云南大红山铜矿区成年居民铜、铁、锌血清水平和膳食摄入量

目的 了解云南大红山铜矿成年居民铜、铁、锌的血清水平和膳食摄入量.方法 在大红山矿区随机抽取180名成年居民,采用原子吸收分光光度法检测血清铜、铁、锌水平.从180人中随机抽取60人,采刚化学分析法调查膳食铜、铁、锌摄入量.结果 171人的血清铜、铁、锌水平分别为（0.90±0.18）、（1.25±0.93）、（0.75±0.28）mg/L,血清铜和铁呈显著负相关（r=-0.26,P＜0.001）.血清铜与年龄呈显著正相关（r=0.25,P＜0.001）,女性血清铜水平明显高于男性（P=0.011）.60人的膳食铜、铁、锌摄入量分别为（1.74±1.09）、（16.29±10.73）、（7.56±3.38）mg/d,女性均明显低于男性（P＜0.05）.血清铜、铁、锌水平和膳食摄入量均存在地区差异.结论 云南大红山矿区成年居民血清铜、铁水平均正常,血清锌水平偏低.铜、铁、锌的膳食摄入量均未超过可耐受最高摄人量,且部分人摄入量偏低.     

感染时微量元素铁、锌、铜和硒在血液和内脏的代谢改变及其临床意义

感染的急性期反应伴随微量元素铁、锌、银和硒在血清和内脏中的动态变化。这些变化可能参与被称为“营养性免疫”的防御性反应。     

脓毒症病人血清微量元素改变与预后的关系

目的：研究微量元素铜、铁、锌硒在脓毒症疾病过程中的变化，探讨这些变化与疾病的严重度和预后的关系。 方法：选择３０例脓毒症病人作为治疗组，另选３０例健康人作为对照组。在脓毒症病人发病的第１、４、７、１４天测定血清铜、铁、锌、硒水平，同时评估脓毒症病人的ＡＰＡＣＨＥⅡ评分。血清铜、铁、锌的检测采用原子吸收光谱火焰法，血清硒的检测采用原子吸收光谱氢化物发生法。 结果：①脓毒症病人血清铜水平明显升高，存活     

Modification of a selenium toxicity in chicks by dietary silver and copper.

Studies were conducted to determine the effects of high levels of dietary silver nitrate and copper sulfate on the response of chicks to toxic levels of dietary selenium. Adding 5 ppm or more selenium to a basal stock diet significantly reduced growth rate, and 40 ppm or high significantly increased mortality during the 2-week experiments. Deitary silver or copper (1,000 ppm) counteracted the growth depression and prevented mortality at the higher levels of selenium. Hepatic selenium reached a maxiumum in chicks fed the basal diet with 10 ppm dietary selenium. Hepatic selenium of chicks fed silver was less than that of the control chicks when diets containing 10 ppm or less selenium were fed. Adding copper to the diet resulted in considerable accumulation of selenium in the liver, which was evident even at the lower levels of added selenium. Rseults of an experiment to determine the effects of deitray silver and copper on the distribution of 75-Se administered either orally or in tramusculary showed that silver interfered with absorption of selenium. The results of these experiments suggest that silver modifies selenium toxity both by interfering with selenium absorption and by causing the accumulation of a nondeleterious selenium compound in the tissues. Copper modifies selenium toxicity primarily by causing the accumulation of a nondeleterious compound in the tissues.     

碳纳米管修饰安培检测离子色谱电化学法测定饮料中的抗坏血酸

目的:用离子色谱电化学修饰方法测定饮料中的抗坏血酸,为建立这种测定灵敏度大大提高的分析测试方法提供依据。方法:采用Dionex AG9-HC(2 mm×50 mm) Dionex AS9-HC(2 mm×250 mm)分离,流动相为9 mmol/L碳酸钠水溶液,流速0.25 ml/min,碳纳米管修饰电极、直流安培检测。结果:该方法的线性范围是0.2~10.0 mg/L;修饰前,抗坏血酸的检出限为0.0005 mg/L,修饰后,抗坏血酸的检出限为0.00001 mg/L,方法回收率为85%~103%。结论:该方法具有选择性好,灵敏度高等优点,用于抗坏血酸的检测,结果令人满意。     

Iron, zinc, copper and phytate content of standardized Nigerian dishes

Representative samples of 20 standardized Nigerian dishes were analyzed for Iron, Copper and Zinc using the automated method of flame atomic absorption spectrophotoscopy (AAS) and for phytate using a colorimetric method. Iron contents ranged from 2.28 mg/100 g for cowpeas and yam pottage to 22.10 mg/100 g for Apapafufu with tuwon shinkafa. The zinc contents ranged from 0.43 mg/100 g for stewed beans and fried plantain to 4.20 mg/100 g for Eberipo. Copper contents ranged from 0.38 mg/100 g for Ikokore to 1.88 mg/100 g for Amala and Alapa with ewedu stew. Phytate contents expressed on a dry weight basis ranged from 0.6 mg/100 g in Burabisko to 6.40 mg/100 g in melon seed and vegetable soup. The phytate: zinc molar ratios calculated for all dishes analyzed ranged from 0 in Burabisko to 1.4 for stewed beans and fried plantain.     

颅内肿瘤组织中微量元素锌和铜含量研究

目的 :探讨微量元素锌和铜与颅内肿瘤生物活性的关系。方法 :应用原子吸收分光光度计测定 61例颅内肿瘤组织中微量元素锌和铜的含量与对照组 32例正常脑组织微量元素锌和铜的含量比较。结果 :锌的含量平均值是恶性肿瘤组织 (94.90± 1 8.39μg/ g) >良性肿瘤组织(83.30± 2 0 .52 μg/ g) >正常脑组织 (51 .44± 1 3.6μg/ g) ;铜的含量平均值是恶性肿瘤组织(2 8.76± 1 1 .65μg/ g) >良性肿瘤组织 (1 8.2 5± 7.1 3μg/ g) >正常脑组织 (1 1 .2 5± 5.1 9μg/g)。结论 :微量元素锌和铜与颅内肿瘤的恶性程度有关 ,铜的缺乏可能是导致肿瘤卒中的原因 ,缺铜可抑制颅内肿瘤的生长。     

婴幼儿低发锌、铜、铁、钙状况的回顾性分析

目的:探讨婴幼儿低发锌、铜、铁、钙的发生情况及与某些疾病的关系。方法:用原子吸收光谱法测定4776例婴幼儿头发的锌、铜、铁、钙含量。结果:婴幼儿头发中锌、铜、铁、钙降低者分别占总数的17.71%、9.95%、10.22%和12.46%;在低发锌婴幼儿中,反复呼吸道感染、食欲不振和异食癖的患病率分别为71.16%、57.57%和11.47%,患低发铜和低发铁的婴幼儿中贫血率分别为15.79%和73.16%,反复呼吸道感染的患病率分别为9.43%和35.66%,低发钙者中佝偻病的发病率为81.51%。结论:婴幼儿中低发锌率较高(17.71%),低发铜、铁、钙率在10%左右;头发中锌、铜、铁、钙含量降低分别与反复呼吸道感染、食欲不振及异食癖、贫血、佝偻病等关系较密切。     

Blood zinc, copper, insulin and glucose levels in carbohydrate-sensitive and normal men given a sucrose or invert sugar tolerance test

Twelve carbohydrate-sensitive and 12 non-carbohydrate sensitive (normal) men were studied. Carbohydrate sensitivity was identified by hyperinsulinemic and normoglycemic responses to a sucrose load. In a blocked split-plot design, fasted subjects were given 2 g/kg body weight of sucrose or invert sugar, and responses of plasma zinc, copper, insulin, and glucose were determined. Erythrocyte zinc and copper also were measured. Blood samples were taken 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 hours after the sugar loads were given. Plasma zinc, copper, insulin, and glucose did not differ significantly between the two sugar loads. Neither did erythrocyte zinc and copper differ significantly between the two load doses. Also, plasma zinc, copper, and glucose, as well as erythrocyte zinc and copper, did not differ significantly between the carbohydrate-sensitive and normal men. Plasma insulin was significantly higher in the carbohydrate-sensitive than the normal men. Plasma zinc did not change significantly between sampling times. Plasma copper declined progressively over the testing period. The greater the elevation of plasma glucose above the fasting level, the greater the plasma copper was depressed. Copper appears to be withdrawn from plasma after sugar loading to facilitate glucose uptake and metabolism.     

孕妇锌 铜 钙 磷营养状况对新生儿的影响

目的 :观察孕妇锌、铜、钙、磷营养状况对新生儿的影响。方法 :测定未孕妇女及孕妇血清和新生儿脐血锌、铜、钙、磷水平 ,并对孕妇进行膳食调查。结果 :孕期血清锌有下降趋势 ,血清铜、磷显著升高 ,脐血锌、钙高于母血水平 ,铜、磷低于母血水平 ;孕晚期锌与新生儿出生体重呈正相关 ;孕妇膳食中锌、钙摄入量不足。结论 :孕妇锌、铜、钙、磷营养状况对新生儿有一定的影响     

辽宁省一般人群全血中铜和锌水平分布的研究

目的了解辽宁省一般人群血中铜、锌水平的分布,并分析其分布特点。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法,于2009—2010年在辽宁省东、中、西部3个城市的区县中,抽取了2 105名6~60岁人群作为调查对象,进行问卷调查及血液样品采集。应用电感耦合等离子体质谱法检测样品中铜、锌水平,分析探讨在不同性别、年龄、地区以及生活方式中铜、锌水平分布情况。结果调查对象血铜几何均数为783μg/L,95%CI为775~791μg/L,P5、P50和P95分别为555、785和1 059μg/L。男性血铜几何均数(778μg/L)低于女性(788μg/L)(P0.01)。不同年龄组人群血铜几何均数差异有统计学意义(P0.01),其中6~12岁年龄组血铜最高(为853μg/L),13~16岁年龄组血铜最低(为649μg/L);辽宁省东、中、西部地区人群血铜几何均数分别为706、852和837μg/L,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);在吸烟与饮酒特征中人群血铜几何均数差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。调查对象血锌几何均数为4 158μg/L,95%CI为4 115~4 201μg/L,P5、P50和P95分别为2 657、4 243和5 931μg/L。男性血锌几何均数(4 258μg/L)显著高于女性(4 058μg/L)(P0.01);不同年龄组人群血锌几何均数差异具有统计学意义(P0.01),其中,6~12岁年龄组血锌最低(为3 574μg/L),31~45岁年龄组血锌最高(为4 593μg/L);辽宁省东、中、西部地区人群血锌几何均数分别为4 315、3 811和4 286μg/L,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);吸烟和饮酒人群血锌高于不吸烟、不饮酒人群,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。辽宁省一般人群血铜几何均数(783μg/L)低于全国一般人群血铜(795μg/L)(P0.01)。辽宁省一般人群血锌几何均数(4 158μg/L)高于全国一般人群血锌(3 996μg/L)(P0.01)。结论辽宁省一般人群血液中铜、锌水平在不同性别、年龄、区域特征中均存在差异。辽宁省一般人群血铜水平显著低于全国一般人群,而辽宁省血锌水平显著高于全国一般人群水平。     

均匀试验设计优化试验条件的研究-应用于分光光度法测定抗坏血酸

[目的]应用均匀试验的设计方法优化试验条件的研究。[方法]应用均匀试验设计方法对磺基水杨酸分光光度法测定抗坏血酸的试验条件的优化选择进行了研究。[结果]均匀试验设计所优选的试验条件下测定的实验结果优于正交试验设计所得的实验结果。[结论]均匀试验设计适用于多因素，多水平的化学实验的研究。     

Selenium,zinc and copper in the Polish diet

The aim of the study was to assess daily dietary intakes of selenium (Se), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) in a representative group of Polish individuals using analytical and calculation method, and to determine the contents of Zn and Cu in different foodstuffs available on the Polish market, in order to complete our previous data on Se content in Polish food. Daily intakes of the microelements were assessed analytically in 469 daily food rations, 439 of which were collected from various public canteens and 30 by duplicate portion method from private individuals. Calculated daily intakes were obtained by analysing 157 diet recalls and by the use of our previous and current data on Se, Zn and Cu contents in food, including 235 different food products. Mean intakes in different groups, as shown analytically, ranged from 20 to 59 μg/day for Se, 3.2 to 13.5 mg/day for Zn and from 0.4 to 2.2 mg/day for Cu. Mean daily intakes calculated from 24-h diet recalls were lower than the majority of the mean values obtained analytically and amounted to 30 ± 11 μg for Se, 5.3 ± 1.8 mg for Zn and 0.8 ± 0.3 mg for Cu. Mean concentrations of Zn and Cu in food varied from 0.4 to 17.4 μg/g and from 0.3 to 7.2 μg/g, respectively.     

Urinary ascorbic acid excretion in the human as affected by dietary fiber and zinc

The objective of the project was to study the effect of dietary pectin, cellulose, hemicellulose, and zinc on human urinary excretion of ascorbic acid. The project consisted of two 33-day controlled feeding studies involving a total of 19 adult men and women normal health. Within each study all subjects received all experimental treatments. In study A during the four 7-day experimental periods the ground peanut based diets were varied as follows: no supplement, 14.2 g of hemicellulose supplement, 14.2 g of cellulose supplement, or 14.2 g of pectin supplement per subject per day. Mean urinary excretion of ascorbic acid by subjects while receiving these supplements were 26.10, 32.27, 26.27, or 20.60 mg/day, respectively. In study B during the four 7-day randomly arranged experimental periods, the following alterations were made to the basal diet: supplement of 14.2 g of pectin plus 1.3 g of zinc, 14.2 g of pectin plus 9.3 g of zinc, 4.2 g pectin plus 1.3 g of zinc, and 4.2 g of pectin plus 9.3 g of zinc. Mean urinary ascorbic acid excretion of subjects while receiving these diets were as follows: 20.61, 23.18, 28.07, 18.99. Hemicellulose supplement enhanced urinary excretion of ascorbic acid while pectin and zinc resulted in decreased urinary excretion of this vitamin. Increased urinary excretion of ascorbic acid at constant intake levels is thought usually to be indicative of enhanced absorption or of decreased need.     

Protection of ascorbic acid from copper(II)-catalyzed oxidative degradation in the presence of flavonoids: quercetin,catechin and morin

Protection of ascorbic acid (AA) (vitamin C) from Cu(II)-catalyzed autoxidation is an important aspect of antioxidant chemistry. The autoxidation of AA in the absence and presence of Cu(II) ions was investigated in aerated solution at room temperature and I = 0.1 ionic strength (KNO₃); the effects of three different flavonoids of similar structure (quercetin, morin and catechin) and their mixtures on the AA system were studied. The concentration of unoxidized AA remaining in solution was measured with the modified cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity spectrophotometric method. The Cu(II)-catalyzed oxidation at pH 4.5 followed first-order kinetics with respect to AA concentration. Catalytic autoxidation of AA was inhibited to a greater extent by stable quercetin and morin complexes of Cu(II) than by catechin complex. The inhibitive effectiveness order of mixtures gives information about possible synergistic or antagonistic combinations of flavonoid antioxidants, which should be further confirmed with other antioxidant tests.     

Interaction of dietary carbohydrate, ascorbic acid and copper with the development of copper deficiency in rats

The effects of dietary carbohydrate and ascorbic acid on the development of copper deficiency were investigated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 48) were fed one of eight diets in a 2 X 2 X 2 factorial design for 21 d. These diets varied in copper (1.11 or 8.96 micrograms Cu/g diet), carbohydrate (sucrose or cornstarch, 62.3%) and ascorbic acid (0 or 1%). Compared to controls, copper-deficient rats had lower hematocrit and ceruloplasmin levels, lower levels of copper and iron in several tissues, higher heart weights and lower spleen weights. During copper deficiency, liver iron levels were higher than control levels when cornstarch, but not sucrose, was the carbohydrate source, while liver and gastrointestinal tract weights were higher with sucrose compared to cornstarch. Copper-deficient rats fed ascorbic acid had significantly (P less than 0.05) lower hematocrits when fed sucrose compared to starch [29.6 +/- 1.2 vs. 36.8 +/- 1.2 g/dl (mean +/- SEM), respectively]. In copper-deficient rats, sucrose tended to lower the apparent absorption of copper compared to cornstarch, while ascorbic acid reduced the apparent absorption of iron. Thus, sucrose and ascorbic acid appeared to reduce hematocrit levels through effects on mineral absorption.     

Experimental bases for ascorbic acid therapy of poisoning by hexavalent chromium compounds

Summary The most frequent outcome of the usually transdermal absorption of hexavalent chromium compounds is uraemia due to tubular necrosis. We have confirmed earlier observations that this can be prevented by the immediate application of ascorbic acid (AA) with the aim of reducing Cr(VI) to Cr(III). The spontaneous reducing capacity of samples of serum and plasma for Cr(VI) compounds was polarographically determined to be about 2 ppm. Addition of AA in doses of 50 to 1000 ppm led to a rapid and dose-dependent reduction of chromium(VI), which was studied on the concentration level of 5 ppm. For example in the presence of 1000 ppm AA, five ppm chromium(VI) fade to 0.7 ppm within 20 min and to undetectable concentrations after 40 min. These experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of AA for the treatment of Cr(VI) poisoning. Reduction is increased and accelerated by AA and the resulting Cr(III)-protein complexes are non-toxic and can be excreted with the urine. Early and repeated high i.v. doses of AA are recommended as the therapy of choice for Cr(VI) poisoning. In cases of delayed medical treatment, AA should be immediately applied orally.