枸杞多糖联合氟尿嘧啶对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能影响的实验研究

目的探讨枸杞多糖单独应用及与氟尿嘧啶联合应用于荷S180小鼠的抗肿瘤机制。方法小鼠右前侧腋窝接种S180肿瘤细胞,制造荷瘤小鼠模型。实验分为生理盐水组、氟尿嘧啶组、枸杞多糖高、中、低剂量组以及枸杞多糖加氟尿嘧啶组。实验结束后,检测各干预组脾指数、瘤重、肿瘤抑制率,MTT法检测淋巴细胞增殖反应、LDH检测NK细胞毒作用及中性红实验评估巨噬细胞吞噬能力,Griess法检测NO浓度,ELISA法测定TNF-α水平。结果枸杞多糖抑制荷S180小鼠肿瘤生长,刺激脾细胞增殖反应,提高NK细胞细胞毒效应以及巨噬细胞吞噬能力,刺激巨噬细胞NO分泌量,提高血清TNF-α水平。与氟尿嘧啶联合应用降低了氟尿嘧啶导致的免疫系统损伤。结论枸杞多糖可能是化疗药物的有效辅助药物。     

珠蚌多糖对实验性移植肿瘤及NK细胞活性的作用

目的研究珠蚌多糖对实验性移植小鼠肿瘤以及对自然杀伤细胞（NK细胞）活性的影响。方法采用两种小鼠移植性肿瘤模型，观察珠蚌多糖对在体肿瘤细胞生长的影响；通过脾淋巴细胞与K562肿瘤细胞的共培养，体外检测NK细胞的活性。结果珠蚌多糖200，100mg·kg^-1对小鼠S180肉瘤的抑制率分别达到49．4％和47．1％，对C57BL／6小鼠B16BL6黑色素瘤的抑瘤率分别为39．1％和34．2％；显著提高S180肉瘤小鼠免疫脏器胸腺指数、脾指数；体外10，100μg·mL^-1珠蚌多糖可增强NK细胞对K562细胞的抑制活性。结论珠蚌多糖对实验移植性小鼠肿瘤生长有明显的抑制作用，体外一定剂量范围内可诱导NK细胞活性。     

榄香烯哌嗪对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的研究榄香烯哌嗪的抗肿瘤作用及其对免疫功能的影响。方法采用小鼠S180肉瘤移植性肿瘤动物模型,以抑瘤率为指标考察榄香烯哌嗪的体内抗肿瘤活性。并用四氮唑盐(MTT)法对荷瘤小鼠进行脾淋巴细胞增殖能力和自然杀伤(NK)细胞活性测定,考察其对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响。结果榄香烯哌嗪对小鼠肉瘤S180的生长有明显的抑制作用(P<0.01),502、5 mg.kg-1剂量组抑瘤率分别为48.74%和37.60%。榄香烯哌嗪各种剂量对荷瘤小鼠的胸腺指数和脾指数无明显影响,但榄香烯哌嗪剂量为502、5 mg.kg-1可显著提高荷瘤小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖能力,对荷瘤小鼠NK细胞活性也有明显的提高作用。结论榄香烯哌嗪具有一定的抗肿瘤作用,其抗肿瘤作用可能与激活体内免疫系统有关。     

苦瓜多糖抗肿瘤及免疫增强活性的研究

目的：研究苦瓜多糖的体内抗肿瘤及增强免疫作用,探讨可能作用机制。方法：通过建立小鼠S180肉瘤、H22肝癌肿瘤模型观察苦瓜多糖的抗肿瘤作用．此外应用MTT法观察苦瓜多糖对小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖作用的影响．应用比色法观察苦瓜多糖对小鼠单核巨噬细胞RAW264．7吞噬功能的影响．运用Gfiess试剂检测苦瓜多糖促进小鼠单核巨噬细胞RAW264．7分泌No含量的变化。结果：苦瓜多糖高中低剂量组能明显抑制小鼠S180肉瘤、H22肝癌肿瘤的生长,同时能明显增加荷瘤小鼠的脾腺指数和胸腺指数。此外苦瓜多糖能显著刺激小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖．明显提高小鼠单核巨噬细胞RAW264．7吞噬中性红的能力,明显促进小鼠单核巨噬细胞RAW264．7分泌No。结论：推测苦瓜多糖具有较强的免疫增强活性并可能通过刺激淋巴细胞、并增强巨噬细胞的活化来调节机体的免疫功能．从而抑制肿瘤细胞的生长。     

灵芝多糖锗的抗肿瘤及免疫增强作用研究

目的 :研究灵芝多糖锗对实验性肉瘤和腹腔巨噬细胞活性的影响。方法 :利用接种肉瘤S180 腹水型诱导的小鼠肿瘤模型 ,检测对S180 肉瘤的抑制率 ;利用酸性磷酸酶测定法 ,检测对荷瘤小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞活性的影响。结果 :灵芝多糖锗可抑制小鼠S180 肉瘤的生长 ,能增强荷瘤小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的活性。结论 :灵芝多糖锗具有抗肿瘤及免疫增强活性。     

何首乌蒽醌苷类化合物抗肿瘤作用研究

目的:探讨何首乌蒽醌苷类化合物(AGPMT)的抗肿瘤作用及对化疗药物环磷酰胺(CTX)的减毒增效作用,并从免疫学角度初步探讨其作用机制.方法:建立小鼠整体前胃癌(MFC)和肉瘤(S180)移植性肿瘤模型,研究AGPMT的抗肿瘤作用及其对CTX的减毒增效作用,MTT法检测肿瘤细胞的死亡率,XTY法测定T和B淋巴细胞增殖能力;小鼠胸腺细胞增殖法测定白介素-1(IL-1)活性;中性红染色法观察小鼠脾细胞分泌肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)的活性.结果:AGPMT对小鼠MFC实体肿瘤和S180肉瘤均有生长抑制作用,但对体重增长没有影响.AGPMT可以增加CTX对S180荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤作用,同时减轻CTX对S180荷瘤小鼠外周血白细胞数减少的毒性作用.AGPMT能促进S180荷瘤小鼠的T和B淋巴细胞增殖,增加IL-1生成,适度降低TNF.结论:AGPMT具有明显的抗肿瘤作用,对CTX具有减毒增效作用,其抗肿瘤作用可能与提高机体的免疫能力有关.     

甜菜碱对S180荷瘤小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖的影响

目的:以S180荷瘤小鼠脾淋巴细胞作为研究材料,研究甜菜碱对S180町荷瘤小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖影响的内在机制.方法:MTF法测S180荷瘤小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖程度.ELISA方法检测甜菜碱对S180荷瘤小鼠脾淋巴细胞分泌肿瘤坏死因子α的含量的影响.结果:培养48 h后,甜菜碱在50-5 000μg/ml,的浓度范围内可促进S180荷瘤小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖反应(P<0.01).甜菜碱在浓度为50～500μg/ml的范围内可促进S180舶荷瘤小鼠脾淋巴细胞TNF-α的产生(P<0.01).结论:甜菜碱能够促进S180荷瘤小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖、促进TN-α的产生,说明甜菜碱的促进增殖作用主要与促进TNF-α的产生有关.     

泥鳅多糖对小鼠脾细胞免疫应答的影响

目的:研究泥鳅多糖对小鼠脾细胞免疫应答的影响.方法:分别给正常小鼠、刀豆蛋白(ConA)或左旋咪唑免疫增强小鼠、环磷酰胺免疫抑制小鼠腹腔注射提取的泥鳅多糖,连续给药7d.用~H-胸苷掺入法测定T淋巴细胞的增殖.用~(51)Cr同位素标记法测定细胞毒T淋巴细胞的细胞毒性和天然杀伤细胞的活性.结果:泥鳅多糖5或10mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)可以提高T淋巴细胞的增殖,并增强细胞毒T淋巴细胞的细胞毒性和天然杀伤细胞的活性,还能增强ConA解除环磷酰胺对T淋巴细胞增殖抑制的能力,抑制率从环磷酰胺对照组的51.4％分别降低到18.2％和35.1％.而且,给予小鼠10或20mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)的泥鳅多糖,可以恢复环磷酰胺所致的天然杀伤细胞活性降低.结论:泥鳅多糖能增强小鼠脾细胞中T细胞、细胞毒T淋巴细胞和天然杀伤细胞的活性.     

半枝莲多糖对小鼠S_(180)肉瘤及免疫功能的影响

目的研究半枝莲多糖体内抗肿瘤作用和免疫增强作用。方法采用动物移植性肿瘤实验观察半枝莲多糖对小鼠体内肿瘤细胞生长和免疫器官—胸腺、脾的影响,ELISA法检测对荷瘤小鼠外周血血清中白细胞介素-2和干扰素-γ含量的影响,激光共聚焦检测对荷瘤小鼠脾淋巴细胞内钙离子浓度的影响。结果半枝莲多糖对S180肉瘤生长的抑制率以中剂量为佳;各剂量组均对脾脏指数有显著性差异,但大剂量注射(200mg.kg-1),对胸腺有抑制作用;能够提高S180荷瘤小鼠外周血血清中白细胞介素-2及干扰素-γ的含量,并以中剂量最为显著,且使脾淋巴细胞中钙离子浓度升高。结论半枝莲多糖在小鼠体内具有抑制S180肉瘤的作用,并能增进荷瘤小鼠免疫力。     

褶纹冠蚌Cristaria plicata提取物抗肿瘤作用的实验研究

从褶纹冠蚌中提取亲水性物质(Ⅰ组分)，采用超滤法将Ⅰ组分分级为相对分子质量≤30kD的多糖(Ⅱ组分)和相对分子质量≥30kD糖蛋白（Ⅲ组分)两部分。研究结果表明Ⅲ组分对小鼠L1210淋巴白血病癌细胞、S180肉瘤、EAC腹水瘤显示出一定的杭肿癌活性，同时对荷瘤小鼠NK细胞杀伤活性有明显的增强作用，而Ⅱ组分则无抗肿瘤作用，但对荷瘤小鼠NK细胞杀伤活性有一定的增强作用。     

Dendritic cell-tumor coculturing vaccine can induce antitumor immunity through both NK and CTL interaction

Immunization of dendritic cells (DC) pulsed with tumor antigen can activate tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) that are responsible for protection and regression. We show here that immunization with bone marrow-derived DC cocultured with tumor cells can induce a protective immunity against challenges to viable tumor cells. In this study, we further investigated the mechanism by which the antitumor activity was induced. Immunization of mice with DC cocultured with murine colon carcinoma. CT-26 cells, augmented CTL activity against the tumor cells. Concomitantly, an increase in natural killer (NK) cell activity was also detected in the same mice. When DC were fixed with paraformaldehyde prior to coculturing with tumor cells, most of the CTL and NK cell activity diminished, indicating that DC are involved in the process of presenting the tumor antigen(s) to CTL. NK cell depletion in vivo produced markedly low tumor-specific CTL activity responsible for tumor prevention. In addition, RT-PCR analysis confirmed the high expression of INF-gamma mRNA in splenocytes after vaccination with DC cocultured with tumors, but low expression in splenocytes from NK-depleted mice. Most importantly, the tumor protective effect rendered to DC by the coculturing with CT-26 cells was not observed in NK-depleted mice, which suggests that DC can induce an antitumor immune response by enhancing NK cell-dependent CTL activation. Collectively, our results indicate that NK cells are required during the priming of cytotoxic T-cell response by DC-based tumor vaccine and seem to delineate a mechanism by which DC vaccine can provide the desired immunity.     

跨膜型超抗原金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素A融合蛋白的抗肿瘤作用

目的　为扩大超抗原金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素A(SEA)的抗瘤谱 ,制备跨膜型SEA融合蛋白 ,研究该蛋白制备的肿瘤疫苗的抗肿瘤作用。方法　在荷B16黑色素瘤的C5 7BL/ 6小鼠上 ,观察跨膜型SEA融合蛋白制备的肿瘤疫苗对荷瘤小鼠的免疫治疗作用和免疫保护作用 ,并通过乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)释放法检测治疗组和免疫组小鼠脾细胞的天然杀伤细胞(NK)和细胞毒性T细胞 (CTL)活性。结果　融合蛋白制备的肿瘤疫苗能够显著抑制荷瘤小鼠肿瘤的生长 ,并延长其生存期 ,其脾细胞的NK和CTL活性显著增强。同时 ,该肿瘤疫苗对同种肿瘤细胞攻击可产生较强的免疫保护作用。结论　跨膜型SEA融合蛋白制备的肿瘤疫苗具有显著的抗肿瘤作用 ,可有效激发荷瘤小鼠机体的特异性和非特异性抗肿瘤免疫应答 ,增强CTL和NK活性。     

An aqueous extract of Limoniastrum guyonianum gall induces anti-tumor effects in melanoma-injected mice via modulation of the immune response

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor potential of the aqueous gall extract (G extract) from Limoniastrum guyonianum and to elucidate its immunological mechanisms, in part, by assessing its effects on the growth of transplanted tumors and the immune response in these tumor-bearing mice. Here, mice were inoculated with B16F10 mouse tumor cells and then treated intraperitoneally with G extract at 25 or 50 mg extract/kg BW for 7, 14, or 21 days. At each timepoint, effects of the extract on the tumor growth, splenocytes proliferation, NK cell activity, and CTL activity among splenocytes isolated from the mice were measured. G extract-induced tumor growth inhibition was associated with characteristic apoptotic changes in the tumor cells, like nuclear condensation. In addition, the extract inhibited melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity among melanoma cells in a concentration-related manner. G extract did not only significantly inhibit the growth of the transplantable tumor, but also remarkably increased splenocytes proliferation and both NK and CTL activities in tumor-bearing mice. The extract was also seen to have promoted lysosomal activity of host macrophages and gave rise to enhanced cellular anti-oxidant activity in several cell types in mice.     

Antitumor and anti-angiogenic activity of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides peptide

AIM: To investigate the antitumor and anti-angiogenic activity of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides peptide (GLPP). METHODS: Antitumor effect of GLPP was observed in tumor-bearing mice in vivo. At the same time,the effects of GLPP on proliferation of tumor cells and human umbilical cord vascular endothelial cell (HUVEC) were detected by MTr assay in vitro. Subsequently, spleen lymphocytes proliferation of nude mice was stimulated by LPS or ConA. To investigate the anti-angiogenic effect of GLPP, GLPP 80 μg per disc and GLPP-treated serum 10μL per disc were added to the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) respectively in vivo. RESULTS: GLPP 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg inhibited growth of Sarcoma 180 in BALB/c mice markedly by 35.2 %, 45.2 %, and 61.9 %,respectively. GLPP which was directly added to the cultured medium did not inhibit PG cell proliferation in vitro;but GLPP-treated serum 50, 100, 200 mg/kg potently inhibited PG cell proliferation by 22.5 %, 26.8 %, and 30.3 %,respectively; and reduced the xenograft (human lung carcinoma cell PG) in BALB/c nude mice greatly in vivo by 55.5 %, 46.0 %, and 46.8 %, respectively. Lymphocytes proliferation of nude mice could be stimulated by LPS 5 mg/L but not by ConA 2.5 mg/L, indicating that GLPP could not promote the T lymphocyte proliferation and neutral red phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages of nude mice. The CAM assay showed that GLPP and GLPP-treated serum had anti-angiogenic effect. GLPP (1, 10, and 100 mg/L) inhibited HUVEC proliferation in vitro with the inhibitory rate of 9.4 %, 15.6 %, and 40.4 %, respectively. CONCLUSION: GLPP has antitumor and antiangiogenic activity. The anti-angiogenesis of GLPP may be a new mechanism underlying its anti-tumor effects.     

Antitumor effects of recombinant human prolactin in human adenocarcinoma-bearing SCID mice with human NK cell xenograft

To survey the immune regulatory function of recombinant human prolactin (rhPRL) and its potential application in adoptive immunotherapy, CB17-SCID mice were loaded with human colon adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells (5 x 10(5) cells/mouse, i.p.) 24 h before adoptive transfer with the purified human NK cells followed by rhPRL injection (10 mug/mouse, every other day for a total of 10 injections). Upon analysis, rhPRL did not exert any direct inhibitory effects on HT-29 cells but slightly improved the tumor cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. After SCID mice were reconstituted with human NK cells, rhPRL improved the antitumor effects of human NK cells in HT-29-bearing SCID mice, showing a prolonged survival from 70.4 to 112.1 days, and the increased survival rate from all died to 40% survival for more than 160 days. rhPRL improved the proliferation of human NK cells with or without PHA stimulation. rhPRL also directly enhanced the cytotoxicity of human NK cells against HT-29 tumor cells in 4-h coculture. The supernatant of rhPRL-stimulating NK cells inhibited the proliferation of HT-29 cells through, at least partly, the interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the supernatant. Thus, rhPRL administration in HT-29 tumor-bearing SCID mice promotes the antitumor effects of adoptively transferred NK cells.     

地黄多糖b对正常及S180荷瘤小鼠T淋巴细胞功能的影响

地黄多糖ｂ，在体内与体外实验中能明显提高正常小鼠Ｔ淋巴细胞的增殖反应能力，促进白介素２的分泌，显示了明显的元疫调节活性．在对应于其产生明显抑瘤作用的时相里，能相对改善荷瘤小鼠由于肿瘤生长引起的白介素２分泌功能的下降，以及显著的提高此时细胞毒性Ｔ淋巴细胞（ＣＴＬ）的活力。因此认识到地黄多糖ｂ增强ＣＴＬ对肿瘤细胞的杀伤效应功能是其产生抑瘤作用的一个重要途径。     

聚酯型儿茶素的抗肿瘤及免疫调节作用

目的：研究聚酯型儿茶素（ＴＳ）对小鼠移植瘤的抑制作用及对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法：应用小鼠艾氏腹水癌实体型、小鼠Ｓ１８０肉瘤和肝癌Ｈ２２３种模型进行了ＴＳ的抗肿瘤作用研究;应用小鼠迟发型超敏反应模型、小鼠碳粒廓清试验及脾淋巴细胞增殖试验研究了 ＴＳ对荷Ｓ１８０小鼠免疫功能的影响。结果：４００、２００、５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ ＴＳ对小鼠艾氏腹水癌实体型瘤生长有明显抑制作用;常规灌胃给药对小鼠Ｓ１８０和肝癌Ｈ２２的生长无明显抑制作用,但预防给药则对小鼠Ｓ１８０和肝癌Ｈ２２的生长有明显抑制作用,各组抑瘤率均大于 ３０％。５０、１００、２００ｍｇ／ｋｇ ＴＳ可使荷瘤小鼠降低的迟发性超敏反应恢复正常;亦可使荷瘤小鼠碳粒廓清指数 Ｋ和吞噬指数α值显著提高;还可明显增强荷瘤小鼠脾Ｔ淋巴细胞增殖反应。结论：ＴＳ对小鼠移植瘤有明显抑制作用,同时可增强荷瘤小鼠降低的免疫功能。     

Antitumor effect of culinary-medicinal oyster mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.: Fr.) P. Kumm., derived protein fraction on tumor-bearing mice models

Previously, we reported the in vitro anticancer and immunomodulatory effect of a protein fraction designated as Cibacron blue affinity purified protein (CBAEP) obtained from the culinary-medicinal oyster mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus. In the present study, we investigated the in vivo antitumor potential of CBAEP in different tumor-bearing mice models and studied the detailed mechanism of tumor regression in Dalton lymphoma (DL)-bearing mice. The lethal dose (LD50) of CBAEP was found to be 55 mg/kg body weight and sublethal doses (5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg body weight) showed a prolonged tumor survival time in DL, Sarcoma-180, and B16F0 melanoma tumor-bearing mice. Further, CBAEP reduced about 35.68 and 51.43% DL cell growth in 5 and 10 mg/kg body weight, respectively. The in vivo CBAEP treatment showed an apoptotic feature as demonstrated in morphological study and sub-G0/G1 population in cell cycle and Western blot of DL cells. CBAEP also activated immunosuppression condition in DL tumor-bearing host. It also stimulated immune cells in the presence of nonspecific immunostunulator (LPS and ConA) ex vivo as well as enhanced Th1 response with production of TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-2. Moreover, it activated tumor-associated macrophages and NK cells. The present findings revealed the potent antitumor property of CBAEP, which might help in developing a new anticancer drug.     

参麦注射液的抗肿瘤作用研究

目的 研究参麦注射液体内外抗肿瘤作用.方法 以小鼠肉瘤S180、肝癌H22、Lewis肺癌实体瘤模型考察参麦注射液的体内抑瘤作用;通过MTT法考察参麦注射液体外对人宫颈癌HeLa细胞和人肝癌HepG 2细胞的增殖抑制作用.结果 参麦注射液在体内对小鼠肉瘤S180、肝癌H22、Lewis肺癌均有显著的抑制作用,且呈剂量相关性,中、高剂量抑瘤率可达35％以上;体外对人宫颈癌HeLa细胞和人肝癌HepG 2细胞亦有增殖抑制作用,且呈浓度-时间相关性,48 h的IC50值分别为0.36、0.72 g/mL,72h的IC50值分别为0.21、0.29 g/mL.结论 参麦注射液体内外均有显著的抗肿瘤活性.