白细胞介素2镇痛功能位点氨基酸残基相对空间位置的重要性研究

免疫调节因子白细胞介素－２具有中枢镇痛作用，其功能位点由ＩＬ－２分子的第４４，４５和１０７，１１７位氨基酸残基共同组成。采用基因定点突变和ＰＣＲ技术，缺失ＩＬ－２第６６－９９位残基，改变第４４，４５位残基与１０７，１１７位残基的相对空间位置，发现其镇痛功能消失。     

野马追一般药理作用实验研究

1、野马追为菊科泽兰属植物二叶尖佩兰、多年生草本植物．以全草人药。所含化学成分主要为黄酮类、生物碱类、挥发油和香豆精等。文献报道．野马追能提高体液免疫和细胞免疫,对流感病毒有一定的抑制作用,对非典型肺炎冠状病毒有预防作用,对临床常见革兰阳性菌和阴性菌及白色念珠菌均有较好的抗菌作用。此外．能平喘止咳祛痰,抗炎消肿,已在临床广泛应用。特进行野马追一般药理作用实验研究。     

镇痛膏的药效学实验研究

镇痛膏是以中药理论为指导 ,按照“消炎、止痛、清热解毒、活血化瘀、止腐生肌”的基本原则而研制的纯中药制剂 ,在临床试用较长时间 ,主要用于关节、腹部、癌性疼痛等。根据其功能主治 ,选用建立与中医中药病理、病机相符或相近的动物模型和实验方法 ,对其消炎、镇痛、改善微循环作用进行实验研究。现将结果报告如下 :1　实验材料　　药品 :镇痛膏 ,呈褐色 ,每克含原生药 0 5 6 ｇ ,批号 :991 0 1 2 ,由泸州医学院附属医院中医科提供。止痛消炎膏 ,由中国集成药厂生产 ,批号 :971 2 1 3。实验动物 :Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠和ＫＭ小鼠 ,Ⅰ级合格…     

棉酚的药理作用研究

棉酚(gossypol)是一种天然黄色多酚类化合物,主要存在于棉花的根、茎和种子中。最早作为一种男性节育药为人们所熟知,后又试用于治疗女性激素依赖性疾病,包括子宫内膜异位症、子宫肌瘤、功能失调性子宫出血和痛经等。进一步研究发现,棉酚具有多种生物活性,如抗炎、抗疟、抗病毒及抗氧化等,尤其是具有明显的诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的能力。     

地龙肽免疫药理作用的实验研究

地龙是我国传统的中药材之一 ,此药性味咸寒 ,可治疗多种疾病 (包括一些感染性疾病、免疫性疾病和肿瘤等 ) ,可能与其调节机体免疫功能有关[1],但缺乏理论根据。我们实验室制备的地龙肽 (Lumbricuspeptides ,LP)经实验证实 ,在一定剂量范围内 ,可提高小鼠Mφ、脾细胞分泌NO、TN     

血竭的药理作用、临床作用研究

血竭来源于龙血树属40个种的植物，主要分布于亚洲和非洲的热带与亚热带地区。我国产5种。本品内服可活血化淤，止痛等，外用可生肌、止血、敛疮。现将其药理作用及临床应用综述如下。     

心智操作影响痛阈和耐痛阈的实验研究

目的：探讨心智操作对痛阈和耐痛阈的影响。以101名大学生为被试，实验先后对被试进行两种不同条件下的痛阈和耐痛阈测定，第一为未进行心智操作的测定，第二为进行心智操作的测定。结果：未进行心智操作的痛阈或耐痛阈的均值低于进行心智操作的痛阈和耐阀的均值，差异具有显著性：末进行心智操作痛阈和耐痛阈≥5mA的百分率低于进行心智操作痛阈和耐痛阈≥5mA的百分率，差异也具有显著性。结论：心智操作是一种减轻疼痛的有效措施。     

川芎嗪药理作用的研究进展

目的 探讨川芎嗪的药理作用.方法 通过查阅中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献数据库 (CBM)、万方数据库和维普全文数据库,汇总1989-2010年期间川芎嗪与药理的相关文献,对川芎嗪的药理作用进行综合和分析.结果 川芎嗪具有改善脑缺血,保护肝脏、肾脏,抗炎、提高学习记忆力,抗氧化,抗瘤等方面的药理作用.结论 川芎嗪已被广泛应用于临床,但还有待于进一步完善,从而为川芎嗪的临床应用提供更好依据.     

普利醇药理作用的研究进展

普利醇（policosanol）是一种从精炼甘蔗蜡中提取出来的长链脂肪醇混合物，其主要成分是二十八烷醇。具有抗心脑缺血、降低血浆胆固醇水平、抑制血小板聚集、抗脂质过氧化、抑制血管内膜增生和平滑肌增殖以及血管新生等作用，安全性和耐受性均很好。     

穿心莲的药理作用研究进展

穿心莲Andrographis Paniculata（Burm．f）Nees为爵床科植物的干燥地上部分，能“清热解毒，消炎退肿，治咽喉炎症，痢疾，高热”，属清热解毒药。本文就其解热抗炎，抗病毒感染，治疗心血管疾病，免疫调节作用，抗癌作用，治疗消化系统疾病及抗生育等方面的研究进展综述如下。     

Analgesic effect of histamine induced by intracerebral injection into mice

Three methods were used to study the analgesic effect of intracerebral injection of histamine (Hi) on mice: the writhing test (acetic acid and phenylquinone), the electrical stimulation of the tail and the hot plate test. At doses higher than 2 g, Hi inhibited the writhing syndrome significantly, and at doses of 10 g or higher, Hi displayed a marked analgesic effect during both the electrical stimulation and hot plate methods. The saline injection produced only a negligible effect.Simultaneous application of Hi and 10 g of diphenhydramine, pyrilamine or promethazine, apparently causing no analgesic effect from a single administration, caused a parallel shift of the dose-response curve of Hi to the right. ED50 of Hi was increased approximately 2, 2.8 and 3.8 times, respectively. However, cimetidine did not reveal any antagonistic effect on Hi-induced analgesia. Subcutaneously administered, 3 mg/kg of morphine augmented the analgesic effect of Hi. In accordance with this, pretreatment of naloxone (0.005 mg/kg) antagonized the analgesic action of Hi almost completely. When 5 mg/kg of leucine-enkephalin, less than the minimum effective dose, was given prior to Hi injection, the analgesic effect of Hi was enhanced. In addition, 10 and 20 g of Hi increased the morphine analgesia markedly and parallel shifted the dose-response curve of morphine to the left.     

The immunosuppressive effect of domain-deleted dimer of HLA-G2 isoform in collagen-induced arthritis mice

HLA-G is involved in maternal-fetal immune tolerance and is reported to be a natural tolerogenic molecule. Seven-spliced isoforms including dimeric and β2m-free forms have been identified. The major isoform, HLA-G1 (and its soluble type HLA-G5), binds to the inhibitory immune receptors, leukocyte immunoglobulin (Ig)-like receptor (LILR) B1 and LILRB2. We previously reported that HLA-G1 also binds to paired Ig-like receptor (PIR)-B, a mouse homolog of LILRBs, and had a significant immunosuppressive effect in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice. Although HLA-G2 and its soluble form HLA-G6 bind specifically to LILRB2, its functional characteristics are largely unknown. In this study, we report the significant immunosuppressive effect of HLA-G2 dimer in CIA mice. Surface plasmon resonance analysis revealed a specific interaction of HLA-G2 with PIR-B. CIA mice were administered HLA-G2 protein subcutaneously once in the left footpad and clinical severity was evaluated in a double-blind study. A single administration of HLA-G2 maintained a suppressive effect for over 1 month. These results suggested that the HLA-G2 protein might be a useful biopharmaceutical for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis by binding to inhibitory PIR-B.     

雷公藤甲素对2型糖尿病小鼠耳蜗毛细胞的保护作用

目的：探讨雷公藤甲素对2 型糖尿病小鼠耳蜗毛细胞的保护作用及机制。方法：选取 Balb/c 雄性小鼠,随 机分为正常组、糖尿病组和雷公藤甲素组。制备2 型糖尿病小鼠模型后,雷公藤甲素组给予雷公藤甲素0.1 mg/kg 灌胃,正常组和糖尿病组小鼠均给予等体积生理盐水灌胃。观察3 组小鼠耳蜗毛细胞的变化,检测耳蜗毛细胞内 氧化应激相关信号通路、抗氧化蛋白及凋亡分子的表达变化。结果：糖尿病组和雷公藤甲素组耳蜗毛细胞均有不 同程度的丢失,且雷公藤甲素组耳蜗毛细胞的丢失率小于糖尿病组。雷公藤甲素组小鼠耳蜗毛细胞中的p-ERK、 E2 核因子相关因子2（Nrf2）、硫氧还蛋白（Trx）表达量及Erk 磷酸化水平高于糖尿病组, JNK磷酸化水平和凋 亡分子cleaved-caspase-3 的蛋白表达量低于糖尿病组。结论：雷公藤甲素可以减缓糖尿病小鼠耳蜗毛细胞凋亡, 其机制与上调ERK、Nrf2 和Trx 的表达,下调JNK信号,抑制凋亡分子cleaved-caspase-3 的表达有关,有望成为 治疗2 型糖尿病耳蜗病变的有效药物。     

Analgesic effect of electroacupuncture on complete Freund's adjuvant-induced inflammatory pain in mice: a model of antipain treatment by acupuncture in mice

Electroacupuncture (EA) was applied bilaterally to the acupoints of Zu-san-li (ST-36) and Kun-lun (BL-60) in the hindlimbs of mice. The therapeutic effect of EA on inflammatory pain induced by an ipsilateral injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into the right paw of the mouse was investigated in this study. The time of paw-withdrawal latency (PWL) was used as an indicator for judging the intensity of the pain induced by the CFA injection. The EA effects were divided into immediate (PWL tests within 2 h after EA treatment) and cumulative (PWL tests during and after repetitive EA treatments for 3 weeks) effects. As immediate effects, PWL was significantly shortened in the CFA-injected paw, but was again prolonged 20 min after an EA treatment and lasted until 30 min after. As cumulative effects, PWL was significantly shortened in the CFA-injected paw, but recovered from the 2nd to the 8th day during repetitive EA treatments. No such effects could be observed after sham EA treatment, which resulted in behavior similar to that in untreated animals. These results demonstrate that the CFA-induced inflammatory pain in mice is an ideal model system for the investigation of EA effects and may serve as a valuable reference for the clinical treatment of inflammatory pain in human beings. Furthermore, the mouse pain model opens the possibility to apply the investigation also to transgenic mice.     

Analgesic effect of extracts of Chinese medicinal herbs Moutan cortex and Coicis semen on neuropathic pain in mice

Neuropathic pain arising from peripheral nerve injury is a clinical disorder characterized by a combination of spontaneous pain, hyperalgesia and tactile pain (allodynia), and remains a significant clinical problem since it is often poorly relieved by conventional analgesics. To seek an analgesic compound(s) in Chinese herbs, we examined the effect of seven Chinese herbs that are routinely prescribed for pain management in two neuropathic pain models: allodynia induced by intrathecal administration of prostaglandin F₂ (PGF₂) and by selective L5 spinal nerve transection. The extracts of Moutan cortex and Coicis semen dose-dependently alleviated the PGF₂-induced allodynia by oral administration 1 h before intrathecal injection of PGF₂. When orally administrated every day for 7 days, these extracts attenuated neuropathic pain in the ipsilateral side, but not in the contralateral side, day 7 after L5 spinal nerve transection. The increase in NADPH diaphorase activity in the spinal cord associated with neuropathic pain was also blocked by these extracts. These results suggest that Moutan cortex and Coicis semen contain substances effective in neuropathic pain.     

环氧化酶2抑制剂帕瑞昔布、塞来昔布在TKA围手术期多模式镇痛中的效果研究

目的：比较两种选择性环氧化酶2（COX-2）抑制剂帕瑞昔布、塞来昔布在全膝关节置换围手术期多模式镇痛中的镇痛效果。方法选择2013年1月至2014年3月首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院收治的80例行单侧全膝关节置换术（TKA）患者,随机分为塞来昔布组、帕瑞昔布组,每组40例。两组患者均进行超前镇痛及患者自控静脉镇痛,塞来昔布组在术后6 h口服塞来昔布200 mg,此后1次／12 h,200 mg／次,连续3 d;帕瑞昔布组在同时期采用肌肉注射帕瑞昔布40 mg,此后1次／12h,40mg／次,连续3d10观察术后6h、12h、1d、2d、3d两组患者静息及活动时视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分,术后第3天记录患者患侧关节最大主动、被动活动度;术后每天记录患者引流量,至引流管拔除;术后1、2、3d记录患者睡眠满意度评分;记录术后3d内患者恶心、呕吐、瘙痒、眩晕、尿潴留、呼吸抑制等不良反应的发生例数。VAS评分、伤口引流量、膝关节活动度、睡眠满意度,采用配对t检验进行统计学分析;药物不良反应的发生情况,采用χ2检验进行统计学分析。结果术后6 h、12 h、1d、2d、3d两组患者静息时VAS评分比较差异均无统计学意义（P＞0．05）,术后6h、12h、1d、2d、3 d活动时的 VAS 评分帕瑞昔布组均小于塞来昔布组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（t ＝－5．586、－6．643、－6．729、－5．414、－4．718,均P＜0．05）;术后第3天帕瑞昔布组、塞来昔布组的膝关节主动活动度分别为（78．75±7．32）°和（74．50±6．87）°,两组比较差异有统计学意义（t ＝2．978,P＝0．005）;被动活动度分别为（96．13±6．04）°、（92．88±5．98）°,两组比较差异有统计学意义（t ＝2．458,P＝0．019）;术后1、2d帕瑞昔布组与塞来昔布组的伤口引流量比较,差异无统计学意义（t＝0．191、0．401,P＝0．850、0     

MUC2在结肠炎小鼠中的保护作用和血清抗CBir1抗体的表达

目的:探究黏蛋白2(MUC2)对结肠炎模型小鼠肠黏膜的保护作用,并探究抗CBir1鞭毛蛋白抗体与MUC2表达的相关性。方法:将小鼠随机分为正常对照组、2,4,6-三硝基苯磺酸(TNBS)组、脂多糖(LPS)+卵清蛋白(OVA)+TNBS组和酮替芬+TNBS组,采用PAS染色法和免疫组织化学法测定各组小鼠结肠组织MUC2的表达情况,ELISA法对各组小鼠血清抗CBir1抗体的水平进行测定。结果:各模型组小鼠的疾病活动度指数评分和组织学指数评分中,TNBS组小鼠的分值较正常对照组增高(P0.05),LPS+OVA+TNBS组小鼠的分值较TNBS组更加增高(P0.05),而酮替芬+TNBS组小鼠的分值与TNBS组相比有所降低(P0.05)。PAS染色结果显示,与正常对照组比较,TNBS组杯状细胞减少,LPS+OVA+TNBS组与TNBS组相比结肠黏膜完整性出现破坏,而酮替芬+TNBS组与TNBS组相比杯状细胞数量明显增多。免疫组化染色结果表明,各模型组小鼠肠道内MUC2的表达量与PAS染色结果基本保持一致。TNBS组小鼠血清抗CBir1抗体的含量较正常对照组有所增高(P0.05),LPS+OVA+TNBS组小鼠与TNBS组相比明显增高(P0.05),而酮替芬+TNBS组小鼠与TNBS组相比有所降低(P0.05)。结论:MUC2在结肠炎小鼠的发病过程中具有肠黏膜保护作用。结肠炎小鼠MUC2的表达量与肠道内细菌鞭毛蛋白存在一定的负相关。