic measures are required to distinguish the sensitivity between the mite families. Studies on B. tropicalis allergens are required to identify the major allergens that do not appear to be the group land 2 specificities. Component resolved diagnosis is a newly developing procedure that uses allergen arrays to provide a diagnostic format to differentiate between cross-reacting allergens and to identify the optimal formulation of allergens for different patients.     

海口市儿童哮喘变应原流行病学调查研究

目的 了解海口市儿童哮喘常见变应原状况.方法 2012年9~12月本研究采取整群抽样的流行病学方法调查海口市0~14岁儿童10 241名,确诊哮喘患儿324例,对所有哮喘患儿进行过敏史问卷调查及皮肤点刺试验和血清过敏原特异性IgE (SIgE)抗体检测.结果 324例哮喘患儿中224例(69.1%)过敏史阳性,其中湿疹91例(28.1%),食物过敏64例(19.8%),药物过敏28例(8.6%),香烟过敏18例(5.6%),装修气味过敏19例(5.9%),宠物过敏13例(4.0%),油烟过敏11例(3.4%),花粉过敏9例(2.8%).皮肤点刺阳性率为83.0%(269例),其中屋尘螨及粉尘螨阳性率分别为90.1%(292例)及89.2%(289例),热带螨为85.5%(277例),蟑螂19.6%(64例),霉菌3.4%(11例),花粉3.4%(11例),猫毛11.7%(38例),狗毛25.3%(82例).吸入性过敏原IgE阳性率为72.2%(235例),以尘螨为最高(69.8%,226例);食入性过敏原IgE阳性率为28.7%(93例),牛奶占25.3%(82例),鸡蛋白占9.9%(32例),虾蟹占22.8%(74例),热带水果占9.0%(24例),鱼占8.3%(27例).不同年龄组哮喘患儿吸入性过敏原特异性IgE阳性率比较显示,3~7岁组屋尘螨、蟑螂阳性率高于0~3岁组(P<0.05),7~14岁组屋尘螨、蟑螂、狗毛上皮、猫毛上皮阳性率高于0~3岁组(P<0.05).结论 海口市儿童哮喘常见变应原以屋尘螨、粉尘螨和热带螨为主,狗毛、蟑螂及猫毛比例也较高.食入性过敏原以牛奶、鸡蛋白多见,且虾蟹、热带水果致敏对本地区儿童哮喘的影响也不容忽视.     

特异性变应原雾化吸入减敏防治过敏性支气管哮喘的临床研究

目的探讨特异性变应原雾化吸入减敏防治过敏性支气管哮喘的临床效果、可行性及其优缺点。方法采用随机对照的方法,将40例未控制、尘螨阳性的过敏性支气管哮喘患者随机分为A组（常规治疗组,20例）和B组（吸入减敏组,20例）。两组接受相同的基础治疗,同时A组雾化吸人生理盐水5ml每周2次,B组雾化吸人特异性变应原每周2次持续6个月。治疗前后检测如下指标：（1）哮喘症状控制测试（ACT）评分;（2）肺功能及气道反应性测定;（3）皮肤过敏原测试;（4）平均每周使用万托林喷数。结果治疗后两组ACT评分较治疗前明显改善（P均〈0．05）;两组肺功能FEV．占预计值百分比较治疗前均有明显上升（P均〈0．05）;两组皮试强度反应性均较治疗前无明显变化（P均〉0．05）;两组使用万托林喷数明显较治疗前减少（P均〈0．05）。支气管激发试验阴性率B组高于A组（80．0％W55．0％,P〈0．05）。结论特异性变应原雾化吸人减敏可有效降低气道高反应,因此在防治过敏性支气管哮喘中具有II缶床价值。     

2230例变应性疾病患者血清特异性抗体测定分析

目的检测变应性疾病血清特异性抗体筛选相关过敏原,为临床诊断和治疗提供依据。方法采用过敏原检测系统,对2 230例变应性疾病患者的血清特异性免疫球蛋白E(immunoglobulin,IgE)及总IgE水平进行了检测。结果 2230例变应性疾病患者中过敏原以屋尘螨(28.3%)、粉尘螨(26.6%)为最高,其后依次为蒿(14.9%)、猫毛皮屑(9%)、牛羊肉(9%)、蟑螂(8.3%)、鱼虾蟹(8.1%)、霉菌(6.6%)、牛奶(6.1%)、矮豚草(5.6%)、腰果花生(4.6%)、榆、梧桐、柳、三角叶杨(3.8%)、鸡蛋白(3.8%)、黄豆(3.1%);总IgE阳性率为46.9%。结论血清特异性IgE及总IgE的检测分析可以帮助临床寻找相应过敏原,为变应性疾病的预防、诊断和治疗提供依据。     

变应性鼻炎患者血清特异性IgE及总IgE测定118例分析

目的了解变应性鼻炎疾病特异性过敏原及血清总IgE水平变化。方法采用酶筛分析法(AllergyScreen)对118例变应性鼻炎患者的血清过敏原及总IgE水平进行了检测。结果118例变应性鼻炎患者中吸入组过敏原以以屋尘螨粉、尘螨(62/118)为最高,其后依次为猫毛皮屑、狗毛皮屑(35/118)、矮豚草、蒿(14/118)、蟑螂(12/118)、柏榆、梧桐、柳三角叶杨(8/118)、律草(7/118)、点青霉、分枝孢霉、烟曲霉、交链孢霉(6/118);食入组过敏原以牛肉、羊肉(13/118)为最高,其后依次为腰果、花生、黄豆(11/118)、小麦(10/118)、牛奶(9/118)、鱼虾蟹(5/118)、芒果(4/118)、鸡蛋白、鸡蛋黄(1/118);总IgE阳性率为35.59%。结论血清过敏原及总IgE酶筛分析可以帮助临床合理寻找相应过敏原,为变应性鼻炎的预防、诊断和治疗提供依据。     

Correlation between asthma severity and serum IgE in asthmatic children sensitized to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus

BACKGROUND: We undertook this study to test the possible correlation between serum concentration of total and specific IgE antibodies and asthma severity in asthmatic children sensitized to the house dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. METHODS: The study included 157 asthmatic children aged 5-15 years (8 +/- 3 years). Clinical diagnosis was based on personal and family history, physical examination, pulmonary function testing and skin tests. Asthma severity was determined according to GINA guidelines. In vitro tests included serum concentration of total and specific IgE. RESULTS: All asthmatic children had elevated serum concentration of total IgE. The children with elevated serum concentration of total IgE also showed an increased serum concentration of specific IgE. Asthma of higher higher severity was present in patients with total IgE concentration >288.0 kIU/L (AUC = 0.736) and specific IgE to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus >44.1 kIUA/L (AUC = 0.843). Intermittent asthma was present in 76.9% of children with specific IgE concentration <44.1 kIUA/L. The positive predictive value suggested with 79.2% probability that a child with a concentration of specific IgE to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus >44.1 kIUA/L would have a more severe form of asthma. CONCLUSIONS: Asthmatic children with higher asthma severity have a higher serum concentration of both total IgE (>288.0 kIU/L) and specific IgE to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (>44.1 kIUA/L), respectively.     

Pattern of skin sensitivity to various aeroallergens by skin prick test in patients of allergic airway disease in South Western Maharashtra

BackgroundThe prevalence of allergic diseases such as asthma and allergic rhinitis is high in the general population, and aeroallergens are the most common allergens that cause airway inflammation. Skin prick testing (SPT) is a validated method to diagnose IgE-mediated allergic diseases. The knowledge of allergen sensitivity pattern in this part of India is limited. The present study was undertaken to identify common aeroallergens prevalent in this area using a standardized SPT.MethodsWe did a cross-sectional hospital-based study. A total of 330 patients of proven allergic airway disease underwent SPT. We used a validated skin prick test which included 22 allergen extracts, 1 positive control, and 1 negative control.ResultsA total of 327 patients were included in the study. Two hundred seventy-one (82.27%, n = 327) patients had a positive SPT to one or more aeroallergen extract. The sensitivity of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (49.85%) was seen in the maximum number of people followed by Dermatophagoides farinae (47.70%).ConclusionsIn our study, dust mites were the most common aeroallergen seen in maximum study subjects.     

深圳特区变应性鼻炎患者螨与蟑螂过敏原体外检测与分析

目的探讨深圳特区变应性鼻炎患者血清中螨和蟑螂过敏原特异性免疫球蛋白E(sIgE)的情况及其相互关系。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)对该院1998~2010年就诊于耳鼻咽喉科门诊的1 935例患者进行血清过敏原体外检测。结果在变应性鼻炎患者中,对尘螨过敏的具有极高的阳性率,蟑螂过敏也有较强的阳性率,血清中的sIgE值尘螨显著高于蟑螂(P<0.01)。结论尘螨和蟑螂均为引起变应性鼻炎最主要的过敏原之一,尤其是尘螨,预防和治疗研究工作的重点应当是这些过敏原。