复方氨基酸脂质凝胶对实验动物皮肤创伤的修复作用

目的　观察复方氨基酸脂质凝胶对实验动物皮肤创伤的修复作用。方法　复制大鼠烫伤模型、豚鼠皮肤切割伤模型及家兔皮肤切割伤伴感染模型,测定皮肤愈合率。结果　复方氨基酸脂质凝胶对大鼠皮肤烫伤有促进恢复作用,对豚鼠皮肤切割伤有促愈合作用,在家兔皮肤切割伤伴感染模型显示脂质凝胶对家兔切割伤后不滴加细菌与滴加金黄色葡萄球菌或绿脓杆菌的皮肤愈合均有促进作用,其创面愈合百分率显著高于基质组。结论　复方氨基酸脂质凝胶能促进实验性创伤动物的创面修复。     

复方氨基酸脂质凝胶对创面修复与细菌感染的实验研究

目的；观察复方氨基酸脂质凝胶对实验性创伤动物创面修复与细菌感染的影响。方法:复制大鼠烫伤模型，小鼠与豚鼠皮肤切割伤模型及家兔皮肤切割伤伴感染模型，测定皮肤愈合面积和菌量，评价药物作用。结果：复方氨基酸脂质凝胶对大鼠皮肤疮疡有促恢复作用，对豚鼠和小鼠皮肤切割伤有促愈合作用，对家兔切割伤后不滴加细菌与滴加金葡球菌或绿脓杆菌的皮肤愈合均有促进作用，其创面愈合百分率显著高于基质组。复方氨基酸脂质凝胶与对照组比较，各组之间在不同时间的菌量无显著差异。结论：复方氨基酸脂质凝胶能促进实验性创伤动物创面修复，对细菌感染无不良影响.     

不同复方烫伤制剂的制备及其对兔深Ⅱ°烫伤的修复作用研究

目的:制备不同复方烫伤制剂并研究其对家兔皮肤深Ⅱ°烫伤后的修复作用。方法:将脱毛后的家兔以红外线照射方法复制成深Ⅱ°烫伤模型,以相同药物相同剂量不同剂型的复方烫伤凝胶剂、复方烫伤软膏剂、复方烫伤膜剂为实验组,以湿润烫伤膏为阳性对照组,以生理盐水为空白对照组,处理烫伤模型家兔一定时间后,观察烫伤皮肤创面收缩情况,计算创面收缩直径平均值。结果:3个实验组与湿润烫伤膏阳性对照组烫伤面均无感染,愈合面光滑平整,但3个实验组与湿润烫伤膏阳性对照组愈合时间不同,其中以凝胶剂愈合效果最好,烫伤面无感染,愈合面光滑平整,创面收缩直径较其它组显著减小(P<0.05)。结论:复方烫伤凝胶剂对模型家兔皮肤深Ⅱ°烫伤的修复作用效果显著。     

复方环丙沙星烧伤凝胶对实验性创面愈合作用的影响

目的:观察复方环丙沙星烧伤凝胶对动物实验性烫伤创面愈合的影响.方法:通过对创面羟脯氨酸的测定及分别对家兔、豚鼠Ⅱ°Ⅲ°烫伤模型的愈合时间进行观察研究.结果:复方环丙沙星烧伤凝胶外涂对家兔、小鼠、豚鼠烧伤创面的愈合有显著促进作用.结论:复方环丙沙星烧伤凝胶能显著缩短家兔、豚鼠烫伤创面的愈合时间.     

重组人表皮生长因子不同外用剂型用于创伤治疗的实验研究

目的：考察重组人表皮生长因子(rhEGF）不同外用剂型用于创伤治疗时的疗效。方法：制备rhEGF的水溶液剂、凝胶剂和乳膏剂，采用大鼠皮肤急性创伤模型和大鼠皮肤烫伤模型评估了不同剂对创伤修复的效果。结果：采用rhEGF治疗对两种动物模型的正常生长没有影响；rhEGF可以显缩短急性创伤模型的终点愈合时间（P＜0．05），但对烫伤模型的终点愈合时间没有显影响（平均缩短1．2天，P＞0．05）；rhEGF可以明显提高烫伤模型愈合创面的质量；rhEGF不同外用剂型对两种动物模型的治疗效果没有显性差异（P＞0．05）。结论：rhEGF可以有效促进动物的创面愈合，而剂型对疗效影响不大。     

冬虫夏草多糖凝胶剂的制备及其对家兔深Ⅱ°烫伤的疗效

目的:制备不同浓度冬虫夏草多糖凝胶剂并考察其对深Ⅱ°烫伤的治愈效果.方法:将脱毛后的家兔以红外灯照射方法制成深Ⅱ°烫伤动物模型,以自提的冬虫夏草多糖制备的凝胶剂为实验组,以湿润烫伤膏(美宝)为阳性对照组处理烫伤动物模型,在不同时间点观察烫伤创面收缩情况,计算创面直径平均值.结果:家兔皮肤烫伤模型涂抹湿润烫伤膏(美宝)与1%,5%冬虫夏草多糖凝胶剂,烫伤创面无感染,愈合面光滑平整;但创面收缩直径比较结果为5%冬虫夏草多糖凝胶剂实验组较湿润烫伤膏(美宝)及不含药的甘油明胶基质空白对照组显著减小,差异具有显著性(P<0.05).结论:1%,5%冬虫夏草多糖凝胶剂与湿润烫伤膏(美宝)组对家兔皮肤烫伤模型均有明显修复作用,但5%冬虫夏草多糖凝胶剂对家兔皮肤烫伤模型的修复作用较好.     

芩柏复方烫伤膏对大鼠实验性烫伤模型的保护作用

目的:研究芩柏复方烫伤膏对大鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤模型烫伤创面的保护作用。方法:SD大鼠100只,建立大鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤模型,随机分为5组:模型对照组,芩柏复方烫伤膏组(0.4,0.2,0.1 g浸膏/g生药),湿润烧伤膏组(0.32 g浸膏/g生药),创面外用药物,每天一次,连续21 d。在伤后不同时间点取材,测定药物对烫伤创面的结痂面积和脱痂愈合时间、病理组织学和微血管密度(MVD)的影响;测定药物对烫伤大鼠血清丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的影响。结果:芩柏复方烫伤膏(0.4,0.2,0.1 g浸膏/g生药)在不同时相点可不同程度地减少大鼠烫伤创面结痂面积,明显缩短脱痂愈合时间;改善烫伤创面病理组织学变化;升高烫伤创面MVD含量;降低烫伤大鼠血清升高的MDA含量,升高SOD水平。结论:芩柏复方烫伤膏对大鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤具有良好的保护作用,能明显促进大鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤创面愈合,改善创面病理组织学的变化,其机制可能与促进创面微血管生成,降低烫伤大鼠血清MDA含量,提高SOD活力,抗脂质过氧化等有关。     

rh-aFGF卡波姆940凝胶对1型糖尿病大鼠皮肤创伤的修复作用

目的研究重组人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子(recombinant human acidic fibroblast growth factor,rh-aFGF)卡波姆940凝胶对糖尿病大鼠皮肤创伤修复作用。方法使用STZ诱导产生SD大鼠糖尿病模型,建立全层皮肤切除和烫伤两种皮肤创伤模型,设置对照组、赋形剂组、90 AU rh-aFGF凝胶组和270 AU rh-aFGF凝胶组4个实验组。用创伤面积和愈合速率评价各组疗效;HE染色观察创面中成纤维细胞、肌成纤维细胞、胶原纤维和毛细血管生长情况;半定量评分评价rh-aFGF诱导的上述指标生长情况。结果 rh-aFGF卡波姆940凝胶明显减少糖尿病SD大鼠全层皮肤切除和烫伤模型的皮肤损伤面积(P<0.05),促进其创伤愈合速率(P<0.05)。HE染色结果表明,rh-aFGF卡波姆凝胶明显促进成纤维细胞和胶原纤维增殖评分(P<0.05)。结论 rh-aFGF卡波姆凝胶可能在一定程度上保护创面微环境和保护rhaFGF发挥生物学活性,促进成纤维细胞增殖和胶原纤维沉积,从而促进糖尿病SD大鼠皮肤创伤愈合过程,有望成为一种治疗糖尿病溃疡的新制剂。     

库拉索芦荟冻干粉对家兔皮肤创面的愈合作用

目的 观察库拉索芦荟冻干粉对家兔皮肤创面愈合的作用.方法 建立家兔背部皮肤创伤模型,采用自身平行对照的方法,将16只家兔背部的64个创面分成库拉索芦荟治疗组、重组人表皮生长因子(rhEGF)对照组、云南白药对照组和生理盐水对照组,观察伤后不同时间创面的形态和组织学改变、创面的愈合时间和愈合率.结果 经库拉索芦荟治疗后的家兔创面上皮化率、创面新生上皮面积较生理盐水组及云南白药组明显升高(P＜0.05).结论 给予家兔创面库拉索芦荟治疗后可明显缩短愈合时间、提高创面上皮化率、加快肉芽组织的增生、明显促进皮肤创面的修复,其作用优于云南白药,与rhEGF促进皮肤创面愈合的作用相当.     

紫冰霜治疗动物烫伤及其促进创伤愈合作用

目的:考察紫冰霜对小鼠实验性烫伤的治疗作用和对皮肤创面愈合的促进作用。方法:建立小鼠背部Ⅱ度烫伤模型,观察紫冰霜对烫伤的治疗效果;建立小鼠背部双侧圆形创伤模型,观察紫冰霜对创伤创面愈合时间的影响。结果:在小鼠Ⅱ度烫伤模型中,与模型组比较,紫冰霜组可明显缩短愈合时间、减小烫伤面积(P<0.01)。在小鼠创伤实验中,在创伤后5～15d,紫冰霜组小鼠创面愈合面积明显高于自身对照和模型组(P<0.01)。结论:紫冰霜具有治疗实验动物烫伤和促进创伤创面愈合的作用。     

切口皮肤金葡菌耐药性及术后感染情况调查分析

目的调查术前患者切口皮肤定植金葡菌（SA）的耐药性及术后感染情况,为临床合理用药及感染控制管理提供依据.方法术前对患者切口处皮肤取样、培养、鉴定并统计术后感染情况.结果术前培养出2株金葡菌,均对大多数抗菌药物敏感性较好,术后切口感染以革兰阴性菌为主.结论皮肤定植的金葡菌耐药率低,应加强医院感染控制管理以减少术后感染几率.     

光甘草定醇质体与立方液晶纳米粒皮肤滞留量比较及抗豚鼠皮肤光老化作用观察

目的 制备光甘草定醇质体与立方液晶纳米粒,通过测定2种纳米制剂在离体豚鼠皮肤中的滞留量优选出适合光老化经皮给药的制剂。建立光老化模型,通过观察优选制剂对豚鼠光老化模型的治疗效果来评价药物的疗效。方法 采用注入法制备光甘草定醇质体,高压均质法制备光甘草定立方液晶纳米粒,利用Franz扩散装置考察光甘草定醇质体、立方液晶纳米粒凝胶离体鼠皮中的滞留量,优选出光甘草定经皮给药治疗光老化的纳米制剂。紫外线照射背部剃毛豚鼠建立皮肤光老化模型。雌性豚鼠随机分为模型组、基质（给予空白凝胶0.5 g/只）组、维甲酸（阳性对照,0.5 g/只）组和甘草定立方液晶纳米粒凝胶高、低剂量（0.50、0.25 g/只）组,治疗2周后,通过肉眼观察、HE染色、Masson染色等评价其治疗效果,用水份测定仪观察其对豚鼠皮肤含水量的影响。结果 2种纳米制剂凝胶的鼠皮滞留量最高者为光甘草定立方液晶纳米粒凝胶。豚鼠皮肤光老化模型建立成功,HE染色、Masson染色等结果表明光甘草定立方液晶纳米粒对光老化有明显的治疗效果,使光老化皮肤的含水量显著升高（P<0.05）。结论 光甘草定立方液晶纳米粒在离体鼠皮中的滞留较高,对豚鼠皮肤光老化模型治疗效果显著,为光甘草定的临床应用提供了新的方法与思路。     

Targeting of liposome-associated calcipotriol to the skin: effect of liposomal membrane fluidity and skin barrier integrity

Many dermal diseases like psoriasis are characterized by major changes in skin barrier function, which challenge the reproducible delivery of drugs into specific layers of diseased skin. The purpose of this study was to elucidate how liposomal bilayer fluidity and barrier integrity affected the delivery of liposome-associated calcipotriol to the skin. Calcipotriol-containing gel state and liquid state dipalmitoylphosphatidyl-choline:dilauroylphosphatidylcholine liposomes were prepared by extrusion. Using Langmuir monolayers, calcipotriol was shown to affect the packing of the lipid membrane. The penetration of radioactively labeled lipid and calcipotriol into pig skin was examined using the Franz diffusion cell model, and tape stripping was applied to impose an impaired barrier. Distorting the skin barrier resulted in an enhanced penetration of lipid from both gel and liquid state liposomes. In addition, increased penetration of lipid from liquid state liposomes was observed compared to gel state liposomes into barrier-impaired skin. For barrier-impaired skin, an elevated calcipotriol-to-lipid ratio was found in the receptor fluid for both liposome compositions indicating that calcipotriol is released from the vesicles. This suggests that the liposome-mediated delivery of calcipotriol to the epidermis of diseased skin is affected by the fluidity of the liposomal membrane.     

Novel Beads Made of Alpha-cyclodextrin and Oil for Topical Delivery of a Lipophilic Drug

Purpose To investigate the potential of a novel lipid carrier, comprising beads of alpha-cyclodextrin and soybean oil, for topical drug delivery. Adapalene was chosen as a model drug to explore the ability of the beads to encapsulate and release a highly lipophilic compound. Materials and Methods Adapalene-loaded beads were prepared and characterised. Skin tolerance to unloaded beads was tested on human volunteers, while drug release and delivery into stratum corneum, was evaluated in pig skin ex vivo. Results The preparation and physical characteristics of the beads were not dependent on whether adapalene had been previously dissolved or dispersed in soybean oil. Drug encapsulation efficiency was high (>96%) and drug loading on the order of a therapeutic level could be achieved in freeze-dried beads prepared from an oily dispersion of adapalene. After application to human skin, unloaded beads induced no adverse reaction and were better tolerated than an alcoholic gel. Tape-stripping the stratum corneum from treated pig skin showed that adapalene release and penetration from the beads was comparable to that from gel and cream formulations available on the market. Conclusion These novel beads may offer a well-tolerated and efficient system for the encapsulation and topical delivery of lipophilic drugs.     

广地龙凝胶剂治疗烫伤的药效学研究

目的探讨广地龙凝胶剂治疗小鼠皮肤深Ⅱ度烫伤的效果。方法以卡泊姆．940为基质制备广地龙凝胶荆,采用小鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤模型。以创面愈合率、含水量、羟脯氨酸含量作为指标,评价广地龙无糖凝胶、广地龙含糖凝胶的疗效。结果广地龙含糖凝胶能够促进烫伤小鼠皮肤愈合。减轻小鼠烫伤组织水肿程度。结论广地龙凝胶剂具有促进小鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤创面愈合的作用。     

微波照射预防阑尾炎术后患儿切口感染20例临床观察

目的研究微波照射预防阑尾炎术后切口感染的临床效果。方法采用回顾性分析的方法,分析了2013年8月3日至2013年11月31日间收治的40例行阑尾炎手术患儿的临床资料,根据术后处理方法不同,将患儿随机分为对照组和治疗组各20例,其中对照组行常规术后处理,治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上实施微波照射,观察分析2组患儿术后切12发生感染的情况、切口愈合的平均时间及治疗情况。结果治疗组总有效率100．0％,对照组为75．0％,2组比较差异有统计意义（P〈0．05）。治疗组切口平均愈合时间为（15．24±2．34）h,患儿感觉良好,切口周围有温热感,止痛、消肿、消炎效果明显,未发生烫伤,无切口感染等并发症发生;对照组切口平均愈合时间为（21．33±2．58）h,有4例（20．0％）患儿出现切口感染,经积极治疗后,症状得以缓解。2组平均愈合时间及切口感染率比较,差异有统计意义（P〈0．05）。结论微波照射可以有效预防阑尾炎术后切口感染,具有良好的临床疗效,值得在临床上推广应用;在微波照射治疗过程中需加强护理,防止烫伤。     

Antimicrobial and antifungal activities of a novel cationic antimicrobial peptide, omiganan, in experimental skin colonisation models

Omiganan pentahydrochloride is a novel, synthetic, cationic, antimicrobial peptide that is being developed for the prevention of catheter-related infections and the treatment of acne and rosacea. In this study, the efficacy of topical omiganan gel was evaluated in two skin colonisation models (ex vivo pig skin and in vivo guinea pig skin). When tested in the ex vivo pig skin colonisation model, omiganan 0.1–2% gels exhibited potent dose-dependent activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and yeasts; the maximum effect was observed at 1–2%. No significant difference was noted in activity toward meticillin-resistant and meticillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, and drug activity was not affected by the inoculum size. The antimicrobial activity of omiganan 1% gel was rapid, with a 2.7 log₁₀ colony-forming unit (CFU)/site reduction in Staphylococcus epidermidis counts at 1 h post application and a 5.2 log₁₀ CFU/site reduction at 24 h. Additional studies in the guinea pig skin colonisation model confirmed the potent antimicrobial and antifungal activities of omiganan 1% gel. In conclusion, omiganan gels have been demonstrated to be rapidly bactericidal and fungicidal, with significant dose-dependent activity against a broad spectrum of infectious organisms. These results further confirm that the drug has the potential as a topical antimicrobial agent.     

Microparticles of Aloe vera/vitamin E/chitosan: Microscopic,a nuclear imaging and an in vivo test analysis for burn treatment

The use of drug-loaded nanoparticles and microparticles has been increasing, especially for cosmetic and drug delivery purposes. In this work, a new microparticle formulation was developed for use in the healing process of skin burns in a composition of Aloe vera/vitamin E/chitosan. In order to observe the morphological properties, Raman and atomic force microscopy evaluation were performed. The biodistribution studies were analyzed by using a nuclear methodology, labeling the microparticles with Technetium-99m and in vivo test was procedure to analyzed the cicatrization process. The results of AFM analysis show the formation and the adherence property of the microparticles. Raman analyses show the distribution of each component in the microparticle. The nuclear method used shows that the biodistribution of the microparticles remained in the skin. The in vivo cicatrization test showed that the poloxamer gel containing the microparticles make a better cicatrization in relation to the other formulations tested.     

猪不同部位皮肤与人体皮肤对药物渗透性的比较

以苯甲酸、水杨酸、甲硝唑为模型药物，对猪耳和猪腹部皮肤进行体外药物渗透实验，在相同条件下与正常人体皮肤进行了渗透性差别的比较研究。结果表明：猪耳和猪腹部皮肤与人体皮肤对药物渗透性具有相似性，特别是猪耳皮肤对药物体外透皮实验是个有价值的动物模型。