妇科恶性肿瘤围术期静脉血栓栓塞症的高危因素研究及对策

目的 分析妇科恶性肿瘤住院手术治疗患者的围术期静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）发生的高危因素。方法 纳入本市电子病历系统登记的初次手术治疗的妇科恶性肿瘤患者共2364例,根据围术期是否发生VTE分为[VTE（+）组,110例],其他纳入对照组[VTE（-）组,2254例]。分析发生VTE的高危因素。结果 妇科恶性肿瘤患者围术期VTE发生的高危因素包括年龄≥57.5岁、合并高血压、合并糖尿病、开腹手术、病理类型为子宫内膜癌。结论 妇科恶性肿瘤手术患者围术期VTE的发生受多种因素影响,在诊疗过程中应对患者进行评估并对具有高危因素患者采取预防措施,以减少围术期VTE发生,促进患者康复。     

妇科手术后静脉血栓栓塞症临床分析

目的:探讨妇科手术后静脉血栓栓塞症(VTE)的发生情况、危险因素及改良Caprini模型的运用。方法:选择四川大学华西第二医院2017年12月至2018年12月期间收治的妇科手术后发生VTE的35例患者为血栓组,另按照1∶4比例选择同期因相同疾病手术未发生VTE的140例患者为对照组。根据改良Caprini风险评估模型(不包括实验室检查结果,如V因子、凝血酶原20110A、血清同型半胱胺酸、狼疮抗凝物等)进行评分,对术后发生VTE的相关因素进行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果:①妇科手术患者共13211例,术后VTE发生率为0.26%(35/13211)。②血栓组改良Caprini平均得分高于对照组(5.20±1.83分vs 4.27±1.82分,P=0.011),血栓组改良Caprini评分≥5分的比例高于对照组(62.86%vs 44.29%,P=0.049)。③单因素分析发现妇科手术后发生VTE与年龄、BMI、手术时间及住院天数有关;多因素Logistic回归分析提示BMI≥24 kg/m^2(OR2.862,95%CI 1.277~6.417)、手术时间(OR 1.004,95%CI 1.001~1.008)是妇科术后VTE发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。④采用低分子肝素皮下注射抗凝治疗,同时对血栓所在的下肢制动,35例患者在观察期间均未继发出血。结论:VTE是妇科手术后严重的并发症,术后VTE发生的危险因素包括BMI(≥24 kg/m^2)、手术时间。根据改良Caprini风险度分级采取适当的预防措施,减少临床VTE的发生。     

妇科围术期静脉血栓形成的危险因素评估

目的探讨妇科围术期静脉血栓形成的危险因素。方法回顾分析1 970例北京大学深圳医院妇科术后患者临床资料,采用统计学方法分析患者存在的危险因素与静脉血栓形成的关系。结果 1 970例手术患者中,发病患者13例,发病率为0.7%。其中,恶性肿瘤患者发病11例,占84.6%。单因素分析中,患者年龄、糖尿病、恶性肿瘤、肿瘤期别、深间质浸润、分化程度、肿瘤转移、手术方式、手术时间、术中出血量、输血与患者静脉血栓发生有关,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。多因素分析中,恶性肿瘤晚期、低分化是静脉血栓形成的相关危险因素,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论年龄及糖尿病史、恶性肿瘤、手术情况与围术期静脉血栓形成有密切关系,肿瘤分期及分化程度可能是静脉血栓形成的独立危险因素。     

妇科手术患者静脉血栓栓塞症的危险因素评估和改良评估模型建立

目的:探讨妇科手术患者静脉血栓栓塞症(VTE)的危险因素和改良VTE评估模型对妇科手术患者VTE发生风险的预测价值。方法:选择2020年1月1日至2022年12月31日妇科手术后并发VTE患者41例为血栓组，按照1∶4的比例抽取同期妇科手术患者164例作为非血栓组。运用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析妇科手术后并发VTE的危险因素，构建改良VTE危险因素快速评估模型(简称改良VTE评估表),应用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析其对妇科手术患者VTE的预测价值，并与Caprini血栓风险评估模型(简称Caprini量表)进行比较。结果:(1)多因素Logistic回归分析结果示，年龄≥60岁、体质量指数(BMI)≥28 kg/m2、恶性肿瘤、手术时间>3小时、血栓病史、手术前后D-二聚体(D-D)差值增大是影响妇科手术后并发VTE的独立危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05)。(2)改良VTE评估表的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.963,约登指数81.10%、敏感度87.80%、特异度93.29%;Caprini量表的AUC为0.888,约登指数63.41%、敏感度73.17%、特异度90.24%。改良VTE评估表和Caprini量表分别可将92.68%和85.37%的VTE患者评估为高危或极高危，但差异无统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对于影响妇科手术患者VTE的6项独立危险因素临床上应重点关注。改良VTE评估表与Caprini量表对VTE识别水平相当，但其简单、易操作，具有更好的实用性，有一定的临床推广价值。     

Caprini静脉血栓风险评估量表预测妇科恶性肿瘤患者手术后静脉血栓形成及风险模型构建

目的:评估Caprini静脉血栓风险评估量表(简称Caprini量表)在妇科恶性肿瘤手术患者中对静脉血栓栓塞症(VTE)的预测效果,分析妇科恶性肿瘤手术患者术后VTE的危险因素,并构建VTE风险预测模型.方法:采用回顾性队列研究分析中山大学肿瘤防治中心2015年1月至2020年12月诊治的妇科肿瘤患者手术后确诊VTE的...     

妇科手术患者静脉血栓栓塞症的危险因素评估和评分简表的有效性验证

目的:探讨妇科手术患者静脉血栓栓塞症(VTE)危险因素及制定VTE危险因素评分简表,并对评分简表进行有效性验证。方法:收集2015年10月至2017年10月在西安交通大学第一附属医院妇科接诊并手术治疗后并发VTE的妇科肿瘤患者53例,对照组选择时间上相邻的2个妇科手术非VTE妇科肿瘤患者共106例。对年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、肿瘤性质、血栓相关病史、合并症、手术方式、手术时间、出血量、术后卧床时间、妊娠或产褥期、激素服用史进行单因素分析和多因素分析,并制定VTE危险因素的评分简表,应用该评分简表和Caprini评分表对所有患者进行评分比较。结果:单因素分析中,两组在BMI、肿瘤性质、手术时长、出血量、有无输血、卧床时间、血栓相关病史等方面差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。多因素Logistic回归结果,年龄60岁、BMI28 kg/m~2、恶性肿瘤、手术时长≥3小时、腹腔镜手术、血栓相关病史是影响妇科手术患者并发VTE的独立危险因素(P0.05)。评分简表与Caprini评分表评分情况比较,两者差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:年龄大、BMI高、恶性肿瘤、手术时间长、腹腔镜手术及有血栓相关病史患者妇科手术后更易发生VTE。评分简表简便易操作且对于VTE识别度高,有一定临床实用价值。     

预防妇科恶性肿瘤术后静脉血栓的回顾性研究

目的:探讨妇科恶性肿瘤术后静脉血栓预防措施的有效性。方法:选取2008年10月至2014年2月在苏北人民医院行妇科手术治疗的564例妇科恶性肿瘤患者,其中宫颈癌359例、子宫内膜癌110例和卵巢癌95例。根据术后危险程度分级采取不同的预防措施。中危患者(82例):术中采用弹力袜对下肢加压,术后连续3天静脉滴注低分子右旋糖酐500ml/d;高危(90例)和极高危患者(392例):术中采用弹力袜对下肢加压,并应用至术后1周;术后第一天静脉滴注低分子右旋糖酐500ml,术后第二天皮下注射依诺肝素钠0.4ml/d,连续应用5天。比较低分子右旋糖酐、低分子肝素及弹力袜不同联合方法对术后静脉血栓的预防效果。结果:564例患者中30例发生静脉血栓栓塞(VTE),其中深静脉血栓(DVT)22例(3.9%),肺栓塞(PE)2例(0.4%)、DVT合并PE 6例(1.1%)。宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌和卵巢癌患者术后发生VTE者分别有16例、8例和6例,3组比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。564例妇科恶性肿瘤患者中40岁者术后无VTE发生,40~49岁、50~59岁和60岁患者中术后发生VTE者分别有5例、12例和13例,3组比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.027)。中危、高危、极高危患者的术后静脉血栓发生率分别为3.7%、4.4%和5.8%,3组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:低分子右旋糖酐、低分子肝素及弹力袜可有效预防患者术后静脉血栓的发生。根据患者不同的危险程度,选用不同方法预防,可避免过度治疗,降低术后出血。     

妇产科静脉血栓栓塞症发生的高危因素

静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）包括深静脉血栓形成（DVT）和肺栓塞（PE）,是妇产科常见的严重并发症,其发展迅速,病死率高。VTE重在风险评估和疾病预防,文章就国内外相关文献,结合自身经验总结妇产科临床常见的VTE高危因素及其潜在机制。     

妇科恶性肿瘤的动脉栓塞治疗

随着医学生物技术研究的不断进步,恶性肿瘤的治疗手段亦不断被丰富,其中,肿瘤介入治疗由于其微创伤性、定位准确、安全有效及并发症少等优点在过去的20多年内得到很大发展.DSA、B超、CT、MRI等现代影像设备的应用以及介入器械的不断研制,使得介入治疗更为方便和安全有效.相信随着现代科学技术的不断创新,介入治疗将迎来新的发展时期.     

妇科手术后静脉血栓性疾病27例临床分析

目的:探讨妇科手术后静脉血栓性疾病(VTE)的发生率、危险因素及其诊断和治疗.方法:回顾性分析我院2003年1月至2008年11月期间,确诊为妇科手术后VTE 27例患者的临床情况,其中下肢静脉血栓(DVT)26例,肺栓塞(PE)1例.结果:妇科手术后VTE总发生率为0.27%,其中恶性肿瘤1.59%,良性疾病0.02%,恶性肿瘤明显高于良性疾病(P<0.01).卵巢癌的VTE发生率为3.43%,明显高于宫颈癌(0.71%)和子宫内膜癌(0.74%)(P<0.05).行盆腔淋巴结清扫显著增加VTE发生率.DVT患者经彩色多普勒超声检查确诊,PE患者经CT肺血管三维扫描确诊.结论:妇科盆腔手术后VTE发生率低,但有增加趋势.恶性肿瘤,尤其是卵巢癌和行盆腔淋巴结清扫术是VTE发生的危险因素.正确诊断、及时治疗愈后好.     

Incidence and timing of venous thromboembolism after surgery for gynecological cancer

Objective

This study aims to determine the incidence, timing, and risk factors of clinical venous thromboembolism.

Methods

A cohort of patients who had major gynecologic cancer surgery between 1998 and 2008 was identified. Secondarily, a nested case-control design wherein patients who had clinical VTE within 90 days after surgery were considered cases. Controls were matched on age, race, surgery date, and cancer site. Risk factors were evaluated for VTE within 90 days, and late VTE between 8 and 90 days.

Results

We identified 4158 women, 18 years or older, without a history of recent thrombosis. We observed 126 cases of clinical VTE within 90 days of surgery (incidence 4%) of which 96 (76%) occurred after post-operative day 7. In a multivariable model including age, ASA, BMI, race, and site of cancer, only ovarian cancer was a significant predictor for VTE within 90 days (HR 2.8; 95% CI 1.6, 5.0).In the nested case-control study, we identified hospital stay ≥ 5 days (OR 2.8; 95% CI 1.5, 5.1) and prior VTE (OR 2.6; 95% CI 1.1, 6.1) as significant risk factors for VTE within 90 days. Only hospital stay ≥ 5 days (OR 2.5; 95% CI 1.3, 4.7) was significantly associated with late VTE between 8 and 90 days.

Conclusion

In gynecologic cancer patients, over 75% of VTE are detected more than 7 days after surgery. Patients with ovarian cancer, prolonged hospitalization, or a history of VTE are at highest risk of developing clinical VTE. Such patients would be optimal candidates for clinical trials evaluating extended VTE prophylaxis.     

子宫内膜癌症状性VTE发生危险因素临床分析

目的:分析子宫内膜癌患者发生静脉血栓栓塞的危险因素。方法:回顾分析2004年1月至2012年12月于北京大学人民医院妇科初治接受手术治疗并具有完整随访资料的子宫内膜癌患者496例,其中有症状的静脉血栓栓塞患者23例(血栓组),其他473例为对照组。结果:血栓组中具有下肢静脉血栓病史患者比例高于对照组(8.7%vs 0.2%,P=0.006),血栓组的平均手术时间长于对照组[(3.7±1.1)h vs(3.0±1.0)h,P=0.002],血栓组术后合并淋巴囊肿的患者比例高于对照组(17.4%vs 2.3%,P=0.003),术后肠梗阻的比例高于对照组(13.0%vs 1.9%,P=0.015),血栓组中Ⅲ/Ⅳ患者的比例高于对照组(43.5%vs 14.0%,P<0.001)。多因素分析提示,下肢深静脉血栓病史、术后淋巴囊肿、术后肠梗阻、肿瘤晚期(FIGO Ⅲ/Ⅳ期)等是内膜癌患者静脉血栓栓塞发生的独立危险因素(OR=55.306,P=0.002;OR=5.792,P=0.014;OR=5.055,P=0.050;OR=3.676,P=0.007)。结论:既往有下肢深静脉血栓病史、术后肠梗阻、术后淋巴囊肿、肿瘤晚期是子宫内膜癌患者VTE发生的独立危险因素。     

Beyond prophylaxis: Extended risk of venous thromboembolism following primary debulking surgery for ovarian cancer

Objective

To determine the incidence and risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) within six months after primary debulking surgery (PDS) for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).

有高危因素的妇科手术患者预防性血栓治疗的临床意义

量出血,无手术切口出血及出血倾向发生.单因素分析显示,高龄、开腹手术及恶件肿瘤为影响LDVT预防效果的相关因素(P<0.05).结论 妇科手术后对有高危因素的患者予预防性血栓治疗可以明显减少并延迟其术后LDVT的发生,且无明显不良反应发生;高龄、开腹手术及恶性肿瘤为影响LDVT预防效果的相关因素.     

The survival detriment of venous thromboembolism with epithelial ovarian cancer

Objective

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of venous thromboembolism (VTE) chronology with respect to surgery on survival with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).

Methods

An IRB approved, retrospective review was performed of patients treated for Stage I–IV EOC from 1996 to 2011. Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess associations between VTE and the primary outcomes of progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). SAS 9.3 was used for statistical analyses.

Results

586 patients met study criteria. Median age was 63 years (range, 17–94); median BMI was 27.1 kg/m² (range, 13.7–67.0). Most tumors were high grade serous (68.3%) and advanced stage (III/IV, 75.4%). 3.7% had a preoperative VTE; 13.2% had a postoperative VTE. Upon multivariate analysis adjusting for age, stage, histology, performance status, and residual disease, preoperative VTE was predictive of OS (HR 3.1, 95% CI: 1.6–6.1, p = 0.001) but not PFS (p = 0.55). Postoperative VTE was associated with shorter PFS (HR 1.45, 95% CI: 1.04–2.02, p = 0.03) and OS (HR 1.8, 95% CI: 1.3–2.6, p = 0.001). When VTE timing was modeled, preoperative VTE (HR 3.5, 95% CI: 1.8–6.9, p < 0.001) and postoperative VTE after primary therapy (HR 2.3, 95% CI: 1.4–3.6, p = 0.001) were predictive of OS.

Conclusion

Preoperative and postoperative VTE appear to have a detrimental effect on OS with EOC. When modeled as a binary variable, postoperative VTE attenuated PFS; however, when VTE timing was modeled, postoperative VTE was not associated with PFS. It is unclear whether VTE is an inherent poor prognostic marker or if improved VTE prophylaxis and treatment may enable similar survival to patients without these events.     

Venous thromboembolism in ovarian cancer: incidence,risk factors and impact on survival

Objectives

Ovarian cancer has a higher incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) than other cancers. Clear cell cancers carry the highest risk at 11–27%. The aim of this study was to identify the predisposing factors for VTE in a population of ovarian cancer patients and to determine the influence of VTE on overall survival.

Study design

VTE events were identified from hospital and general practice/community care records for all patients with ovarian cancer who were diagnosed and treated in a tertiary cancer center between 2006 and 2010.

Results

The overall incidence of VTE was 9.7% (33) in 344 patients. Sixteen (48%) had pulmonary embolism. Six (18%) presented with VTE. Five (15%) had VTE diagnosed during pre-treatment routine CT scanning. Eleven (33%) developed VTE following surgery and eleven (33%) developed VTE during chemotherapy. Risk factors associated with the occurrence of VTE were BMI ≥ 30 (p < 0.01), clear cell carcinoma (p < 0.05), advanced stage (p < 0.01), high grade (p < 0.01) and CA125 > 500 IU/ml (p < 0.001). The occurrence of VTE was associated with decreased overall survival time (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The incidence of VTE is high in ovarian cancer especially in the clear cell subtype. VTE adversely affects survival in ovarian cancer. Obesity, high grade and stage of cancer, clear cell subtype and high CA 125 level should be incorporated into protocols of VTE prophylaxis in women with ovarian cancer.     

Significance of venous thromboembolism in women with uterine carcinosarcoma

Objective

To identify risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) and to examine the association of VTE and survival in women with uterine carcinosarcoma.

妊娠期及产褥期静脉血栓栓塞症风险评估及预防

目的:评估妊娠期及产褥期女性的静脉血栓栓塞症(VTE)发生风险,明确风险因素,并予以针对性预防,为探索妊娠相关VTE风险评估及预防策略提供依据.方法:根据2015年英国皇家妇产科医师学会(RCOG)妊娠期及产褥期静脉血栓栓塞疾病诊治指南推荐量表,对2018年11月1日至2019年12月31日在首都医科大学附属北京妇产医...