CT透视引导下胸部小病灶穿刺活检的临床价值

目的探讨CT引导胸部小病灶穿刺活检技术及诊断价值。方法 50例胸部小病灶(<3 cm)在CT引导下采用自动切割式活检针穿刺活检。结果50例胸部肿块穿刺活检病灶取材成功100%。胸部肿块穿刺活检的诊断准确率96%(48/50),对恶性病变诊断准确率97.5%(39/40),良性病变为90%(9/10)。并发气胸2例,少量出血1例。结论 C T引导下穿刺活检是安全、有效的诊断手段,对于胸部病变诊断的准确率高,CT引导下胸部小病灶穿刺活检对胸部病变的诊断和治疗具有重要意义。     

CT导引下的纵隔病变穿刺活检

目的探讨CT导引纵隔病变穿刺活检技术及其临床意义。方法35例纵隔病变在CT导引下行穿刺活检。结果35例纵隔病变穿刺活检病灶成功率100%。诊断准确率94.2%(33/35),其中恶性病变诊断准确率100%(21/21),良性病变为85.7%(11/14)。并发气胸3例(8.6%),纵隔出血1例(2.9%)。结论CT导引下穿刺活检术对于纵隔病变诊断的正确率高,对纵隔病变的诊治具有很大的帮助。     

CT引导下肠道占位病变穿刺活检的临床应用北大核心CSCD

目的 探讨CT引导下经皮穿刺活检对肠道占位病变肠镜活检的补充诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析2015年1月至2021年5月陆军军医大学第一附属医院行CT引导下穿刺活检的35例患者的临床资料。收集患者基本信息,病灶所在位置,比较经皮穿刺活检与肠镜活检的取材成功率、诊断准确率、以及并发症的发生情况。结果 35例患者共有36处病灶,病灶位于十二指肠1处,空肠1处,回盲部3处,结肠16处,直肠15处。CT引导下经皮穿刺活检取材成功率为100%(36/36),肠镜活检成功率为55.6%(20/36),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);CT引导穿刺活检诊断准确率为95%(19/20),肠镜活检准确率为50%(10/20),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。CT引导穿刺术后随访未见明显穿刺相关并发症。结论 CT引导下肠道占位病变经皮穿刺活检是一种安全、可行、有效的方法,可作为肠道占位病变标本活检的补充手段。     

多层螺旋CT在经皮穿刺肺组织活检中的应用价值

目的探讨多层螺旋CT(MSCT)引导下经皮穿刺肺组织活检的技术方法,并评价MSCT在经皮穿刺肺组织活检中的应用价值。资料与方法对42例患者的42个肺部病灶进行MSCT引导下经皮穿刺肺活检。结果42个病灶均成功穿刺(成功率为100%)。肺外周小病灶的一次穿刺成功率为88.2%(15/17),肺门部病灶的一次穿刺成功率为86.7%(13/15)。病理检出40例,诊断成功率和活检准确率均为95.2%。术后并发肺出血2例,发生率为4.8%;气胸2例,发生率为4.8%。结论MSCT引导不仅能提高经皮穿刺肺外周部小病灶和肺门部病灶的技术成功率、诊断成功率和活检准确性,而且能减少并发症的发生。     

CT引导淋巴瘤穿刺活检的临床应用

目的探讨CT引导下穿刺活检深部病灶确诊淋巴瘤的临床应用价值。方法58例患者在CT引导下用16~20G活检枪穿刺取材,穿刺部位包括纵隔、肺部、后腹膜、胃肠道、脾、肾、肾上腺及骨骼肌肉深部肿块。病理行常规HE染色及免疫组化染色检查。结果CT引导下穿刺活检确诊恶性淋巴瘤47例,诊断阳性率81%,假阴性11例;其中4例重复穿刺活检明确诊断。穿刺确诊病例中,89.4%(42/47)获得淋巴瘤的组织学分型,另5例因组织少,仅诊断为恶性淋巴瘤,未做出具体分型。本组病例无一例发生严重并发症。结论CT引导深部病灶穿刺活检术对淋巴瘤诊断有确诊率高,并发症少,快速、安全的优点;对恶性淋巴瘤的确诊及组织学分型有重要的作用。     

CT引导下经皮穿刺活检对纵隔占位病变的诊断价值

目的评价CT引导下经皮穿刺活检术在纵隔占位病变中的应用价值和安全性。方法采用弹簧式自动活检枪,在CT精确定位下对纵隔内占位病变行经皮穿刺活检,所获标本送病理组织学检查,并对穿刺准确性、病理确诊率和并发症发生情况进行分析。结果本组33例病灶穿刺成功率100%,病理确诊率85%,无一例发生并发症。结论CT引导下经皮穿刺活检术是一项操作方便,定位精确,穿刺准确率和病理确诊率高,安全可靠的介入放射诊断技术,对纵隔占位病变的定性诊断很有价值,值得临床推广应用。     

CT引导肺穿刺活检对不同大小病灶的应用价值

目的:探讨CT引导肺穿刺活检对不同大小病灶的应用价值.材料和方法:回顾性分析CT引导肺部病变穿刺活检184例.病灶按大小分为两组,其中≥3cm者122个,<3cm者62个,分析穿刺活检术对两组病变的诊断正确率和并发症发生率.结果:CT引导肺穿刺活检对肺内大、小病灶的诊断正确率分别为92.6%(113/122)和91.9%(57/62;P>0.05).<3cm病灶的气胸发生率(19.2%)明显高于≥3cm病灶(5.2%;P<0.01),前者出血发生率(44.2%)亦显著高于后者(15.1%;P<0.01).结论:CT引导肺穿刺活检对大、小病灶的诊断准确率均较高,对大病灶活检的安全性高于小病灶.     

CT引导穿刺治疗骨盆病变的临床分析

目的 CT引导下穿刺活检在骨盆病变精准医疗中的诊断价值。方法分析我院CT引导下骨盆穿刺活检病例86例临床资料,对其成功率、准确性及后续诊治情况进行随访。结果 86例穿刺病例中,穿刺成功率为98.8%(85/86),穿刺活检阳性率为96.5%(83/86)。穿刺活检在鉴别病变是否为恶性方面的敏感性、特异性、准确率、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为82.80%、100%、90.60%、100%、76.3%;溶骨性骨质破坏59例,成骨性骨质破坏11例,混合性骨质破坏16例,溶骨性病灶与非溶骨性病灶穿刺活检准确率无明显差异(χ~2=2.35,P=0.13);1例非霍其金淋巴瘤患者,术后穿刺针道区域出现少许血肿;45例接受了手术治疗,41例行包括放疗、化疗、抗痨、抗炎等在内的非手术治疗。结论 CT引导下穿刺骨盆病变活检是诊断准确率高、损伤小的微创检查,为临床精准治疗提供可靠依据。     

新型同轴技术在前中纵隔肿块穿刺活检术中应用

目的 评价新型同轴技术在CT引导下经胸骨路径前中纵隔肿块穿刺活检术中的临床应用.方法 2014年6月-2015年6月共21例接受CT引导下经胸骨前中纵隔肿块穿刺活检术患者.先应用14 G Bonopty骨穿刺套针穿刺建立同轴,再用18G安捷泰穿刺活检针或全自动切割针沿同轴行旋切负压抽吸或切割,取穿刺组织满意后,送病理检查.结果 2例患者因第一次取材较少行第2次穿刺活检术.穿刺病理结果为胸腺瘤11例(A型l例,AB型3例,B1型1例,B2型3例,B3型1例,胸腺癌2例),良性胸腺增生1例,淋巴瘤5例,纵隔型鳞癌3例,纵隔型神经内分泌癌l例.恶性肿瘤诊断的灵敏度88.19％(16/18),阳性预测值100％(16/16),无假阳性.良性病变诊断的特异性3/3,阴性预测值3/5,总的诊断准确率90.5％％(19/21).术后并发症:出血2例,均为极少量.无需处理.结论 CT引导下经胸骨同轴穿刺前中纵隔肿块活检,准确性较高、并发症发生率低,值得应用.     

CT导向下切割活检在纵隔病变诊断中的应用价值

目的 探讨经皮针刺切割活检纵隔病变的临床应用价值.方法 回顾性分析52例纵隔肿瘤CT导向下经皮针刺切割活检术.穿刺针为美国MD公司TRU-CORE 18 G切割针,52例均做切割病理组织学检查,6例加做免疫组化.结果 (1)病变部位前纵隔49例,中纵隔1例,后纵隔2例;(2)43例病理诊断明确,9例病理诊断不确定.穿刺活检正确率为82.7% ,假阴性率为17.3% ,假阳性病例1例;(3)淋巴瘤活检准确性为50%, 辅以免疫组织化学后切割活检的准确性为80%,明显提高了穿刺活检的诊断准确率(χ2 = 3. 96 ,P<0.05);(4) 8 例小病灶穿刺敏感性为50%,44 例大病灶穿刺敏感性为84.1%,穿刺阳性率与病灶大小无关(确切概率法P>0. 05);(5)胸腺类肿瘤、淋巴结转移性癌活检准确性分别为93%、100% ,淋巴瘤活检准确性仅为50%, 胸腺类肿瘤、淋巴结转移性癌活检阳性率显著高于淋巴瘤(P < 0.05)与前2组比较有统计学意义(P < 0.05);(6) 穿刺并发症发生率为9.6%.气胸发生率为5.8%.结论 CT导向下经皮切割活检术是纵隔病变安全而有价值的诊断方法,辅以免疫组织化学技术可以很大提高纵隔病变的诊断正确率.     

CT导向下经皮针刺活检前纵隔肿瘤

目的　探讨经皮针刺活检前纵隔肿瘤的影响穿刺准确性的因素。资料与方法　回顾性分析 80例前纵隔肿瘤CT导向下经皮针刺活检术。结果　 (1)病理学明确诊断 6 7例 ,不能确定诊断 13例 ;(2 )细针抽吸、切割针活检穿刺敏感性分别为 75 %、90 .5 % ;(3) 16例小病灶穿刺敏感性为 6 8.8% ,6 4例大病灶穿刺敏感性为 87.5 % ;(4)胸腺类肿瘤、淋巴结转移性癌活检准确性均为 92 % ,淋巴瘤活检准确性仅为 6 5 % ,与前两组比较有统计学意义(P <0 .0 5 ) ;(5 )穿刺并发症发生率为 7.5 %。结论　切割针活检阳性率高于细针活检 ,活检阳性率大病灶高于小病灶 ,胸腺类肿瘤、淋巴结转移性癌活检阳性率显著高于淋巴瘤 ;CT导向下经皮针刺活检术是前纵隔肿瘤安全、有价值的诊断方法。     

前纵隔病变的CT引导经皮切割针穿刺--非经胸骨的活检

目的：探讨非经胸骨的前纵隔病灶切割针穿刺的方法、技术、临床价值及其并发症。资料与方法：回顾性分析1992－2001年间共对39例前纵隔病变行CT引导下的非经胸骨的经皮穿刺。所用穿刺针为16、18、19和20G自动芯状活检枪。所有病例同时行细胞学和组织学检查，并分析其准确性和并发症。结果：35例得到病理诊断。包括淋巴瘤6例，转移性肿瘤5例（腺癌2例，鳞癌2例，低分化癌1例），恶性肿瘤（未能分型）5例，胸腺瘤4例，腺癌、鳞癌、胸内甲状腺、结核、结节病各2例，恶性畸胎瘤、内胚窦瘤、小圆细胞瘤、Castleman‘s病、纵隔血肿各1例。失败4例，原因为切割组织太少（2例），肿瘤液化坏死（1例）和抽吸物为血液（1例）。随后确诊为淋巴瘤3例，另1例颈部活检为转移性低分化癌，系假阴性。并发症包括皮下血肿3例，纵隔血肿2例，纵隔气肿2例。准确率为89．7％（35／39），假阴性率为10．3％（4／39），总的并发症发生率为17．9％（7／39）。结论：CT引导下非经胸骨的经皮前纵隔穿刺适用于前纵隔各个部位的病灶，是一种较经胸骨活检更简便和安全的定性诊断方法。     

使用切割针行经皮纵隔肿块穿刺活检术

探讨ＣＴ引导下使用切割针行经皮纵隔肿块穿刺活检术的临床价值。材料和方法：对３２例纵隔肿块,使用１６～１９Ｇ切割针在ＣＴ引导下施行穿刺活检术,分别进行细胞学和组织学检查。结果：诊断准确性为９３．８％,假阴性率６．１％。并发症包括气胸（３例）、肺内出血（５例）、纵隔内出血（３例）,其发生与穿刺路径有关;总体发生率为３４．４％（１１／３２）,均无需特殊处理。结论：ＣＴ引导下经眼纵隔肿块切割活检术诊断准确     

CT fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous needle biopsies in thoracic mass lesions

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of computed tomographic (CT) fluoroscopy guidance for transthoracic needle biopsies. METHODS AND MATERIAL: CT fluoroscopy-guided biopsies were performed in 81 patients with thoracic mass lesions. Interrupted CT fluoroscopy technique was used with 50-130 mA at 120 kV exposure parameters and slice thickness of 10 mm. We used aspirating needle in 41 patients, cutting needle in 28 patients, and both in 12 patients. We obtained adequate biopsy material in 69 patients at first attempt. Mean fluoroscopy time was 15.17 s and maximum procedure time was 18 min. RESULTS: Adequate samples for pathological diagnosis were obtained in all lesions. Pathological diagnoses were malignant in 41 patients, benign in 27 patients, and suspiciously malignant in 13 patients. There was no significant difference between diagnostic accuracy of the needles in malignant and benign lesions. Complications were observed in 11 patients (13.5%). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: CT fluoroscopy-guided technique provides effective real-time needle biopsy in patients with small tumor size and with tumor located near blood vessels, and in non-compliant patients for diagnosing thoracic lesions.     

Musculoskeletal biopsies using computed tomography fluoroscopy

OBJECTIVE: To determine the diagnostic yield, accuracy, and safety of computed tomography (CT) fluoroscopy guidance for musculoskeletal biopsies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of musculoskeletal biopsies performed with CT fluoroscopy guidance over a 2-year period was made. Data collected were biopsy sites, CT fluoroscopic times, and biopsy results. Results were categorized as the following: positive, negative (but diagnostic), or nondiagnostic. Reference standard consisted of 5 years of follow-up to verify results. RESULTS: Ninety-five CT fluoroscopy-guided musculoskeletal biopsies were performed. Bone biopsies comprised 83% (79/95), and soft tissue biopsies comprised 17% (16/95). The mean age was 54 years (range, 16-90 years); 40.0% (38/95) were male subjects, and 60.0% (57/95) were female subjects. For all subjects, CT fluoroscopic times ranged from 2 to 310 seconds, with a mean time of 63 seconds and a median time of 34 seconds. The diagnostic yield was 96% (91/95), with a nondiagnostic result in 4% (4/95) of subjects. Diagnostic biopsy specimens showed a positive result in 63% (60/95) of subjects and a negative but diagnostic result in 33% (31/95) of subjects. There were no major complications. CONCLUSIONS: Computed tomography fluoroscopic-guided musculoskeletal biopsies show a high diagnostic yield and are accurate and safe. The biopsy results are similar or superior to other published reports using conventional CT guidance with only a small overall fraction being nondiagnostic. The benefits of real-time imaging are at the cost of operator exposure to ionizing radiation and the risk of potentially high exposures to both patient and operator. The impact on indications for which lesions are most amenable to percutaneous biopsy using CT fluoroscopy and procedure time has yet to be determined.     

CT导引下胸部病变穿刺活检的临床分析

目的：评价CT导引下穿刺活检在胸部病变诊断中的价值。方法：有手术病理或临床随诊的胸部病变CT穿刺活检223例，其中125例133次活检为传统CT导引下活检，其余98例105次CT穿刺活检应用激光导引装置。结果：223例胸部病变中212例有临床诊断结果，CT穿刺活检诊断正确率为82．1％（174／212），对恶性病变的敏感率86．2％（131／152），特异性100％、对良性病变明确诊断率为71．7％（43／60）。并发症包括13．0％（31／238）发生气胸，1．3％（3／238）需要放胸腔引流管，5．0％（1／238）发生肺实质少量出血，0．8％（2／238）出现少量咳血。激光导引下CT穿刺活检诊断正确率为88．4％（84／95），明显高于传统CT导引下活检76．9％（90／117）的诊断正确率，两者在气胸发生率、每次活检平均胸膜穿刺次数方面无统计学差异。结论：CT导引下胸部病变穿刺活检是一种安全、准确、有效的诊断及鉴别诊断方法。激光导引装置在胸部CT穿刺活检中有较高的应用价值，尤其对于小病灶和中心性病变。与传统CT导引下活检相比激光导引下CT活检可提高诊断证确率、缩短活检时间。     

CT-guided percutaneous transthoracic biopsy in the diagnosis of mediastinal masses: evaluation of 73 procedures

PURPOSE: This study was performed to evaluate the factors affecting the diagnostic accuracy and rate of complications of CT-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy of mediastinal masses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 73 consecutive mediastinal biopsies in 70 patients. Final diagnoses were based on a retrospective analysis of surgical outcomes, results of repeat biopsies or findings of imaging and clinical follow-up lasting at least 4 months. Benign and malignant biopsy findings were compared with the final outcomes to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the method. Finally, we analysed the complications. RESULTS: CT-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy provided adequate samples in 61/73 cases, with a total sample rate of 83.6%. Of these 61 biopsies, 51 yielded a correct diagnosis with specific histological typing, mainly in the case of thymoma and metastasis. Lymphomas were less reliably diagnosed. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy values were 83.6%, 100%, 100%, 35.3% and 83.6%, respectively. Pneumothorax was the most common complication (5.5%). CONCLUSIONS: CT-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy is an easy, reliable and safe procedure that obviates the need for exploratory surgery in medically treatable or unresectable cases. It should be the first invasive procedure in the diagnostic workup of mediastinal masses.     

小细胞肺癌的CT表现与诊断途径

目的探讨小细胞肺癌（SCLC）的CT表现、分型及诊断途径。方法对220例SCLC进行X线CT回顾性分析,并与54例病理观察相对照,讨论SCLC的CT表现与病理基础。结果肺内肿块、肺门与纵隔广泛性淋巴结肿大,而肺不张少见,是SCLC的CT表现特点,CT诊断的可能性达80.5%,结合经皮针刺活检阳性率可达91.1%。结论CT平扫结合CT导向经皮针刺活检是SCLC确诊的主要途径。