Comparison of ocular axis and corneal diameter between entropion and non-entropion eyes in children with congenital glaucoma

BACKGROUNDChildren with congenital glaucoma are often accompanied by acquired epiblepharon in the lower eyelid, which causes entropion of the lower eyelid and damages the cornea.AIMTo infer the possible causes of lower eyelid entropion by comparing the difference of ocular axis and corneal diameter between inverted and non-inverted ciliary eyes in children with congenital glaucoma.METHODSA total of 15 patients (11 males and 4 females) diagnosed with congenital glaucoma between July 2016 and January 2019 at Tongren Hospital were included. Five patients had bilateral glaucoma, and ten had unilateral glaucoma. Each patient had only one eye with lower eyelid entropion which is associated with congenital glaucoma. All the patients had no entropion in another eye. The clinical data were collected. Main outcome measures were the ocular axis and corneal diameter.RESULTSThe average age of the 15 patients was 1.85 ± 0.49 years. Paired t-test showed that the average ocular axis of congenital glaucoma eyes with lower eyelid entropion (24.86 ± 3.44 mm) was significantly longer than that of congenital glaucoma eyes without lower eyelid entropion (20.79 ± 1.34 mm; P < 0.001). The average corneal diameter of congenital glaucoma eyes with lower eyelid entropion (13.61 ± 0.88 mm) was also significantly greater than that of congenital glaucoma eyes without lower eyelid entropion (11.63 ± 0.48; P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONThe rapid growth of the ocular axis and corneal diameter may be the main cause of congenital glaucoma with acquired lower eyelid entropion. Therefore, children with poor control of intraocular pressure and excessive growth of ocular axis and corneal diameter must be observed for the existence of acquired epiblepharon.     

提上睑肌腱膜眶筋膜瓣与额肌瓣吻合矫正重度上睑下垂

目的探讨提上睑肌腱膜眶筋膜瓣与额肌瓣吻合矫正重度上睑下垂的临床效果。方法术中切开眶隔,制做带蒂“舌形”眶隔筋膜瓣及提上睑肌腱膜瓣。在眼轮匝肌与眶隔间向眉区分离隧道,制作一宽15mm片状肌瓣,将眶隔膜瓣向上,额肌瓣向下,提上睑肌腱膜瓣向上牵引,三者重叠缝合,上睑缘重度以位于上角膜缘1～2mm为度。结果对23例27只眼采用此法治疗,随访2周-5年。其中24只眼良好,3只眼满意,重睑弧度自然美观,无一例复发及并发症出现。结论该手术结合了提上睑肌缩短及额肌瓣悬吊两者功能并加以优化,上睑悬吊固定牢固,不易复发,同时保留并加强提上睑肌的部分功能及运动方向,保持了提上睑肌原有附着结构和完整性,使得上睑弧度自然,外观美观满意,畸形矫正效果良好。     

利用额肌瓣悬吊矫正重度上睑下垂

目的：探索一种额肌瓣悬吊术来矫正重度上睑下垂。方法：按照重睑高度切开皮肤以及眼轮匝肌，在眼轮匝肌下向眉区分离，在眉下眼轮匝肌与额肌交织处，制一宽约2cm的肌瓣，然后将肌瓣拉下，固定在睑板上，切除多余皮肤，按照重睑成形术常规间断缝合切口皮肤。结果：按照Fox正常眼睑功能标准评定，本组患者术后外观美观，手术效果满意。结论：此手术效果可靠，操作简易，值得推广。     

眶隔脂肪合理化释放结合眼轮匝肌肌瓣翻转填充在凹陷型睑袋整复术中的应用体会

目的 研究眶隔脂肪合理化释放结合眼轮匝肌肌瓣翻转填充术在凹陷型睑袋整复术中的应用效果.方法 回顾性分析2018年4月至2020年1月到我院就诊的下睑眶缘凹陷型睑袋要求行整复治疗的32例患者的临床资料,均进行眶隔脂肪合理化释放结合眼轮匝肌肌瓣翻转填充术,术中松解眶下缘眶隔,根据患者实际情况有选择性地释放眶隔内脂肪,并适当...     

倒L法内眦赘皮矫正联合切开法重睑术

目的探讨倒L法内眦赘皮矫正联合切开法重睑术治疗效果.方法回顾分析我院2017年2月至2019年3月期间收治的接受倒L法内眦赘皮矫正联合切开法重睑术治疗的受术者60例,治疗后,均接受2个月的随访,术前、随访时均需测量其睫毛上翘度、睫毛暴露长度、内眦间距、睑裂垂直高度、睑裂长度、容貌睑裂长度等,并分析结果.结果随访时受术者睫毛上翘度、睫毛暴露长度、睑裂垂直高度、睑裂长度、容貌睑裂长度均高于术前,数据差异明显(P<0.05);内眦间距低于术前,数据差异明显(P<0.05).结论受术者接受倒L法内眦赘皮矫正联合切开法重睑术治疗后,其重睑、内眦形态良好,眼部美感好,眉眼比例更加和谐、自然,且手术操作和设计简单,推广应用价值高.     

不同手术方法矫正麻痹性下睑外翻疗效分析

目的观察应用不同手术方法矫正麻风麻痹性下睑外翻的疗效。方法 2006年10月-2009年11月,共收治麻风麻痹性下睑外翻68例115眼,根据患者下睑外翻程度和局部专科情况,分别采用颞肌移位＋阔筋膜移位悬吊固定术（Johnson法）,改良颞肌移位术,下睑板缩短外眦韧带悬吊固定术,眼轮匝肌岛状皮瓣,眼轮匝肌悬吊固定术以及丝线悬吊固定术矫正眼睑外翻。结果 68例115眼成功率98.9%,手术后由于下睑外翻导致的各种合并症明显好转。随访观察4～11个月所有患者术后效果良好,无复发。结论麻风麻痹性下睑外翻的手术治疗应根据患者的不同情况选择合适的手术方法,才能达到最佳的矫正效果。     

儿童先天性上睑下垂术后角膜炎的发生原因分析与护理

目的 总结儿童先天性上睑下垂术后角膜炎发生的原因及护理对策.方法 选取上睑下垂矫正术的患儿489例,全部病例均在全麻下采用额肌悬吊术,对术后13例发生角膜炎并发症患儿进行回顾性分析,找出发生角膜炎的原因,并探讨护理方法.结果 5例患儿引起暴露性角膜炎,其中2例患儿由于护理不当患儿睡觉时涂眼药膏后牵拉下睑缝线所致,经过护理痊愈;2例患儿术后当天哭闹、自诉眼睛痛,经过细心地护理,第2天患儿自觉症状好转,裂隙灯下角膜点状染色范围缩小,3d后好转;3例由于倒睫刺激角膜引起角膜炎的发生,1例额肌悬吊术后欠矫并有上睑内翻倒睫,经过以上的治疗和护理,患儿角膜炎症状好转,自觉症状消失,检查下所见角膜上皮修复.结论 针对不同原因引起的角膜炎通过早期发现及采取针对性的护理措施,可减少了并发症的发生,为进一步改进护理工作提供依据,提高了手术的成功率.     

暂时性睑缘缝合治疗暴露性角膜溃疡的护理

[目的]总结暴露性角膜溃疡病人行暂时性睑缘缝合治疗的护理。[方法]对32例药物不能控制的单眼暴露性角膜溃疡行睑缘缝合术,同时加强术前护理、术后护理。[结果]术后3个月～6个月拆除缝线,13例溃疡愈合,荧光素钠染色阴性．角膜恢复透明,视力恢复如前,19例角膜形成局限性斑翳或白癍,视力有不同程度提高。[结论]加强暴露性角膜溃疡病人行暂时性睑缘缝合治疗的护理是手术成功的保证。     

显微技术辅助皮下内固定法在重睑成形术中的应用

目的探讨显微技术辅助皮下内固定法（眼轮匝肌-提肌腱膜/睑板固定）在重睑成形术中的应用价值。 方法自2015年8月至2019年8月,采用显微技术辅助皮下内固定法行切开重睑成形术388例（男性21例,女性367例）,其中伴轻度上睑下垂者76例。术后进行随访,评估伤口愈合情况及美学效果（重睑稳定性和重睑对称性）。 结果388例术后切口均一期愈合,无明显淤血、肿胀。160例获得随访3~24个月,平均随访9.6个月。大部分受术者重睑线弧度自然流畅,闭眼上睑皮肤平整,无明显凹陷、瘢痕及肉条现象,上睑下垂完全矫正。单侧重睑变浅3例,均二次手术修复。重睑不对称相对明显3例,其中2例再次手术修复。重睑线较窄4例。重睑稳定性评价：好97.5%（156/160）,中1.9%（3/160）,差0.6%（1/160）;重睑对称性评价：好96.3%（154/160）,中2.5%（4/160）,差1.2%（2/160）。 结论该方法可形成稳定的重睑皱襞,且避免了术后手术区域的凹陷、不平整及肉条现象,因其保留了较完整的眼轮匝肌,形成的重睑可呈现自然、动态的效果。     

双层瓦合缝合眼轮匝肌肌瓣用于中老年眼袋切除术的效果分析

目的 分析双层瓦合缝合眼轮匝肌肌瓣用于中老年眼袋切除术的效果.方法 选取本院2014年2月至2020年2月收治的60例接受眼袋美容整形术治疗的中老年患者,按照组间基本特征具有可比性的原则分为对照组(30例)与试验组(30例),对照组采用四步眼袋法治疗,试验组采用双层瓦合缝合眼轮匝肌肌瓣法治疗,观察比较两组的临床疗效.结...     

Crab lice infestation in unilateral eyelashes and adjacent eyelids: A case report

BACKGROUNDCrab lice (Phthirus pubis) infestation can occur at any age, to either males or females, and across all regions of the world. However, cases involving the eyelashes and adjacent eyelids (phthiriasis palpebrarum) are rare. Usually occurring as a sexually transmitted disease, crab lice can be spread by poor hygiene or in a dirty environment through direct contact with contaminated skin (hands) or textiles (towels and clothing). CASE SUMMARYA 50-year-old woman presented to our hospital with a 2-wk history of chronic eyelid pain and itching in the right eye, which exacerbated in the evening hours and which had not resolved following a 1-wk course of antibiotics and corticosteroid ointments (for blepharitis diagnosis from another hospital). A careful ophthalmic slit-lamp and light microscope examination revealed multiple crab lice and nits on the right upper eyelashes; the right and left lower eyelashes were normal. Following the new diagnosis of phthiriasis palpebrarum, the patient was treated by removing the affected eyelashes, the crab lice, and their nits completely. Additionally, the eyelids were washed once with povidone-iodine. A follow-up examination at 2 wk later showed complete resolution of symptoms and no evidence of re-infection.CONCLUSIONThis case emphasizes the importance of correct diagnosis and complete removal of eyelashes, crab lice and nits to cure phthiriasis palpebrarum.     

微小切口眼轮匝肌与提上睑肌腱膜固定的重睑术

【目的】探讨利用两个或三个3 mm微小皮肤切口进行重睑术的临床疗效。【方法】回顾近两年来本院31例采用微小切口通过眼轮匝肌与提上睑肌腱膜固定技术形成重睑患者的临床资料。【结果】随访1年,30例患者术后重睑线自然稳定,瘢痕基本不明显,1例患者术后单侧重睑线消失,重新固定后形态良好。【结论】利用微小切口将眼轮匝肌和提上睑肌腱膜固定形成重睑的术式损伤小,恢复快,瘢痕微小,重睑线自然稳定,尤其适应年轻女性,对上睑臃肿及皮肤略松的患者同样可以获得满意效果。     

血管缝线双层皮内缝合法修补儿童尿道下裂术后尿瘘的临床观察

目的：探讨血管缝线双层皮内缝合法修补儿童先天性尿道下裂重建术后尿瘘的疗效。方法：需行尿瘘修补术的先天性尿道下裂患儿45例，均采用5-0血管缝线皮内缝合皮肤及尿瘘上皮各层，术后12d拆除双层血管缝线。结果：尿道远、中、近端单瘘修复成功率分别为75％、92％、89％，多瘘成功率81％，所有病例总失败率16％。失败的7例中5例在半年后再次适用此法修补尿瘘成功，2例再次行尿道下裂重建手术成功。术后随访时间3个月-3年（中位数2年），无尿瘘复发。结论：血管缝线双层皮内缝合法对先天性尿道下裂重建术后尿瘘治疗效果尚可。     

眼轮匝肌-上睑提肌腱膜缝合重睑术同期联合不同矫正术式对中重度内眦赘皮合并单睑患者内眦间距的影响

目的 研究眼轮匝肌-上睑提肌腱膜缝合重睑术同期联合不同矫正术式对中重度内眦赘皮合并单睑患者内眦间距的影响.方法 回顾2019年1月～2020年1月于本院就诊的105例中重度内眦赘皮合并单睑患者病例,所有患者均接受眼轮匝肌-上睑提肌腱膜缝合重睑术治疗,其中50例患者同期联合"一"字横切法矫治,作为A组;55例患者同期联合...     

Nursing interventions to prevent corneal injury in critically ill sedated and mechanically ventilated patients: A systematic review of interventions

ObjectiveTo identify the effectiveness of interventions to prevent corneal injury in critically ill, sedated, and mechanically ventilated patients.Research methodologyA systematic review of intervention studies was conducted in the following electronic databases: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, LIVIVO, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science, and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Study selection and data extraction were performed by two independent reviewers. Quality assessment of the randomized and non-randomized studies was performed using the Risk of Bias (RoB 2.0) and ROBINS-I Cochrane tools, respectively, and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cohort studies. The certainty of the evidence was assessed according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system.Results15 studies were included. Meta-analysis showed that the risk of corneal injury in the lubricants group was 66% lower (RR = 0.34; 95 %CI: 0.13–0.92) than in the eye-taping group. The risk of corneal injury in the polyethylene chamber was 68% lower than in the eye ointment group (RR = 0.32; 95 %CI 0.07–1.44). The risk of bias was low in most of the studies included and the certainty of the evidence was evaluated.ConclusionsThe most effective interventions to prevent corneal injury in critically ill sedated mechanically ventilated, who have compromised blinking and eyelid closing mechanisms, are ocular lubrication, preferably gel or ointment, and protection of the corneas with a polyethylene chamber.Implications for clinical practiceCritically ill, sedated, and mechanically ventilated patients who have compromised blinking and eyelid closing mechanisms must receive interventions to prevent corneal injury. Ocular lubrication, preferably gel or ointment, and protection of the corneas with a polyethylene chamber were the most effective interventions to prevent corneal injury in critically ill, sedated, and mechanically ventilated patients. A polyethylene chamber must be made commercially available for critically ill, sedated, and mechanically ventilated patients.     

胆道支架和鼻胆管引流在腹腔镜胆总管探查术后一期缝合中的应用

目的 对比胆道支架和鼻胆管引流在腹腔镜胆总管探查术（LCBDE）后一期缝合中的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2016年8月－2021年1月在该院行内镜逆行胰胆管造影术（ERCP）取石失败的74例患者的临床资料，分为支架引流组（n = 38）和鼻胆管引流组（n = 36）。支架引流组ERCP取石失败后放置胆道支架引流，鼻胆管引流组ERCP取石失败后放置鼻胆管引流，两组患者均行腹腔镜胆总管切开取石一期缝合术。比较两组患者手术时间、术后住院时间、术后并发症发生率、术后肠道功能恢复时间、术后胆总管结石复发率和住院时间。结果 两组患者胆管缝合方式、手术时间、术中出血量、术后并发症总发生率和住院费用比较，差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。鼻胆管引流组术后胆瘘发生率明显低于支架引流组，住院时间明显短于支架引流组，术后肠道功能恢复时间明显长于支架引流组，术后总补液量多于支架引流组，差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。结论 ERCP取石失败后放置鼻胆管引流，可降低LCBDE术后一期缝合的胆瘘发生率，缩短住院时间，但放置胆道支架引流患者肠道功能恢复更快，补液量更少。因此，在临床操作中，应根据患者具体情况，选择相应的个体化引流方式。     

重睑成形术联合V-Y内眦赘皮矫正术治疗单睑伴内眦赘皮临床研究

目的 分析眼轮匝肌-上睑提肌固定(Park)重睑成形术+V-Y内眦赘皮矫正术治疗单睑伴内眦赘皮患者的效果.方法 选取我院78例单睑伴内眦赘皮患者(2018年10月～2020年5月),依照随机抽签法将其分为两组,各39例.两组均接受Park重睑成形术治疗,同时,对照组接受Z成形术,观察组接受V-Y内眦赘皮矫正术,比较两组...     

Endosonography (ES) in the diagnosis of recurrent cancer of the rectum.

The ability of endosonography (ES) to detect local recurrence after "curative" surgery for rectal cancer was investigated in 65 patients. Fifteen patients developed local recurrence. All of these 15 patients had ES evidence of recurrence; in four cases recurrence was detected by ES alone. Ten of the 15 patients with local failure underwent reoperation. Four patients were candidates for reoperation for cure. Three patients with radical reoperation belonged to the group in which recurrence was detected by ES alone. ES is able to detect small tumors before there is evidence of recurrence in other available forms of examination.     

探究上睑联合筋膜鞘悬吊术治疗儿童重度上睑下垂的疗效

目的 探究上睑联合筋膜鞘(CFS)悬吊术治疗儿童重度上睑下垂的临床效果.方法 选取2017年10月～2019年3月我院收治的98例儿童重度上睑下垂患者,根据治疗方案不同分为研究组和常规组,每组49例.研究组采用CFS悬吊术治疗,常规组采用上睑提肌缩短术治疗.对比两组治疗效果、并发症发生率、患儿家属对矫正效果满意度、手术...     

不同术式治疗先天性上睑下垂患者的疗效比较

目的 比较不同术式治疗先天性上睑下垂患者的效果.方法 选取我院2018年3月～2020年1月期间接收的先天性上睑下垂患者112例作为研究对象,其中接受经眶隔后隧道额肌瓣悬吊术治疗的57例患者作为悬吊组,接受上睑提肌缩短徙前矫正术治疗的55例患者作为提肌组,比较两组临床疗效、并发症状况以及术后1个月、3个月、6个月上睑回...