Validity and cost-effectiveness of the Gonozyme test in the diagnosis of gonorrhea.

Although bacterial culture is considered to provide the most definitive diagnosis of gonorrhea, it has limitations when specimens must be transported long distances. A study was carried out to evaluate the validity and cost-effectiveness of an alternative method of diagnosing gonorrhea, the Gonozyme test, a commercially available enzyme immunoassay. Urogenital specimens from 100 men and 100 women with symptoms suggestive of or a history of exposure to gonorrhea were tested for the presence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae by means of bacterial culture and for gonococcal antigen with the Gonozyme test. The specimens from the men were also examined by means of microscopy of Gram-stained smears. The sensitivity and specificity of the Gonozyme test with reference to culture results were 95.6% and 97.4% respectively in the men and 84.2% and 98.7% in the women. The predictive value of a positive result was 91.6% in the men and 94.1% in the women, and the predictive value of a negative result 98.6% in the men and 96.3% in the women. The cost-effectiveness of the Gonozyme test was higher than that of bacterial culture in this population, which had a high prevalence rate of gonorrhea (23% in the men and 19% in the women). The Gonozyme test would be an adequate alternative to culture for the diagnosis of gonorrhea and contact tracing in areas far from diagnostic laboratories.     

涂片、培养和实时荧光定量PCR检测在妇科的临床应用

目的：比较涂片革兰染色、培养和实时荧光定量PCR（FQ-PCR）检测妇科性病淋球菌感染的临床应用价值,寻找一种快速而敏感的淋球菌检测方法。方法：同时用涂片革兰染色、培养和FQ-PCR检测临床疑诊淋病123例女性阴道标本中的淋球菌,以培养法为“金标准”,将另外两种方法与之比较,分别计算其敏感性、特异性、阳性预期值和阴性预期值。结果：涂片检出率为76．4％、培养法检出率为66．7％、FQ-PCR检出率为69．9％;经配对计数资料Х^2检验,FQ-PCR与培养法的检出率比较差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。涂片法和FQ-PCR法的敏感性、特异性、阳性预期值和阴性预期值分别为94．2％、66．7％、87．2％、82.8％和97．6％、89．7％、95．3％、94．6％。结论：FQ-PCR检测淋球菌,可弥补涂片法较粗糙、培养法耗时长的缺点。FQ-PCR具有准确快速,敏感性和特异性较高的特点,是一种具有临床应用价值的淋球菌快速定量检测方法。     

革兰氏染色与淋球菌培养诊断女性淋病的比较研究

本文用淋球菌培养比较研究对革兰氏染色法在女性淋病诊断中的应用作重新评价.妇科门诊500名病人615价标本的检查结果表明,革兰氏染色法敏感性为94.9%,特异性为95.2%,阳性预报率为74%,阴性预报率为99.2%.该结果提示革兰氏染色法可以用于健康女性的筛选和女性淋病的诊断     

亚硝酸盐测定和染色镜检对尿路感染的临床意义

目的：探讨亚硝酸盐测定和染色镜检两者在尿路感染的诊断应用。方法：对中段尿作细菌定量培养，同时行尿常规亚硝酸盐测定和尿染色镜检细菌。结果：亚硝酸盐测定对尿路感染的诊断灵敏度为62．8％，特异度为96．3％，阳性预测值为75．9％，阴性预测值为93．3％。染色镜检细菌对尿璐感染的诊断灵敏度为85．7％，特异度为94．1％，阳性预测值为73．2％。阴性预测值为9r7．3％。两法相结合的诊断灵敏度为57．1％，特异度为99．7％，阳性预测值为97．6％，阴性预测值为92．6％。结论：亚硝酸盐检测和染色镜检相结合能够帮助临床较快地诊断尿路感染。     

肾脏实性占位病变诊断中应用超声造影技术的可行性及优越性分析

目的：分析肾脏实性占位病变诊断中应用超声造影技术的可行性及优越性。方法：选取2013年1月至2016年6月86例肾脏实性占位病变患者对观察对象。所有患者均行常规超声检测和超声造影检测,观察两种检测方法的特异性、准确性、敏感性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值。结果：将病理学检验结果作为金标准,超声造影的特异性、准确性、敏感性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为：94．2％、96．5％、93．0％、74．4％和100．0％;而常规超声的特异性、准确性、敏感性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为：72．1％、70．9％、59．3％、19．7％、94．2％,超声造影与常规超声在特异性、准确性及阳性预测值方面的比较差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）,但在敏感性和阴性预测值方面的比较差异无统计学意义。结论：肾脏实性占位病变诊断中应用超声造影技术具有较高的特异性、准确性和敏感度,对于临床诊断及鉴别具有较高的应用价值。     

输血四项检测中化学发光微粒免疫分析技术的价值及应用

［摘要］ 目的探讨化学发光微粒免疫分析技术（chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay，CMIA）在检测乙型肝炎表面抗原（hepatitis B surface antigen，HBsAg）、人类免疫缺陷病毒（human immunodeficiency virus，HIV）、丙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis C virus，HCV）、梅毒螺旋体（treponema pallidum，TP）抗体输血四项指标中的价值。 方法选择进行输血前四项检查的患者300例。采用CMIA检测患者的血清标本，与病理检查结果比较。 结果CMIA检测血清HBsAg、HIV抗体、TP抗体、HCV抗体的结果与临床病理检测结果比较，差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.000、0.000、0.267、0.150，P＞0.05）。CMIA检测HBsAg、HIV抗体敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、诊断符合率皆为100.00%；CMIA检测TP抗体敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、诊断符合率分别为93.33%、95.00%、94.91%、93.44%、94.17%；CMIA检测HCV抗体敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及诊断符合率分别为95.00%、91.67%、91.93%、94.83%、93.33%。 结论在输血四项指标检测中，CMIA与病理诊断结果比较，虽然存在一定的差异，但是表现出良好的敏感度和特异度，具有较高的阳性预测值、阴性预测值及诊断符合率。     

Cost-effectiveness of screening women at moderate risk for genital infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis

We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of screening women at moderate (prevalence, 7.9%) risk for urogenital infections with Chlamydia trachomatis. The characteristics of culture and direct antigen tests were based on published values. Those of serology were based on a comparative study in 434 college women. Three serological tests were evaluated: microimmunofluorescence, an indirect fluorescent antibody assay, and an enzyme-linked immunoassay. Their sensitivities and specificities were 97% and 64%, 87% and 64%, and 84% and 51%, respectively, compared with culture. Screening all patients with a direct antigen test costing less than $12 was more cost-effective than neither testing nor treating patients, although only 53% of patients with positive test results would actually be infected. The use of culture alone or as a confirmatory test was less cost-effective but had high positive predictive values. Seropositivity was not highly predictive of active infection. Chlamydial screening can be cost-effective in moderate-risk women.     

Validation of diagnostic algorithms for syndromic management of sexually transmitted diseases

Objective To validate our revised syndromic algorithms of the management of sexually transmitted diseases and determine their sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and cost-effectiveness.Methods Patients with either urethral discharge,vaginal discharge or genital ulcer,were selected during their first visits to three urban sexually transmitted disease clinics in Fujian Province,China,They were managed syndromically according to our revised flowcharts.The etiology of the syndromes was detected by laboratory testing.The data were analyzed using EPI INFO V6.0 software.Results A total of 736 patients were enrolled into the study.In male patients with urethral discharge,the sensitivities for gonococcal and chlamydial infections were 96.7% and 100%,respectively,using the syndromic approach.The total positive predictive value was 73%.In female patients with vaginal discharge,the sensitivity was 90.8%,specificity 46.9%,positive predictive value 50.9%,and negative predictive value 89.3% for the diagnosis of gonorrhea and/or chlamydial infection by syndromic approach.In patients with genital ulcer,the sensitivities were 78.3% and 75.8%,specificities of 83.6% and 42.9%,and positive predictive values of 60.0% and 41.0% for the diagnosis of syphilis and genital herpes, respectively,using the syndromic approach,Cost-effectiveness analysis indicated that the average cost of treatment for a patient with urethral discharge was RMB 46.03 yuan using syndromic management,in comparison with RMB 149.19 yuan by etiological management.Conclusions The syndromic management of urethral discharge was relatively effective and suited clinical application.The specificity and positive predictive value for syndromic management of vaginal discharge are not satisfactory.The revised flowchart of genital ulcer syndrome could be suitable for use in clinical settings.Further validation and revision are needed for syndromic approaches of vaginal discharge and genital ulcer.     

糖化血红蛋白与糖化白蛋白在诊断2型糖尿病中的价值比较

目的 探讨诊断2型糖尿病时糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)的参考值,并对比分析糖化白蛋白(GA-L)和HbA1c对于诊断2型糖尿病的灵敏度和可靠性.方法 509例疑似2型糖尿病患者(男268例,女241例),以2003年美国糖尿病学会(ADA)标准为诊断标准.通过绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线),分析比较GA-L及HbA1c诊断糖尿病的灵敏度和特异性.结果 HbA1c的ROC曲线的最佳切点为6.75％,灵敏度75.5％,特异度93.2％,曲线下面积0.886,阳性似然比5.45,阴性似然比0.23,阳性预测值92％,阴性预测值70％.GA-L的ROC曲线的最佳切点为17.45％,灵敏度70.1％,特异度91.6％,曲线下面积0.844.当HbA1c≥6.75％时诊断的准确性为94.9％,而GA-L≥17.45％时诊断的准确性为93.3％.结论HbA1c≥6.75％和GA-L≥17.45％可作为诊断2型糖尿病的一种参考方法,且HbA1c的灵敏度和特异度优于GA-L.     

碎裂 QRS 波在 PCI 术后室壁瘤形成的预测价值

目的：近年对冠心病急性冠脉综合征行早期介入冠脉支架介入术（percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI）逐年增加,治疗后,典型室壁瘤的心电图改变是ST段弓背抬高≥0．2mV持续2周,新的心电学指标：碎裂QRS波（fQRS）作为诊断室壁瘤标准之一。方法：回顾性分析515例患者,行PCI术后随机分为A组碎裂QRS披阳性合并ST段抬高,B组碎裂QRS波阳性合并无ST段抬高,观察在PCI术后室壁瘤形成的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值及阴性预测值。结果：A组行PCI术后诊断宅蹙瘤敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别79．5％,79．6％,76．0％,78．0％。B组行PCI术后诊断室壁瘤敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预删值分别13．1％、31．0％、8．9％、40．7％。行PCI术后室壁瘤fQRS阳性A组比B组明显增高（P〈0．001）。结论：在有室壁瘤诊断的其它证据时,CQRS作为PCI术后形成室壁瘤诊断的心电图新指标,fqRs合并sT段抬高对室壁瘤诊断有较高预测价值。     

脱落细胞DNA定量分析在口腔潜在恶性疾病诊断中的准确性

目的:探讨口腔黏膜脱落细胞DNA定量分析在筛查口腔鳞状细胞癌(oral squamous cell carcinoma, OSCC)及口腔潜在恶性疾病(oral potential malignant disorders, OPMDs)的准确性。方法:对203例口腔黏膜病患者进行组织病理学检查和DNA定量分析检测,以组织病理学检查为金标准,评价DNA定量分析诊断的灵敏度、特异度、Youden指数、阳性似然比、阴性似然比、阳性预测值、阴性预测值等。结果:共纳入组织病理学检查为OSCC和原位癌 (tumor in situ, TIS)的患者46例,白斑(oral leukoplakia, OLK)上皮异常增生患者39例,疣状白斑伴基底细胞增生活跃1例,白斑单纯增生29例,口腔扁平苔藓(oral lichen planus, OLP)83例,炎症5例。以组织病理学诊断结果为金标准,以OSCC、TIS和上皮异常增生为阳性组,其他为阴性组,DNA定量分析系统诊断的灵敏度为79.07%,特异度为81.20%,准确度为80.30%;诊断OSCC和TIS的灵敏度95.65%,特异度81.20%,诊断准确度为85.28%;诊断上皮异常增生时,DNA定量分析系统诊断的灵敏度60.00%,特异度81.20%,诊断准确度为75.8%。结论:DNA定量分析诊断操作微创,简便,可以作为OSCC及OPMDs的筛查方法以及OSCC术后随访的辅助监测手段。     

尿沉渣定量检测白细胞及细菌总数对尿路感染的诊断价值

目的 探讨尿沉渣中白细胞及细菌定量计数对尿路感染的诊断价值.方法 选取2014年2~11月在海南医学院第二附属医院住院疑似尿路感染患者436例尿液标本作为观察组,80例我院健康体检人员尿液标本作为对照组,均留取清洁中段尿同时做细菌培养和用Cobio XS尿沉渣分析仪进行定量检测.以尿培养为金标准,制作尿沉渣白细胞及细菌定量检测诊断尿路感染的ROC曲线,利用SPSS19.0软件绘制ROC曲线,评价预测价值,并计算其灵敏度、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和准确度.结果 观察组患者的尿沉渣细菌和白细胞阳性率分别为40.14%和33.26%,对照组分别为6.25%和5.00%,观察组明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);在436份尿液标本中,培养阳性118例占27.1%;以尿白细胞和细菌量作为诊断的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.786、0.820,临界值分别为13个/μL(白细胞)、111个/μL(尿细菌数);Cobio XS分析白细胞筛查的灵敏度为76.3%、特异性为82.7%、阳性预测值为62.1%,阴性预测值为90.4%、假阳性率为17.3%、假阴性率为23.7%.Cobio XS分析细菌的灵敏度为84.7%、特异性为76.7%、阳性预测值为57.5%,阴性预测值为93.1%、假阳性率为23.3%、假阴性率为15.3%.结论 Cobio XS尿全自动化分析仪检测尿液中白细胞及细菌数用于临床尿路感染的诊断具有简便快速、符合率高、成本低等优点,但还存在一定量的假阳性和假阴性结果,仍不能替代尿培养,可在一定程度上对大多数阴性者得以筛除.     

联合MR动态增强扫描、弥散加权成像在乳腺良恶性病变诊断中的应用价值

目的：探讨MR动态增强扫描、弥散加权成像及其联合应用在乳腺良恶性病变诊断中的应用价值。方法选择71例乳腺病变患者,另选择50名健康志愿者为对照组。所有纳入对象均接受磁共振常规扫描、增强扫描、弥散加权成像。计算不同方法诊断乳腺良恶性疾病的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值。结果 MR形态学在乳腺良恶性诊断中敏感度90.0%,特异度73.7%,阳性预测值78.3%,阴性预测值87.5%。乳腺多期动态增强扫描对乳腺癌良恶性诊断的敏感度92.5%,特异度66.4%,阳性预测值74.0%,阴性预测值89.3%。联合形态学、强化表现、DWI对乳腺良恶性病变诊断的敏感度95.0%,特异度89.5%,阳性预测值90.5%,阴性预测值94.4%。结论联合形态学、强化表现、DWI对乳腺良恶性病变进行诊断能够显著提高诊断的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值以及阴性预测值。     

伴有肾动脉狭窄的冠心病患者心绞痛表现分析

目的分析冠心病患者合并肾动脉狭窄时的心绞痛临床特点,并判断其对冠心病的诊断价值。方法对象为1998年1月至2005年5月同时进行肾动脉和冠状动脉造影的住院患者2820例。心绞痛3组症状包括时间性质部位符合心绞痛、劳力情绪诱发和休息硝酸甘油缓解。任何一支肾动脉和冠状动脉血管直径狭窄超过50％可以分别诊断为肾动脉狭窄和冠心病。结果合并肾动脉狭窄组243例（85．6％）,无肾动脉狭窄组2577例。以胸痛休息硝酸甘油缓解、劳力情绪诱发、时间性质部位符合心绞痛等一组症状,诊断合并肾动脉狭窄的冠心病患者,敏感性分别为94．2％、69．7％和75．5％,特异性14．3％、40．0％和25．7％,阳性预测值86．7％、87．3％和85．8％,阴性预测值29．4％、18．2％和15．0％。以胸痛休息硝酸甘油缓解和劳力情绪诱发、时间性质部位符合心绞痛和劳力情绪诱发、时间性质部位符合心绞痛和休息硝酸甘油缓解等2组症状,诊断合并肾动脉狭窄患者的冠心病,敏感性分别为68．8％、56．7％和72．6％,特异性40．0％、62．9％和45．7％,阳性预测值87．2％、90．1％和88．8％,阴性预测值17．7％、19．6％和21．9％。心绞痛3组症状对于合并肾动脉狭窄患者的冠心病的诊断,敏感性为56．4％、特异性62．9％、阳性预测值90．0％和阴性预测值19．5％。结论心绞痛1组、2组或3组症状,对于冠心病诊断的敏感性和漏诊率以及多数特异性和误诊率,在是否合并肾动脉狭窄的患者中无显著差异,在肾动脉狭窄的患者中,阳性预测值偏大、阴性预测值偏小。     

Xpert MTB/RIF对初治涂阴肺结核支气管肺泡灌洗液检测的研究

目的 探讨Xpert MTB/RIF检测支气管肺泡灌洗液对初治涂阴肺结核的早期快速诊断价值。方法 对南通市第六人民医院2015年6月—2018年1月连续三次痰涂片阴性的疑似初治肺结核住院患者332例,在抗结核治疗前行支气管镜检查,收集支气管肺泡灌洗液（Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,BALF）,行结核分枝杆菌涂片、BACTEC MGIT960快速培养及Xpert MTB/RIF检测,比较三种方法的阳性率,并分别以培养阳性及临床诊断为标准,计算Xpert MTB/RIF诊断涂阴肺结核的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值。结果 共有279例初治涂阴肺结核和53例非肺结核患者入组,279例初治涂阴肺结核的BALF检测结核分枝杆菌涂片、BACTEC MGIT960快速培养及Xpert MTB/RIF阳性率分别为2.51%、25.81%及50.90%,Xpert MTB/RIF阳性率明显高于涂片法及培养法,差异有统计学意义。以MGIT960培养阳性为标准,Xpert MTB/RIF诊断初治涂阴肺结核的敏感度为98.61%（71/72),特异度为100%（53/53）;阳性预测值为100.00%（71/71）,阴性预测值98.15%（53/54)。以临床诊断为标准,Xpert MTB/RIF诊断初治涂阴肺结核的敏感度为50.9%（142/279),特异度为100%（53/53）。阳性预测值为100%（142/142）,阴性预测值27.89%（53/190)。以DST 结果为金标准,Xpert MTB/RIF 检测利福平耐药的敏感度、特异度分别为 87.5％,98.44％,Xpert MTB/RIF与 DST两种方法检测利福平耐药的一致率达到 97.22％。且检测完成时间仅需2 h。结论 BALF中Xpert MTB/RIF检测敏感度、特异度均较高且能判断是否对利福平耐药,对初治涂阴肺结核有较大的早期快速诊断价值。     

血清(1,3)-β-D-葡聚糖检测对深部真菌感染的诊断价值

目的:研究血清中(1,3)-β-D-葡聚糖检测对深部真菌感染的临床意义.方法:回顾性分析1100例住院患者检测血清(1,3)-β-D-葡聚糖(真菌G试验)结果.结果:真菌G试验灵敏度为78.0%,特异度为89.9%,阳性预测值74.8%,阴性预测值91.4%,真菌G试验与临床诊断结果差异有统计学意义(x2=491.25,P<0.01).真菌培养灵敏度为48.9%,特异度为92.3%,阳性预测值71.0%,阴性预测值82.5%,真菌培养与临床诊断结果差异有统计学意义(x2=239.34,P<0.01).结论:真菌G试验的检测方法快速、阴性预示值高.传统的真菌培养耗时长,特异性虽高,但标本取材易受污染.建议临床对疑似深部真菌感染时,同时进行真菌G试验和病原培养以提高诊断的敏感性和特异性.     

sPESI联合hs-TnT对血流动力学稳定肺栓塞患者短期预后的评估价值

目的 探讨简化肺栓塞严重程度指数 (sPESI) 联合超敏肌钙蛋白 (hs-TnT) 对血流动力学稳定的肺栓塞 (PE) 患者短期预后的评估价值.方法 纳入99例血流动力学稳定的PE患者, sPESI评分≥1分为高危组及sPESI评分=0分为低危组.hs-TnT≥0.014 ng/m L为阳性组与hs-TnT<0.014 ng/m L为阴性组, 再进行二者联合分组, 对所有研究对象进行标准治疗及30 d的随访, 计算各分组预测不良事件的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值, 绘制ROC曲线, 评价各分组方式对PE患者短期预后的评估价值.结果 99例研究对象中, 有13例出现不良事件, 单项试验可见hs-TnT对PE患者不良事件的预测敏感度为84.6%, 特异度55.2%, 阳性预测值22%, 阴性预测值96%;sPESI对患者预后预测的敏感度92.3%, 特异度48.8%, 阳性预测值21.1%, 阴性预测值97.7%;联合试验敏感度100%, 特异度29%, 阳性预测值17.6%, 阴性预测值100%.sPESI评分曲线下面积AUC=0.832 (95%CI 0.7050.958) , hs-TnT AUC=0.825 (95%CI 0.6940.957) , sPESI联合hs-TnT AUC=0.872 (95%CI 0.7730.971) .结论 sPESI和hs-TnT在血流动力学稳定的PE患者短期预后的评估中都具有一定价值;sPESI联合hs-TnT评估预后价值优于单独使用, 尤其对辨别低危患者具有重要价值.     

Dipstick leukocyte esterase activity in first-catch urine specimens. A useful screening test for detecting sexually transmitted disease in the adolescent male

Although sexually active female adolescents are often routinely screened for sexually transmitted diseases, indications for culturing adolescent males for sexually transmitted urethral infections are controversial. A study of 54 sexually active males (14 to 22 years old) was undertaken to assess the reliability of using dipstick leukocyte esterase activity in first-catch urine specimens to detect urethritis caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis. Eighteen males had sexually transmitted diseases: N gonorrhoeae (nine patients), C trachomatis (eight patients), and N gonorrhoeae and C trachomatis (one patient). First-catch urine specimens with a 1+ (mild) or 2+ (moderate) reaction on dipstick testing had a leukocyte (WBC) count of 10 WBCs per high-power field or greater on microscopic analysis, with an 83% sensitivity, 100% specificity, a 100% positive predictive value, and a 92% negative predictive value for the presence of N gonorrhoeae, C trachomatis, or both. Clinical criteria for screening (urethral discharge, dysuria, or exposure to a sexually transmitted infection) plus a dipstick-positive first-catch urine specimen had a 94% sensitivity, 89% specificity, an 81% positive predictive value, and a 97% negative predictive value.     

Diagnosis of neurocysticercosis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Neurocysticercosis, a disease caused by larvae of T solium produces variable and non-specific symptoms. Computerised tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, immunological tests in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid are available options to diagnose the condition. Two hundred serum samples collected and stored frozen at -20 degrees C and were tested for cysticercosis by commercial Melotest cysticercosis kit. Diagnosis was confirmed by other investigations. After the confirmative diagnosis results of ELISA for cysticercosis were compared and the values of sensitivity, specificity, prevalence and precision were obtained along with positive and negative predictive values. Overall prevalence was found to be 10% in this study. Only 26.5% serologically positive cases had neurocysticercosis positively. The positive predictive value of the serological test was only 26.4% suggesting that the diagnosis of neurocysticercosis by ELISA is not reliable in an endemic area.     

糖化血红蛋白检测在妊娠糖尿病早期诊断的应用

目的:研究糖化血红蛋白在妊娠糖尿病早期诊断、病情监测及疗效评价的临床应用价值。方法:以就诊的孕妇345例为研究对象,167例血糖正常孕妇设为对照组,178例妊娠糖尿病患者设为GDM组。比较两组研究对象的空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白及口服葡萄糖耐量试验结果异常率,并对3种检测方法进行灵敏度、特异度、符合率、正确诊断指数及阴阳性预测值的方法学评价。结果:两组别空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白及口服葡萄糖耐量试验阳性率差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.001);灵敏度、特异度、符合率、正确诊断指数及及阴阳性预测值均以糖化血红蛋白为优,分别为81.5%、95.2%、88.1%、0.77、94.7%、87.3%。结论:糖化血红蛋白具有较高的灵敏度、特异度及预测值,在妊娠糖尿病的早期诊断上有一定的优势。